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Abstract

An ontology is a description (like a formal specification of a program) of concepts and relationships that can exist for an agent or a community of agents. The concept is important for the purpose of enabling knowledge sharing and reuse. The Handbook on Ontologies provides a comprehensive overview of the current status and future prospectives of the field of ontologies. The handbook demonstrates standards that have been created recently, it surveys methods that have been developed and it shows how to bring both into practice of ontology infrastructures and applications that are the best of their kind.

LCSH

Expert systems (Computer science)

Subject

Expert systems (Computer science)

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Abstract

Dieses Buch präsentiert ein breites Spektrum aktueller Methoden zur Repräsentation und Verarbeitung (un)sicheren Wissens in maschinellen Systemen in didaktisch aufbereiteter Form. Neben symbolischen Ansätzen des nichtmonotonen Schließens (Default-Logik, hier konstruktiv und leicht verständlich mittels sog. Default-Bäume realisiert) werden auch ausführlich quantitative Methoden wie z.B. probabilistische Markov- und Bayes-Netze vorgestellt. Weitere Abschnitte beschäftigen sich mit Wissensdynamik (Truth Maintenance-Systeme), Aktionen und Planen, maschinellem Lernen, Data Mining und fallbasiertem Schließen.In einem vertieften Querschnitt werden zentrale alternative Ansätze einer logikbasierten Wissensmodellierung ausführlich behandelt. Detailliert beschriebene Algorithmen geben dem Praktiker nützliche Hinweise zur Anwendung der vorgestellten Ansätze an die Hand, während fundiertes Hintergrundwissen ein tieferes Verständnis für die Besonderheiten der einzelnen Methoden vermittelt . Mit einer weitgehend vollständigen Darstellung des Stoffes und zahlreichen, in den Text integrierten Aufgaben ist das Buch für ein Selbststudium konzipiert, eignet sich aber gleichermaßen für eine entsprechende Vorlesung. Im Online-Service zu diesem Buch werden u.a. ausführliche Lösungshinweise zu allen Aufgaben des Buches angeboten.Zahlreiche Beispiele mit medizinischem, biologischem, wirtschaftlichem und technischem Hintergrund illustrieren konkrete Anwendungsszenarien. Von namhaften Professoren empfohlen: State-of-the-Art bietet das Buch zu diesem klassischen Bereich der Informatik. Die wesentlichen Methoden wissensbasierter Systeme werden verständlich und anschaulich dargestellt. Repräsentation und Verarbeitung sicheren und unsicheren Wissens in maschinellen Systemen stehen dabei im Mittelpunkt. In der vierten, verbesserten Auflage wurde die Anzahl der motivierenden Selbsttestaufgaben mit aktuellem Praxisbezug nochmals erweitert. Ein Online-Service mit ausführlichen Musterlösungen erleichtert das Lernen.

LCSH

Computer science

Subject

Computer science

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Abstract

Libraries have always been an inspiration for the standards and technologies developed by semantic web activities. However, except for the Dublin Core specification, semantic web and social networking technologies have not been widely adopted and further developed by major digital library initiatives and projects. Yet semantic technologies offer a new level of flexibility, interoperability, and relationships for digital repositories. Kruk and McDaniel present semantic web-related aspects of current digital library activities, and introduce their functionality; they show examples ranging from general architectural descriptions to detailed usages of specific ontologies, and thus stimulate the awareness of researchers, engineers, and potential users of those technologies. Their presentation is completed by chapters on existing prototype systems such as JeromeDL, BRICKS, and Greenstone, as well as a look into the possible future of semantic digital libraries. This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in areas like digital libraries, the semantic web, social networks, and information retrieval. This audience will benefit from detailed descriptions of both today's possibilities and also the shortcomings of applying semantic web technologies to large digital repositories of often unstructured data.

Content

Inhalt: Introduction to Digital Libraries and Semantic Web: Introduction / Bill McDaniel and Sebastian Ryszard Kruk - Digital Libraries and Knowledge Organization / Dagobert Soergel - Semantic Web and Ontologies / Marcin Synak, Maciej Dabrowski and Sebastian Ryszard Kruk - Social Semantic Information Spaces / John G. Breslin A Vision of Semantic Digital Libraries: Goals of Semantic Digital Libraries / Sebastian Ryszard Kruk and Bill McDaniel - Architecture of Semantic Digital Libraries / Sebastian Ryszard Kruk, Adam Westerki and Ewelina Kruk - Long-time Preservation / Markus Reis Ontologies for Semantic Digital Libraries: Bibliographic Ontology / Maciej Dabrowski, Macin Synak and Sebastian Ryszard Kruk - Community-aware Ontologies / Slawomir Grzonkowski, Sebastian Ryszard Kruk, Adam Gzella, Jakub Demczuk and Bill McDaniel Prototypes of Semantic Digital Libraries: JeromeDL: The Social Semantic Digital Library / Sebastian Ryszard Kruk, Mariusz Cygan, Adam Gzella, Tomasz Woroniecki and Maciej Dabrowski - The BRICKS Digital Library Infrastructure / Bernhard Haslhofer and Predrag Knezevié - Semantics in Greenstone / Annika Hinze, George Buchanan, David Bainbridge and Ian Witten Building the Future - Semantic Digital Libraries in Use: Hyperbooks / Gilles Falquet, Luka Nerima and Jean-Claude Ziswiler - Semantic Digital Libraries for Archiving / Bill McDaniel - Evaluation of Semantic and Social Technologies for Digital Libraries / Sebastian Ryszard Kruk, Ewelina Kruk and Katarzyna Stankiewicz - Conclusions: The Future of Semantic Digital Libraries / Sebastian Ryszard Kruk and Bill McDaniel

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Series

Advances in information systems and management science; 39