-
Hotho, A.; Bloehdorn, S.: Data Mining 2004 : Text classification by boosting weak learners based on terms and concepts (2004)
0.07
0.07340554 = sum of:
0.054730505 = product of:
0.21892202 = sum of:
0.21892202 = weight(_text_:3a in 562) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.21892202 = score(doc=562,freq=2.0), product of:
0.38952845 = queryWeight, product of:
8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.56201804 = fieldWeight in 562, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=562)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
0.018675037 = product of:
0.037350073 = sum of:
0.037350073 = weight(_text_:22 in 562) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.037350073 = score(doc=562,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16089413 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 562, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=562)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Content
- Vgl.: http://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CEAQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fdownload%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.91.4940%26rep%3Drep1%26type%3Dpdf&ei=dOXrUMeIDYHDtQahsIGACg&usg=AFQjCNHFWVh6gNPvnOrOS9R3rkrXCNVD-A&sig2=5I2F5evRfMnsttSgFF9g7Q&bvm=bv.1357316858,d.Yms.
- Date
- 8. 1.2013 10:22:32
-
Doszkocs, T.E.; Zamora, A.: Dictionary services and spelling aids for Web searching (2004)
0.01
0.011004371 = product of:
0.022008741 = sum of:
0.022008741 = product of:
0.044017483 = sum of:
0.044017483 = weight(_text_:22 in 2541) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.044017483 = score(doc=2541,freq=4.0), product of:
0.16089413 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.27358043 = fieldWeight in 2541, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2541)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 14. 8.2004 17:22:56
- Source
- Online. 28(2004) no.3, S.22-29
-
Hammwöhner, R.: TransRouter revisited : Decision support in the routing of translation projects (2000)
0.01
0.010893771 = product of:
0.021787543 = sum of:
0.021787543 = product of:
0.043575086 = sum of:
0.043575086 = weight(_text_:22 in 5483) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.043575086 = score(doc=5483,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16089413 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 5483, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5483)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 10.12.2000 18:22:35
-
Schneider, J.W.; Borlund, P.: ¬A bibliometric-based semiautomatic approach to identification of candidate thesaurus terms : parsing and filtering of noun phrases from citation contexts (2005)
0.01
0.010893771 = product of:
0.021787543 = sum of:
0.021787543 = product of:
0.043575086 = sum of:
0.043575086 = weight(_text_:22 in 156) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.043575086 = score(doc=156,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16089413 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 156, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=156)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 8. 3.2007 19:55:22
-
Paolillo, J.C.: Linguistics and the information sciences (2009)
0.01
0.010893771 = product of:
0.021787543 = sum of:
0.021787543 = product of:
0.043575086 = sum of:
0.043575086 = weight(_text_:22 in 3840) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.043575086 = score(doc=3840,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16089413 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 3840, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3840)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 27. 8.2011 14:22:33
-
Bian, G.-W.; Chen, H.-H.: Cross-language information access to multilingual collections on the Internet (2000)
0.01
0.009337518 = product of:
0.018675037 = sum of:
0.018675037 = product of:
0.037350073 = sum of:
0.037350073 = weight(_text_:22 in 4436) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.037350073 = score(doc=4436,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16089413 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 4436, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4436)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 16. 2.2000 14:22:39
-
Hull, D.; Ait-Mokhtar, S.; Chuat, M.; Eisele, A.; Gaussier, E.; Grefenstette, G.; Isabelle, P.; Samulesson, C.; Segand, F.: Language technologies and patent search and classification (2001)
0.01
0.0054969285 = product of:
0.010993857 = sum of:
0.010993857 = product of:
0.021987714 = sum of:
0.021987714 = weight(_text_:d in 6318) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.021987714 = score(doc=6318,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08729101 = queryWeight, product of:
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.2518898 = fieldWeight in 6318, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=6318)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Yang, C.C.; Luk, J.: Automatic generation of English/Chinese thesaurus based on a parallel corpus in laws (2003)
0.01
0.0054468857 = product of:
0.010893771 = sum of:
0.010893771 = product of:
0.021787543 = sum of:
0.021787543 = weight(_text_:22 in 1616) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.021787543 = score(doc=1616,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16089413 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.1354154 = fieldWeight in 1616, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=1616)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- The information available in languages other than English in the World Wide Web is increasing significantly. According to a report from Computer Economics in 1999, 54% of Internet users are English speakers ("English Will Dominate Web for Only Three More Years," Computer Economics, July 9, 1999, http://www.computereconomics. com/new4/pr/pr990610.html). However, it is predicted that there will be only 60% increase in Internet users among English speakers verses a 150% growth among nonEnglish speakers for the next five years. By 2005, 57% of Internet users will be non-English speakers. A report by CNN.com in 2000 showed that the number of Internet users in China had been increased from 8.9 million to 16.9 million from January to June in 2000 ("Report: China Internet users double to 17 million," CNN.com, July, 2000, http://cnn.org/2000/TECH/computing/07/27/ china.internet.reut/index.html). According to Nielsen/ NetRatings, there was a dramatic leap from 22.5 millions to 56.6 millions Internet users from 2001 to 2002. China had become the second largest global at-home Internet population in 2002 (US's Internet population was 166 millions) (Robyn Greenspan, "China Pulls Ahead of Japan," Internet.com, April 22, 2002, http://cyberatias.internet.com/big-picture/geographics/article/0,,5911_1013841,00. html). All of the evidences reveal the importance of crosslingual research to satisfy the needs in the near future. Digital library research has been focusing in structural and semantic interoperability in the past. Searching and retrieving objects across variations in protocols, formats and disciplines are widely explored (Schatz, B., & Chen, H. (1999). Digital libraries: technological advances and social impacts. IEEE Computer, Special Issue an Digital Libraries, February, 32(2), 45-50.; Chen, H., Yen, J., & Yang, C.C. (1999). International activities: development of Asian digital libraries. IEEE Computer, Special Issue an Digital Libraries, 32(2), 48-49.). However, research in crossing language boundaries, especially across European languages and Oriental languages, is still in the initial stage. In this proposal, we put our focus an cross-lingual semantic interoperability by developing automatic generation of a cross-lingual thesaurus based an English/Chinese parallel corpus. When the searchers encounter retrieval problems, Professional librarians usually consult the thesaurus to identify other relevant vocabularies. In the problem of searching across language boundaries, a cross-lingual thesaurus, which is generated by co-occurrence analysis and Hopfield network, can be used to generate additional semantically relevant terms that cannot be obtained from dictionary. In particular, the automatically generated cross-lingual thesaurus is able to capture the unknown words that do not exist in a dictionary, such as names of persons, organizations, and events. Due to Hong Kong's unique history background, both English and Chinese are used as official languages in all legal documents. Therefore, English/Chinese cross-lingual information retrieval is critical for applications in courts and the government. In this paper, we develop an automatic thesaurus by the Hopfield network based an a parallel corpus collected from the Web site of the Department of Justice of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) Government. Experiments are conducted to measure the precision and recall of the automatic generated English/Chinese thesaurus. The result Shows that such thesaurus is a promising tool to retrieve relevant terms, especially in the language that is not the same as the input term. The direct translation of the input term can also be retrieved in most of the cases.
-
Wu, D.-S.; Liang, T.: Chinese pronominal anaphora resolution using lexical knowledge and entropy-based weight (2008)
0.00
0.0032065418 = product of:
0.0064130835 = sum of:
0.0064130835 = product of:
0.012826167 = sum of:
0.012826167 = weight(_text_:d in 2367) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.012826167 = score(doc=2367,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08729101 = queryWeight, product of:
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.14693572 = fieldWeight in 2367, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2367)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Toutanova, K.; Klein, D.; Manning, C.D.; Singer, Y.: Feature-rich Part-of-Speech Tagging with a cyclic dependency network (2003)
0.00
0.0032065418 = product of:
0.0064130835 = sum of:
0.0064130835 = product of:
0.012826167 = sum of:
0.012826167 = weight(_text_:d in 1059) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.012826167 = score(doc=1059,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08729101 = queryWeight, product of:
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.14693572 = fieldWeight in 1059, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1059)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Jaaranen, K.; Lehtola, A.; Tenni, J.; Bounsaythip, C.: Webtran tools for in-company language support (2000)
0.00
0.0027484642 = product of:
0.0054969285 = sum of:
0.0054969285 = product of:
0.010993857 = sum of:
0.010993857 = weight(_text_:d in 5553) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.010993857 = score(doc=5553,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08729101 = queryWeight, product of:
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.1259449 = fieldWeight in 5553, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5553)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Sprachtechnologie für eine dynamische Wirtschaft im Medienzeitalter - Language technologies for dynamic business in the age of the media - L'ingénierie linguistique au service de la dynamisation économique à l'ère du multimédia: Tagungsakten der XXVI. Jahrestagung der Internationalen Vereinigung Sprache und Wirtschaft e.V., 23.-25.11.2000, Fachhochschule Köln. Hrsg.: K.-D. Schmitz
-
L'Homme, D.; L'Homme, M.-C.; Lemay, C.: Benchmarking the performance of two Part-of-Speech (POS) taggers for terminological purposes (2002)
0.00
0.0027484642 = product of:
0.0054969285 = sum of:
0.0054969285 = product of:
0.010993857 = sum of:
0.010993857 = weight(_text_:d in 1855) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.010993857 = score(doc=1855,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08729101 = queryWeight, product of:
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.1259449 = fieldWeight in 1855, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1855)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Beitzel, S.M.; Jensen, E.C.; Chowdhury, A.; Grossman, D.; Frieder, O; Goharian, N.: Fusion of effective retrieval strategies in the same information retrieval system (2004)
0.00
0.0027484642 = product of:
0.0054969285 = sum of:
0.0054969285 = product of:
0.010993857 = sum of:
0.010993857 = weight(_text_:d in 2502) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.010993857 = score(doc=2502,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08729101 = queryWeight, product of:
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.1259449 = fieldWeight in 2502, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2502)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Radev, D.; Fan, W.; Qu, H.; Wu, H.; Grewal, A.: Probabilistic question answering on the Web (2005)
0.00
0.0027484642 = product of:
0.0054969285 = sum of:
0.0054969285 = product of:
0.010993857 = sum of:
0.010993857 = weight(_text_:d in 3455) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.010993857 = score(doc=3455,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08729101 = queryWeight, product of:
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.1259449 = fieldWeight in 3455, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3455)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Zhou, L.; Zhang, D.: NLPIR: a theoretical framework for applying Natural Language Processing to information retrieval (2003)
0.00
0.0027484642 = product of:
0.0054969285 = sum of:
0.0054969285 = product of:
0.010993857 = sum of:
0.010993857 = weight(_text_:d in 5148) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.010993857 = score(doc=5148,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08729101 = queryWeight, product of:
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.1259449 = fieldWeight in 5148, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5148)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Oard, D.W.; He, D.; Wang, J.: User-assisted query translation for interactive cross-language information retrieval (2008)
0.00
0.0027484642 = product of:
0.0054969285 = sum of:
0.0054969285 = product of:
0.010993857 = sum of:
0.010993857 = weight(_text_:d in 2030) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.010993857 = score(doc=2030,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08729101 = queryWeight, product of:
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.1259449 = fieldWeight in 2030, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2030)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Zhang, C.; Zeng, D.; Li, J.; Wang, F.-Y.; Zuo, W.: Sentiment analysis of Chinese documents : from sentence to document level (2009)
0.00
0.0027484642 = product of:
0.0054969285 = sum of:
0.0054969285 = product of:
0.010993857 = sum of:
0.010993857 = weight(_text_:d in 3296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.010993857 = score(doc=3296,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08729101 = queryWeight, product of:
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.1259449 = fieldWeight in 3296, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3296)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Bird, S.; Dale, R.; Dorr, B.; Gibson, B.; Joseph, M.; Kan, M.-Y.; Lee, D.; Powley, B.; Radev, D.; Tan, Y.F.: ¬The ACL Anthology Reference Corpus : a reference dataset for bibliographic research in computational linguistics (2008)
0.00
0.0025912772 = product of:
0.0051825545 = sum of:
0.0051825545 = product of:
0.010365109 = sum of:
0.010365109 = weight(_text_:d in 2804) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.010365109 = score(doc=2804,freq=4.0), product of:
0.08729101 = queryWeight, product of:
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.118742 = fieldWeight in 2804, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=2804)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Wright, S.E.: Leveraging terminology resources across application boundaries : accessing resources in future integrated environments (2000)
0.00
0.002290387 = product of:
0.004580774 = sum of:
0.004580774 = product of:
0.009161548 = sum of:
0.009161548 = weight(_text_:d in 5528) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.009161548 = score(doc=5528,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08729101 = queryWeight, product of:
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.104954086 = fieldWeight in 5528, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5528)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Sprachtechnologie für eine dynamische Wirtschaft im Medienzeitalter - Language technologies for dynamic business in the age of the media - L'ingénierie linguistique au service de la dynamisation économique à l'ère du multimédia: Tagungsakten der XXVI. Jahrestagung der Internationalen Vereinigung Sprache und Wirtschaft e.V., 23.-25.11.2000, Fachhochschule Köln. Hrsg.: K.-D. Schmitz
-
Rosemblat, G.; Tse, T.; Gemoets, D.: Adapting a monolingual consumer health system for Spanish cross-language information retrieval (2004)
0.00
0.002290387 = product of:
0.004580774 = sum of:
0.004580774 = product of:
0.009161548 = sum of:
0.009161548 = weight(_text_:d in 2673) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.009161548 = score(doc=2673,freq=2.0), product of:
0.08729101 = queryWeight, product of:
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.045945734 = queryNorm
0.104954086 = fieldWeight in 2673, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.899872 = idf(docFreq=17979, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2673)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
