-
Huo, W.: Automatic multi-word term extraction and its application to Web-page summarization (2012)
0.01
0.009248778 = product of:
0.018497556 = sum of:
0.018497556 = product of:
0.036995113 = sum of:
0.036995113 = weight(_text_:22 in 563) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.036995113 = score(doc=563,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15936506 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 563, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=563)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 10. 1.2013 19:22:47
-
Lawrie, D.; Mayfield, J.; McNamee, P.; Oard, P.W.: Cross-language person-entity linking from 20 languages (2015)
0.01
0.009248778 = product of:
0.018497556 = sum of:
0.018497556 = product of:
0.036995113 = sum of:
0.036995113 = weight(_text_:22 in 1848) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.036995113 = score(doc=1848,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15936506 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 1848, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1848)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- The goal of entity linking is to associate references to an entity that is found in unstructured natural language content to an authoritative inventory of known entities. This article describes the construction of 6 test collections for cross-language person-entity linking that together span 22 languages. Fully automated components were used together with 2 crowdsourced validation stages to affordably generate ground-truth annotations with an accuracy comparable to that of a completely manual process. The resulting test collections each contain between 642 (Arabic) and 2,361 (Romanian) person references in non-English texts for which the correct resolution in English Wikipedia is known, plus a similar number of references for which no correct resolution into English Wikipedia is believed to exist. Fully automated cross-language person-name linking experiments with 20 non-English languages yielded a resolution accuracy of between 0.84 (Serbian) and 0.98 (Romanian), which compares favorably with previously reported cross-language entity linking results for Spanish.
-
Ramisch, C.: Multiword expressions acquisition : a generic and open framework (2015)
0.01
0.00906151 = product of:
0.01812302 = sum of:
0.01812302 = product of:
0.03624604 = sum of:
0.03624604 = weight(_text_:k in 1649) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.03624604 = score(doc=1649,freq=4.0), product of:
0.16245733 = queryWeight, product of:
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.22311112 = fieldWeight in 1649, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=1649)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Classification
- BFP (FH K)
- GHBS
- BFP (FH K)
-
From information to knowledge : conceptual and content analysis by computer (1995)
0.01
0.008009318 = product of:
0.016018637 = sum of:
0.016018637 = product of:
0.032037273 = sum of:
0.032037273 = weight(_text_:k in 5392) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.032037273 = score(doc=5392,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16245733 = queryWeight, product of:
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.19720423 = fieldWeight in 5392, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5392)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Editor
- Nissan, E. u. K. Schmidt
-
Wright, S.E.: Leveraging terminology resources across application boundaries : accessing resources in future integrated environments (2000)
0.01
0.008009318 = product of:
0.016018637 = sum of:
0.016018637 = product of:
0.032037273 = sum of:
0.032037273 = weight(_text_:k in 5528) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.032037273 = score(doc=5528,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16245733 = queryWeight, product of:
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.19720423 = fieldWeight in 5528, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5528)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Sprachtechnologie für eine dynamische Wirtschaft im Medienzeitalter - Language technologies for dynamic business in the age of the media - L'ingénierie linguistique au service de la dynamisation économique à l'ère du multimédia: Tagungsakten der XXVI. Jahrestagung der Internationalen Vereinigung Sprache und Wirtschaft e.V., 23.-25.11.2000, Fachhochschule Köln. Hrsg.: K.-D. Schmitz
-
Li, W.; Wong, K.-F.; Yuan, C.: Toward automatic Chinese temporal information extraction (2001)
0.01
0.008009318 = product of:
0.016018637 = sum of:
0.016018637 = product of:
0.032037273 = sum of:
0.032037273 = weight(_text_:k in 6029) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.032037273 = score(doc=6029,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16245733 = queryWeight, product of:
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.19720423 = fieldWeight in 6029, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=6029)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Kishida, K.: Term disambiguation techniques based on target document collection for cross-language information retrieval : an empirical comparison of performance between techniques (2007)
0.01
0.008009318 = product of:
0.016018637 = sum of:
0.016018637 = product of:
0.032037273 = sum of:
0.032037273 = weight(_text_:k in 897) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.032037273 = score(doc=897,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16245733 = queryWeight, product of:
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.19720423 = fieldWeight in 897, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=897)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Shaalan, K.; Raza, H.: NERA: Named Entity Recognition for Arabic (2009)
0.01
0.008009318 = product of:
0.016018637 = sum of:
0.016018637 = product of:
0.032037273 = sum of:
0.032037273 = weight(_text_:k in 2953) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.032037273 = score(doc=2953,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16245733 = queryWeight, product of:
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.19720423 = fieldWeight in 2953, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2953)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Sankarasubramaniam, Y.; Ramanathan, K.; Ghosh, S.: Text summarization using Wikipedia (2014)
0.01
0.008009318 = product of:
0.016018637 = sum of:
0.016018637 = product of:
0.032037273 = sum of:
0.032037273 = weight(_text_:k in 2693) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.032037273 = score(doc=2693,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16245733 = queryWeight, product of:
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.19720423 = fieldWeight in 2693, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2693)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Savoy, J.: Text representation strategies : an example with the State of the union addresses (2016)
0.01
0.008009318 = product of:
0.016018637 = sum of:
0.016018637 = product of:
0.032037273 = sum of:
0.032037273 = weight(_text_:k in 3042) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.032037273 = score(doc=3042,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16245733 = queryWeight, product of:
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.19720423 = fieldWeight in 3042, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3042)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- Based on State of the Union addresses from 1790 to 2014 (225 speeches delivered by 42 presidents), this paper describes and evaluates different text representation strategies. To determine the most important words of a given text, the term frequencies (tf) or the tf?idf weighting scheme can be applied. Recently, latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) has been proposed to define the topics included in a corpus. As another strategy, this study proposes to apply a vocabulary specificity measure (Z?score) to determine the most significantly overused word-types or short sequences of them. Our experiments show that the simple term frequency measure is not able to discriminate between specific terms associated with a document or a set of texts. Using the tf idf or LDA approach, the selection requires some arbitrary decisions. Based on the term-specific measure (Z?score), the term selection has a clear theoretical basis. Moreover, the most significant sentences for each presidency can be determined. As another facet, we can visualize the dynamic evolution of usage of some terms associated with their specificity measures. Finally, this technique can be employed to define the most important lexical leaders introducing terms overused by the k following presidencies.
-
Lian, T.; Yu, C.; Wang, W.; Yuan, Q.; Hou, Z.: Doctoral dissertations on tourism in China : a co-word analysis (2016)
0.01
0.008009318 = product of:
0.016018637 = sum of:
0.016018637 = product of:
0.032037273 = sum of:
0.032037273 = weight(_text_:k in 3178) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.032037273 = score(doc=3178,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16245733 = queryWeight, product of:
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.19720423 = fieldWeight in 3178, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3178)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- The aim of this paper is to map the foci of research in doctoral dissertations on tourism in China. In the paper, coword analysis is applied, with keywords coming from six public dissertation databases, i.e. CDFD, Wanfang Data, NLC, CALIS, ISTIC, and NSTL, as well as some university libraries providing doctoral dissertations on tourism. Altogether we have examined 928 doctoral dissertations on tourism written between 1989 and 2013. Doctoral dissertations on tourism in China involve 36 first level disciplines and 102 secondary level disciplines. We collect the top 68 keywords of practical significance in tourism which are mentioned at least four times or more. These keywords are classified into 12 categories based on co-word analysis, including cluster analysis, strategic diagrams analysis, and social network analysis. According to the strategic diagram of the 12 categories, we find the mature and immature areas in tourism study. From social networks, we can see the social network maps of original co-occurrence matrix and k-cores analysis of binary matrix. The paper provides valuable insight into the study of tourism by analyzing doctoral dissertations on tourism in China.
-
Lhadj, L.S.; Boughanem, M.; Amrouche, K.: Enhancing information retrieval through concept-based language modeling and semantic smoothing (2016)
0.01
0.008009318 = product of:
0.016018637 = sum of:
0.016018637 = product of:
0.032037273 = sum of:
0.032037273 = weight(_text_:k in 3221) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.032037273 = score(doc=3221,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16245733 = queryWeight, product of:
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.19720423 = fieldWeight in 3221, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3221)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Järvelin, A.; Keskustalo, H.; Sormunen, E.; Saastamoinen, M.; Kettunen, K.: Information retrieval from historical newspaper collections in highly inflectional languages : a query expansion approach (2016)
0.01
0.008009318 = product of:
0.016018637 = sum of:
0.016018637 = product of:
0.032037273 = sum of:
0.032037273 = weight(_text_:k in 3223) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.032037273 = score(doc=3223,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16245733 = queryWeight, product of:
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.19720423 = fieldWeight in 3223, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3223)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
K., Vani; Gupta, D.: Unmasking text plagiarism using syntactic-semantic based natural language processing techniques : comparisons, analysis and challenges (2018)
0.01
0.008009318 = product of:
0.016018637 = sum of:
0.016018637 = product of:
0.032037273 = sum of:
0.032037273 = weight(_text_:k in 5084) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.032037273 = score(doc=5084,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16245733 = queryWeight, product of:
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.19720423 = fieldWeight in 5084, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5084)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Soni, S.; Lerman, K.; Eisenstein, J.: Follow the leader : documents on the leading edge of semantic change get more citations (2021)
0.01
0.008009318 = product of:
0.016018637 = sum of:
0.016018637 = product of:
0.032037273 = sum of:
0.032037273 = weight(_text_:k in 169) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.032037273 = score(doc=169,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16245733 = queryWeight, product of:
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.19720423 = fieldWeight in 169, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=169)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Tao, J.; Zhou, L.; Hickey, K.: Making sense of the black-boxes : toward interpretable text classification using deep learning models (2023)
0.01
0.008009318 = product of:
0.016018637 = sum of:
0.016018637 = product of:
0.032037273 = sum of:
0.032037273 = weight(_text_:k in 990) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.032037273 = score(doc=990,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16245733 = queryWeight, product of:
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.19720423 = fieldWeight in 990, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=990)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Laparra, E.; Binford-Walsh, A.; Emerson, K.; Miller, M.L.; López-Hoffman, L.; Currim, F.; Bethard, S.: Addressing structural hurdles for metadata extraction from environmental impact statements (2023)
0.01
0.008009318 = product of:
0.016018637 = sum of:
0.016018637 = product of:
0.032037273 = sum of:
0.032037273 = weight(_text_:k in 1042) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.032037273 = score(doc=1042,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16245733 = queryWeight, product of:
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.19720423 = fieldWeight in 1042, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1042)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Computational linguistics for the new millennium : divergence or synergy? Proceedings of the International Symposium held at the Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg, 21-22 July 2000. Festschrift in honour of Peter Hellwig on the occasion of his 60th birthday (2002)
0.01
0.007707316 = product of:
0.015414632 = sum of:
0.015414632 = product of:
0.030829264 = sum of:
0.030829264 = weight(_text_:22 in 4900) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030829264 = score(doc=4900,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15936506 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 4900, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4900)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Fóris, A.: Network theory and terminology (2013)
0.01
0.007707316 = product of:
0.015414632 = sum of:
0.015414632 = product of:
0.030829264 = sum of:
0.030829264 = weight(_text_:22 in 1365) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030829264 = score(doc=1365,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15936506 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 1365, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1365)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 2. 9.2014 21:22:48
-
Luo, L.; Ju, J.; Li, Y.-F.; Haffari, G.; Xiong, B.; Pan, S.: ChatRule: mining logical rules with large language models for knowledge graph reasoning (2023)
0.01
0.007707316 = product of:
0.015414632 = sum of:
0.015414632 = product of:
0.030829264 = sum of:
0.030829264 = weight(_text_:22 in 1171) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030829264 = score(doc=1171,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15936506 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045509085 = queryNorm
0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 1171, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1171)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 23.11.2023 19:07:22
