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Maaten, L. van den: Accelerating t-SNE using Tree-Based Algorithms (2014)
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- Abstract
- The paper investigates the acceleration of t-SNE-an embedding technique that is commonly used for the visualization of high-dimensional data in scatter plots-using two tree-based algorithms. In particular, the paper develops variants of the Barnes-Hut algorithm and of the dual-tree algorithm that approximate the gradient used for learning t-SNE embeddings in O(N*logN). Our experiments show that the resulting algorithms substantially accelerate t-SNE, and that they make it possible to learn embeddings of data sets with millions of objects. Somewhat counterintuitively, the Barnes-Hut variant of t-SNE appears to outperform the dual-tree variant.
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Leydesdorff, L.; Persson, O.: Mapping the geography of science : distribution patterns and networks of relations among cities and institutes (2010)
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Information visualization in data mining and knowledge discovery (2002)
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- Date
- 23. 3.2008 19:10:22
- Editor
- Fayyad, U. et al.
