-
Condron, L.; Tittemore, C.P.: ¬... Or perhaps MARC can be reborn (2003)
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- Date
- 7.12.2015 19:23:43
-
Furrie, B.; Data Base Development Department of The Follett Software Company: Understanding MARC Bibliographic : Machine-readable cataloging (2000)
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- Footnote
- Vgl. auch unter: http://lcweb.loc.gov/marc/umb/. - Understanding MARC: Bibliographic was a copyrighted work originally published by the Follett Software Co. in 1988 (second edition, 1989, third edition, 1990, fourth edition, 1994, fifth edition, 1998)
-
LeVan, R.R.: Dublin Core and Z39.50 (2001)
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- Date
- 11. 2.1997 20:11:23
-
El-Sherbini, M.: Metadata and the future of cataloging (2001)
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- Date
- 23. 1.2007 11:22:30
-
Keith, C.: Using XSLT to manipulate MARC metadata (2004)
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- Date
- 9.12.2005 19:13:23
- Source
- Library hi tech. 22(2004) no.2, S.122-130
-
Sandberg-Fox, A.M.: ¬The microcomputer revolution (2001)
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- Abstract
- With the introduction of the microcomputer in the 1980s, a revolution of sorts was initiated. In libraries this was evidenced by the acquisition of personal computers and the software to run on them. All that catalogers needed were cataloging rules and a MARC format to ensure their bibliographic control. However, little did catalogers realize they were dealing with an industry that introduced rapid technological changes, which effected continual revision of existing rules and the formulation of special guidelines to deal with the industry's innovative products. This article focuses on the attempts of libraries and organized cataloging groups to develop the Chapter 9 descriptive cataloging rules in AACR2; it highlights selected events and includes cataloging examples that illustrate the evolution of the chapter.
-
ISO 25964 Thesauri and interoperability with other vocabularies (2008)
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- Abstract
- T.1: Today's thesauri are mostly electronic tools, having moved on from the paper-based era when thesaurus standards were first developed. They are built and maintained with the support of software and need to integrate with other software, such as search engines and content management systems. Whereas in the past thesauri were designed for information professionals trained in indexing and searching, today there is a demand for vocabularies that untrained users will find to be intuitive. ISO 25964 makes the transition needed for the world of electronic information management. However, part 1 retains the assumption that human intellect is usually involved in the selection of indexing terms and in the selection of search terms. If both the indexer and the searcher are guided to choose the same term for the same concept, then relevant documents will be retrieved. This is the main principle underlying thesaurus design, even though a thesaurus built for human users may also be applied in situations where computers make the choices. Efficient exchange of data is a vital component of thesaurus management and exploitation. Hence the inclusion in this standard of recommendations for exchange formats and protocols. Adoption of these will facilitate interoperability between thesaurus management systems and the other computer applications, such as indexing and retrieval systems, that will utilize the data. Thesauri are typically used in post-coordinate retrieval systems, but may also be applied to hierarchical directories, pre-coordinate indexes and classification systems. Increasingly, thesaurus applications need to mesh with others, such as automatic categorization schemes, free-text search systems, etc. Part 2 of ISO 25964 describes additional types of structured vocabulary and gives recommendations to enable interoperation of the vocabularies at all stages of the information storage and retrieval process.
- Theme
- Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
-
Martin, P.: Conventions and notations for knowledge representation and retrieval (2000)
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- Abstract
- Much research has focused on the problem of knowledge accessibility, sharing and reuse. Specific languages (e.g. KIF, CG, RDF) and ontologies have been proposed. Common characteristics, conventions or ontological distinctions are beginning to emerge. Since knowledge providers (humans and software agents) must follow common conventions for the knowledge to be widely accessed and re-used, we propose lexical, structural, semantic and ontological conventions based on various knowledge representation projects and our own research. These are minimal conventions that can be followed by most and cover the most common knowledge representation cases. However, agreement and refinements are still required. We also show that a notation can be both readable and expressive by quickly presenting two new notations -- Formalized English (FE) and Frame-CG (FCG) - derived from the CG linear form [9] and Frame-Logics [4]. These notations support the above conventions, and are implemented in our Web-based knowledge representation and document indexation tool, WebKB¹ [7]
-
Kushwoh, S.S.; Gautam, J.N.; Singh, R.: Migration from CDS / ISIS to KOHA : a case study of data conversion from CCF to MARC 21 (2009)
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- Theme
- Bibliographische Software
-
Salgáné, M.M.: Our electronic era and bibliographic informations computer-related bibliographic data formats, metadata formats and BDML (2005)
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- Abstract
- Using new communication technologies libraries must face continuously new questions, possibilities and expectations. This study discusses library-related aspects of our electronic era and how computer-related data formats affect bibliographic dataprocessing to give a summary of the most important results. First bibliographic formats for the exchange of bibliographic and related information in the machine-readable form between different types of computer systems were created more than 30 years ago. The evolution of information technologies leads to the improvement of computer systems. In addition to the development of computers and media types Internet has a great influence on data structure as well. Since the introduction of MARC bibliographic format, technology of data exchange between computers and between different computer systems has reached a very sophisticated stage and has contributed to the creation of new standards in this field. Today libraries work with this new infrastructure that induces many challenges. One of the most significant challenges is moving from a relatively homogenous bibliographic environment to a diverse one. Despite these challenges such changes are achievable and necessary to exploit possibilities of new metadata and technologies like the Internet and XML (Extensible Markup Language). XML is an open standard, a universal language for data on the Web. XML is nearly six-years-old standard designed for the description and computer-based management of (semi)-structured data and structured texts. XML gives developers the power to deliver structured data from a wide variety of applications and it is also an ideal format from server-to-server transfer of structured data. XML also isn't limited for Internet use and is an especially valuable tool in the field of library. In fact, XML's main strength - organizing information - makes it perfect for exchanging data between different systems. Tools that work with the XML can be used to process XML records without incurring additional costs associated with one's own software development. In addition, XML is also a suitable format for library web services. The Department of Computer-related Graphic Design and Library and Information Sciences of Debrecen University launched the BDML (Bibliographic Description Markup Language) development project in order to standardize bibliogrphic description with the help of XML.
-
Helmkamp, K.; Oehlschläger, S.: Firmenworkshop Umstieg auf MARC 21 : Workshop an der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek am 26. September 2007 (2007)
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- Abstract
- Nach dem internationalen Workshop »MARC 21 - Experiences, Challenges and Visions« im Frühsommer dieses Jahres veranstaltete die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek (DNB) am 26. September 2007 in Frankfurt am Main im Rahmen des von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) geförderten Projekts »Internationalisierung der deutschen Standards: Umstieg auf MARC 21« einen Workshop für Hersteller und Anbieter von Bibliothekssoftware unter Beteiligung von Mitgliedern der Expertengruppe Datenformate, von Experten der DNB und von weiteren Vertretern der Bibliotheksverbünde. Repräsentanten einzelner Bibliotheken, Verbünde und Hersteller folgten einer Einladung der Arbeitsstelle Datenformate und der Expertengruppe Formalerschließung und referierten über Voraussetzungen, Arbeitsvorhaben und Zeitfenster für den Umstieg. Außerdem wurden ausgewählte Aspekte des Formatumstiegs genauer betrachtet und ausführlich diskutiert.
-
Kaiser, M.; Lieder, H.J.; Majcen, K.; Vallant, H.: New ways of sharing and using authority information : the LEAF project (2003)
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- Abstract
- NACO was established in 1976 and is hosted by the Library of Congress. At the beginning of 2003, nearly 400 institutions were involved in this undertaking, including 43 institutions from outside the United States.6 Despite the enormous success of NACO and the impressive annual growth of the initiative, there are requirements for participation that form an obstacle for many institutions: they have to follow the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR2) and employ the MARC217 data format. Participating institutions also have to belong to either OCLC (Online Computer Library Center) or RLG (Research Libraries Group) in order to be able to contribute records, and they have to provide a specified minimum number of authority records per year. A recent proof of concept project of the Library of Congress, OCLC and the German National Library-Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)8-will, in its first phase, test automatic linking of the records of the Library of Congress Name Authority File (LCNAF) and the German Personal Name Authority File by using matching algorithms and software developed by OCLC. The results are expected to form the basis of a "Virtual International Authority File". The project will then test the maintenance of the virtual authority file by employing the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH)9 to harvest the metadata for new, updated, and deleted records. When using the "Virtual International Authority File" a cataloguer will be able to check the system to see whether the authority record he wants to establish already exists. The final phase of the project will test possibilities for displaying records in the preferred language and script of the end user. Currently, there are still some clear limitations associated with the ways in which authority records are used by memory institutions. One of the main problems has to do with limited access: generally only large institutions or those that are part of a library network have unlimited online access to permanently updated authority records. Smaller institutions outside these networks usually have to fall back on less efficient ways of obtaining authority data, or have no access at all. Cross-domain sharing of authority data between libraries, archives, museums and other memory institutions simply does not happen at present. Public users are, by and large, not even aware that such things as name authority records exist and are excluded from access to these information resources.
-
Ansorge, K.: Das was 2007 (2007)
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- Content
- Darin u.a: "Netzpublikationen - Die DNB hat mit Inkrafttreten des Gesetzes über die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek im Jahr 2006 den Auftrag der Sammlung, Erschließung, Verzeichnung und Archivierung von Netzpublikationen erhalten. Zum Sammelgebiet Netzpublikationen gehören alle Darstellungen in Schrift, Bild und Ton, die in öffentlichen Netzen zugänglich gemacht werden. Die Abgabepflicht umfasst sowohl Internetveröffentlichungen mit Entsprechungen zum Printbereich als auch webspezifische Medienwerke." "Kataloganreicherung - In Gesprächen mit dem Deutschen Bibliotheksverband und dem Börsenverein des Deutschen Buchhandels hatte sich die DNB bereiterklärt, die Rolle eines zentralen Dienstleisters bei der Verbreitung digitaler Zusatzinformationen zu bibliografischen Daten zu übernehmen. Für die Anreicherung der Daten der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie mit qualitativ hochwertigen Zusatzinformationen (recherchierbare PDF-Dokumente) konnten im Jahr 2007 die Weichen gestellt werden. Seit Jahresbeginn 2008 werden die Inhaltsverzeichnisse der jährlich rund 75.000 monografischen Neuerscheinungen des Verlagsbuchhandels gescannt und als ergänzende bibliografische Daten über das Internet und die Datendienste der DNB angeboten. Im Rahmen der bestehenden Kooperation mit der MVB Marketing- und Verlagsservice des Buchhandels GmbH werden zukünftig neben den Daten des VLB (Verzeichnis Lieferbarer Bücher) auch die entstehenden Zusatzinformationen ausgetauscht."
"Standardisierung - Auch 2007 ist die Arbeitsstelle für Standardisierung (AfS) auf dem Weg zur Internationalisierung der deutschen Regelwerke, Formate und Normdateien entscheidende Schritte vorangekommen. Im Mittelpunkt der Vorbereitungen für den Format-umstieg standen eine Konkordanz von MAB2 nach MARC 21 und die Festlegung neuer Felder, die für den Umstieg auf nationaler Ebene notwendig sind. Neben einer Vielzahl anderer Aktivitäten hat die DNB zwei Veranstaltungen zum Format-umstieg durchgeführt. In Zusammenarbeit mit den Expertengruppen des Standardisierungsausschusses wurden drei Stellungnahmen zu Entwürfen des Regelwerkes »Resource Description and Access (RDA)« erarbeitet; es fand eine Beteiligung an der internationalen Diskussion zu wichtigen Grundlagen statt. Der Erfüllung des Wunsches nach Einführung der Onlinekommunikation mit Normdateien ist die DNB im vergangenen Jahr deutlich nähergekommen: Änderungen an Normdaten sollen gleichzeitig in die zentral bei der DNB gehaltenen Dateien und in der Verbunddatenbank vollzogen werden. Seit Anfang September ist die erste Stufe der Onlinekommunikation im produktiven Einsatz: Die PND-Redaktionen in den Aleph-Verbünden arbeiten online zusammen. Das neue Verfahren wird sich auf alle bei der DNB geführten Normdaten erstrecken und in einem gestuften Verfahren eingeführt werden. Die DNB war in zahlreichen Standardisierungsgremien zur Weiterentwicklung von Metadatenstandards wie z.B. Dublin Core und ONIX (Online Information eXchange) sowie bei den Entwicklungsarbeiten für The European Library beteiligt. Die Projektarbeiten im Projekt KIM - Kompetenzzentrum Interoperable Metadaten wurden maßgeblich unterstützt. Im Rahmen der Arbeiten zum Gesetz über die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek wurde ein Metadatenkernset für die Übermittlung von Metadaten an die DNB entwickelt und in einer ersten Stufe mit einem ONIX-Mapping versehen. Innerhalb des Projektes »Virtual International Authority File - VIAF« entwickelten die Library of Congress (LoC), die DNB und OCLC - zunächst für Personennamen - gemeinsam eine virtuelle, internationale Normdatei, in der die Normdatensätze der nationalen Normdateien im Web frei zugänglich miteinander verbunden werden sollen. Die bisherigen Projektergebnisse haben die Machbarkeit einer internationalen Normdatei eindrucksvoll unter Beweis gestellt. Darum haben die Projektpartner in einem neuen Abkommen, das auch die Bibliothèque Nationale de France einschließt, im Oktober 2007 ihr Engagement für den VIAF nochmals bekräftigt und damit eine Konsolidierungs- und Erweiterungsphase eingeleitet."
"DDC-Deutsch - Bereits im Jahr 2006 wurde die Dewey-Dezimalklassifikation (DDC) für die inhaltliche Erschließung der in den Reihen B (Monografien und Periodika außerhalb des Verlagsbuchhandels) und H (Hochschulschriften) der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie angezeigten Publikationen eingeführt. Mit Heft 1/2007 hat die DDC auch in der Reihe A (Monografien und Periodika des Verlagsbuchhandels) Einzug gehalten. Die dort angezeigten Publikationen werden zusätzlich wie bisher vollständig mit RSWK Schlagwortketten erschlossen. Die DNB wird damit zum größten europäischen Lieferanten von Dewey-Notationen und nimmt nach der LoC weltweit die zweite Stelle ein. Durch die Integration der Daten der DNB in den WorldCat werden Sichtbarkeit und Nutzungsmöglichkeiten dieses Angebots auch über den deutschsprachigen Raum hinaus verbessert. Um den Informationsaustausch unter den europäischen DDC-Anwendern zu verbessern, europäische Belange in der Klassifikation stärker durchzusetzen und die Verbreitung in Europa gemeinsam mit OCLC zu koordinieren, wurde die EDUG (European DDC Users' Group) gegründet."
"CrissCross - Ende Januar 2006 startete das von der DNB und der Fachhochschule Köln gemeinsam betriebene und von der DFG geförderte Projekt CrissCross. Das Projekt soll ein multilinguales, thesaurusbasiertes und benutzergerechtes Recherchevokabular schaffen. Hierzu werden die Sachschlagwörter der Schlagwortnormdatei (SWD) mit den DDC-Notationen verbunden. Die Multilingualität wird durch die Verknüpfung mit ihren Äquivalenten in den beiden umfassenden Schlagwortnormdateien Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) und Rameau (Répertoire d'autorité-matière encyclopédique et alphabétique unifié) erreicht. Die im Rahmen des Projekts erarbeiteten Festlegungen zur methodischen Vorgehensweise bei der Verknüpfung der DDC mit den SWD-Sachschlagwörtern wurden weiter präzisiert und fortentwickelt. Für die zweite Komponente des Projekts, die Anreicherung der in der Datenbank des MACS-Projekts vorliegenden Verbindungen zwischen LCSH und Rameau um den äquivalenten SWD-Terminus, wurde eine Vervollständigung und eine Verbesserung der Datenbasis erreicht und Tests der Verlinkung durchgeführt."
"DDC-vascoda - Das Projekt DDC-vascoda wurde 2007 abgeschlossen. Für den Sucheinstieg bei vascoda wurde bislang nur eine Freitextsuche über alle Felder oder eine Expertensuche, bei der die Freitextsuche mit den formalen Kriterien Autor, Titel und (Erscheinungs-)Jahr kombiniert werden kann, angeboten. Die Suche konnte zwar auf einzelne Fächer oder Fachzugänge beschränkt werden, ein sachlicher Zugang zu der Information fehlt jedoch. Vascoda verwendete die Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) als einheitliches Klassifikationsinstrument. Ziel des Projektes DDC-vascoda war es, über diese Klassifikation einen komfortablen und einheitlichen sachlichen Zugang als Einstieg in das Gesamtangebot einzurichten. Weiterhin wurde ein HTML-Dienst entwickelt, der es Fachportalen und anderen Datenanbietern ermöglicht, ohne großen Programmieraufwand ein DDC-Browsing über die eigenen Daten bereitzustellen."
-
El-Sherbini, M.A.: Cataloging and classification : review of the literature 2005-06 (2008)
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- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
- Theme
- Katalogfragen allgemein
-
Carini, P.; Shepherd, K.: ¬The MARC standard and encoded archival description (2004)
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- Date
- 9.12.2005 19:29:32
- Source
- Library hi tech. 22(2004) no.1, S.18-27
-
Coyle, K.: Future considerations : the functional library systems record (2004)
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- Date
- 9.12.2005 19:21:29
- Source
- Library hi tech. 22(2004) no.2, S.166-174
-
MARC and metadata : METS, MODS, and MARCXML: current and future implications (2004)
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- Library hi tech. 22(2004) no.1
-
MARC and metadata : METS, MODS, and MARCXML: current and future implications (2004)
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- Library hi tech. 22(2004) no.1
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MARC and metadata : METS, MODS, and MARCXML: current and future implications part 2 (2004)
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- Library hi tech. 22(2004) no.2
-
Tennant, R.: ¬A bibliographic metadata infrastructure for the twenty-first century (2004)
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- Date
- 9.12.2005 19:22:38
- Source
- Library hi tech. 22(2004) no.2, S.175-181
