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Stonier, T.: Beyond information : the natural history of intelligence (1992)
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- Date
- 29. 7.2002 10:23:29
-
Meadow, C.T.: Ink into bits : a Web of converging media (1998)
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-
Pirolli, P.: Information foraging theory : adaptive interaction with information (2007)
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- Abstract
- Although much of the hubris and hyperbole surrounding the 1990's Internet has softened to a reasonable level, the inexorable momentum of information growth continues unabated. This wealth of information provides resources for adapting to the problems posed by our increasingly complex world, but the simple availability of more information does not guarantee its successful transformation into valuable knowledge that shapes, guides, and improves our activity. When faced with something like the analysis of sense-making behavior on the web, traditional research models tell us a lot about learning and performance with browser operations, but very little about how people will actively navigate and search through information structures, what information they will choose to consume, and what conceptual models they will induce about the landscape of cyberspace. Thus, it is fortunate that a new field of research, Adaptive Information Interaction (AII), is becoming possible. AII centers on the problems of understanding and improving human-information interaction. It is about how people will best shape themselves to their information environments, and how information environments can best be shaped to people. Its roots lie in human-computer interaction (HCI), information retrieval, and the behavioral and social sciences. This book is about Information Foraging Theory (IFT), a new theory in Adaptive Information Interaction that is one example of a recent flourish of theories in adaptationist psychology that draw upon evolutionary-ecological theory in biology. IFT assumes that people (indeed, all organisms) are ecologically rational, and that human information-seeking mechanisms and strategies adapt the structure of the information environments in which they operate. Its main aim is to create technology that is better shaped to users. Information Foraging Theory will be of interest to student and professional researchers in HCI and cognitive psychology.
- Content
- Inhalt: 1. Information Foraging Theory: Framework and Method 2. Elementary Foraging Models 3. The Ecology of Information Foraging on the World Wide Web 4. Rational Analyses of Information Scent and Web Foraging 5. A Cognitive Model of Information Foraging on the Web 6. A Rational Analysis and Computational Cognitive Model of the Scatter/Gather Document Cluster Browser 7. Stochastic Models of Information Foraging by Information Scent 8. Social Information Foraging 9. Design Heuristics, Engineering Models, and Applications 10. Future Directions: Upward, Downward, Inward, and Outward
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Stonier, T.: Information and the internal structure of the universe : an exploration into information physics (1990)
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- Date
- 29. 7.2002 10:20:48
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Lindholm-Romantschuk, Y.: Scholarly book reviewing in the social sciences and humanities : the flow of ides within and among disciplines (1998)
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- Date
- 29. 3.1996 18:19:32
-
¬The mathematical theory of information (2002)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: Mathematical Intelligencer 29(2007) no.1, S.64-65 (C.S. Calude)
-
Martin, W.J.: ¬The information society (1995)
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- Date
- 15. 7.2002 14:22:55
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Crowe, M.; Beeby, R.; Gammack, J.: Constructing systems and information : a process view (1996)
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- Date
- 25.12.2001 13:22:30
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Meadows, J.: Understanding information (2001)
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- Date
- 15. 6.2002 19:22:01
-
Stonier, T.: Information and meaning : an evolutionary perspective (1997)
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- Date
- 29. 7.2002 12:14:39
-
Andretta, S.: Information literacy : a practitioner's guide (2004)
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- Abstract
- This book explores two main models of Information Literacy or IL: the SCONUL (Society of College, National and University Libraries) Seven Pillars of Information Skills and the IL competencies identified by the ALA (American Library Association). Practical examples for the development of IL skills identified by these models are illustrated using printed and web-based resources. The process of integrating IL provision within a programme of study is outlined to illustrate two strategies underpinning this integration at generic-skills level, the 'plug & play' approach, and at subject-specific level, the 'research skills approach'. A range of diagnostic and assessment methods, to monitor the iterative process of IL skills development, are also included.
- Content
- Key Features - Explores practical applications of two major IL models - Explores strategies to integrate IL provision in a multi-disciplinary environment - Offers a range of learning and evaluation strategies appropriate for, as well as resources associated with, IL provision - Provides a gateway to generic and subject specific IL resources by complementing the publication with web-based access to an online collection relevant to Information Research and a range of web-based tutorials (existing and customised) to develop IL skills for online environments Readership Information practitioners operating in teaching as well as library support roles who are interested, or required, to develop IL. Academics in management positions responsible for the implementation of learning and teaching strategies. Contents Introduction From user education to IL: national and international perspectives - technological advancements and access to information; changes in higher education institutions: the student-centred learning approach; information practitioner as facilitator ('Sage an the stage vs. Guide an the side') IL models - SCONUUs Seven Pillars of Information Skills principles of progressions and iteration; ALA/ALRC: information competency standards for higher education (principle of self-directed learning); comparative analysis of the two models Practical applications of IL - provision through the level of competence: the plug & play approach (assessing IL skills); provision through integration by subject: the research skills approach; IL and pedagogy (studentcentred learning; transferability of skills) Challenges - IL and the 'what do I do now?' Syndrome; design and resource implications of IL provision
-
Gleick, J.: ¬Die Information : Geschichte, Theorie, Flut (2011)
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- Date
- 29. 5.2012 10:33:14
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Information and living systems : philosophical and scientific perspectives (2011)
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- Date
- 29. 3.1996 18:16:49
-
Ingwersen, P.; Järvelin, K.: ¬The turn : integration of information seeking and retrieval in context (2005)
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- Footnote
- - Kapitel fünf enthält einen entsprechenden Überblick über die kognitive und benutzerorientierte IR-Tradition. Es zeigt, welche anderen (als nur die labororientierten) IR-Studien durchgeführt werden können, wobei sich die Betrachtung von frühen Modellen (z.B. Taylor) über Belkins ASK-Konzept bis zu Ingwersens Modell der Polyrepräsentation, und von Bates Berrypicking-Ansatz bis zu Vakkaris "taskbased" IR-Modell erstreckt. Auch Web-IR, OKAPI und Diskussionen zum Relevanzbegriff werden hier thematisiert. - Im folgenden Kapitel schlagen die Autoren ein integriertes IS&R Forschungsmodell vor, bei dem die vielfältigen Beziehungen zwischen Informationssuchenden, Systementwicklern, Oberflächen und anderen beteiligten Aspekten berücksichtigt werden. Ihr Ansatz vereint die traditionelle Laborforschung mit verschiedenen benutzerorientierten Traditionen aus IS&R, insbesondere mit den empirischen Ansätzen zu IS und zum interaktiven IR, in einem holistischen kognitiven Modell. - Kapitel sieben untersucht die Implikationen dieses Modells für IS&R, wobei besonders ins Auge fällt, wie komplex die Anfragen von Informationssuchenden im Vergleich mit der relativen Einfachheit der Algorithmen zum Auffinden relevanter Dokumente sind. Die Abbildung der vielfältig variierenden kognitiven Zustände der Anfragesteller im Rahmen der der Systementwicklung ist sicherlich keine triviale Aufgabe. Wie dabei das Problem der Einbeziehung des zentralen Aspektes der Bedeutung gelöst werden kann, sei dahingestellt. - Im achten Kapitel wird der Versuch unternommen, die zuvor diskutierten Punkte in ein IS&R-Forschungsprogramm (Prozesse - Verhalten - Systemfunktionalität - Performanz) umzusetzen, wobei auch einige kritische Anmerkungen zur bisherigen Forschungspraxis getroffen werden. - Das abschliessende neunte Kapitel fasst das Buch kurz zusammen und kann somit auch als Einstieg in dieThematik gelesen werden. Darauffolgen noch ein sehr nützliches Glossar zu allen wichtigen Begriffen, die in dem Buch Verwendung finden, eine Bibliographie und ein Sachregister. Ingwersen und Järvelin haben hier ein sehr anspruchsvolles und dennoch lesbares Buch vorgelegt. Die gebotenen Übersichtskapitel und Diskussionen sind zwar keine Einführung in die Informationswissenschaft, decken aber einen grossen Teil der heute in dieser Disziplin aktuellen und durch laufende Forschungsaktivitäten und Publikationen berührten Teilbereiche ab. Man könnte es auch - vielleicht ein wenig überspitzt - so formulieren: Was hier thematisiert wird, ist eigentlich die moderne Informationswissenschaft. Der Versuch, die beiden Forschungstraditionen zu vereinen, wird diesem Werk sicherlich einen Platz in der Geschichte der Disziplin sichern. Nicht ganz glücklich erscheint der Titel des Buches. "The Turn" soll eine Wende bedeuten, nämlich jene hin zu einer integrierten Sicht von IS und IR. Das geht vermutlich aus dem Untertitel besser hervor, doch dieser erschien den Autoren wohl zu trocken. Schade, denn "The Turn" gibt es z.B. in unserem Verbundkatalog bereits, allerdings mit dem Zusatz "from the Cold War to a new era; the United States and the Soviet Union 1983-1990". Der Verlag, der abgesehen davon ein gediegenes (wenn auch nicht gerade wohlfeiles) Produkt vorgelegt hat, hätte derlei unscharfe Duplizierend besser verhindert. Ungeachtet dessen empfehle ich dieses wichtige Buch ohne Vorbehalt zur Anschaffung; es sollte in keiner grösseren Bibliothek fehlen."
