Search (55 results, page 1 of 3)

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Abstract

The international conflicts within an organization may hinder the successful design and set up of a WWW site. Looks at the 3 most common routes that an organization may take to get on the Web, and presents guidelines for how to overcome the organizational politics that get in the way

Date

22. 1.1999 18:41:46

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Abstract

The MEMOIR project supports researchers working with a vast quantity of distributed information, by assisting them in finding both relevant documents and researchers with related interests. It is an open architecture based on the existing Web infrastructure. Key to the architecture is the use of proxies: to support message routing for dynamic reconfiguration and extension of the system, to collect information about the trail of documents that a user visits, and to insert links on the fly. Presents the MEMOIR framework and its rationale, and discusses early experiences with the system

Date

1. 8.1996 22:08:06

Footnote

Contribution to a special issue devoted to the Proceedings of the 7th International World Wide Web Conference, held 14-18 April 1998, Brisbane, Australia

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Abstract

As interest in the study of complex systems has grown, a new vocabulary is emerging to describe discoveries about wide-ranging and fundamental phenomena. Complexity theory research has allowed for new insights into many phenomena and for the development of a new language. 'his paper argues that a shared language based an the vocabulary of complexity can have an important role in a management context. The use of complexity theory metaphors can change the way managers think about the problems they face. Instead of competing in a game or a war, they are trying to find their way an an ever changing, ever turbulent landscape. Such a conception of their organizations' basic task can, in cum, change the day-to-day decisions made by management. If part of the problem of knowledge management is the need to identify value added knowledge, language and metaphor play a key role - for they are the very tools of the identification [what is knowledge] and ascription [what makes it value-added] process. Complexity theory metaphors, it is argued, are not panaceas. There are limits to the types of organizations where the notion of a "fitness landscape" and "degree of coupling" can make a positive contribution to managements understanding of the world. The author argues that one potential distinction - between worlds where complexity metaphors can contribute and those where they cannot - can be drawn by measuring the degree to which an organization perceives that value-added investments are to be made in a) the development of new knowledge or b) infrastructure. In this context, infrastructure is defined as those items to which an economist might (once such investment is made) ascribe the label "sunk costs", but which management would not willingly walk away from. For this purpose then, emotional investments, legacy systems, existing bureaucracy, and material goods could all constitute "infrastructure". Infrastructure investments it is argued are pari of what Brian Arthur of the Sante Fe Institute defines as the world of diminishing retums. Investments in knowledge are different. While the ability of an organization to effectively deal wich new knowledge is limited by a variety of constraints, the leverage which can be obtained from such knowledge gives rise to the potential for increasing retums. As organizations leam to remove some of the constraints an their ability to absorb and lever new information, they force themselves down to the increasing retums part of the "S" curve. Several case studies are presented to illustrate the potency of complexity metaphors in driving managerial perceptions of knowledge management businesses.

Source

Knowledge management: organization competence and methodolgy. Proceedings of the Fourth International ISMICK Symposium, 21-22 October 1996, Netherlands. Ed.: J.F. Schreinemakers

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Abstract

The Intranet has been hailed as the solution to organizational technology issues as far reaching as faster information systems development, access to legacy system data, integration of incompatible systems, and progress toward the "paperless office." Moreover, intranets enable work-flow management and project management and are a platform for process redesign. Yet possibly the most far-reaching impact of the Intranet is an organizational knowledge. Intranets are providing institutions and organizations with opportunities to create knowledge. A large proportion of the pioneers are high-technology companies making use of intranets for knowledge-intensive new product development. Intranets enable community expertise to develop, as engineers brainstorm and give each other feedback in discussion groups and share product specifications and product test result queries. The scope of interest in intranets is evidenced by diverse articles and applications in the medical, legal, engineering, training, travel, technical, computer-related, and manufacturing industries. Although some definitions restrict intranets to internal information an internal webs accessed exclusively by internal users, in this article, we adopt a broader definition that includes customers and suppliers in the extended enterprise [also called an "Extranet"] and industrywide applications. Thus, an intranet is a "powerful tool for institution-wide communications, collaborative projects, and the establishment of a sense of community an a manageable scale". Despite the fact that many organizations have adopted the Intranet with great enthusiasm and there has been an avalanche of Web and journalistic articles an the Intranet since the end of 1995, theoretical research has been lacking. Evidence of the business value of the Intranet has been convincing but largely anecdotal. In addition, negative reports have surfaced an hidden costs, performance limitations, and organizational resistance. Such issues have been researched with political theories that explain how some constituents gain and others lose when there is organizational change associated with information technology (IT) implementation. Organizational learning theories also explain such contradictions by examining what affects the creation, integration, and management of knowledge and the facilitation of organizational memory. For example, the theory of organizational knowledge creation posits that autonomy, intention, redundancy, fluctuation and creative chaos, and requisite variety are conditions that induce the transfer of tacit and explicit knowledge in a spiral from individual to group, to organization levels. The findings from this analysis of reported implementations of intranets generate a theoretically based model relating organizational kowledge to the Intranet phenomenon. We extend the inductive concepts by analyzing example of enabling conditions and organizational knowledge creation modes an intranets, using Nonaka's theory of organizational knowledge creation as a guide. Our contribution is to develop a theoretical understanding of the Intranet phenomenon, with an initial framework to guide further conceptual and empirical research an the impacts and business value of the Intranet and to present implications for information systems (IS) developers, IS departments, management, and researchers.

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Abstract

Discusses electronic information and organizational development, in particular that of competing companies in the commercial world. Explores the policy and managerial changes that will be needed to make full use of electronic information. Notes a number of new categories of electronic information of relevance to companies, and raises wide ranging issues of quality which will be increasingly pertinent, e.g. efficiency may require simpler and slower access to information, rather than faster and fuller. Information and information technology has to be worked into the internal political processes of companies. Concludes by noting a number of hindrances to this reengineering of companies, e.g. the way downsizing leads to demotivation

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Abstract

Expresses the belief that a generally acceptable comprehensive information model of the organization is essential to the development of both practice and research in information management. Points the way towards such a model and outlines the general criteria it should meet. A wide ranging, eclectic approach is essential because several disciplines other than library and information science have important contributions to make. Concentrates on the following key disciplines: organization science; cognitive psychology; and management information systems

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Abstract

Concentrates on the use of Intranet technology to further the goals and ideals og knowledge management in a law firm. Emphasises the need for research on the implementation of corporate Intranets and defines concepts commonly used when dealing with knowledge management and collaborative technology. discusses the benefits and disadvantages of proprietary collaborative technology and the potential of Intranets to enable enterprise-wide transformation

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Abstract

A new conception of knowledge and knowledge dynamics is introduced. lt provides a three-dimensional model of knowledge with types, kinds and qualities. Built on this knowledge conception knowledge dynamics is modeled with the help of general knowledge conversions between knowledge assets. Here knowledge dynamics is understood to cover all of acquisition, conversion, transfer development and usage of knowledge. Through this conception we gain a sound basis for knowledge management and development in an enterprise. Especially the type dimension of knowledge, which categorizes it according to its internality and externality with respect to the human being, is crucial knowledge management, because knowledge should be made available by converting it to more external types. Several areas of applicability for this conception are discussed. First a approach to knowledge-intensive business processes in an enterprise is described, be it human-driven, knowledge-driven or task-driven processes. As an example for this approach, a model of the creative activity for the renewal planning of a product is given. Second, from a more company-wide company-wide and resource- oriented perspective, the various knowledge transformations between the different intellectual capital domains of an enterprise can be modeled with this approach. Other areas of applicability of the new conception are shortly addressed and include educational and organisational psychology.

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Abstract

A short personal view on the development of the Internet phenomenon is given. It is argued that the Internet is a powerful paradigm of change and community building. Changes which enable the learning organization are of particular interest. This is investigated in the context of corporate training using, or learning from, the Internet. Next, capabilities and rigidities of the net as a knowledge management tool rather than yet another way to distribute unwanted information, are listed. Finally, the important lessons learnt from the success of the Internet are linked to the future of marketing the Internet world wide

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Abstract

Many US companies are looking to business processing reengineering (BPR) - a process of redesign that is dramatic, company-wide, and often information technology oriented - in order to compete in the global marketplace. Given the scope and importance of BPR work, it is critical that there should be some objective measures applied to determining which possible changes shouldbe made in business' processes. Computer simulation technology is well suited to this design assessment role. Use of simulation, entails varieties of data collection that go beyond the information generally gathered in a BPR analysis. Once in use, simulation models encourage a culture of measurement that supports continuous process improvement. Recommends explicit attention to and management of the modelling tasks: data collection and organization; simulation of component designs, and integration of component simulation results

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Date

29.11.1999 12:18:22

Source

International Herald Tribune. 15. Nov. 1999, S.22

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Abstract

The mission of the Information Services Department at Microsoft is to link users with information services and resources that facilitate Microsoft's product development, sales and support. This paper ia a discussion of how that mission is fulfilled by integrating Microsoft products, leveraging off of company product development and developing new information delivery systems to satisfy the individual information needs of employees world wide. Information Services is integrating its own products into the business of information retrieval and delivery. Included in the discussion is a description of the processing of an information request, beginning with how the employee makes the request, continuing with the routing of the request to the proper party within Information Services, the information retrieval procedure and the delivery mechanism utilized to present the completed information request to the employee. Using the company profile as an example, the steps in the process are reviewed, including generation of the request via electronic form, searching via communications software and networked CD-ROMs, downloading results and reformatting using various Microsoft Word macros and delivering the profile via an object package in Microsoft Mail over the corporate network. Future plans for information tools and workflow changes are also discussed

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Date

8. 3.1997 13:34:22

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Abstract

The Gale Group (formerly Information Access company) have announced KnowledgeManager, an advanced WWW based workgroup research system that automates the day to day tasks of gathering competitive business intelligence from the Internet. The Gale Group is also integrating Aeneid Web components into its ComputerSelect product to provide industry specific Internet search capabilities. The new product, ComputerSelect Web (CSWeb), provides users with an easy and accurate way of collecting Web content in addition to the highly focused information provided by ComputerSelect

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Abstract

For senior executives, the ability to work with large quantities of information - sorting the wheat from the chaff- has long been recognised as a key determinant of achievement. What an executive believes to be important information can have a significant influence on what they think and how they think about it. Senior executives, because of their critical leadership role, are challenged in their daily lives to develop effective ways of acquiring, using and sharing important information. Some executives are undoubtedly better than others in how they handle such information and there is a high level of interest in identifying those information behavior characteristics that lead to executive excellence (Davenport & Prusak, 1998). Because of their position within organizations, CEOs - those senior executives who have overall responsibility for the management of the organization or business unit - are particularly concerned with enhancing their information behavior. CEOs have the task of managing the organization so that it achieves its strategic goals and objectives. And a critical part of this task is becoming highly effective in managing a wide range of information and in developing skills of influence and decision making. It is therefore important for us to understand how senior executives handle information on a day-to-day basis. What information do they consider important? And why? Several studies have sought to address these questions with varying degrees of success. Some have set out to better understand what type of information senior executives need (McLeod & Jones, 1987) while other studies have attempted to provide a comprehensive theoretical base for executive work (Mintzberg, 1968; 1973; 1975). Yet other work has tried to devise various tools and methodologies for eliciting the unique information requirements of individual executives (Rockart, 1979).

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Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to focus on knowledge management implementation from an organisational culture perspective and analyse the relationship between knowledge and power within this context. It outlines the reasons why knowledge is a power resource, and proposes that, as such, it can only be managed successfully within the framework of an effective and legitimate use of all organisational power resources. The paper looks at the factors that constitute a legitimate use of power in the Western organisational context of the twenty-first century which in turn engenders the development of trust within employment relationships. The development of trust ensures that knowledge is used to further the achievement of organisational goals. Finally, the paper addresses the ways in which effective knowledge management practice contributes to this desired state, and outlines the role of the knowledge manager in facilitating this. Design/methodology/approach - The method adopted is a literature-based analysis of the main issues covered. These include: the development of the knowledge society and attendant theories around optimal organisational structures, the relationship between knowledge and power, the development of legitimate authority within organisations, and how this impacts on the creation of trust, and finally the impact which the presence of trust has on knowledge-sharing behaviours within the organisation. Findings - Pulling together evidence from across a wide range of academic disciplines leads to the conclusion that the successful management of the relationship between access to knowledge and access to power must be framed within an overall organisational context, in which all power resources are seen to be exercised in a legitimate manner. In this context, knowledge is no longer regarded as a personal power resource, but rather as a communal resource which will then be more likely to be shared freely in order to facilitate the joint and mutually beneficial achievement of organisational goals. Underpinning this organisational dynamic is an environment of trust. Originality/value - The paper provides a summary of the literature around pivotal aspects of the question of the relationship between access to knowledge and the perception of knowledge as a source of power in the organisational context. It pulls together a range of material looking at the needs of the knowledge economy and at issues around the development of legitimate authority and the development of trust in the organisational context. It then relates this back to the successful development of a knowledge-sharing culture, and outlines the role of the knowledge manager in working with employees at all levels in the organisation in developing an optimal culture for knowledge creation and sharing.

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Source

Knowledge management: organization competence and methodolgy. Proceedings of the Fourth International ISMICK Symposium, 21-22 October 1996, Netherlands. Ed.: J.F. Schreinemakers

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Date

12. 8.2002 13:22:13

Source

Knowledge management: organization competence and methodolgy. Proceedings of the Fourth International ISMICK Symposium, 21-22 October 1996, Netherlands. Ed.: J.F. Schreinemakers

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Pages

S.7-22