-
Wissenschaftskommunikation im Netzwerk der Bibliotheken : Scholarly Communication in Libraries-Networking (2005)
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- Abstract
- Scholarly Communication / Wissenschaftskommunikation bezeichnet veränderte Kommunikationswege in der Wissenschaft, die zukünftig die Arbeit der Bibliotheken beeinflussen werden: Bibliotheken wandeln sich heute zunehmend zu Netzwerken, die mit allen Wissensgebieten kommunizieren und auf die von allen Institutionen zugegriffen werden kann. Das Buch beschreibt Beispiele aus Deutschland und den USA in der bibliothekarischen Wissenschaftskommunikation: Diese reichen u.a. von praktischen Beispielen der Kommunikation auf dem Campus, über moderne Theorien zum Einfluss des Internet auf die Forschung bis hin zum Projekt des Aufbaus einer Webbibliothek und zur Diskussion um Alternativen zur Preisentwicklung fachspezifischer Zeitschriften. Die enge Verbindung von Theorie und Praxis zeigt die große Vielfalt einer sich verändernden informationellen Umwelt für die Bibliothek.
- Date
- 16. 7.2005 20:31:05
-
Theories of information behavior (2005)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: Mitt. VÖB 59(2006) H.3, S.90-93 (O. Oberhauser): "What a marvellous book! [dies vorwegnehmend als Quintessenz der folgenden Rezension und auch für den englischsprachigen Verlag gedacht]. Den drei Herausgeberinnen, die an den Universitäten von Washington (Seattle, WA), Missouri (Columbia, MO) und Western Ontario (London, Kanada) lehren, ist das seltene Kunststück geglückt, einen Band zu erstellen, der nicht nur als mustergültige Einführung in die Thematik human information behaviour zu dienen vermag, sondern gleichzeitig auch als Nachschlagewerk zu den vielfältigen theoretischen Ansätzen innerhalb dieser bedeutenden Teildisziplin der Informationswissenschaft herangezogen werden kann. Wie sie selbst in der Danksagung feststellen, ist das Buch "a collaborative work of the information behavior community" (S. xvii), wobei die editorische Leistung vor allem darin lag, 85 Beitragende aus zehn Ländern zu koordinieren bzw. zur Abfassung von 72 Artikeln von jeweils ähnlicher Länge (bzw. Knappheit und Kürze), Gestaltung und Lesbarkeit zu veranlassen. Unter diesen 85 Beitragenden ist im übrigen alles versammelt, was in dieser Teildisziplin Rang und Namen hat, mit Ausnahme der leider bereits verstorbenen Soziologin Elfreda A. Chatman, einer der einflussreichsten Theoretikerinnen im Bereich des Informationsverhaltens, deren Andenken das Buch auch gewidmet ist.
Im Gegensatz zur früher üblichen Praxis, Informationsverhalten auf die Aktivitäten der Informationssuche zu beschränken, folgt man heute Tom Wilsons Definition, wonach es sich dabei um "the totality of human behaviour in relation to sources and channels of information, including both active and passive information-seeking, and information use" handelt, bzw. jener von Karen Pettigrew [nunmehr Fisher] et al., "how people need, seek, give and use information in different contexts". Im Laufe der letzten Jahre, ja schon Jahrzehnte, hat sich dazu ein fast nicht mehr überschaubarer Bestand an Literatur angesammelt, der sich sowohl aus theoretischen bzw. theoretisierenden, als auch aus auch praktischen bzw. empirischen Arbeiten zusammensetzt. Einige wenige dieser theoretischen Ansätze haben weite Verbreitung gefunden, werden in Studiengängen der Informationswissenschaft gelehrt und tauchen in der laufend veröffentlichten Literatur immer wieder als Basis für empirische Untersuchungen oder modifizierende Weiterentwicklungen auf. Das Buch beginnt mit drei Grundsatzartikeln, die von herausragenden Vertretern des gegenständlichen Themenbereichs verfasst wurden. Im ersten und längsten dieser Beiträge, An Introduction to Metatheories, Theories and Models (S. 1-24), gibt Marcia J. Bates (Los Angeles, CA), zunächst eine wissenschaftstheoretische Einführung zu den drei im Titel genannten Begriffen, nicht ohne darauf hinzuweisen, dass der Großteil der theoretisierenden Ansätze in unserer Disziplin erst dem Modellstadium angehört. Am Beispiel des Principle of Least Effort zeigt sie, dass selbst für diesen am besten abgesicherten Befund der Forschung zum Informationsverhalten, keine ausreichende theoretische Begründung existiert. In der Folge versucht Bates, die in der Informationswissenschaft gängigen Metatheorien zu identifizieren und gelangt dabei zu der folgenden Kategorisierung, die auch als Bezugsrahmen für die Einordnung der zahlreichen in diesem Buch dargestellten Modelle dienen kann:
1. historisch (die Gegenwart aus der Vergangheit heraus verstehen) 2. konstruktivistisch (Individuen konstruieren unter dem Einfluss ihres sozialen Kontexts das Verständnis ihrer Welten) 3. diskursanalytisch (Sprache konstituiert die Konstruktion der Identität und die Ausbildung von Bedeutungen) 4. philosophisch-analytisch (rigorose Analyse von Begriffen und Thesen) 5. kritische Theorie (Analyse versteckter Macht- und Herrschaftsmuster) 6. ethnographisch (Verständnis von Menschen durch Hineinversetzen in deren Kulturen) 7. sozialkognitiv (sowohl das Denken des Individuums als auch dessen sozialer bzw. fachlicher Umraum beeinflussen die Informationsnutzung) 8. kognitiv (Fokus auf das Denken der Individuen im Zusammenhang mit Suche, Auffindung und Nutzung von Information) 9. bibliometrisch (statistische Eigenschaften von Information) 10. physikalisch (Signalübertragung, Informationstheorie) 11. technisch (Informationsbedürfnisse durch immer bessere Systeme und Dienste erfüllen) 12. benutzerorientierte Gestaltung ("usability", Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion) 13. evolutionär (Anwendung von Ergebnissen von Biologie und Evolutionspsychologie auf informationsbezogene Phänomene). Bates Beitrag ist, wie stets, wohldurchdacht, didaktisch gut aufbereitet und in klarer Sprache abgefasst, sodass man ihn mit Freude und Gewinn liest. Zu letzterem trägt auch noch die umfangreiche Liste von Literaturangaben bei, mit der sich insbesondere die 13 genannten Metatheorien optimal weiterverfolgen lassen. . . .
Zusammenfassend möchte ich folgende Behauptung wagen: Wer dieses Buch gründlich studiert (und natürlich auch die zahlreichen Literaturhinweise verfolgt), kennt mehr oder weniger alles, was es zum Themenbereich Informationsverhalten - als Teildisziplin der Informationswissenschaft - zu wissen gibt. Kann man über ein Buch noch etwas Besseres sagen? Und kann man voraussehen, welche neuen metatheoretischen Ansätze mit einer solchen Gesamtschau noch gefunden können und werden? In formaler Hinsicht bietet der Verlag Information Today mit dem vorliegenden Buch einen ansprechend gestalteten Hardcover-Band ohne größere Mängel und mit einem dem Gebotenen angemessenen Preis. Von dem fast 30 Seiten langen kombinierten Namens- und Sachregister könnten manche europäischen Verlage - die diesbezüglich eher auf Einsparung setzen oder wenig professionelle Register anbieten - lernen, wie man derlei macht. Als fehlend könnte man vielleicht einen Anhang mit den Kurzbiographien aller Beitragenden empfinden, doch mag es verständlich erscheinen, dass dies angesichts deren großer Zahl auf eine Vorstellung der drei Herausgeberinnen beschränkt wurde. Nicht gefallen hat mir der wenig konsistente Zitierstil bei den bibliographischen Angaben, einschließlich der Mode, beim Zitieren von Zeitschriftenaufsätzen vorgeblich redundante Heftangaben wegzulassen. Über die Exaltation der dritten Herausgeberin, ihrem Vornamen (auch auf dem Titelblatt!) noch den Klammerausdruck "(E. F.)" hinzuzufügen, sei rasch der Mantel des Schweigens gebreitet. In Summe daher, wie schon eingangs festgestellt wurde, ein vorzügliches und sehr empfehlenswertes Buch."
-
British librarianship and information work : 1991-2000 (2006)
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- RSWK
- Großbritannien / Bibliothek / Geschichte 1991-2000 / Aufsatzsammlung
Großbritannien / Bibliothekswissenschaft / Geschichte 1991-2000 / Aufsatzsammlung
- Subject
- Großbritannien / Bibliothek / Geschichte 1991-2000 / Aufsatzsammlung
Großbritannien / Bibliothekswissenschaft / Geschichte 1991-2000 / Aufsatzsammlung
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British librarianship and information work : 2001-2005 (2007)
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Großbritannien / Bibliothekswissenschaft / Geschichte 2001-2005 / Aufsatzsammlung
-
Covert and overt : recollecting and connecting intelligence service and information science (2005)
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- Classification
- 327.12 22
- DDC
- 327.12 22
- RSWK
- Geheimdienst / Aufsatzsammlung / Geschichte
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-
Libraries and information service today : the yearly chronicle (1991)
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- Content
- Nachfolger von: 'The ALA yearbook' (1976-1983) und 'The ALA yearbook of library and information services (1983-1990)
-
¬The future of information services (1995)
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- Content
- Auch als: Journal of library administration 20(1995) nos.3/4
- Date
- 1.12.1995 19:55:22
-
British librarianship and information work : 1986-1990 (1993)
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- RSWK
- Großbritannien / Information und Dokumentation / Bibliothek
- Subject
- Großbritannien / Information und Dokumentation / Bibliothek
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Electronic public information / one-stop shops / kiosks (1996)
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- Date
- 10. 3.1997 20:38:46
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Philosophy of reference service (1998)
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- Date
- 14.11.1998 20:21:43
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Information brokers and reference services (1989)
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- Series
- Reference librarian; no.22
-
International yearbook of library and information management : 2001/2002 information services in an electronic environment (2001)
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- Date
- 25. 3.2003 13:22:23
-
Research in reference effectiveness : proceedings of a preconference sponsored by the Research and Statistics Committee, Management and Operation of Public Services Section, Reference and Adult Services Division, American Library Association, San Francisco, California, June 26, 1992 (1993)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: Journal of academic librarianship 20(1994) no.1, S.55
-
Rethinking reference in academic libraries : the proceedings and process of Library Solutions Institute No.2, University of California, Berkeley, March 12-14, 1993; Duke University, June 4-6, 1993 (1993)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: Journal of academic librarianship 20(1994) no.1, S.55
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¬The reference assessment manual (1995)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: College and research libraries. 57(1996) no.3, S.307-308 (M. Crist); Journal of academic librarianship 22(1996) no.4, S.314 (D. Ettinger)
-
Information culture and business performance : prepared for the British Library by HERTIS Information and Research and incorporating additional papers to reflect the international dimension (1995)
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- Date
- 28. 1.1996 18:20:01
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Reference sources on the Internet : off the shelf and onto the Web (1997)
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- Date
- 20. 2.1999 17:05:51
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Achieving cultural change in networked libraries (2000)
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- Date
- 9. 3.1997 20:48:29
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¬The knowledge economy : the nature of information in the 21st century (1993)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in Journal of academic librarianship 20(1994) no.1, S.42
-
Essays on the library of the twenty-first century : Libraries and the future (1993)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: Journal of academic librarianship 20(1994) no.1, S.42; Library journal 119(1994) no.5, S.106 (D. Rowan)
