-
Nawe, J.: How significant is nonverbal communication in the reference interview? : An overview (1989)
0.02
0.023731515 = product of:
0.071194544 = sum of:
0.071194544 = sum of:
0.0118366135 = weight(_text_:of in 4054) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0118366135 = score(doc=4054,freq=2.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.17277241 = fieldWeight in 4054, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4054)
0.059357934 = weight(_text_:22 in 4054) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.059357934 = score(doc=4054,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.38690117 = fieldWeight in 4054, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4054)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Considers the part played by nonverbal communication in a librarian's ability to develop expertise in the librarian-user interface of a reference work interview. Special attention is directed to gestures and facial expressions.
- Source
- Maktaba. 11(1989), no.1, S.19-22
-
Nicholas, D.: Assessing information needs : tools and techniques (1996)
0.02
0.023731515 = product of:
0.071194544 = sum of:
0.071194544 = sum of:
0.0118366135 = weight(_text_:of in 5941) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0118366135 = score(doc=5941,freq=2.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.17277241 = fieldWeight in 5941, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5941)
0.059357934 = weight(_text_:22 in 5941) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.059357934 = score(doc=5941,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.38690117 = fieldWeight in 5941, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5941)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Date
- 26. 2.2008 19:22:51
- Footnote
- Rez. in: Assignation. 14(1997) no.2, S.24 (S. Vogel); Journal of librarianship and information science 30(1998) no.1, S.68 (J. Secker)
-
Burton, M.K.: Reference interview : strategies for children (1998)
0.02
0.023560425 = product of:
0.070681274 = sum of:
0.070681274 = sum of:
0.023194931 = weight(_text_:of in 3701) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.023194931 = score(doc=3701,freq=12.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.33856338 = fieldWeight in 3701, product of:
3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
12.0 = termFreq=12.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3701)
0.047486346 = weight(_text_:22 in 3701) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.047486346 = score(doc=3701,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 3701, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3701)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Considers the differences between the intellectual, emotional and social development of children and adults can lead to difficulties in understanding and communication, in the case of children, during the reference interview. Presents a state of the art review of studies of reference interviews conducted with children in public libraries. Concludes that, in order to have a more successful reference interview, librarians must take account of the specific differences between adults and children
- Date
- 23. 5.1999 19:11:22
-
Broady, J.E.: Costing of bibliographic services (1997)
0.02
0.023484759 = product of:
0.07045428 = sum of:
0.07045428 = sum of:
0.020087399 = weight(_text_:of in 648) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.020087399 = score(doc=648,freq=16.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.2932045 = fieldWeight in 648, product of:
4.0 = tf(freq=16.0), with freq of:
16.0 = termFreq=16.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=648)
0.05036688 = weight(_text_:22 in 648) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.05036688 = score(doc=648,freq=4.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.32829654 = fieldWeight in 648, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=648)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Although traditionally, costing is an activity which information professionals have not needed to undertake, increasing emphasis on demonstrating value for money in service provision has led to a growing awareness of the need to cost service activity. Discusses the basics of costing library activities, noting types of costs (direct costs and indirect costs; fixed costs and variable costs). Describes 2 basic approaches to costing: marginal costing; and total absorption or absorption costing and illustrates the principles involved using library based examples. Argues that, although librarians focus on the needs of their users, they must have a knowledge of and an ability to undertake costing if they are to provide services that are effectively designed and delivered. Concludes that, without such knowledge and ability, library managers must eventually lose their central role in the planning and control of these services
- Date
- 9. 2.1997 18:44:22
22. 9.1997 18:41:15
- Source
- Journal of librarianship and information science. 29(1997) no.2, S.89-94
-
Tenopir, C.: Integrating electronic reference (1995)
0.02
0.022886775 = product of:
0.06866033 = sum of:
0.06866033 = sum of:
0.021173978 = weight(_text_:of in 2616) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.021173978 = score(doc=2616,freq=10.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.3090647 = fieldWeight in 2616, product of:
3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
10.0 = termFreq=10.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2616)
0.047486346 = weight(_text_:22 in 2616) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.047486346 = score(doc=2616,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 2616, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2616)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Reports on a survey of ARL (Ass. of Research Libraries) members in the USA in 1994, which sought to find out the electronic reference services that are offered by these libraries and how the services affect reference staff, the expectations of users, and user instruction. The services covered include CD-ROM, intermediary online searching, end user online (e.g. FirstSearch), tape loaded databases and user access to the Internet, including electronic mail facilities. Highlights the additional workload the provision of these services involves, and the sometimes unrealistic expectations of users especially with regard to Internet resources
- Date
- 25.11.1995 19:22:01
-
Schaefer, M.T.: Internet information retrieval for libraries : four keys & sites that use them (1998)
0.02
0.022886775 = product of:
0.06866033 = sum of:
0.06866033 = sum of:
0.021173978 = weight(_text_:of in 99) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.021173978 = score(doc=99,freq=10.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.3090647 = fieldWeight in 99, product of:
3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
10.0 = termFreq=10.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=99)
0.047486346 = weight(_text_:22 in 99) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.047486346 = score(doc=99,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 99, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=99)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Provides illustrative examples of the methods, tools and resources that enable librarians, information specialists and end users to make the most of the WWW. The 4 key factors that facilitate access are location, evaluation, organization and communication. Outlines how a number of sistes make use of these factors. Describes: the Internet Library for Librarians, Argus Clearinghouse's Digital Librarian's Award; FEDSTATS, the University Library System, chines University of Hong Kong, the WWW Virtual Library, the Finnish Virtual Library Project, and BIBNET
- Date
- 22. 2.1999 13:19:44
-
¬The future of information services (1995)
0.02
0.022141643 = product of:
0.06642493 = sum of:
0.06642493 = sum of:
0.018938582 = weight(_text_:of in 5044) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.018938582 = score(doc=5044,freq=8.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.27643585 = fieldWeight in 5044, product of:
2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
8.0 = termFreq=8.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5044)
0.047486346 = weight(_text_:22 in 5044) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.047486346 = score(doc=5044,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 5044, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5044)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Collection of articles devoted to the long range outlook for libraries in the context of emerging technologies and changing user needs
- Content
- Auch als: Journal of library administration 20(1995) nos.3/4
- Date
- 1.12.1995 19:55:22
-
Bates, M.J.: Learning about the information seeking of interdisciplinary scholars and students (1996)
0.02
0.022141643 = product of:
0.06642493 = sum of:
0.06642493 = sum of:
0.018938582 = weight(_text_:of in 7181) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.018938582 = score(doc=7181,freq=8.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.27643585 = fieldWeight in 7181, product of:
2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
8.0 = termFreq=8.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=7181)
0.047486346 = weight(_text_:22 in 7181) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.047486346 = score(doc=7181,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 7181, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=7181)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Notes that the information needs and information seeking behaviour of scholars and students in interdisciplinary fields has been studied very little. The few scattered studies available suggest that such fields may require striking and distinctive information seeking adaptations by researchers that mark this area as different and very much deserving of research. Discusses the kinds of research needed at both basic and applied levels
- Date
- 14. 4.1997 20:22:55
-
Thomas, N.R.: Planning and developing cross-platform interactive multimedia library instruction (1997)
0.02
0.022141643 = product of:
0.06642493 = sum of:
0.06642493 = sum of:
0.018938582 = weight(_text_:of in 547) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.018938582 = score(doc=547,freq=8.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.27643585 = fieldWeight in 547, product of:
2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
8.0 = termFreq=8.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=547)
0.047486346 = weight(_text_:22 in 547) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.047486346 = score(doc=547,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 547, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=547)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Although hundreds of undergraduate students receive library instruction when their instructors arrange for a class tour or bibliographic instruction session, thousands of other students do not. Describes the planning process that took place in the development of a cross platform interactive multimedia instruction program designed to be accessible to students with diverse information literacy skills. Covers the merits and limitations of several authoring software packages and offers some guidelines concerning time requirements
- Date
- 27.11.1995 17:07:22
-
Moore, A.: As I sit studying : WWW-based reference services (1998)
0.02
0.022141643 = product of:
0.06642493 = sum of:
0.06642493 = sum of:
0.018938582 = weight(_text_:of in 1457) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.018938582 = score(doc=1457,freq=8.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.27643585 = fieldWeight in 1457, product of:
2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
8.0 = termFreq=8.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1457)
0.047486346 = weight(_text_:22 in 1457) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.047486346 = score(doc=1457,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 1457, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1457)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Reports on the current state of reference services supplied by the WWW and describes: the main features of WWW based reference services; several models of handling requests; and the impact of these services on traditional reference services. Based upon anecdotal information, concludes that, to date, Web based reference services have had little impact upon traditional reference services
- Date
- 17. 7.1998 22:10:42
-
Yu, L.: Geographic information systems in library reference services : development and challenge (1998)
0.02
0.022141643 = product of:
0.06642493 = sum of:
0.06642493 = sum of:
0.018938582 = weight(_text_:of in 2184) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.018938582 = score(doc=2184,freq=8.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.27643585 = fieldWeight in 2184, product of:
2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
8.0 = termFreq=8.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2184)
0.047486346 = weight(_text_:22 in 2184) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.047486346 = score(doc=2184,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 2184, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2184)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Discusses the concept and function of GIS and compares the use of GIS in libraries with library map collections. Reviews GIS projects in libraries and examines GIS user services and the challenge they pose. Discusses user access to GIS and argues that simplified and varied user interfaces are important to improve user access
- Date
- 17. 1.1999 13:50:22
- Footnote
- Part of an issue devoted to electronic resources and their use in libraries, from the viewpoint of reference services, with an emphasis on the Internet and Geographic Information Systems
-
Siddiqui, M.A.; Mirza, M.I.: Impact of CD-ROM searching on reference and information services in a university library (1994)
0.02
0.022141643 = product of:
0.06642493 = sum of:
0.06642493 = sum of:
0.018938582 = weight(_text_:of in 3015) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.018938582 = score(doc=3015,freq=8.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.27643585 = fieldWeight in 3015, product of:
2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
8.0 = termFreq=8.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3015)
0.047486346 = weight(_text_:22 in 3015) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.047486346 = score(doc=3015,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 3015, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3015)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- We have attempted to study the effects of CD-ROM searching on the reference and information services in a university library. The study is based on the statistics collected at the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) Library, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. The data collected before and after the introduction of the CD-ROM service is compared to analyse the CD-ROM impact on various reference services, like interlibrary loan, online searching, reference questions, staff requirement and development
- Date
- 22. 2.1999 13:08:44
-
Staley, L.: E-mail reference : experiences at City University (1998)
0.02
0.022141643 = product of:
0.06642493 = sum of:
0.06642493 = sum of:
0.018938582 = weight(_text_:of in 3045) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.018938582 = score(doc=3045,freq=8.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.27643585 = fieldWeight in 3045, product of:
2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
8.0 = termFreq=8.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3045)
0.047486346 = weight(_text_:22 in 3045) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.047486346 = score(doc=3045,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 3045, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3045)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- City University Library, Washington, provides an electronic mail reference facility for isolated and remote users. City University students can send reference questions by e-mail at any time of day. Notes the disadvantages of the service, including lack of non verbal clues and reliance on the written word to replace the reference interview. Reports briefly on 2 years of experience with the service
- Date
- 22. 2.1999 17:57:23
-
Cromer, D.E.; Testi, A.R.: Integrated continuing education for reference librarians (1994)
0.02
0.022135815 = product of:
0.06640744 = sum of:
0.06640744 = sum of:
0.024856888 = weight(_text_:of in 211) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.024856888 = score(doc=211,freq=18.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.36282203 = fieldWeight in 211, product of:
4.2426405 = tf(freq=18.0), with freq of:
18.0 = termFreq=18.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=211)
0.041550554 = weight(_text_:22 in 211) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.041550554 = score(doc=211,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 211, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=211)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Professional librarians operate in an environment characterized by a high level of change. In order to respond to this information environment, it is essential for science and engineering librarians to keep pace with the staggering growth in research information and resources, and with the heightened expectation of the populations with which they interact. The paradox of the need for subject specificity coupled with the need for diversity of subject knowledge presents reference librarians with an unusual challenge. Continuing education programs that are woven into the fabric of job responsibilities can be utilized effectively to enhance the abilities of reference librarians and the quality of services delivered. In this article, Cromer and Testi present a model of a structured, integrated continuing education program for reference librarians utilized at the University of New Mexico's Centennial Science and Engineering Library
- Source
- Reference services review. 22(1994) no.4, S.51-58
-
Havener, W.M.: Answering ready reference questions : print versus online (1990)
0.02
0.022135815 = product of:
0.06640744 = sum of:
0.06640744 = sum of:
0.024856888 = weight(_text_:of in 2869) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.024856888 = score(doc=2869,freq=18.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.36282203 = fieldWeight in 2869, product of:
4.2426405 = tf(freq=18.0), with freq of:
18.0 = termFreq=18.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2869)
0.041550554 = weight(_text_:22 in 2869) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.041550554 = score(doc=2869,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 2869, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2869)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Reports the findings of an experiment designed to compare on-line data bases and equivalent printed versions in 1 area of reference services, the answering of ready reference questions. 68 reference librarians searched for answers to the same set of 12 questions using either print or on-line sources. Details of the questions are given. In the case of conceptual questions on-line proved faster than print, particularly for 2-concept questions, and the increased speed was not at the expense of accuracy. In the case of factual questions, print sources proved to be considerably faster than on-line. Suggests 2 guidelines: when bibliographic information is available in both print and on-line formats, on-line should be the tool of choice, particularly for multi-concept questions; simple factul questions can be answered more quickly using printed sources.
- Source
- Online. 14(1990) no.1, S.22-28
-
Herman, D.: But does it work? : evaluating the Brandeis reference model (1994)
0.02
0.021661952 = product of:
0.06498586 = sum of:
0.06498586 = sum of:
0.0234353 = weight(_text_:of in 208) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0234353 = score(doc=208,freq=16.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.34207192 = fieldWeight in 208, product of:
4.0 = tf(freq=16.0), with freq of:
16.0 = termFreq=16.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=208)
0.041550554 = weight(_text_:22 in 208) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.041550554 = score(doc=208,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 208, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=208)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- The Brandeis model of reference service delivery, which consists of a student-staffed information desk and a professional reseaarch consultation service, attemps to preserve the quality of the reference encounter at a time of dramatically increased demand. In this article, Herman describes a multifaceted evaluation of the model, which has neen in place since 1990. A retreat was held to redefine the model's ideals, an unabstrusive studa was performed to measure the effectiveness of the information desk, and a focus group project was used to gauge patron response. The overall conclusion of the study is that the model provides a high-quality service that has been enthusiastically received, but that improvements need to be made in the referral of patrons from the information desk to the librarian
- Source
- Reference services review. 22(1994) no.4, S.17-28
-
Swah, G.; Marsland, G.: Current trends in the use of the public library information centre (1994)
0.02
0.021661952 = product of:
0.06498586 = sum of:
0.06498586 = sum of:
0.0234353 = weight(_text_:of in 1396) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0234353 = score(doc=1396,freq=16.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.34207192 = fieldWeight in 1396, product of:
4.0 = tf(freq=16.0), with freq of:
16.0 = termFreq=16.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1396)
0.041550554 = weight(_text_:22 in 1396) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.041550554 = score(doc=1396,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 1396, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1396)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Asserts that UK public libraries are now busier than ever and are facing higher public expectations of the services on offer. Explores some of the possible reasons for this. Government initiatives including the Citizen's Charter, as well as fundamental changes in all areas of the education systems, are highlighted as being major contributions to the changes in usage. The introduction of the National Curriculum, the impact of open learning courses and reduced personal and instituional spending power within academic libraries have prompted both teachers and students to turn in increasing numbers to the public reference library. Discusses some of the implications for the management of theses services and outlines some possible strategies for the future
- Source
- Library management. 15(1994) no.6, S.20-22
-
Moyo, L.M.: PSU Gateway Library : electronic library in transition (2004)
0.02
0.021661952 = product of:
0.06498586 = sum of:
0.06498586 = sum of:
0.0234353 = weight(_text_:of in 2854) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0234353 = score(doc=2854,freq=16.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.34207192 = fieldWeight in 2854, product of:
4.0 = tf(freq=16.0), with freq of:
16.0 = termFreq=16.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2854)
0.041550554 = weight(_text_:22 in 2854) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.041550554 = score(doc=2854,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 2854, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2854)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Developments in information technology have led to changes in the mode of delivery of library services, and in the perceptions of the role of librarians in the information-seeking context. In particular, the proliferation of electronic resources has led to the emergence of new service paradigms and new roles for librarians. The Gateway Library at Penn State University (PSU) is an electronic library in transition, with new technology-based services evolving to address the ever growing and changing needs of the academic community. It facilitates access to and navigation of electronic resources in an integrated technology environment.
- Source
- Library hi tech. 22(2004) no.2, S.217-226
-
Tenopir, C.: Reference services from RLG (1995)
0.02
0.02129588 = product of:
0.06388764 = sum of:
0.06388764 = sum of:
0.016401293 = weight(_text_:of in 2612) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.016401293 = score(doc=2612,freq=6.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.23940048 = fieldWeight in 2612, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2612)
0.047486346 = weight(_text_:22 in 2612) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.047486346 = score(doc=2612,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 2612, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2612)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Describes the variety of search services supporting library reference functions offered by the RLG in the USA. The best known of these is RLIN, the massive bibliographic database and related services originally developed for shared cataloguing. In the last few years RLG has added CitaDel, an online search system that provides access to indexing/abstracting databases; and Zephyr, a Z39.50 server that amkes the RLIN and CitaDel databases searchable through a library's online catalogue. RLG also offers document delivery connections, including Ariel and Internet based document delivery software, for a full complement of online reference support for academic and public libraries
- Date
- 25.11.1995 19:22:01
-
Kelly, J.; Robbins, K.: Changing roles for reference librarian (1996)
0.02
0.02129588 = product of:
0.06388764 = sum of:
0.06388764 = sum of:
0.016401293 = weight(_text_:of in 6419) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.016401293 = score(doc=6419,freq=6.0), product of:
0.06850986 = queryWeight, product of:
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.23940048 = fieldWeight in 6419, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
1.5637573 = idf(docFreq=25162, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6419)
0.047486346 = weight(_text_:22 in 6419) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.047486346 = score(doc=6419,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15341885 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043811057 = queryNorm
0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 6419, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6419)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
- Abstract
- Asserts that although the library landscape may shift a great deal, reference librarians will still be in the business of negotiating with users and helping them find what they need. The electronic environment may cause a shift in the tools librarians use and the speed in which they change; it may also allow them to look more closely at their users' needs and deliver what they request more quickly and in a wider variety of forms
- Source
- Journal of library administration. 22(1996) nos.2/3, S.111-121
