Search (416 results, page 21 of 21)

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Abstract

There is an "information burst" going on in our world. Therefore we think more about the role of information in modern society and in our personal life. The political waves of the peaceful revolutionary process virtually start to erase the borders of the countries drawn on the maps. A little more than ten years ago we had not even a concept for "Belarusian-German relations", because both countries "the new united Germany and the Republic of Belarus did not exist on the maps of the world. Today the communication between our countries covers all aspects of public life "culture" science and education. We have laid a foundation for our economic and cultural cooperation. We already have had some experience in the joint solution of internal and international problems. And "what is most striking" the warm human contacts of the people consolidate and accelerate the process of mutual understanding between our countries and broaden our view. Today no country in the world can yield their citizens more freedom of choice than the "state" of the Internet. The people, freely migrating in a boundless information space, know how to use the invaluable treasures of human thought and creatively increase the achievements of mankind by intellectual work. These people become the pride of every country in our time. In educating, shaping and supporting such persons we see a new social role of the libraries. It is clearly visible that libraries turn into modern information centers. The introduction of new information know-how and the access to electronic information by means of an electronic library satisfy the increasing need of effective and comprehensive information. All steps of the work with documents (publication "search" delivery) are automated. The fast electronic delivery of documents is promoted by the growth of global information networks, by the increase of transfer rates of dates" by the capability of online search in the electronic catalogues and databases connected with the automated systems of the ordering of copies, by the technical equipment and software of scanning and recognition of the text.

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Footnote

Rez. in: B.I.T. online 8(2005) H.2, S.202 (J. Plieninger): "Der Aufbau digitaler Bibliotheken gilt manchen Unkundigen immer noch als Ei des Kolumbus, um mittels einer Digitalisierung umfangreicher Bestände Stellplatz und Finanzmittel zu sparen. Mittlerweile ist aber offenbar, dass auch die Digitalisierung einen nicht zu vernachlässigenden Aufwand bedeutet und das Problem der zukunftssicheren Aufbewahrung auch auf dieser Ebene immer noch nicht gelöst ist. Es ist somit weder einfach noch billig, entsprechende Vorhaben zu verwirklichen und nicht wenige Projekte sind zu einem Investitionsgrab verkommen. Um so erfreulicher, dass dieser Band nun einen Überblick über die Erfahrungen von koordinierten Forschungsprogrammen in den USA und Großbritannien von 1994 bis ca. 2002 gibt und Einblicke in Politik, Planung, Einrichtung und Handhabung der von diesen Programmen gesponserten Projekten erlaubt und dies aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven. Im einleitenden Teil wird in zwei Kapiteln zunächst eine Übersicht über die Entwicklung der Forschungsprogramme in den USA und GB gegeben. Bei der Lektüre wird offenbar, wie viel im angelsächsischen Bereich in diesem Bereich investiert wurde und dass viele bekannte aktuelle Dienste, kostenlose als auch kommerzielle, in ihnen ihre Wurzeln haben. Insbesondere die Abhandlung über die USA sollte deutsche Bibliothekspolitiker interessieren, handelt es sich doch dabei um eine umfangreiche Finanzierung eines föderalen politischen Systems. Im darauf folgenden ersten Teil werden dann die Themenbereiche Ökonomie und Finanzierung, Inhaltsarten, Open Access, digitale Präservation und Evaluation von elektronischen Informationsdiensten eingehend behandelt. Es werden jeweils die Probleme und "Handlungsfelder" in allen Facetten dargestellt, welche sich beim Aufbau jeder digitalen Bibliothek stellen und gelöst werden müssen.

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Abstract

- Wachstumsfeld 3D-Internet - wertvolle Informationen hochkarätiger Fachleute Virtuelle Welten entwickeln sich in der industrialisierten Welt zu einem Massenphänomen. Millionen Menschen schaffen sich eine zweite Identität in Second Life, agieren als künstliche "Wesen", den Avataren in virtuellen Umgebungen oder spielen Online-Rollenspiele. Der Reiz der virtuellen Welten liegt in der Überwindung der Grenzen, die in einem realen Leben gesetzt sind. Ganz neue Geschäftsmöglichkeiten können hier entstehen. Ein Unternehmen nach dem anderen baut daher seine Insel in den virtuellen Welten. In zahlreichen Beiträgen erhalten Sie in diesem Band wertvolle Informationen, um selbst in den virtuellen Welten operieren zu können: - Boas Betzler von IBM Research, Wappingers Falls, NY erläutert Anforderungen an die technologische Infrastruktur, - Claus Nehmzow von der PA Consulting Group, London nimmt sie mit auf eine Geschäftsreise in Second Life, - Daniel Michelis von der Universität der Künste, Berlin zeigt, wie Sie Ihren Avatar studieren lassen können, - Dr. Wolfram Proksch von Proksch & Fritsche Rechtsanwälte, Wien klärt auf über Cyberspace Regulation, - Robert Gehorsam von Forterra Systems, NY berichtet über Erfahrungen mit Mitarbeiterschulung in den virtuellen Welten und - Jean Miller von Linden Lab, San Francisco beleuchtet Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten, die sie für Second Life sieht. Ungezählte weitere Aspekte der faszinierenden virtuellen Welten werden behandelt und geben Ihnen Antwort zu vielfältigen Fragestellungen, die sich in diesem Zusammenhang stellen (sollten).

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Abstract

Libraries have always been an inspiration for the standards and technologies developed by semantic web activities. However, except for the Dublin Core specification, semantic web and social networking technologies have not been widely adopted and further developed by major digital library initiatives and projects. Yet semantic technologies offer a new level of flexibility, interoperability, and relationships for digital repositories. Kruk and McDaniel present semantic web-related aspects of current digital library activities, and introduce their functionality; they show examples ranging from general architectural descriptions to detailed usages of specific ontologies, and thus stimulate the awareness of researchers, engineers, and potential users of those technologies. Their presentation is completed by chapters on existing prototype systems such as JeromeDL, BRICKS, and Greenstone, as well as a look into the possible future of semantic digital libraries. This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in areas like digital libraries, the semantic web, social networks, and information retrieval. This audience will benefit from detailed descriptions of both today's possibilities and also the shortcomings of applying semantic web technologies to large digital repositories of often unstructured data.

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Series

Data-centric systems and applications

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Abstract

Information extraction systems discover structured information in natural language text. Having information in structured form enables much richer querying and data mining than possible over the natural language text. However, information extraction is a computationally expensive task, and hence improving the efficiency of the extraction process over large text collections is of critical interest. In this paper, we focus on an especially valuable family of text collections, namely, the so-called deep-web text collections, whose contents are not crawlable and are only available via querying. Important steps for efficient information extraction over deep-web text collections (e.g., selecting the collections on which to focus the extraction effort, based on their contents; or learning which documents within these collections-and in which order-to process, based on their words and phrases) require having a representative document sample from each collection. These document samples have to be collected by querying the deep-web text collections, an expensive process that renders impractical the existing sampling approaches developed for other data scenarios. In this paper, we systematically study the space of query-based document sampling techniques for information extraction over the deep web. Specifically, we consider (i) alternative query execution schedules, which vary on how they account for the query effectiveness, and (ii) alternative document retrieval and processing schedules, which vary on how they distribute the extraction effort over documents. We report the results of the first large-scale experimental evaluation of sampling techniques for information extraction over the deep web. Our results show the merits and limitations of the alternative query execution and document retrieval and processing strategies, and provide a roadmap for addressing this critically important building block for efficient, scalable information extraction.

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Classification

303.48/33 22 (LoC)

DDC

303.48/33 22 (LoC)

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Footnote

Rez. in: KO 50(2003) no.1, S.45-46 (L.M. Given): "In her own preface to this work, the author notes her lifelong fascination with classification and order, as well as her more recent captivation with the Internet - a place of "chaos in need of organization" (xi). Sorting out the Web examines current efforts to organize the Web and is well-informed by the author's academic and professional expertise in information organization, information retrieval, and Web development. Although the book's level and tone are particularly relevant to a student audience (or others interested in Web-based subject access at an introductory level), it will also appeal to information professionals developing subject access systems across a range of information contexts. There are six chapters in the book, each describing and analyzing one core concept related to the organization of Web content. All topics are presented in a manner ideal for newcomers to the area, with clear definitions, examples, and visuals that illustrate the principles under discussion. The first chapter provides a brief introduction to developments in information technology, including an historical overview of information services, users' needs, and libraries' responses to the Internet. Chapter two introduces metadata, including core concepts and metadata formats. Throughout this chapter the author presents a number of figures that aptly illustrate the application of metadata in HTML, SGML, and MARC record environments, and the use of metadata tools (e.g., XML, RDF). Chapter three begins with an overview of classification theory and specific schemes, but the author devotes most of the discussion to the application of classification systems in the Web environment (e.g., Dewey, LCC, UDC). Web screen captures illustrate the use of these schemes for information sources posted to sites around the world. The chapter closes with a discussion of the future of classification; this is a particularly useful section as the author presents a listing of core journal and conference venues where new approaches to Web classification are explored. In chapter four, the author extends the discussion of classification to the use of controlled vocabularies. As in the first few chapters, the author first presents core background material, including reasons to use controlled vocabularies and the differences between preand post-coordinate indexing, and then discusses the application of specific vocabularies in the Web environment (e.g., Infomine's use of LCSH). The final section of the chapter explores failure in subject searching and the limitations of controlled vocabularies for the Web. Chapter five discusses one of the most common and fast-growing topics related to subject access an the Web: search engines. The author presents a clear definition of the term that encompasses classified search lists (e.g., Yahoo) and query-based engines (e.g., Alta Vista). In addition to historical background an the development of search engines, Schwartz also examines search service types, features, results, and system performance.

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Abstract

In this paper we report on the development and use of CoFIND (Collaborative Filter In N Dimensions), a web-based collaborative bookmark engine, designed as part of a self-organising learning environment to generate a list of useful and relevant learning resources. Users of CoFfND can add pointers to resources and rate them according to two types of category, 'topics' and 'qualities'. Along with the links and descriptions of the resources themselves, both topics and qualities are also entered by users, thus generating a resource-base and collective categorisation scheme based on the needs and wishes of its participants. A topic is analogous to a traditional category whereby any object can be considered to be in the set or out of it. Examples of topics might include 'animals', 'computing', 'travel' and so on. Qualities, on the other hand are the things that users value in a resource, and most of them are (in English at any rate) adjectives or adjectival descriptive phrases. It is always possible to say of a quality that a given resource is more or less so. Examples of qualities might include 'good for beginners', 'amusing', 'colourful', 'turgid' and so on. It is the qualities that provide the nth dimension of CoFIND, allowing much subtler ratings than typical collaborative filtering systems, which tend to rate resources according to a simple good/bad or useful/useless scale. CoFIND thus dynamically accommodates changing needs in learners, essential because the essence of learning is change. In use, the user enters a number of qualities and/or topics that interest them. Resources are returned in a list ordered according to the closeness of match to the required topics and qualities, weighted by the number of users who have categorised or rated a particular resource. The more a topic or quality is used to categorise different resources, the more prominent its position in the list of selectable topics or categories. Not only do less popular qualities sink to the bottom of this list, they can also fall off it altogether, in a process analogous to a Darwinian concept of evolution, where species of quality or topic fight each other for votes and space on the list and topics and qualities are honed so that only the most useful survive. The system is designed to teeter on the 'edge of chaos', thus allowing clear species to develop without falling into chaotic disorder or stagnant order. The paper reports on some ongoing experiments using the CoFIND system to support a number of learning environments within the University of Brighton. In particular, we report on a cut-down form used to help teach a course on Human-Computer Interaction, whereby students not only rate screen designs but collaboratively create the qualities used to rate those resources. Mention is made of plans to use the system to establish metadata schema for courseware component design, a picture database and to help facilitate small group research. The paper concludes by analysing early results, indicating that the approach provides a promising way to automatically elicit consensus on issues of categorisation and rating, allowing evolution instead of the 'experts' to decide classification criteria. However, several problems need to be overcome, including difficulties encouraging use of the system (especially when the resource base is not highly populated) and problems tuning the rate of evolution in order to maintain a balance between stability and disorder

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Date

22. 3.2004 14:46:50

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LCSH

User interfaces (Computer systems)

Subject

User interfaces (Computer systems)

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Content

"Fast eine Million britische Schulkinder, Beamte und Journalisten haben im Jahr 1986 Informationen über ihr Land gesammelt. Sie trugen 250000 Ortsbeschreibungen zusammen, 50 000 Fotos, 25 000 Landkarten und eine nie quantifizierte Textmenge. Der Sender BBC wollte ein Dokument über den britischen Alltag jener Zeit für die Nachwelt schaffen. Etwa 2,5 Millionen Pfund kostete der Datenberg, der auf einer Videodisk gespeichert wurde. Die galt als unzerstörbar. War sie bis heute auch. Nur gab es 16 Jahre später im Jahr 2002 keinen Computer mehr, der das Material lesen kann. Denn der entsprechende BBC Micro-Rechner war schnell verschwunden, weil ein zu teurer Flop. Ähnlich könnte es dem digital vorliegenden, kulturellen Erbe der Menschheit ergehen, Das denkt zumindest die Mehrheit der US-Kongressabgeordneten. Sie haben der Kongressbibliothek für die Entwicklung eines Systems zur Sammlung und Katalogisierung digitaler Informationen 20 Millionen Dollar bewilligt. Weitere 75 Millionen könnten in den nächsten Jahren vom Staat dazukommen - wenn auch Sponsoren so viel Geld bringen. Halten die sich zurück, knausert auch der Staat beim "National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program" (NDIIPP). Deutsche Bibliothekare betrachten das Projekt mit gemischten Gefühlen. "Wir sehen neidisch, was in den USA mit Sponsoren möglich ist. Doch andererseits kann man den Erhalt des nationalen Kulturerbes nicht darauf gründen, dass in 50 Jahren noch Sponsoren dafür zu haben sind", erklärt Katrin Ansorge, Sprecherin der Deutschen Bibliothek (DDB). Die hat - noch - keinen gesetzlichen Sammelauftrag für digitale Dokumente, die nicht auf physischen Datenträgern wie CD-ROMs vorliegen. Doch Ansorge ist zuversichtlich, "dass der Bund das Gesetz noch in dieser Legislaturperiode anpasst". Bis dahin dürfte mehr Material verloren sein als beim Brand der Bibliothek von Alexandria. Nach einer Studie der US-Kongressbibliothek war die Hälfte des 1998 im Internet verfügbaren Materials 1999 wieder verschwunden. "Vieles davon war wichtiges, einzigartiges Material. das man nicht zurückholen kann, aber einst dringend suchen wird", sagt der Leiter der Kongressbibliothek, James H. Billington. Den hier wirkenden Widerspruch des Internets als Medium formuliert Franziska Nori, die wissenschaftliche Leiterin der Abteilung Digitalcraft am Frankfurter Museum für Angewandte Kunst (MAK): "Es ist kurzlebig, hat aber alle Bereiche unserer Gesellschaft einschneidend verändert." Einen kleinen Beitrag zur Archivierung digitalen Kunsthandwerks leistet das MAK mit seiner Sammlung Webdesign. Ausgewählte Seiten von Gestaltern, Agenturen, Onlinemagazinen und Angeboten für Kinder werden auf den Servern von Digitalcraft archiviert. Auch die DDB sammelt bestimmte Dokumente wie Onlinedissertationen, Habilitationen oder nur online verfügbare wissenschaftliche Magazine. Die vergleichsweise kleinen Projekte zeigen vor allem eines: Die Archivierung digitaler Dokumente ist teuer. Denn die Probleme sind komplexer und vor allem neuer als der am Papier nagende Säurefraß und die nötige systematische Katalogisierung gedruckter Werke. Die Probleme beginnen schon beim Sammeln. Die von privaten Stiftungen getragene US-Initiative "Internet Archive" speichert beispielsweise jeden Tag 400 Gigabyte an neuem Material. Ausgedruckt wären das mehr als 20 Buchregal-Kilometer. Um zusätzlichen Speicherplatz zu kaufen, gibt das "Internet Archive" jeden Monat etwa 40000 Euro aus. Die Wartung und vor allem die Katalogisierung des vorhandenen Bestands ist weit teurer. Dabei erfasst das "Internet Archive" nur alle zwei Monate komplett einen großen Ausschnitt des Webs. Mit Passworten geschützte Seiten bleiben ebenso außen vor wie Kommunikation in Chaträumen und E-Mails.

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Footnote

The most common definition for metadata is "data about data." What metadata does is provide schemes for describing, organizing, exchanging, and receiving information over networks. The authors explain how metadata is used to describe resources by tagging item attributes like author, title, creation date, key words, file formats, compression, etc. The most well known scheme is MARC, but other schemes are developing for creating and managing digital collections, such as XML, TEI, EAD, and Dublin Core. The authors also do a good job of describing the difference between metadata and mark-up languages like HTML. The next two chapters discuss developing, designing, and providing access to a digital collection. In Chapter Six, "Developing and Designing Systems for Sharing Digital Resources," the authors examine a number of issues related to designing a shared collection. For instance, one issue the authors examine is interoperability. The authors stress that when designing a digital collection the creators should take care to ensure that their collection is "managed in such a way as to maximize opportunities for exchange and reuse of information, whether internally or externally" (p. 140). As a complement to Chapter Six, Chapter Seven, "Portals and Personalization: Mechanisms for End-user Access," focuses an the other end of the process; how the collection is used once it is made available. The majority of this chapter concentrates an the use of portals or gateways to digital collections. One example the authors use is MyLibrary@NCState, which provides the university community with a flexible user-drive customizable portal that allows user to access remote and local resources. The work logically concludes with a chapter an preservation and a chapter an the evolving role of librarians. Chapter Eight, "Preservation," is a thought-provoking discussion an preserving digital data and digitization as a preservation technique. The authors do a good job of relaying the complexity of preservation issues in a digital world in a single chapter. While the authors do not answer their questions, they definitely provide the reader wich some things to ponder. The final chapter, "Digital Librarians: New Roles for the Information Age," outlines where the authors believe librarianship is headed. Throughout the work they stress the role of the librarian in the digital world, but Chapter Nine really brings the point home. As the authors stress, librarians have always managed information and as experienced leaders in the information field, librarians are uniquely suited to take the digital bull by the horns. Also, the role of the librarian and what librarians can do is growing and evolving. The authors suggest that librarians are likely to move into rotes such as knowledge mediator, information architect, hybrid librarian-who brings resources and technologies together, and knowledge preserver. While these librarians must have the technical skills to cope with new technologies, the authors also state that management skills and subject skills will prove equally important.

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Footnote

Peter Day and Douglas Schuler wind up the book by taking a close look at the sociotechnical context in the 1990s. They argue that utopian schemes for the development of civil society and/or the public sphere may entail a degree of risk. However. Day and Schuler argue that community networks should be ''networks of awareness. advocacy and action" with a high degree of grassroots involvement. This can be done through more responsive policies. Local citizens-the first beneficiaries or victims of policy-should he brought into the decision-making process via civic dialogue. Public funding must be provided for projects that enable dissemination of information about a variety of cultures and belief systems. Shaping the Network Society is understandably more cautious than earlier accounts of cyberculture in its reception of new information and communications technology. Haunted by post 9/11 security measures. increasing surveillance, the faster erosion of liberal humanist ideals, and the internationalization/ commercialization of the media, the essays prefer to be wary about the potential of cyberpower. However, the optimist tone of every essay is unmistakable. While admitting that much more needs to be done to overcome the digital divide and the (mis)appropriation of cyberpower. the essays and ease studies draw attention to the potential for public debate and alternative ideologies. The case studies demonstrate success stories, but invariably conclude with a moral: about the need for vigilance against appropriation and fascist control! What emerges clearly is that the new media have achieved considerable progress in opening up the space for greater citizen involvement, more locally-responsive policy decisions. and socially relevant information-dissemination. Shaping the Network Society, with a strangely messianic slant, is a useful step in the mapping of the present and future cyberspace as the space of new democracies to come of a justice to he worked and prepared for."

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Footnote

Rez.: ZfBB 52(2005) H.1, S.52-53 (N. Lossau: "Service-Gedanke Digitale Bibliotheken gehören heute bereits zum selbstverständlichen Vokabular von Bibliothekaren und es gibt wohl kaum einen Internetauftritt von Bibliotheken, der nicht eine Digitale Bibliothek beinhaltet. Fast ebenso vielfältig wie die Vorkommen sind auch die Ausprägungen und Definitionen von Digitalen Bibliotheken, weshalb man mit einer Mischung aus Interesse und Skepsis das vorliegende Buch in die Hand nimmt. »The ultimate digital library«, ein ambitionierter Titel, vom Autor und der American Library Association, in deren Reihe die Publikation erschienen ist, wohl nicht zuletzt aus Marketinggründen wohlbedacht gewählt, suggeriert dem Leser, dass hier die vollendete, perfekte Form einer Digitalen Bibliothek beschrieben wird, die sich seit den goer Jahren mit rasantem Tempo entwickelt hat. Es dauert eine ganze Weile, bis der Leser auf die Definition von Pace stößt, die sich als roter Faden durch sein Werk zieht: »The digital library - a comprehensive definition will not be attempted here - encompasses not only collections in digital form, but digital services that continue to define the library as a place.« (S.73) Pace konzentriert sich auf den ServiceAspekt von Digitalen Bibliotheken und zielt damit auf eine Entwicklung ab, die in der Tat als zukunftsweisend für Bibliotheken und Digitale Bibliotheken zu gelten hat. Zu lange haben Bibliotheken sich schwerpunktmäßig auf die digitalen Sammlungen und ihre Produktion (durch Digitalisierung) oder Kauf und Lizenzierung konzentriert, wie Pace zu Recht an der gleichen Stelle beklagt. Die Zukunft mussfür Bibliotheken in der Entwicklung und Bereitstellung von digitalen Services liegen, die den Endnutzern einen echten Mehrwert zu bieten haben. Darin liegt sein Verständnis einer ultimativen Digitalen Bibliothek begründet, ohne dass er die Definition ausführlicher thematisiert. Pace räumt in diesem Zusammenhang auch mit einem Mythos auf, der die Digitalen Bibliotheken lediglich als »Hilfsdienste« einer traditionellen Bibliothek betrachtet. Wesentlich sympathischer und realistischer erscheint dem Leser die folgende Charakterisierung des Verhältnisses: »The digital-traditional relationship is symbiotic, not parasitic: digital tools, services, and expertise exist to enhance the services and collections of libraries, not necessarily to replace them.« (S. 73) Kooperation mit SoftwareAnbietern Der inhaltliche Leitgedanke der digitalen Services ist auch eine ideale Basis für eine weitere Botschaft von Pace, die er mit seinem Buch vermitteln möchte: Bibliothekare und Anbietervon BibliotheksSoftware müssen bei der Entwicklung dieser Services eng zusammenarbeiten. Glaubt man dem Vorwort, dann stellt das Verhältnis von »libraries and vendors« [Bibliotheken und Anbietern] die Ausgangsthematik für die Publikation dar, wie sie von der American Library Association bei Pace in Auftrag gegeben wurde. Dieserverfügt offensichtlich über den geeigneten Erfahrungshintergrund, um eine solche Beschreibung abzuliefern. Nach seinem Studiumsabschluss als M.S.L.S. begann er seine berufliche Laufbahn zunächst für mehr als drei Jahre bei der Firma für Software zur Bibliotheksautomatisierung, Innovative Interfaces,woer unteranderem als Spezialist zur Produktintegration von z.B. WebPAC,Advanced Keyword Search arbeitete. Heute ist Pace »Head of Systems« an den North Carolina State University Libraries (Raleigh, N.C.) und ständiger Kolumnist in dem Magazin Computers in Libraries.

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Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 55(2004) no.11, S.1025-1026 (D.E. Agosto): ""Did you ever feel as though the Internet has caused you to lose control of your library?" So begins the introduction to this volume of over 50 articles, essays, library policies, and other documents from a variety of sources, most of which are library journals aimed at practitioners. Volume editor Block has a long history of library service as well as an active career as an online journalist. From 1977 to 1999 she was the Associate Director of Public Services at the St. Ambrose University library in Davenport, Iowa. She was also a Fox News Online weekly columnist from 1998 to 2000. She currently writes for and publishes the weekly ezine Exlibris, which focuses an the use of computers, the Internet, and digital databases to improve library services. Despite the promising premise of this book, the final product is largely a disappointment because of the superficial coverage of its issues. A listing of the most frequently represented sources serves to express the general level and style of the entries: nine articles are reprinted from Computers in Libraries, five from Library Journal, four from Library Journal NetConnect, four from ExLibris, four from American Libraries, three from College & Research Libraries News, two from Online, and two from The Chronicle of Higher Education. Most of the authors included contributed only one item, although Roy Tennant (manager of the California Digital Library) authored three of the pieces, and Janet L. Balas (library information systems specialist at the Monroeville Public Library in Pennsylvania) and Karen G. Schneider (coordinator of lii.org, the Librarians' Index to the Internet) each wrote two. Volume editor Block herself wrote six of the entries, most of which have been reprinted from ExLibris. Reading the volume is muck like reading an issue of one of these journals-a pleasant experience that discusses issues in the field without presenting much research. Net Effects doesn't offer much in the way of theory or research, but then again it doesn't claim to. Instead, it claims to be an "idea book" (p. 5) with practical solutions to Internet-generated library problems. While the idea is a good one, little of the material is revolutionary or surprising (or even very creative), and most of the solutions offered will already be familiar to most of the book's intended audience.