Search (4 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

A model for analysing multimedia information is proposed from the point of view of the theory of communication. After a brief presentation of the complex map of the sciences that deal with multimedia communication in its different aspects, the current multimedia revolution is historically contextualized as a tendency towards messages that are able to build near-reality experiences (virtual reality). After setting the theoretical point of view, an analysis of multimedia messages is substantiated and a model is presented. The first part of the model deals with the different communications channels and tools: still images, movies, sounds, texts, text with illustrations, audiovisuals and interactive multimedia, with an emphasis in nontextual documents. The second part addresses the global properties of the multimedia message, which are of a textual and metatextual nature. The overlapping of media, channels, genres and messages-and the conscious and technical use of such interactions-is precisely one of the main and outstanding characteristics of the multimedia discourse, and requires specific moves in indexing languages development. The multimedia environment has also a great potential to promote a wider theory of knowledge organization, bringing closer distant fields like scientific and fictional indexing or verbal and image indexing. It is stated that such a unified theory requires a closer attention to the pragmatic aspects of indexing and the inclusion of new semantic layers. A simple indexing model is proposed to illustrate who to address these challenges.

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Abstract

Multimedia retrieval is a complex and to some extent still unexplored area. Based on a full year of e-mail requests addressed to a large film archive this study analyses what types of information needs real users have and how these needs are expressed. The findings include that the requesters make use of a broad range of need attributes in specifying their information needs. These attributes relate to the production, content, subject, context and screening of films. However, a few attributes - especially title, production year and director - account for the majority of the attribute instances. Further, as much as 43 per cent of the requests contain no information about the context that gives rise to the request. The current indexing of the archived material is restricted to production-related attributes, and access to the material is, thus, frequently dependent on the archivists' extensive knowledge of the archived material and films in general.

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Abstract

This article discusses the implementation of MPEG-7 within the Moving Image Collections (MIC) portal. MIC is a union catalog of the world's moving images, as well as a portal to information on the care, management, and use of moving images. The MIC Union Catalog utilizes a core registry schema that is designed to map readily to any metadata schema used to describe moving images. The MIC development team was particularly interested in supporting MPEG-7 for future nontextual digital video indexing applications. An MPEG-7 application profile and Microsoft Access cataloging utility were developed in order to test MPEG-7 within the MIC Union Catalog; 400 science digital videos in the ResearchChannel collection were cataloged in MPEG-7. The MPEG-7 records were mapped to MIC and ingested. Draft MPEG-7 to MIC and MIC to MPEG-7 maps were developed and are available at the MIC Web site. MPEG-7 records are available for viewing for any record in the MIC database via a collections explore search within the Archivists' portal. The MPEG-7 cataloging utility may be downloaded from the MIC project Web site (Moving Image Collections. MIC Cataloging Utility. http://gondolin.rutgers.edu/MIC/text/ how/cataloging_utility.htm). This article also discusses issues with MPEG-7 as a descriptive metadata schema, as well as mapping and implementation issues identified in the project.

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Abstract

Dow Jones & Company (NYSE:DJ) hat am 13. Juni 2007 seine Partnerschaft mit PodZinger bekannt gegeben. PodZinger ist derzeit die einzige Multimedia-Plattform, die es ermöglicht, Audio- und Videoinhalte über Schlagworte zu suchen. Diese Suchfunktion wird über die Nachrichten- und Wirtschaftsinformationsdienste Factiva.com und Factiva iWorks zur Verfügung stehen. So können Anwender ab August 2007 Video- und Audio-Informationen abrufen, darunter Wirtschaftsnachrichten, CEO-Interviews, Vorträge von führenden Managern, Jahreshauptversammlungen, Produktrezensionen und andere einschlägige Inhalte. Laut eMarketer wurden allein im Januar 2007 über 7,2 Milliarden Videostreams von mehr als 123 Millionen Konsumenten betrachtet. AccuStream iMedia erwartet ein jährliches Wachstum an Multimedia-Nutzern von 30 Prozent. Trotzdem ist es noch immer sehr zeitaufwändig, relevante Inhalte zu finden, weil die meisten Multimedia-Seiten nur begrenzt Metadaten anbieten und nur rudimentäre Suchmöglichkeiten für Audio- und Videoinhalte zur Verfügung stellen. Oft resultieren aus der Suche dann große Informationsmengen, die für den Suchenden kaum relevant sind. Das Multimedia-Angebot von Factiva basiert auf den Speech-to-Text und Natural Language Technologien von PodZinger. Genutzt wird bei Factiva Multimedia auch das patentierte Factiva Intelligent Indexing(TM), und Suchergebnisse werden in Form von Charts und Grafiken dargestellt. Der Anwender erhält damit einen Überblick über den Kontext seiner Recherche. Gemäß einer Studie, die PodZinger 2006 in Auftrag gegeben hatte, hören oder schauen sich Menschen nur rund 15 Prozent einer Audio- oder Videodatei an. Dow Jones kombiniert die Stärken von Factiva und PodZinger zu einer einzigartigen Multimedia-Suchmaschine. Relevante Inhalte können mit Hilfe von spezifischen Suchbegriffen herausgefiltert werden. Anschließend können die Anwender selbst entscheiden, ob sie den gesamten Clip oder nur den für ihn relevanten Teil sehen oder hören wollen. Das Multimedia Angebot von Factiva umfasst ergänzend: Kontinuierlich aktualisierte Inhalte aus mehr als 4.000 Nachrichten- und Wirtschaftsquellen mit mehr als 300.000 Clips. Ein 90-Tage-Archiv aus einer Sammlung von Nachrichtenquellen wie dem Wall Street Journal, NPR, CNN, BBC Radio und mehr. Oberfläche in Deutsch, Englisch, Spanisch, Französisch und Russisch