Search (136 results, page 7 of 7)

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Abstract

Metadata describing multimedia can address a wide variety of purposes, from the purely physical characteristics of an item, to the circumstances surrounding its production, to attributes that cannot necessarily be determined by examining the item itself directly. These latter attributes, often dealing with "meaning" or interpretation of an item's content, are frequently deemed too difficult to determine and subject to individual and cultural variability. At the same time, however, research has shown that these abstract, interpretive attributes, which carry meaning, are frequently the ones for which people search. To describe an item fully, therefore, means to describe it at both the "syntactic" and the "semantic" levels. This article discusses the development of the semantic description schemes within the MPEG-7 standard from both a historical and an intellectual perspective, as well as the difficulties inherent in creating a descriptive schema that can fully capture the complexity of "narrative worlds."

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Abstract

Personal video recorders have the capability to change the media delivery industry fundamentally, and in this context, many believe the real international age of personal digital recorders (PDRs) will arrive with the use of "open" systems. The world reached an important milestone with the publication of the TV-Anytime Phase 1 specifications for unidirectional broadcast and metadata services over bidirectional networks. TV-Anytime is a worldwide pre-standardization body; this article gives an overview of the main features of TV-Anytime's metadata specification and its relationship to MPEG-7 and provides insight into ways two organizations concerned with standards work together. Phase 2 has since been completed and TV-Anytime has been adopted by various international standards organizations dealing with telecommunications and is now in the implementation phase.

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Abstract

Web search engines are beginning to offer access to multimedia searching, including audio, video and image searching. In this paper we report findings from a study examining the state of multimedia search functionality on major general and specialized Web search engines. We investigated 102 Web search engines to examine: (1) how many Web search engines offer multimedia searching, (2) the type of multimedia search functionality and methods offered, such as "query by example", and (3) the supports for personalization or customization which are accessible as advanced search. Findings include: (1) few major Web search engines offer multimedia searching and (2) multimedia Web search functionality is generally limited. Our findings show that despite the increasing level of interest in multimedia Web search, those few Web search engines offering multimedia Web search, provide limited multimedia search functionality. Keywords are still the only means of multimedia retrieval, while other methods such as "query by example" are offered by less than 1% of Web search engines examined.

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Abstract

Real multimedia with full motion, full screen video, integrated with CD-audio quality sound, photo-realistic images and good text does not yet exist. Reviews in terms of quantity and quality existing products some of which might be better named quasi multimedia or illustrated databases. However, hardware and software now being developed for high quality sound should allow products with faster storage and transmission to be marketed at half present prices within 1 year

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Abstract

Presents the views of 7 European information professionals on the value and use of multimedia databases. The enjoyment of working with a colourful, well designed database may be very appealing, but not if it means that the cost of a search goes up. 4 factors will determine whether the promise of multimedia is realized: ease of use, including the ability to customise; platform independence; affordability; and the development of authoring tools that will allow information workers to create multimedia reports in the context of normal day to day activities

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Abstract

Over the past few years multimedia technology has matured dramatically and its widespread use in daily life is leading to the convergence of the entertainment, education and information industries. Describes some international projects which combine imaging and multimedia for the preservation of cultural heritage artifacts. Discusses issues facing the multimedia industry including standardization; database management; indexing multimedia, networked mutlimedia; intellectual property issues; legal issues; and the multimedia market. Considers the role of the information industry and the impact of multimedia technolgy on libraries and information centres

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Abstract

Describes the establishment of the Task force on description of interactive media, under the auspices of the American Library Association's Committee on Cataloguing, Description and Access, which led ultimately to the development of the guidelines for bibliographic description of interactive multimedia. Notes the problems in identifying interactive multimedia and the level of detail often needed to describe them

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Abstract

The 2 issues that are central to most of the discussions about the educational uses of electronic technology are sorting out the difference between potential and reality, and the question of timing. Describes the educational uses of multimedia, hypermedia and the Internet providing a taxonomy of the various applications and looking at how these technologies may be best used to deliver an improvement in the standard of educational practice

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Abstract

Multimedia offers the potential to allow users to interact with information as they might interact with a human expert. Despite this potential, most current multimedia is non-interactive and linear. While more information, delivered faster, in multiple media is good, it is also useless without a good interface. Discusses interface design and interface approaches

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Abstract

Relevance has been a difficult concept to define, let alone measure. In this paper, a simple operational definition of relevance is proposed for a Web-based library catalog: whether or not during a search session the user saves, prints, mails, or downloads a citation. If one of those actions is performed, the session is considered relevant to the user. An analysis is presented illustrating the advantages and disadvantages of this definition. With this definition and good transaction logging, it is possible to ascertain the relevance of a session. This was done for 905,970 sessions conducted with the University of California's Melvyl online catalog. Next, a methodology was developed to try to predict the relevance of a session. A number of variables were defined that characterize a session, none of which used any demographic information about the user. The values of the variables were computed for the sessions. Principal components analysis was used to extract a new set of variables out of the original set. A stratified random sampling technique was used to form ten strata such that each new strata of 90,570 sessions contained the same proportion of relevant to nonrelevant sessions. Logistic regression was used to ascertain the regression coefficients for nine of the ten strata. Then, the coefficients were used to predict the relevance of the sessions in the missing strata. Overall, 17.85% of the sessions were determined to be relevant. The predicted number of relevant sessions for all ten strata was 11 %, a 6.85% difference. The authors believe that the methodology can be further refined and the prediction improved. This methodology could also have significant application in improving user searching and also in predicting electronic commerce buying decisions without the use of personal demographic data

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Abstract

Searching for multimedia is an important activity for users of Web search engines. Studying user's interactions with Web search engine multimedia buttons, including image, audio, and video, is important for the development of multimedia Web search systems. This article provides results from a Weblog analysis study of multimedia Web searching by Dogpile users in 2006. The study analyzes the (a) duration, size, and structure of Web search queries and sessions; (b) user demographics; (c) most popular multimedia Web searching terms; and (d) use of advanced Web search techniques including Boolean and natural language. The current study findings are compared with results from previous multimedia Web searching studies. The key findings are: (a) Since 1997, image search consistently is the dominant media type searched followed by audio and video; (b) multimedia search duration is still short (>50% of searching episodes are <1 min), using few search terms; (c) many multimedia searches are for information about people, especially in audio search; and (d) multimedia search has begun to shift from entertainment to other categories such as medical, sports, and technology (based on the most repeated terms). Implications for design of Web multimedia search engines are discussed.

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Abstract

There are parallels between the early stages of development of interactive multimedia programs and the 'Primitive Mode of Representation' in early film. Findings from fieldwork analyzing children's use of 4 interactive multimedia programs are compared with a description of some features of early film and are used as the basis of a consideration of some of the problems faced by an audience encountering a nascent medium. Some of the methods which were adopted to facilitate the audience's understanding of films - the use of intertitles and a narrator - are considered, and discusses thesuitability for adaptation to interface design for multimedia programs

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Abstract

The library at Napier University in Edinburgh recently acquired a large collection of printed music, long playing records and compact discs which it was asked to catalogue as soon as possible. Reports research, and a small pilot system developed to illustrate that research, which was conducted for the purpose of answering the following questions: whether multimedia would be suitable for a musical environment; whether it would provide effective new search strategies; whether it woul be acceptable to the library community; and whether it would be cost effective. Describes the multimedia system, MUSICALIA, and how it works

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Abstract

Examines the question of what role publishers should play in the multimedia market. A real mass market for multimedia products is now emerging which presents many opportunities for publishers. Describes how multiple media moves the publishing paradigm from one that is publisher-centred to one that is user-oriented. Outlines the multimedia strategy at Simon & Schuster which revolves around decentralized product development through franchises. The education market has been the most profitable market for multimedia publishing with the business and professional market, particularly corporate training, also a significant area. Predicts that online publishing will increase but that the new media will never eclipse the bound book, although the boundaries between multiple media products and books will increasingly blur

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Abstract

This paper considers the issues surrounding the fit between information systems and organisation structures. The paper uses philosophical ideas concerning knowledge and applies them to organisational design and information processing in order to encourage alternative perspectives and new ideas. This is achieved by a discussion of the issues surrounding organisational design and the impact of design on information processing; an overview of the ideas concerning the theory of knowledge proposed from both a rational and an empirical viewpoint and how these relate to other epistemological theories such as historicism and pragmatism. The paper closes with a discussion of the means by which philosophical considerations can assist towards new forms of information processing.

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Abstract

The subject of this book is the relationship between people and interactive media. Written by one of the world's leading experts on this subject, this book explores how hypermedia, groupware, and networks change the way in which people, gropus and organizations work and interact. Its wide-ranging focus discusses the emergence of new technologies and demonstrates by considering real-life case studies the impact each has had on the way we view and interact with colleagues and information. With its emphasis on actual examples of usage, the author provides both practitioners and students with a fascinating glimpse of the future of these media and their applications.