-
Allan, J.; Callan, J.P.; Croft, W.B.; Ballesteros, L.; Broglio, J.; Xu, J.; Shu, H.: INQUERY at TREC-5 (1997)
0.09
0.08998393 = product of:
0.17996787 = sum of:
0.17996787 = sum of:
0.030923137 = weight(_text_:h in 3103) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030923137 = score(doc=3103,freq=2.0), product of:
0.11265446 = queryWeight, product of:
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.27449545 = fieldWeight in 3103, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3103)
0.08761008 = weight(_text_:j in 3103) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.08761008 = score(doc=3103,freq=6.0), product of:
0.14407988 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.608066 = fieldWeight in 3103, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3103)
0.061434645 = weight(_text_:22 in 3103) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.061434645 = score(doc=3103,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1587864 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.38690117 = fieldWeight in 3103, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3103)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 27. 2.1999 20:55:22
-
Tomaiuolo, N.G.; Parker, J.: Maximizing relevant retrieval : keyword and natural language searching (1998)
0.05
0.052274298 = product of:
0.104548596 = sum of:
0.104548596 = product of:
0.15682289 = sum of:
0.070814386 = weight(_text_:j in 6418) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.070814386 = score(doc=6418,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14407988 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.4914939 = fieldWeight in 6418, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=6418)
0.0860085 = weight(_text_:22 in 6418) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0860085 = score(doc=6418,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1587864 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.5416616 = fieldWeight in 6418, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=6418)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Online. 22(1998) no.6, S.57-58
-
Ng, K.B.; Loewenstern, D.; Basu, C.; Hirsh, H.; Kantor, P.B.: Data fusion of machine-learning methods for the TREC5 routing tak (and other work) (1997)
0.03
0.03078593 = product of:
0.06157186 = sum of:
0.06157186 = product of:
0.092357785 = sum of:
0.030923137 = weight(_text_:h in 3107) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030923137 = score(doc=3107,freq=2.0), product of:
0.11265446 = queryWeight, product of:
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.27449545 = fieldWeight in 3107, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3107)
0.061434645 = weight(_text_:22 in 3107) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.061434645 = score(doc=3107,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1587864 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.38690117 = fieldWeight in 3107, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3107)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 27. 2.1999 20:59:22
-
Hull, D.; Grefenstette, G.; Schulze, B.M.; Gaussier, E.; Schütze, H.; Pedersen, J.: Xerox TREC-5 site reports : routing, filtering, NLP, and Spanisch tracks (1997)
0.03
0.02716828 = product of:
0.05433656 = sum of:
0.05433656 = product of:
0.08150484 = sum of:
0.030923137 = weight(_text_:h in 3096) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030923137 = score(doc=3096,freq=2.0), product of:
0.11265446 = queryWeight, product of:
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.27449545 = fieldWeight in 3096, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3096)
0.0505817 = weight(_text_:j in 3096) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0505817 = score(doc=3096,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14407988 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.35106707 = fieldWeight in 3096, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3096)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Turtle, H.; Flood, J.: Query evaluation : strategies and optimizations (1995)
0.02
0.021734625 = product of:
0.04346925 = sum of:
0.04346925 = product of:
0.065203875 = sum of:
0.02473851 = weight(_text_:h in 4087) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.02473851 = score(doc=4087,freq=2.0), product of:
0.11265446 = queryWeight, product of:
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.21959636 = fieldWeight in 4087, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4087)
0.040465362 = weight(_text_:j in 4087) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.040465362 = score(doc=4087,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14407988 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.28085366 = fieldWeight in 4087, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4087)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Strzalkowski, T.; Guthrie, L.; Karlgren, J.; Leistensnider, J.; Lin, F.; Perez-Carballo, J.; Straszheim, T.; Wang, J.; Wilding, J.: Natural language information retrieval : TREC-5 report (1997)
0.02
0.018850688 = product of:
0.037701376 = sum of:
0.037701376 = product of:
0.11310413 = sum of:
0.11310413 = weight(_text_:j in 3100) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.11310413 = score(doc=3100,freq=10.0), product of:
0.14407988 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.78500986 = fieldWeight in 3100, product of:
3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
10.0 = termFreq=10.0
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3100)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Pal, S.; Mitra, M.; Kamps, J.: Evaluation effort, reliability and reusability in XML retrieval (2011)
0.02
0.018669393 = product of:
0.037338786 = sum of:
0.037338786 = product of:
0.056008175 = sum of:
0.02529085 = weight(_text_:j in 4197) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.02529085 = score(doc=4197,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14407988 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.17553353 = fieldWeight in 4197, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4197)
0.030717323 = weight(_text_:22 in 4197) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030717323 = score(doc=4197,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1587864 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 4197, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4197)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 22. 1.2011 14:20:56
-
Yerbury, H.; Parker, J.: Novice searchers' use of familiar structures in searching bibliographic information retrieval systems (1998)
0.02
0.016300969 = product of:
0.032601938 = sum of:
0.032601938 = product of:
0.048902903 = sum of:
0.018553881 = weight(_text_:h in 2874) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.018553881 = score(doc=2874,freq=2.0), product of:
0.11265446 = queryWeight, product of:
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.16469726 = fieldWeight in 2874, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2874)
0.030349022 = weight(_text_:j in 2874) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030349022 = score(doc=2874,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14407988 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.21064025 = fieldWeight in 2874, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2874)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Chen, H.; Martinez, J.; Kirchhoff, A.; Ng, T.D.; Schatz, B.R.: Alleviating search uncertainty through concept associations : automatic indexing, co-occurence analysis, and parallel computing (1998)
0.02
0.016300969 = product of:
0.032601938 = sum of:
0.032601938 = product of:
0.048902903 = sum of:
0.018553881 = weight(_text_:h in 5202) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.018553881 = score(doc=5202,freq=2.0), product of:
0.11265446 = queryWeight, product of:
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.16469726 = fieldWeight in 5202, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5202)
0.030349022 = weight(_text_:j in 5202) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030349022 = score(doc=5202,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14407988 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.21064025 = fieldWeight in 5202, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5202)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Munkelt, J.; Schaer, P.; Lepsky, K.: Towards an IR test collection for the German National Library (2018)
0.02
0.016300969 = product of:
0.032601938 = sum of:
0.032601938 = product of:
0.048902903 = sum of:
0.018553881 = weight(_text_:h in 4311) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.018553881 = score(doc=4311,freq=2.0), product of:
0.11265446 = queryWeight, product of:
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.16469726 = fieldWeight in 4311, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4311)
0.030349022 = weight(_text_:j in 4311) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030349022 = score(doc=4311,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14407988 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.21064025 = fieldWeight in 4311, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4311)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- Automatic content indexing is one of the innovations that are increasingly changing the way libraries work. In theory, it promises a cataloguing service that would hardly be possible with humans in terms of speed, quantity and maybe quality. The German National Library (DNB) has also recognised this potential and is increasingly relying on the automatic indexing of their catalogue content. The DNB took a major step in this direction in 2017, which was announced in two papers. The announcement was rather restrained, but the content of the papers is all the more explosive for the library community: Since September 2017, the DNB has discontinued the intellectual indexing of series Band H and has switched to an automatic process for these series. The subject indexing of online publications (series O) has been purely automatical since 2010; from September 2017, monographs and periodicals published outside the publishing industry and university publications will no longer be indexed by people. This raises the question: What is the quality of the automatic indexing compared to the manual work or in other words to which degree can the automatic indexing replace people without a signi cant drop in regards to quality?
-
Chu, H.: Factors affecting relevance judgment : a report from TREC Legal track (2011)
0.02
0.015392965 = product of:
0.03078593 = sum of:
0.03078593 = product of:
0.046178892 = sum of:
0.015461569 = weight(_text_:h in 4540) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.015461569 = score(doc=4540,freq=2.0), product of:
0.11265446 = queryWeight, product of:
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.13724773 = fieldWeight in 4540, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4540)
0.030717323 = weight(_text_:22 in 4540) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.030717323 = score(doc=4540,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1587864 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 4540, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4540)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 12. 7.2011 18:29:22
-
Voorhees, E.M.; Harman, D.: Overview of the Sixth Text REtrieval Conference (TREC-6) (2000)
0.01
0.014334749 = product of:
0.028669499 = sum of:
0.028669499 = product of:
0.0860085 = sum of:
0.0860085 = weight(_text_:22 in 6438) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0860085 = score(doc=6438,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1587864 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.5416616 = fieldWeight in 6438, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=6438)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 11. 8.2001 16:22:19
-
Dalrymple, P.W.: Retrieval by reformulation in two library catalogs : toward a cognitive model of searching behavior (1990)
0.01
0.014334749 = product of:
0.028669499 = sum of:
0.028669499 = product of:
0.0860085 = sum of:
0.0860085 = weight(_text_:22 in 5089) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0860085 = score(doc=5089,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1587864 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.5416616 = fieldWeight in 5089, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=5089)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 22. 7.2006 18:43:54
-
Allan, J.; Croft, W.B.; Callan, J.: ¬The University of Massachusetts and a dozen TRECs (2005)
0.01
0.014306667 = product of:
0.028613335 = sum of:
0.028613335 = product of:
0.08584 = sum of:
0.08584 = weight(_text_:j in 5086) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.08584 = score(doc=5086,freq=4.0), product of:
0.14407988 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.5957806 = fieldWeight in 5086, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5086)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Callan, J.; Croft, W.B.; Broglio, J.: TREC and TIPSTER experiments with INQUERY (1995)
0.01
0.011922222 = product of:
0.023844443 = sum of:
0.023844443 = product of:
0.07153333 = sum of:
0.07153333 = weight(_text_:j in 1944) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.07153333 = score(doc=1944,freq=4.0), product of:
0.14407988 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.4964838 = fieldWeight in 1944, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1944)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
McGill, M.J.; Huitfeldt, J.: Experimental techniques of information retrieval (1979)
0.01
0.011802398 = product of:
0.023604795 = sum of:
0.023604795 = product of:
0.070814386 = sum of:
0.070814386 = weight(_text_:j in 279) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.070814386 = score(doc=279,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14407988 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.4914939 = fieldWeight in 279, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=279)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Robertson, S.; Callan, J.: Routing and filtering (2005)
0.01
0.011802398 = product of:
0.023604795 = sum of:
0.023604795 = product of:
0.070814386 = sum of:
0.070814386 = weight(_text_:j in 4688) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.070814386 = score(doc=4688,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14407988 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.4914939 = fieldWeight in 4688, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4688)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Saracevic, T.: On a method for studying the structure and nature of requests in information retrieval (1983)
0.01
0.0102391075 = product of:
0.020478215 = sum of:
0.020478215 = product of:
0.061434645 = sum of:
0.061434645 = weight(_text_:22 in 2417) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.061434645 = score(doc=2417,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1587864 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.38690117 = fieldWeight in 2417, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2417)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Pages
- S.22-25
-
Kilgour, F.G.: Retrieval on information from computerized book texts (1989)
0.01
0.010116341 = product of:
0.020232681 = sum of:
0.020232681 = product of:
0.060698044 = sum of:
0.060698044 = weight(_text_:j in 2965) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.060698044 = score(doc=2965,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14407988 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.4212805 = fieldWeight in 2965, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2965)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Academic librarianship past, present, and future. A festschrift in honor of David Kaser: Ed. by J. Richardson u. J.Y. Davis
-
Strzalkowski, T.; Perez-Carballo, J.: Natural language information retrieval : TREC-4 report (1996)
0.01
0.010116341 = product of:
0.020232681 = sum of:
0.020232681 = product of:
0.060698044 = sum of:
0.060698044 = weight(_text_:j in 3211) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.060698044 = score(doc=3211,freq=2.0), product of:
0.14407988 = queryWeight, product of:
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.04534384 = queryNorm
0.4212805 = fieldWeight in 3211, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.1774964 = idf(docFreq=5010, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3211)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
