-
Hotho, A.; Bloehdorn, S.: Data Mining 2004 : Text classification by boosting weak learners based on terms and concepts (2004)
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- Content
- Vgl.: http://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CEAQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fdownload%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.91.4940%26rep%3Drep1%26type%3Dpdf&ei=dOXrUMeIDYHDtQahsIGACg&usg=AFQjCNHFWVh6gNPvnOrOS9R3rkrXCNVD-A&sig2=5I2F5evRfMnsttSgFF9g7Q&bvm=bv.1357316858,d.Yms.
- Date
- 8. 1.2013 10:22:32
- Imprint
- Washington, DC : IEEE Computer Society
-
Head, M.; Archer, N.; Yuan, Y.: World Wide Web navigation aid (2000)
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- Source
- International journal of human-computer studies. 52(2000) no.2, S.301-330
-
Harrison, L.: Access to online learning : the role of the courseware authoring tool developer (2002)
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- Abstract
- Implementation of recommended design strategies can potentially allow any Web-based learning program to be made accessible to learners who use adaptive technologies. However, one of the greatest barriers to achieving this goal is the lack of authoring tools that support course content developers in adhering to existing accessibility guidelines. In order to ensure universal access, attention must be given to Web pages generated automatically by courseware programs, as well as those uploaded from an external source. Courseware authoring environments could easily include utilities to support developers in making their online resources accessible. This paper will review products recently available on the market using the guidelines published by the World Wide Web Consortium's Web Accessibility Initiative as a framework for analysis.
- Content
- Part of a Special Issue: Accessibility of web-based information resources for people with disabilities: part 2. Vgl. auch unter: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/07378830210452631.
- Theme
- Computer Based Training
-
Munson, K.I.: Internet search engines : understanding their design to improve information retrieval (2000)
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- Abstract
- The relationship between the methods currently used for indexing the World Wide Web and the programs, languages, and protocols on which the World Wide Web is based is examined. Two methods for indexing the Web are described, directories being briefly discussed while search engines are considered in detail. The automated approach used to create these tools is examined with special emphasis on the parts of a document used in indexing. Shortcomings of the approach are described. Suggestions for effective use of Web search engines are given
-
Hemminger, B.M.; Losi, T.; Bauers, A.: Survey of bioinformatics programs in the United States. (2005)
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- Abstract
- Bioinformatics is a rapidly growing field, and educational programs for bioinformatics are increasing at a similar pace to answer the demand for qualified professionals. Here we survey currently available bioinformatics programs. We have compiled summaries of these programs, including university, state, degree type, department, entrance requirements, degree requirements, links to course Web pages, research interests, and funding. Complete details are presented in the Web version, and an abbreviated listing of the primary attributes of all programs is included in this article.
- Date
- 22. 7.2006 14:41:40
-
Vetere, G.; Lenzerini, M.: Models for semantic interoperability in service-oriented architectures (2005)
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- Content
- Vgl.: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=5386707&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D5386707.
-
Doszkocs, T.E.; Zamora, A.: Dictionary services and spelling aids for Web searching (2004)
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- Abstract
- The Specialized Information Services Division (SIS) of the National Library of Medicine (NLM) provides Web access to more than a dozen scientific databases on toxicology and the environment on TOXNET . Search queries on TOXNET often include misspelled or variant English words, medical and scientific jargon and chemical names. Following the example of search engines like Google and ClinicalTrials.gov, we set out to develop a spelling "suggestion" system for increased recall and precision in TOXNET searching. This paper describes development of dictionary technology that can be used in a variety of applications such as orthographic verification, writing aid, natural language processing, and information storage and retrieval. The design of the technology allows building complex applications using the components developed in the earlier phases of the work in a modular fashion without extensive rewriting of computer code. Since many of the potential applications envisioned for this work have on-line or web-based interfaces, the dictionaries and other computer components must have fast response, and must be adaptable to open-ended database vocabularies, including chemical nomenclature. The dictionary vocabulary for this work was derived from SIS and other databases and specialized resources, such as NLM's Unified Medical Language Systems (UMLS) . The resulting technology, A-Z Dictionary (AZdict), has three major constituents: 1) the vocabulary list, 2) the word attributes that define part of speech and morphological relationships between words in the list, and 3) a set of programs that implements the retrieval of words and their attributes, and determines similarity between words (ChemSpell). These three components can be used in various applications such as spelling verification, spelling aid, part-of-speech tagging, paraphrasing, and many other natural language processing functions.
- Date
- 14. 8.2004 17:22:56
- Source
- Online. 28(2004) no.3, S.22-29
-
Park, J.-r.; Lu, C.; Marion, L.: Cataloging professionals in the digital environment : a content analysis of job descriptions (2009)
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- Abstract
- This study assesses the current state of responsibilities and skill sets required of cataloging professionals. It identifies emerging roles and competencies focusing on the digital environment and relates these to the established knowledge of traditional cataloging standards and practices. We conducted a content analysis of 349 job descriptions advertised in AutoCAT in 2005-2006. Multivariate techniques of cluster and multidimensional-scaling analyses were applied to the data. Analysis of job titles, required and preferred qualifications/skills, and responsibilities lends perspective to the roles that cataloging professionals play in the digital environment. Technological advances increasingly demand knowledge and skills related to electronic resource management, metadata creation, and computer and Web applications. Emerging knowledge and skill sets are increasingly being integrated into the core technical aspects of cataloging such as bibliographic and authority control and integrated library-system management. Management of cataloging functions is also in high demand. The results of the study provide insight on current and future curriculum design of library and information-science programs.
- Date
- 22. 3.2009 19:20:24
-
Lavoie, B.F.; O'Neill, E.T.: How "World Wide" Is the Web? : Trends in the Internationalization of Web Sites (2001)
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- Date
- 7.10.2002 9:22:14
-
Broccoli, K.; Ravenswaay, G.V.: Web indexing : anchors away! (2000)
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- Abstract
- In this chapter we turn to embedded indexing for the Internet, frequently called Web indexing. We will define Web indexes; describe the structure of entries for Web indexes; present some of the challenges that Web indexers face; and compare Web indexes to search engines. One of the difficulties in defining Web indexes is their relative newness. The first pages were placed on the World Wide Web in 1991 when Tim Berners Lee, its founder, uploaded four files. We are in a period of transition, moving from using well-established forms of writing and communications to others that are still in their infancy. Paramount among these is the Web. For indexers, this is an uncharted voyage where we must jettison firmly established ideas while developing new ones. Where the voyage will end is anyone's guess.
- Issue
- Beyond book indexing: how to get started in Web indexing, embedded indexing and other computer-based media. Ed. by D. Brenner u. M. Rowland.
-
Parmanto, B.; Zeng, X.: Metric for Web accessibility evaluation (2005)
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- Abstract
- A novel metric for quantitatively measuring the content accessibility of the Web for persons with disabilities is proposed. The metric is based an the Web Content Accessibility Guldelines (WCAG) checkpoints, an internationally accepted standard, that can be automatically tested using computer programs. Problems with current accessibility evaluation and the need for a good Web accessibility metric are discussed. The proposed metric is intended to overcome the deficiencies of the current measurements used in Web accessibility studies. The proposed metric meets the requirements as a measurement for scientific research. Examples of large-scale Web accessibility evaluations using the metric are given. The examples cover a comparison of Web accessibility of top medical journal Web sites and a longitudinal study of a Web site over time. The validity of the metric was tested using a large number of Web sites with different levels of compliance (rating categories) to the standard WCAG. The metric, which uses a predetermined simple weighting scheme, compares weIl to the more complex C5.0 machine learning algorithm in separating Web sites into different rating categories.
-
Connell, T.H.; Prabha, C.: Characteristics of resources represented in the OCLC CORC database (2002)
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- Abstract
- More and more libraries are providing access to Web resources through OCLC's (Online Computer Resource Center) Cooperative Online Resource Catalog (CORC) and, by extension, OCLC's WorldCat database. The ability to use a database to its maximum potential depends upon understanding what a database contains and the guidelines for its construction. This study examines the characteristics of Web resources in CORC in terms of their subject matter, the source of the content, publication patterns, and the units of information chosen for representation in the database. The majority of the 414 resources in the sample belonged to the social sciences. Academic libraries and government agencies contributed more than 90% of the records for resources in the sample. Using the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2d edition (AACR2) definitions for publication patterns that are part of the upcoming 2002 amendments reveals that nearly half of the sample fell into the category of integrating resources. Identifying units of representation of the resources described was more difficult. Existing definitions for Web units in development are not adequate to describe all of the resources in the sample. In addition, there is wide variability in the units of representation chosen for inclusion by the libraries contributing records, resulting in little predictability in what units of information might be found in the database.
- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
-
Mas, S.; Marleau, Y.: Proposition of a faceted classification model to support corporate information organization and digital records management (2009)
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- Footnote
- Vgl.: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/login.jsp?reload=true&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fiel5%2F4755313%2F4755314%2F04755480.pdf%3Farnumber%3D4755480&authDecision=-203.
-
Moncrief, L.: Indexing computer-related documents (2000)
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- Abstract
- The explosion in personal computing and in computer technology has brought a wealth of opportunities for indexers. Annually, traditional publishers produce numerous books on computer topics, while software and hardware companies constantly issue new products with manuals that require indexes. Indexers can find work with these high-technology publishers or can subcontract with technical documentation firms or with freelance technical writers. The range of audiences for computer-related documents is wide and varied, as is the range of topics. These documents are not limited to end-user software manuals, but include programming, Internet, and networking topics among others. Hardware companies, in addition to computer manufacturers, are also a good potential source of clients. Many hardware products have a sizeable software component that requires its own set of indexed manuals. There are advantages and disadvantages to working with high-technology companies (and their contractors) vs. working with traditional publishers. It is simply a matter of personal taste which type of client you prefer. I have truly enjoyed working with both.
- Issue
- Beyond book indexing: how to get started in Web indexing, embedded indexing and other computer-based media. Ed. by D. Brenner u. M. Rowland.
-
Johnson, A.M.; Ruppert, S.: ¬An evaluation of accessibility in online learning management systems (2002)
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- Abstract
- Millions of computer users in the USA have a disability making it difficult to use the Web. The University of Wisconsin System recently required that all System Web pages meet Priority 1 accessibility guidelines as set by the World Wide Web Consortium's Web Accessibility Initiative (W3C/WAI). Class materials available in online learning management systems should also be accessible to students with disabilities. Four systems, Blackboard 4 and 5, Prometheus 3, and WebCT 3, were assessed against theW3C/WAI guidelines for a numerical statistic of accessibility. Practical accessibility was tested with Lynx, IBM Homepage Reader, and JAWS. Validation was performed with A-Prompt and the W3C/WAI checklist.
- Content
- Part of a Special Issue: Accessibility of web-based information resources for people with disabilities: part 2. Vgl. auch unter: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/07378830210452640.
- Theme
- Computer Based Training
-
González-Alcaide, G.; Castelló-Cogollos, L.; Navarro-Molina, C.; Aleixandre-Benavent, R.; Valderrama-Zurián, J.C.: Library and information science research areas : analysis of journal articles in LISA (2008)
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- Abstract
- The main fields of research in Library Science and Documentation are identified by quantifying the frequency of appearance and the analysis of co-occurrence of the descriptors assigned to 11,273 indexed works in the Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA) database for the 2004-2005 period. The analysis made has enabled three major core research areas to be identified: World Wide Web, Libraries and Education. There are a further 12 areas of research with specific development, one connected with the library sphere and another 11 connected with the World Wide Web and Internet: Networks, Computer Security, Information technologies, Electronic Resources, Electronic Publications, Bibliometrics, Electronic Commerce, Computer applications, Medicine, Searches and Online Information retrieval.
-
Connolly, D.A.: ¬The many uses of Email discussion lists (2000)
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- Abstract
- If you want to let other indexers know about a great new medical dictionary, discuss the pros and cons of using prepositions in subentries, find an indexer in Phoenix, or maybe share some marketing tips, then consider joining an email discussion list. Email discussion lists provide numerous tools and opportunities for indexers, especially for freelancers. Despite the rapid growth of Web- and graphical-based communication, email remains the linchpin of electronic communication. While the World Wide Web has become ubiquitous in our society, email remains the most reliable form of electronic communication. Email access is more prevalent than Web access, less cumbersome, and some would say, more egalitarian. Despite improvements over time, Web access is not available in equal quality or proportion to email access, especially in poorer or developing areas. Indeed, many users who have access to both restrict their use of the Web for important research efforts, and maintain nearconstant connection with their email servers for daily business
- Issue
- Beyond book indexing: how to get started in Web indexing, embedded indexing and other computer-based media. Ed. by D. Brenner u. M. Rowland.
-
Thelwall, M.; Vaughan, L.: Webometrics : an introduction to the special issue (2004)
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- Abstract
- Webometrics, the quantitative study of Web phenomena, is a field encompassing contributions from information science, computer science, and statistical physics. Its methodology draws especially from bibliometrics. This special issue presents contributions that both push for ward the field and illustrate a wide range of webometric approaches.
-
Bednarek, A.R.: Boolean algebras (2009)
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- Abstract
- Boolean algebra, named after the 19th century mathematician and logician, George Boole, has contributed to many aspects of computer science and information science. In information science, Boolean logic forms the basis of most end-user search systems, from searches in online databases and catalogs, to uses of search engines in information seeking on the World Wide Web.
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Yang, C.C.; Luk, J.: Automatic generation of English/Chinese thesaurus based on a parallel corpus in laws (2003)
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- Abstract
- The information available in languages other than English in the World Wide Web is increasing significantly. According to a report from Computer Economics in 1999, 54% of Internet users are English speakers ("English Will Dominate Web for Only Three More Years," Computer Economics, July 9, 1999, http://www.computereconomics. com/new4/pr/pr990610.html). However, it is predicted that there will be only 60% increase in Internet users among English speakers verses a 150% growth among nonEnglish speakers for the next five years. By 2005, 57% of Internet users will be non-English speakers. A report by CNN.com in 2000 showed that the number of Internet users in China had been increased from 8.9 million to 16.9 million from January to June in 2000 ("Report: China Internet users double to 17 million," CNN.com, July, 2000, http://cnn.org/2000/TECH/computing/07/27/ china.internet.reut/index.html). According to Nielsen/ NetRatings, there was a dramatic leap from 22.5 millions to 56.6 millions Internet users from 2001 to 2002. China had become the second largest global at-home Internet population in 2002 (US's Internet population was 166 millions) (Robyn Greenspan, "China Pulls Ahead of Japan," Internet.com, April 22, 2002, http://cyberatias.internet.com/big-picture/geographics/article/0,,5911_1013841,00. html). All of the evidences reveal the importance of crosslingual research to satisfy the needs in the near future. Digital library research has been focusing in structural and semantic interoperability in the past. Searching and retrieving objects across variations in protocols, formats and disciplines are widely explored (Schatz, B., & Chen, H. (1999). Digital libraries: technological advances and social impacts. IEEE Computer, Special Issue an Digital Libraries, February, 32(2), 45-50.; Chen, H., Yen, J., & Yang, C.C. (1999). International activities: development of Asian digital libraries. IEEE Computer, Special Issue an Digital Libraries, 32(2), 48-49.). However, research in crossing language boundaries, especially across European languages and Oriental languages, is still in the initial stage. In this proposal, we put our focus an cross-lingual semantic interoperability by developing automatic generation of a cross-lingual thesaurus based an English/Chinese parallel corpus. When the searchers encounter retrieval problems, Professional librarians usually consult the thesaurus to identify other relevant vocabularies. In the problem of searching across language boundaries, a cross-lingual thesaurus, which is generated by co-occurrence analysis and Hopfield network, can be used to generate additional semantically relevant terms that cannot be obtained from dictionary. In particular, the automatically generated cross-lingual thesaurus is able to capture the unknown words that do not exist in a dictionary, such as names of persons, organizations, and events. Due to Hong Kong's unique history background, both English and Chinese are used as official languages in all legal documents. Therefore, English/Chinese cross-lingual information retrieval is critical for applications in courts and the government. In this paper, we develop an automatic thesaurus by the Hopfield network based an a parallel corpus collected from the Web site of the Department of Justice of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) Government. Experiments are conducted to measure the precision and recall of the automatic generated English/Chinese thesaurus. The result Shows that such thesaurus is a promising tool to retrieve relevant terms, especially in the language that is not the same as the input term. The direct translation of the input term can also be retrieved in most of the cases.
- Footnote
- Teil eines Themenheftes: "Web retrieval and mining: A machine learning perspective"
