Search (239 results, page 1 of 12)

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Date

22. 3.2008 14:29:25

LCSH

User interfaces (Computer systems)
Information display systems / Formatting

Subject

User interfaces (Computer systems)
Information display systems / Formatting

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Abstract

Visual Interfaces to Digital Libraries exploit the power of human vision and spatial cognition to help individuals mentally organize and electronically access and manage large and complex information spaces. They draw on progress in the field of information visualization and seek to shift the users' mental load from slow reading to faster perceptual processes such as visual pattern recognition.Based on two workshops, the book presents an introductory overview as well as a closing listing of the top ten problems in the area by the volume editors. Also included are 16 thoroughly reviewed and revised full papers organized in topical sections on visual interfaces to documents, document parts, document variants, and document usage data; visual interfaces to image and video documents; visualization of knowledge domains; cartographic interfaces to digital libraries; and a general framework.

Content

Enthält die Beiträge: Katy Börner and Chaomei Chen: Visual Interfaces to Digital Libraries: Motivation, Utilization, and Socio-technical Challenges - Part I. Visual interfaces to Documents, Document Parts, Document Variants, and Document Usage Data - George Buchanan, Ann Blandford, Matt Jones, and Harold Thimbleby: Spatial Hypertext as a Reader Tool in Digital Libraries; Michael Christoffel and Bethina Schmitt: Accessing Libraries as Easy as a Game; Carlos Monroy, Rajiv Kochumman, Richard Furuta, and Eduardo Urbina: Interactive Timeline Viewer (ItLv): A Tool to Visualize Variants Among Documents; Mischa Weiss-Lijn, Janet T. McDonnell, and Leslie James: An Empirical Evaluation of the Interactive Visualization of Metadata to Support Document Use; Stephen G. Eick: Visual Analysis of Website Browsing Patterns - Part II. Visual Interfaces to Image and Video Documents - Adrian Graham, Hector Garcia-Molina, Andreas Paepcke, and Terry Winograd: Extreme Temporal Photo Browsing; Michael G. Christel: Accessing News Video Libraries through Dynamic Information Extraction, Summarization, and Visualization; Anselm Spoerri: Handwritten Notes as a Visual Interface to Index, Edit and Publish Audio/Video Highlights - Part III. Visualization of Knowledge Domains - Jan W. Buzydlowski, Howard D. White, and Xia Lin: Term Co-occurrence Analysis as an Interface for Digital Libraries; Kevin W. Boyack, Brian N. Wylie, and George S. Davidson: Information Visualization, Human-Computer Interaction, and Cognitive Psychology: Domain Visualizations - Part IV. Cartographic Interfaces to Digital Libraries - André Skupin: On Geometry and Transformation in Map-Like Information Visualization; Guoray Cai: GeoVIBE: A Visual Interface for Geographic Digital Libraries: Teong Joo Ong, John J. Leggett, Hugh D. Wilson, Stephan L. Hatch, and Monique D. Reed: Interactive Information Visualization in the Digital Flora of Texas; Dan Ancona, Mike Freeston, Terry Smith, and Sara Fabrikant: Visual Explorations for the Alexandria Digital Earth Prototype - Part V. Towards a General Framework - Rao Shen, Jun Wang, and Edward A. Fox: A Lightweight Protocol between Digital Libraries and Visualization Systems; Chaomei Chen and Katy Börner: Top Ten Problems in Visual Interfaces to Digital Libraries

Date

22. 2.2003 17:25:39
22. 3.2008 15:02:37

LCSH

User interfaces (Computer systems) / Congresses

Subject

User interfaces (Computer systems) / Congresses

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Abstract

This book outlines the human side of the information seeking process, and focuses on the aspects of this process that can best be supported by the user interface. It describes the methods behind user interface design generally, and search interface design in particular, with an emphasis on how best to evaluate search interfaces. It discusses research results and current practices surrounding user interfaces for query specification, display of retrieval results, grouping retrieval results, navigation of information collections, query reformulation, search personalization, and the broader tasks of sensemaking and text analysis. Much of the discussion pertains to Web search engines, but the book also covers the special considerations surrounding search of other information collections.

Content

Inhalt: The design of search user interfaces -- The evaluation of search user interfaces -- Models of the information seeking process -- Query specification -- Presentation of search results -- Query reformulation -- Supporting the search process -- Integrating navigation with search -- Personalization in search -- Information visualization for search interfaces -- Information visualization for text analysis -- Emerging trends in search interfaces. Vgl. die digitale Fassung unter: http://searchuserinterfaces.com.

LCSH

User interfaces (Computer systems)

Subject

User interfaces (Computer systems)

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Abstract

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, ECDL 2007, held in Budapest, Hungary, in September 2007. The 36 revised full papers presented together with the extended abstracts of 36 revised poster, demo papers and 2 panel descriptions were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 153 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on ontologies, digital libraries and the web, models, multimedia and multilingual DLs, grid and peer-to-peer, preservation, user interfaces, document linking, information retrieval, personal information management, new DL applications, and user studies.

Content

Inhalt u.a.: Ontologies - Ontology-Based Question Answering for Digital Libraries / Stephan Bloehdorn, Philipp Cimiano, Alistair Duke, Peter Haase, Jörg Heizmann, Ian Thurlow and Johanna Völker Digital libraries and the Web Models Multimedia and multilingual DLs - Roadmap for MultiLingual Information Access in the European Library / Maristella Agosti, Martin Braschler, Nicola Ferro, Carol Peters and Sjoerd Siebinga Grid and peer-to-peer Preservation User interfaces Document linking Information retrieval - Thesaurus-Based Feedback to Support Mixed Search and Browsing Environments / Edgar Meij and Maarten de Rijke - Extending Semantic Matching Towards Digital Library Contexts / László Kovács and András Micsik Personal information management New DL applications User studies

LCSH

Information storage and retrieval systems
Information systems
Multimedia systems
Information Systems Applications (incl.Internet
Multimedia Information Systems
User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction

Subject

Information storage and retrieval systems
Information systems
Multimedia systems
Information Systems Applications (incl.Internet
Multimedia Information Systems
User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction

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Abstract

The scale of web site design has grown so that what was once comparable to decorating a room is now comparable to designing buildings or even cities. Designing sites so that people can find their way around is an ever-growing challenge as sites contain more and more information. In the past, Information Architecture for the World Wide Web has helped developers and designers establish consistent and usable structures for their sites and their information. This edition of the classic primer on web site design and navigation is updated with recent examples, new scenarios, and new information on best practices. Readers will learn how to present large volumes of information to visitors who need to find what they're looking for quickly. With topics that range from aesthetics to mechanics, this valuable book explains how to create interfaces that users can understand easily.

Date

22. 3.2008 16:18:27

LCSH

Information storage and retrieval systems / Architecture

Subject

Information storage and retrieval systems / Architecture

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Abstract

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, ECDL 2003, held in Trondheim, Norway in August 2003. The 39 revised full papers and 8 revised short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 161 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on uses, users, and user interfaces; metadata applications; annotation and recommendation; automatic classification and indexing; Web technologies; topical crawling and subject gateways; architectures and systems; knowledge organization; collection building and management; information retrieval; digital preservation; and indexing and searching of special documents and collection information.

Content

Inhalt: Uses, Users, and User Interaction Metadata Applications - Semantic Browsing / Alexander Faaborg, Carl Lagoze Annotation and Recommendation Automatic Classification and Indexing - Cross-Lingual Text Categorization / Nuria Bel, Cornelis H.A. Koster, Marta Villegas - Automatic Multi-label Subject Indexing in a Multilingual Environment / Boris Lauser, Andreas Hotho Web Technologies Topical Crawling, Subject Gateways - VASCODA: A German Scientific Portal for Cross-Searching Distributed Digital Resource Collections / Heike Neuroth, Tamara Pianos Architectures and Systems Knowledge Organization: Concepts - The ADEPT Concept-Based Digital Learning Environment / T.R. Smith, D. Ancona, O. Buchel, M. Freeston, W. Heller, R. Nottrott, T. Tierney, A. Ushakov - A User Evaluation of Hierarchical Phrase Browsing / Katrina D. Edgar, David M. Nichols, Gordon W. Paynter, Kirsten Thomson, Ian H. Witten - Visual Semantic Modeling of Digital Libraries / Qinwei Zhu, Marcos Andre Gongalves, Rao Shen, Lillian Cassell, Edward A. Fox Collection Building and Management Knowledge Organization: Authorities and Works - Automatic Conversion from MARC to FRBR / Christian Monch, Trond Aalberg Information Retrieval in Different Application Areas Digital Preservation Indexing and Searching of Special Document and Collection Information

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Abstract

For its third edition this standard text on knowledge organization and retrieval has been extensively revised and restructured to accommodate the increased significance of electronic information resources. With the help of many new sections on topics such as information retrieval via the Web, metadata and managing information retrieval systems, the book explains principles relating to hybrid print-based and electronic, networked environments experienced by today's users. Part I, Information Basics, explores the nature of information and knowledge and their incorporation into documents. Part II, Records, focuses specifically on electronic databases for accessing print or electronic media. Part III, Access, explores the range of tools for accessing information resources and covers interfaces, indexing and searching languages, classification, thesauri and catalogue and bibliographic access points. Finally, Part IV, Systems, describes the contexts through which knowledge can be organized and retrieved, including OPACs, the Internet, CD-ROMs, online search services and printed indexes and documents. This book is a comprehensive and accessible introduction to knowledge organization for both undergraduate and postgraduate students of information management and information systems

LCSH

Information storage and retrieval systems / Management

Subject

Information storage and retrieval systems / Management

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Abstract

Improvements in network bandwidth along with dramatic drops in digital storage and processing costs have resulted in the explosive growth of multimedia (combinations of text, image, audio, and video) resources on the Internet and in digital repositories. A suite of computer technologies delivering speech, image, and natural language understanding can automatically derive descriptive metadata for such resources. Difficulties for end users ensue, however, with the tremendous volume and varying quality of automated metadata for multimedia information systems. This lecture surveys automatic metadata creation methods for dealing with multimedia information resources, using broadcast news, documentaries, and oral histories as examples. Strategies for improving the utility of such metadata are discussed, including computationally intensive approaches, leveraging multimodal redundancy, folding in context, and leaving precision-recall tradeoffs under user control. Interfaces building from automatically generated metadata are presented, illustrating the use of video surrogates in multimedia information systems. Traditional information retrieval evaluation is discussed through the annual National Institute of Standards and Technology TRECVID forum, with experiments on exploratory search extending the discussion beyond fact-finding to broader, longer term search activities of learning, analysis, synthesis, and discovery.

Content

Table of Contents: Evolution of Multimedia Information Systems: 1990-2008 / Survey of Automatic Metadata Creation Methods / Refinement of Automatic Metadata / Multimedia Surrogates / End-User Utility for Metadata and Surrogates: Effectiveness, Efficiency, and Satisfaction

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Content

Enthält die Beiträge: Zins, C.: Knowledge map of information science: issues, principles, implications. - Lin, X., S. Aluker u. W. Zhu u.a.: Dynamic concept representation through a visual concept explorer. - Kohlbacher, F.: Knowledge organization(s) in Japan: empirical evidence from Japanese and western corporations. - Beghtol, C.: The global learning society and the iterative relationship between theory and practice in knowledge organization systems. - Tennis, J.T.: Function, purpose, predication, and context of information organization frameworks. - Doyle, A.: Naming and reclaiming knowledges in public intersections of landscapes and experience. - Qin, J., P. Creticos u. W.Y. Hsiao: Adaptive modeling of workforce domain knowledge. - Gnoli, C.: The meaning of facets in non-disciplinary classifications. - Loehrlein, A., E.K. Jacob u. S. Lee u.a.: Development of heuristics in a hybrid approach to faceted classification. - Thellefsen, M.: The dynamics of information representation and knowledge mediation. - LaBarre, K.: A multi faceted view: use of facet analysis in the practice of website organization and access. - Smiraglia, R.P.: Empiricism as the basis for metadata categorisation: expanding the case for instantiation with archival documents. - Bean, C.A.: Hierarchical relationships used in mapping between knowledge structures. - Friedman, A.: Concept mapping a measurable sign. - Naumis Pena, C.: Evaluation of educational thesauri. - Biagetti, M.T.: Indexing and scientific research needs. - Robert, C.A., A. Davis: Annotation and its application to information research in economic intelligence. - Mcllwaine, I.C., J.S. Mitchel: The new ecumenism: exploration of a DDC / UDC view of religion. - Hajdu Barát, A.: Usability and the user interfaces of classical information retrieval languages. - Eito Brun, R.: Uncovering hidden clues about geographic visualization in LCC. - Williamson, N.J.: Knowledge structures and the Internet progress and prospects. - Pajarillo, E.J.Y.: A classification scheme to determine medical necessity: a knowledge organization global learning application. - López-Huertas, M.J.: Thematic map of interdisciplinary domains based on their terminological representation: the gender studies. - Rodriguez Bravo, B.: The visibility of women in indexing languages. - Beall, J., D. Vizine-Goetz: Finding fiction: facilitating access to works of the imagination scattered by form and format. - Kwasnik, B.H., Y.L. Chun u. K. Crowston u.a.: Challenges in ceating a taxonomy of genres of digital documents. - Simon, J.: Interdisciplinary knowledge creation: using wikis in science. - Gabel, J.: Improving information retrieval of subjects through citation-analysis: a study. - Lee, H.L.: Navigating hierarchies vs. searching by keyword: two cultural perspectives. - Loehrlein, A., R. Martin u. E.L. Robertson: Integration of international standards in the domain of manufacturing enterprise. -
Dervos, D.A., A. Coleman: A common sense approach to defining data, information, and metadata. - Keränen, S.: Equivalence and focus of translation in multicultural thesaurus construction. - Dabbadie, M., J.M. Blancherie: Alexandria, a multilingual dictionary for knowledge management purposes. - Rosemblat, G., L. Graham: Cross-language search in a monolingual health information system: flexible designs and lexical processes. - Garcia Marco, F.J.: Understanding the categories and dynamics of multimedia information: a model for analysing multimedia information. - Afolabi, B., O. Thiery: Using users' expectations to adapt business intelligence systems. - Zimmermann, K., J. Mimkes u. H.U. Kamke: An ontology framework for e-learning in the knowledge society. - Jacob, E.K., H. Albrechtsen u. N. George: Empirical analysis and evaluation of a metadata scheme for representing pedagogical resources in a digital library for educators. - Breitenstein, M.: Global unity: Otto Neurath and the International Encyclopedia of United Science. - Andersen, J.: Social change, modernity and bibliography: bibliography as a document and a genre in the global learning society. - Miksa, S.D., WE. Moen u. G. Snyder u.a.: Metadata assistance of the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Record's four user tasks: a report on the MARC content designation utilization (MCDU) project. - Salaba, A., M.L. Zeng u. M. Zumer: Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Records. - Frâncu, V.: Subjects in FRBR and poly-hierarchical thesauri as possible knowledge organization tools. - Peschl, M.F.: Knowledge-oriented educational processes from knowledge transfer to collective knowledge creation and innovation. - Miller, S.J., M.J. Fox u. H.L. Lee u.a.: Great expectations: professionals' perceptions and knowledge organization curricula. - Pajarillo, E.J.Y.: A qualitative research on the use of knowledge organization in nursing information behavior.

Date

27.12.2008 11:22:36

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23. 3.2008 19:10:22

Footnote

In 13 chapters, Part Two provides an introduction to KDD, an overview of data mining techniques, and examples of the usefulness of data model visualizations. The importance of visualization throughout the KDD process is stressed in many of the chapters. In particular, the need for measures of visualization effectiveness, benchmarking for identifying best practices, and the use of standardized sample data sets is convincingly presented. Many of the important data mining approaches are discussed in this complementary context. Cluster and outlier detection, classification techniques, and rule discovery algorithms are presented as the basic techniques common to the KDD process. The potential effectiveness of using visualization in the data modeling process are illustrated in chapters focused an using visualization for helping users understand the KDD process, ask questions and form hypotheses about their data, and evaluate the accuracy and veracity of their results. The 11 chapters of Part Three provide an overview of the KDD process and successful approaches to integrating KDD, data mining, and visualization in complementary domains. Rhodes (Chapter 21) begins this section with an excellent overview of the relation between the KDD process and data mining techniques. He states that the "primary goals of data mining are to describe the existing data and to predict the behavior or characteristics of future data of the same type" (p. 281). These goals are met by data mining tasks such as classification, regression, clustering, summarization, dependency modeling, and change or deviation detection. Subsequent chapters demonstrate how visualization can aid users in the interactive process of knowledge discovery by graphically representing the results from these iterative tasks. Finally, examples of the usefulness of integrating visualization and data mining tools in the domain of business, imagery and text mining, and massive data sets are provided. This text concludes with a thorough and useful 17-page index and lengthy yet integrating 17-page summary of the academic and industrial backgrounds of the contributing authors. A 16-page set of color inserts provide a better representation of the visualizations discussed, and a URL provided suggests that readers may view all the book's figures in color on-line, although as of this submission date it only provides access to a summary of the book and its contents. The overall contribution of this work is its focus an bridging two distinct areas of research, making it a valuable addition to the Morgan Kaufmann Series in Database Management Systems. The editors of this text have met their main goal of providing the first textbook integrating knowledge discovery, data mining, and visualization. Although it contributes greatly to our under- standing of the development and current state of the field, a major weakness of this text is that there is no concluding chapter to discuss the contributions of the sum of these contributed papers or give direction to possible future areas of research. "Integration of expertise between two different disciplines is a difficult process of communication and reeducation. Integrating data mining and visualization is particularly complex because each of these fields in itself must draw an a wide range of research experience" (p. 300). Although this work contributes to the crossdisciplinary communication needed to advance visualization in KDD, a more formal call for an interdisciplinary research agenda in a concluding chapter would have provided a more satisfying conclusion to a very good introductory text.
With contributors almost exclusively from the computer science field, the intended audience of this work is heavily slanted towards a computer science perspective. However, it is highly readable and provides introductory material that would be useful to information scientists from a variety of domains. Yet, much interesting work in information visualization from other fields could have been included giving the work more of an interdisciplinary perspective to complement their goals of integrating work in this area. Unfortunately, many of the application chapters are these, shallow, and lack complementary illustrations of visualization techniques or user interfaces used. However, they do provide insight into the many applications being developed in this rapidly expanding field. The authors have successfully put together a highly useful reference text for the data mining and information visualization communities. Those interested in a good introduction and overview of complementary research areas in these fields will be satisfied with this collection of papers. The focus upon integrating data visualization with data mining complements texts in each of these fields, such as Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (Fayyad et al., MIT Press) and Readings in Information Visualization: Using Vision to Think (Card et. al., Morgan Kauffman). This unique work is a good starting point for future interaction between researchers in the fields of data visualization and data mining and makes a good accompaniment for a course focused an integrating these areas or to the main reference texts in these fields."

LCSH

Knowledge acquisition (Expert systems)

Series

Morgan Kaufmann series in data management systems

Subject

Knowledge acquisition (Expert systems)

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Content

Enthält u.a. folgende Aussage von J. Aitchison u. S. Dextre Clarke: "We face a paradox. Ostensibly, the need and the opportunity to apply thesauri to information retrieval are greater than ever before. On the other hand, users resist most efforts to persuade them to apply one. The drive for interoperability of systems means we must design our vocabularies for easy integration into downstream applications such as content management systems, indexing/metatagging interfaces, search engines, and portals. Summarizing the search for vocabularies that work more intuitively, we see that there are trends working in opposite directions. In the hugely popular taxonomies an the one hand, relationships between terms are more loosely defined than in thesauri. In the ontologies that will support computer-to-computer communications in AI applications such as the Semantic Web, we see the need for much more precisely defined term relationships."

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LCSH

User interfaces (Computer systems)

Subject

User interfaces (Computer systems)

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Date

29. 8.2005 12:54:22

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Date

25.11.2005 18:22:29

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Content

Enthält u.a. die Beiträge: Hjoerland, B.: Fundamentals of knowledge organization. - Rowland, J.: From shelf arrangements to web searching: a journey through knowledge organization. - Campos, M.L. de A., Machado Campos, M.L.: Principios para a modelizacao de dominios de conhecimento:estudo comparativo entre abordagens da cienca da informacao, cienca da computacao e teoria da terminologia [Modelling knowledge domains: a comparative study based an information science, compution science and theory of terminology]. - Carsen, T, Garciá, H., Mabragana, C., Manzanos, N.: Modelo de descripción documental basado en el paradigma de objetos [Documentary description model based an the object paradigm]. - Fernandez Cano, A., Vallejo Ruiz, M., Torralbo Rodriguez, M.: Reconsiderando los modelos de Price [Reconsidering Price's modes]. - Fernandez-Pampillon Cesteros, A., Fernandez Valmayor, A., Lopez Alfonso, C.: Representacion y organizacion del conocimiento lexico: de) modelo de datos de Hipertexto al modelo HiperRed [Representing and organising lexical knowledge: from the Hypertext data model to the HyperNet data model]. - Fourie, I.: A theoretical model for studying Web information seeking/searching behaviour. - Francu, V: A linguistic approach to information languages. - Gabriele, G.: La classificacion de la filosofia: el sistema decimal de Dewey a la luz de los sistemas de classificacion de F. Bacon y l'Encyclopedie [The classification of Philosophy: the Dewey decimal system by the light of the F. Bacon's and the Encyclopedie classification systems. - Glazier, J.D., Glazier, R.R.: Cultural roots of modern classification. - Marzal Garcia-Quismondo, M.A., Beltran Orenes, P: Las bases cientificas de la informacion ante una nueva sociedad [Scientific basis of information in a new society]. - Odaisa Espinheiro de Oliveiro, M.: El lenguaje en la interrelacion con la representacion del conocimiento [The language in the interelation with knowledge representation]. - Orom, A.: Paradigmas y visiones del mundo en la organization fel conocimiento dentro del campo del arte [Paradigms and World Views in the Knowledge Organization in the domain art]. - Rafferty, P: Semiotics and image retrieval: can semiotics help our understanding of the operation of meaning in images? -
McIlwaine, I.: Current trends in Knowledge Organization research. - Lopez-Huertas, M.J.: La investigacion espanola en Organizacion del Conocimiento (1992-2001) [Spanish research in knowledge organization (1992-2001). - Bazan, C.B.: La clasificacion de los materiales documentales del Deposito Legal [Documental material classification from legal deposit legislation]. - Bosch, M.: Modelo conceptual de objetos para la representaci6n y rastreabilidad de documentos en el medio digital [Conceptual object model for representation and traceability of digital documents]. - Brufem, L.S., Breda, S.M., Nunes Silva, H., Prates, Y, Fecchio, S.M.: Organizacao do conhecimento: tendencias da producao cientifica [Knowledge organization: tendencies of the scientific production]. - Caro Castro, C., Travieso Rodriguez, C.: Encabezamientos de materia en las bibliotecas espanolas : perspectiva historica y situacion actual [Subject headings in Spanish libraries: past en present]. - Carrizo Sainero, G., Pindado Villaverde, A.M.: Propuesta de normalizacion para el tratamiento bibliografico de documentos no contemplados en la norma ISO 6901987 [How to deal with works out of the scope of ISO 690-1987: a proposal for standarization]. Knecht, A., Frigeni, M., Hernandez, A., Tedde, L.: La transcion a la democracia en Espana: el archivo emerografico del profesor Juan J. Linz (1973-1983) [Spain's democratic transition: Professor Juan J. Linz's newspaper archive (1973-1983)] - Hajdu Barat, A.: Change in the process of cognition by contemporary information technology. - Del Castillo, D., Jimenez Piano, M., L6pez de Prado, R.: EI sistema de clasificacion de la FIAF para documentos no filmicos de eine y television: cuestiones especificas de compatibilidad para la recuperaci6n de informacion en cinematografia [FIAF classification system for non-film cinema and television documents: specific issues abour compatibility for information retrieval in cinematography]. - Villar Flecha, J., Alonso Alvarez, A., Benavides Cuellar, C., Garcia Rodriguez, I., Martinez Ordas, F., Moran Suarez, M.: Elaboracion de un corpus semantico para un clasificador de textos basado en extraccion de la informacion [Semantic corpus elaboration to train an information extraction based text classifier]. - Melly, M., Mara Ferreira, S., Garcia, L., Reis, G.: Ciencas de la informacion y de la computacion: una vision integrada del diseno de sistemas virtuales de busqueda directa de informacion centrados en el usuario [Information Science and Computer Science: an integrated vision for the design of user-centered virtual systems]. - Oliveira, R.M.: A organizacao do conhecimento nas bibliotecas portuguesas [Knowledge organization in Portuguese libraries. - Osuna Alarcon, R.: Catalogos, indices e inventarios en los siglos XVIII y XIX o los antecedentes de una disciplina [Catalogues, indexes and inventories in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, or the forerunners of a discipline]. - San Segundo Manual, R.: Nueva conception de la representaci6n del conocimiento [A new conception of representation of knowledge]. - Sidhom, S., Hassoun, M.: Morpho-syntactic parsing to text mining environment: NP recognition model to knowledge visualization and information. - Aldana Montes, J.F., Moreno Vergara, N., Roldan Garcia, M.M.: La web semantica: punto de encuentro [Semantic Web: a meeting point for DB, Al and IR]. - Pereira Pinheiro da Cruz, R.A., Garcia Penalvo, F.J., Romero, L.A.: Perfiles de usuarios para la adaptatividad de interfaces web [User profiling in web interfaces adaptivity]. - Dimitri, PJ.: Evaluacion de la pertinencia de la base de datos del Instituto National de la Administracion Publica [Pertinence evaluation of the Instituto National de la Administracion Publica's database]. - Eito Brun, R.: Applicacion de tecnicas de recuperaci6n de informacion y organizacion del conocimiento en los repositorios software: tendencias y vision retrospectiva [Information retrieval and knowledge organization in software libraries: bibliographic review and historical trends]. -
Frias, J.A.: La visualizacion de la informacion bibliografica en los catalogos en linea y en entorno web: tendencias de investigacion [Visualization of bibliographic information in OPACs and web catalogues: trends of research]. - Hajdu Barat, A.: General information retrieval language dictionary in the Szechenyi National Library (Hungary). - Lloret Romero, N., Cabrera Mdndez, M., Peset Mancebo, F., Ferrer Sapena, A.: Metodologia para el desarrollo de una interfaz de usuario en entormos deprevencion de riesgos laborales [Methodology for the development of a user interface in prevention of occupational hazard environments]. Martin Rodriguez, F., Casado Candelas, M.: Organizar la recuperacion de la informacion para organizar el conocimiento: el caso practico de UBUCAT, catalogo de la Biblioteca de Universidad de Burgos [Organising the recovery of information for the organisation of knowledge: the practical case of the UBUCAT, the catalogue of the University of Burgos Library]. Moreiro, J.A., Llorens Morillo, J., Marzel Garcia-Quismondo, M.A., Vianello Osti, M., Morato Lara, J., Beltran Orenes, P, Sanchez Cuadrado, S.: Aplicacion del estandar ISO/IEC 13250-1999 a la construccion de un tesauro de verbos: estado del proyecto [Application of standard ISO/IEC 13250-1999 to the construction of a thesaurus of verbs: state of the project]. - Dill Orrico, E.G., Gonzales de Gomez, M.N., Brito, E.: El discurso metaforico y su vinculacion con grupos de investigacion a efectos de busqueda y recuperacion de informacion [The metaphorical discourse and its connection with research groups for the purposes of information searching and retrieval]. - Herrera-Viedma, E., Olvera, M., Peis, E., Porcel, C.: Revision de los sistemas de recomendaciones para la recuperacion de informacion [Review of recommender systems for information retrieval]. - Zecheru, M.: The role of the e-library in the information society / knowledge society: a romanian prospective analysis. -
Gregory VL., Perrault, A.H., Ramirez Wohlmuth, S.: Looking from the outside in: an evidente-based model for website usability assesment. - Lichtnow, D., Caring, A., Lucas dos Anjos, P, Saldana, R., Loh, S.: Recomendaciones de documentos electronicos en discusiones on-line [Recommendations of electronic documents in online discussions]. - Lopez Yepes, A., Pdrez Agüera, J.R., Sanchez Jimenez, R.: Un modelo para el diseno de sistemas din micos de gestion de informacion multimedia [A model for dynamic multimedia information management systems design] Paganelli, C., Mounier, E.: Extraccion y representacion del conocimiento contenido en un documento tecnico [Extraction and representation of knowledge contained in a technical document]. - Naumis Pena, C.: Los orientadores de informacion para portales [Reader's advisory for websites]. - Perez Lorenzo, B., Morales Garcia, A.M., Garcia Lopez, F., Monje Jimenez, T.: La organizacfon del conocimiento en los portales de Internet: estudio de los principales proveedores de contenides [The organization of the knowledge in the portals of the main suppliers of information]. - Peset Mancebo, F., Ferrer Sapena, A., Lloret Romeno, N., Tolosa Robledo, L., Moreno Nunez, M.T, Diaz Novillo, S.: EI proyecto WinEcs: una vision practica para la implantacion de bibliotecas digitales [WinEcs project: how to implementing digital libraries]. Prieto Castro, E.: Organizacion del conocimiento de los recursos gratuitos de Internet: el caso de documentacion juridica en las bibliotecas universitarias espanolas [Knowledge management of free internet resources: law related information in academic libraries in Spain]. - Saldana, R., Teixeira Goncalez, A., Barrocco Farias, G., Branco, R.K., Lichtnow, D., Loh, S.: Captura automatica y selectiva de informaciones para bibliotecas digitales [Automatic and selective caption of information for digital libraries]. - Tramullas, J.: Clasificaciones y portales tem ticos especializados. Estudio en recursos de informacion digital sobre ciencas sociales [Classifications and specialized subject gateways. A study in social sciences digital information resources]. - Henriques, R., Worcman, K.: A experiencia do Museu da Pessoa: organizacao da memoria socialaem formato digital [The Museum of the Person's experience: social memory organization in digital Format]. Olson, H.A.: Transgressive deconstructions: feminist/postcolonial methodology for research in knowledge organization. - Brito Santana, J., Cruz Rodriguez, J.M.: Sistema informatico de soporte al analisis del discurso [The computer system for support to discourse analysis]. -
Izquierdo Alonso, M.: EI analisis de generocomo metodologia para la organizacion y representacion del conocimiento [Genre analysis for methodology of the knowledge conceptual representation and organization]. - Porras Navalon, M.P, Verdugo Alonso, M.A.: El analisis terminologico de los titulos de los articulos cientificos Como metodologia para estudiar la evolution de las construcciones sociales: el caso de la discapacidad [The terminological analysis of the titles of scientific articles as methodology to study the evolution of social constructions: the case of disability]. - Ayuso Sanchez, M.J., Ayuso Garcia, M.D.: La gestion electronica de los derechos de autor en la era digital: los proyectos de investigacion orientados hacia la ERMS (Electronic Right Managements Systems) [The electronic management of the author's rights in the digital age: from the projects of research towards to the ERMS (Electronic Right Managements Systems)]. - Frias, J.A., Villalba del Monte, R.: Contando el cuento en organizacion del conocimiento: analisis de la presentacion formal de los articulos de investigacion publicados en Espana (1990-2001) [The story of knowledge organization: analysis of the formal presenation of research articles published in Spain (1990-2001)]. - Lopez Alonso, V, Moreno Lopez, L., Martin Sänchez, F.: Desarrollo de un sistema de gestion del conocimiento cientifico para su empleo en unidades de investigacion [Development of a scientific knowledge management system to be used in research units]. - Ramos Simon, L.F.: Alternativas de circulacio de las publicaciones electronicas: propuentespara el aceso libre al conocimiento cientifico [Circulation alternatives to the scholarly electronic publishing: proposals for the free access to scientific knowledge]. - Sanchez Turrion, J.M., Garcia Penalvo, F.J., Hernandez Simon, A.A.: BiblioRef. Herramienta personal para la gestion de citas bibliograficas [BiblioRef. A personal tool for bibliographic management]. - Guimaraes, J.A.C., Fernandez-Molina, J.C.: Los aspectos eticos de la organizacion y representation del cnocimiento en la revista Knowledge Organization [Ethical aspects of knowledge organization and representation in the journal Knowledge Organization]. - Moros, A.: Influencia de los sucesos del 11 de septiembre de 2001 en la representacion y organizacion del conocimiento: aspectos eticos, politicos y sociologicos [Influences of the events of September 11th, 2001, in knowledge represenation and organization: ethical, political and sociological aspect].

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Abstract

This book covers the key aspects of information architecture: core elements of information management - indexing, cataloguing and classification - organising and recording information in the digital environment. The book also focuses on design - specifically user-centred design: designing information systems that support the needs of users, by providing attractive, intuitive interfaces that support a range of information tasks and accommodate a range of individual resources. Key Features: (1) Is aimed at information professionals - existing texts in this emerging area are primarily aimed at web managers. (2) Is a straightforward introduction to the area. The Author: Dr Batley is a senior lecturer at the London Metropolitan University with teaching and research in the areas of organisation and retrieval of information and knowledge resources. Having completed a PhD on factors affecting the retrieval of information from picture databases in 1989, she worked as a subject librarian at the University of East London, before taking up her current post in 1996. Dr Batley is the author of another Chandos book, 'Classification in Theory and Practice'. Readership: The book is aimed at library and information practitioners; students of librarianship, information studies and information management. Contents: Introduction to information architecture Managing content Document description and content analysis Needs, task and resource analysis Indexing and ontologies Metadata Classification and taxonomy creation User-centred design and evaluation

Footnote

Im zweiten Kapitel, das ich für besonders lesenswert halte, beschäftigt sich die Autorin mit vier als "preliminaries" bezeichneten Stadien im Prozess des Designs von Informationssystemen: "information needs analysis" (welche Informationen werden benötigt), "task analysis" (für welche Aufgaben werden die Informationen benötigt), "resource analysis" (welche persönliche Kompetenzen bzw. praktischen Fähigkeiten stehen den präsumtiven Benutzern bereits zur Verfügung), "user modelling" (Segmentierung bzw. Kategorisierung der Anwender). In diesem Zusammenhang werden auch Begriffe wie "information audit" oder "needs assessment" erläutert sowie methodische Frage angerissen; zudem wird eine kleine Fallstudie als Beispiel präsentiert. Das folgende Kapitel ("Searching and finding") konzentriert sich auf die Informationssuche bzw. auf Retrievalaspekte. Dabei werden die Strategien des Suchens und Browsings im allgemeinen wie auch im besonderen (z.B. Boolesche Suchformulierungen, bibliothekarische Klassifikationen und Webtaxonomien) vorgestellt. Daran schliesst sich ein Kapitel über Dokumente und Dokumentbeschreibungen, in dem auf formale wie auch auf inhaltliche Aspekte der Dokumente (Metadaten vs. Thesauri) eingegangen wird. Kapitel 5 hat dann wieder einen höheren Neuigkeitswert für den bibliothekarischen Leser, da es hier um "interface and display design" geht. Begriffe wie Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle und mentale Modelle der Interaktion mit Computern (Metaphern) werden hier ebenso vorgestellt wie Interaktionsstile (z.B. Kommandosprachen vs. Formulare, Web-Kataloge) und grundsätzliche Designprinzipien (Bildschirmlayout, Navigation, Graphik etc.) Das darauf folgende kurze Kapitel "Management and maintenance" thematisiert Aspekte wie Content Management sowie organisatorische Fragen. In "Evaluation", dem abschliessenden Kapitel, geht es schliesslich um die Abschätzung von Wert und Qualität der durchgeführten "Informationsarchitektur", also um Wirksamkeit und Leistungsfähigkeit eines Systems (gemessen z.B. mittels bekannter Parameter wie Precision und Recall), aber auch um die damit erzielte Benutzerzufriedenheit.

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Abstract

The second edition of Understanding Search Engines: Mathematical Modeling and Text Retrieval follows the basic premise of the first edition by discussing many of the key design issues for building search engines and emphasizing the important role that applied mathematics can play in improving information retrieval. The authors discuss important data structures, algorithms, and software as well as user-centered issues such as interfaces, manual indexing, and document preparation. Significant changes bring the text up to date on current information retrieval methods: for example the addition of a new chapter on link-structure algorithms used in search engines such as Google. The chapter on user interface has been rewritten to specifically focus on search engine usability. In addition the authors have added new recommendations for further reading and expanded the bibliography, and have updated and streamlined the index to make it more reader friendly.

Content

Inhalt: Introduction Document File Preparation - Manual Indexing - Information Extraction - Vector Space Modeling - Matrix Decompositions - Query Representations - Ranking and Relevance Feedback - Searching by Link Structure - User Interface - Book Format Document File Preparation Document Purification and Analysis - Text Formatting - Validation - Manual Indexing - Automatic Indexing - Item Normalization - Inverted File Structures - Document File - Dictionary List - Inversion List - Other File Structures Vector Space Models Construction - Term-by-Document Matrices - Simple Query Matching - Design Issues - Term Weighting - Sparse Matrix Storage - Low-Rank Approximations Matrix Decompositions QR Factorization - Singular Value Decomposition - Low-Rank Approximations - Query Matching - Software - Semidiscrete Decomposition - Updating Techniques Query Management Query Binding - Types of Queries - Boolean Queries - Natural Language Queries - Thesaurus Queries - Fuzzy Queries - Term Searches - Probabilistic Queries Ranking and Relevance Feedback Performance Evaluation - Precision - Recall - Average Precision - Genetic Algorithms - Relevance Feedback Searching by Link Structure HITS Method - HITS Implementation - HITS Summary - PageRank Method - PageRank Adjustments - PageRank Implementation - PageRank Summary User Interface Considerations General Guidelines - Search Engine Interfaces - Form Fill-in - Display Considerations - Progress Indication - No Penalties for Error - Results - Test and Retest - Final Considerations Further Reading

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Abstract

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, ECDL 2004, held in Bath, UK in September 2004. The 47 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 148 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on digital library architectures, evaluation and usability, user interfaces and presentation, new approaches to information retrieval, interoperability, enhanced indexing and search methods, personalization and applications, music digital libraries, personal digital libraries, innovative technologies, open archive initiative, new models and tools, and user-centered design.

Content

Inhalt: Digital Library Architectures Evaluation and Usability User Interfaces and Presentation New Approaches to Information Retrieval - From Abstract to Virtual Entities: Implementation of Work-Based Searching in a Multimedia Digital Library / Mark Notess, Jenn Riley, and Harriette Hemmasi Interoperability Enhanced Indexing and Searching Methods Personalisation and Annotation Music Digital Libraries Personal Digital Libraries Innovative Technologies for Digital Libraries Open Archives Initiative New Models and Tools User-Centred Design - Evaluating Strategic Support for Information Access in the DAFFODIL System / Claus-Peter Klas, Norbert Fuhr, and Andre Schaefer Innovative Technologies for Digital Libraries

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Abstract

Developers of digital media require new skills in information design. Information designers developing web sites, software or online system interfaces, games and other digital media often overlook critical steps to ensure the usability of their product. This book introduces readers to both the theory and practice of the use of scenarios to create usable information spaces. Through practical applications - such as step-bystep guidelines for scenario development and case studies with analysis tools - the book outlines crucial steps to develop user and use scenarios to achieve competencies for and tools to implement prescribed tasks for user-oriented information design.

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Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 56(2005) no.10, S.1126-1128 (P.K. Nayar): "How Images Think is an exercise both in philosophical meditation and critical theorizing about media, images, affects, and cognition. Burnett combines the insights of neuroscience with theories of cognition and the computer sciences. He argues that contemporary metaphors - biological or mechanical - about either cognition, images, or computer intelligence severely limit our understanding of the image. He suggests in his introduction that "image" refers to the "complex set of interactions that constitute everyday life in image-worlds" (p. xviii). For Burnett the fact that increasing amounts of intelligence are being programmed into technologies and devices that use images as their main form of interaction and communication-computers, for instance-suggests that images are interfaces, structuring interaction, people, and the environment they share. New technologies are not simply extensions of human abilities and needs-they literally enlarge cultural and social preconceptions of the relationship between body and mind. The flow of information today is part of a continuum, with exceptional events standing as punctuation marks. This flow connects a variety of sources, some of which are continuous - available 24 hours - or "live" and radically alters issues of memory and history. Television and the Internet, notes Burnett, are not simply a simulated world-they are the world, and the distinctions between "natural" and "non-natural" have disappeared. Increasingly, we immerse ourselves in the image, as if we are there. We rarely become conscious of the fact that we are watching images of events-for all perceptioe, cognitive, and interpretive purposes, the image is the event for us. The proximity and distance of viewer from/with the viewed has altered so significantly that the screen is us. However, this is not to suggest that we are simply passive consumers of images. As Burnett points out, painstakingly, issues of creativity are involved in the process of visualization-viewwes generate what they see in the images. This involves the historical moment of viewing-such as viewing images of the WTC bombings-and the act of re-imagining. As Burnett puts it, "the questions about what is pictured and what is real have to do with vantage points [of the viewer] and not necessarily what is in the image" (p. 26). In his second chapter Burnett moves an to a discussion of "imagescapes." Analyzing the analogue-digital programming of images, Burnett uses the concept of "reverie" to describe the viewing experience. The reverie is a "giving in" to the viewing experience, a "state" in which conscious ("I am sitting down an this sofa to watch TV") and unconscious (pleasure, pain, anxiety) processes interact. Meaning emerges in the not-always easy or "clean" process of hybridization. This "enhances" the thinking process beyond the boundaries of either image or subject. Hybridization is the space of intelligence, exchange, and communication.
Moving an to virtual images, Burnett posits the existence of "microcultures": places where people take control of the means of creation and production in order to makes sense of their social and cultural experiences. Driven by the need for community, such microcultures generate specific images as part of a cultural movement (Burnett in fact argues that microcultures make it possible for a "small cinema of twenty-five seats to become part of a cultural movement" [p. 63]), where the process of visualization-which involves an awareness of the historical moment - is central to the info-world and imagescapes presented. The computer becomms an archive, a history. The challenge is not only of preserving information, but also of extracting information. Visualization increasingly involves this process of picking a "vantage point" in order to selectively assimilate the information. In virtual reality systems, and in the digital age in general, the distance between what is being pictured and what is experienced is overcome. Images used to be treated as opaque or transparent films among experience, perception, and thought. But, now, images are taken to another level, where the viewer is immersed in the image-experience. Burnett argues-though this is hardly a fresh insight-that "interactivity is only possible when images are the raw material used by participants to change if not transform the purpose of their viewing experience" (p. 90). He suggests that a work of art, "does not start its life as an image ... it gains the status of image when it is placed into a context of viewing and visualization" (p. 90). With simulations and cyberspace the viewing experience has been changed utterly. Burnett defines simulation as "mapping different realities into images that have an environmental, cultural, and social form" (p. 95). However, the emphasis in Burnett is significant-he suggests that interactivity is not achieved through effects, but as a result of experiences attached to stories. Narrative is not merely the effect of technology-it is as much about awareness as it is about Fantasy. Heightened awareness, which is popular culture's aim at all times, and now available through head-mounted displays (HMD), also involves human emotions and the subtleties of human intuition.
Burnett's work is a useful basic primer an the new media. One of the chief attractions here is his clear language, devoid of the jargon of either computer sciences or advanced critical theory. This makes How Images Think an accessible introduction to digital cultures. Burnett explores the impact of the new technologies an not just image-making but an image-effects, and the ways in which images constitute our ecologies of identity, communication, and subject-hood. While some of the sections seem a little too basic (especially where he speaks about the ways in which we constitute an object as an object of art, see above), especially in the wake of reception theory, it still remains a starting point for those interested in cultural studies of the new media. The Gase Burnett makes out for the transformation of the ways in which we look at images has been strengthened by his attention to the history of this transformation-from photography through television and cinema and now to immersive virtual reality systems. Joseph Koemer (2004) has pointed out that the iconoclasm of early modern Europe actually demonstrates how idolatory was integral to the image-breakers' core belief. As Koerner puts it, "images never go away ... they persist and function by being perpetually destroyed" (p. 12). Burnett, likewise, argues that images in new media are reformed to suit new contexts of meaning-production-even when they appear to be destroyed. Images are recast, and the degree of their realism (or fantasy) heightened or diminished-but they do not "go away." Images do think, but-if I can parse Burnett's entire work-they think with, through, and in human intelligence, emotions, and intuitions. Images are uncanny-they are both us and not-us, ours and not-ours. There is, surprisingly, one factual error. Burnett claims that Myron Kreuger pioneered the term "virtual reality." To the best of my knowledge, it was Jaron Lanier who did so (see Featherstone & Burrows, 1998 [1995], p. 5)."