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Sauperl, A.: Subject determination during the cataloging process : the development of a system based on theoretical principles (2002) 0.06
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Date

27. 9.2005 14:22:19

Footnote

Rez. in: Knowledge organization 30(2003) no.2, S.114-115 (M. Hudon); "This most interesting contribution to the literature of subject cataloguing originates in the author's doctoral dissertation, prepared under the direction of jerry Saye at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. In seven highly readable chapters, Alenka Sauperl develops possible answers to her principal research question: How do cataloguers determine or identify the topic of a document and choose appropriate subject representations? Specific questions at the source of this research an a process which has not been a frequent object of study include: Where do cataloguers look for an overall sense of what a document is about? How do they get an overall sense of what a document is about, especially when they are not familiar with the discipline? Do they consider only one or several possible interpretations? How do they translate meanings in appropriate and valid class numbers and subject headings? Using a strictly qualitative methodology, Dr. Sauperl's research is a study of twelve cataloguers in reallife situation. The author insists an the holistic rather than purely theoretical understanding of the process she is targeting. Participants in the study were professional cataloguers, with at least one year experience in their current job at one of three large academic libraries in the Southeastern United States. All three libraries have a large central cataloguing department, and use OCLC sources and the same automated system; the context of cataloguing tasks is thus considered to be reasonably comparable. All participants were volunteers in this study which combined two datagathering techniques: the think-aloud method and time-line interviews. A model of the subject cataloguing process was first developed from observations of a group of six cataloguers who were asked to independently perform original cataloguing an three nonfiction, non-serial items selected from materials regularly assigned to them for processing. The model was then used for follow-up interviews. Each participant in the second group of cataloguers was invited to reflect an his/her work process for a recent challenging document they had catalogued. Results are presented in 12 stories describing as many personal approaches to subject cataloguing. From these stories a summarization is offered and a theoretical model of subject cataloguing is developed which, according to the author, represents a realistic approach to subject cataloguing. Stories alternate comments from the researcher and direct quotations from the observed or interviewed cataloguers. Not surprisingly, the participants' stories reveal similarities in the sequence and accomplishment of several tasks in the process of subject cataloguing. Sauperl's proposed model, described in Chapter 5, includes as main stages: 1) Examination of the book and subject identification; 2) Search for subject headings; 3) Classification. Chapter 6 is a hypothetical Gase study, using the proposed model to describe the various stages of cataloguing a hypothetical resource. ...
This document will be particularly useful to subject cataloguing teachers and trainers who could use the model to design case descriptions and exercises. We believe it is an accurate description of the reality of subject cataloguing today. But now that we know how things are dope, the next interesting question may be: Is that the best way? Is there a better, more efficient, way to do things? We can only hope that Dr. Sauperl will soon provide her own view of methods and techniques that could improve the flow of work or address the cataloguers' concern as to the lack of feedback an their work. Her several excellent suggestions for further research in this area all build an bits and pieces of what is done already, and stay well away from what could be done by the various actors in the area, from the designers of controlled vocabularies and authority files to those who use these tools an a daily basis to index, classify, or search for information."
Mulvany, N.C.: Indexing books (2005) 0.06
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Content

Enthält die Kapitel: Introduction to book indexing - The author and the index - Getting started - Structure of entries - Arrangement of entries - Special concerns in indexing - Names, names, names - Format and layout of the index - Editing the index - Tools for indexing - Appendix A: Specifications worksheet - Appendix B: Resources for indexers

Date

24.11.2006 12:58:29

Footnote

Rez. in: KO 32(2005) no.4, S.160-162 (C. Jacobs): "This update maintains the place of Mulvany's 1994 work as an essential indexing resource. Addressed to indexers, authors and editors, it provides a thorough introduction to the field of back-of-the-book indexing, while providing context and direction for dealing with some of the more arcane problems that can arise. Book indexers must analyze text rapidly and organize the "map" that they are creating in a manner that fits the anticipated cognitive patterns of potential readers, is internally consistent and corresponds to standards. Intuition, high-level analytical skills, pattern-recognition abilities, commonsense and the ability to communicate the big picture as well as the details in few words are signs of a gifted indexer. Thus, it makes sense that Nancy Mulvany's conviction that indexers are born, not made, underlies the purpose and structure of Indexing Books. Consequently, this is a book that focuses on best practices and acceptable options, not on specializations. While it provides contexts and procedures for the practice of indexing so that individuals new to the field may use it as a textbook, it goes beyond this to suggest avenues and resources for decisionmaking. Established professionals as well as students will therefore find it useful. Mulvany speaks directly to the readers, engaging them with the material; her philosophy comes through clearly. Mulvany refers extensively to current authorities throughout, linking practice to ISO standards, the British standard, NISO guidelines, AACR2R, the Chicago Manual of Style, as well as to more specialized resources. Citations have been meticulously updated and references to the latest research and discussions included. ..."
Knowledge organization and the global information society : Proceedings of the 8th International ISKO Conference 13-16 July 2004, London, UK (2004) 0.06
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Content

Inhalt: Session 1 A: Theoretical Foundations of Knowledge Organization 1 Hanne Albrechtsen, Hans H K Andersen, Bryan Cleal and Annelise Mark Pejtersen: Categorical complexity in knowledge integration: empirical evaluation of a cross-cultural film research collaboratory; Clare Beghtol: Naive classification systems and the global information society; Terence R Smith and Marcia L Zeng: Concept maps supported by knowledge organization structures; B: Linguistic and Cultural Approaches to Knowledge Organization 1 Rebecca Green and Lydia Fraser: Patterns in verbal polysemy; Maria J López-Huertas, MarioBarite and Isabel de Torres: Terminological representation of specialized areas in conceptual structures: the case of gender studies; Fidelia Ibekwe-SanJuan and Eric SanJuan: Mining for knowledge chunks in a terminology network Session 2 A: Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge Representation 1 Jin-Cheon Na, Haiyang Sui, Christopher Khoo, Syin Chan and Yunyun Zhou: Effectiveness of simple linguistic processing in automatic sentiment classification of product reviews; Daniel J O'Keefe: Cultural literacy in a global information society-specific language: an exploratory ontological analysis utilizing comparative taxonomy; Lynne C Howarth: Modelling a natural language gateway to metadata-enabled resources; B: Theoretical Foundations of Knowledge Organization 2: Facets & Their Significance Ceri Binding and Douglas Tudhope: Integrating faceted structure into the search process; Vanda Broughton and Heather Lane: The Bliss Bibliographic Classification in action: moving from a special to a universal faceted classification via a digital platform; Kathryn La Barre: Adventures in faceted classification: a brave new world or a world of confusion? Session 3 A: Theoretical Foundations of Knowledge Organization 3 Elin K Jacob: The structure of context: implications of structure for the creation of context in information systems; Uta Priss: A semiotic-conceptual framework for knowledge representation Giovanni M Sacco; Accessing multimedia infobases through dynamic taxonomies; Joseph T Tennis: URIS and intertextuality: incumbent philosophical commitments in the development of the semantic web; B: Social & Sociological Concepts in Knowledge Organization Grant Campbell: A queer eye for the faceted guy: how a universal classification principle can be applied to a distinct subculture; Jonathan Furner and Anthony W Dunbar: The treatment of topics relating to people of mixed race in bibliographic classification schemes: a critical ace-theoretic approach; H Peter Ohly: The organization of Internet links in a social science clearing house; Chern Li Liew: Cross-cultural design and usability of a digital library supporting access to Maori cultural heritage resources: an examination of knowledge organization issues; Session 4 A: Knowledge Organization of Universal and Special Systems 1: Dewey Decimal Classification Sudatta Chowdhury and G G Chowdhury: Using DDC to create a visual knowledge map as an aid to online information retrieval; Joan S Mitchell: DDC 22: Dewey in the world, the world in Dewey; Diane Vizine-Goetz and Julianne Beall: Using literary warrant to define a version of the DDCfor automated classification services; B: Applications in Knowledge Representation 2 Gerhard J A Riesthuis and Maja Zumer: FRBR and FRANAR: subject access; Victoria Frâncu: An interpretation of the FRBR model; Moshe Y Sachs and Richard P Smiraglia: From encyclopedism to domain-based ontology for knowledge management: the evolution of the Sachs Classification (SC); Session 5 A: Knowledge Organization of Universal and Special Systems 2 Ágnes Hajdu Barát: Knowledge organization of the Universal Decimal Classification: new solutions, user friendly methods from Hungary; Ia C McIlwaine: A question of place; Aida Slavic and Maria Inês Cordeiro: Core requirements for automation of analytico-synthetic classifications;
B: Applications in Knowledge Representation 3 Barbara H Kwasnik and You-Lee Chun: Translation of classifications: issues and solutions as exemplified in the Korean Decimal Classification; Hur-Li Lee and Jennifer Clyde: Users' perspectives of the "Collection" and the online catalogue; Jens-Erik Mai: The role of documents, domains and decisions in indexing Session 6 A: Knowledge Organization of Universal and Special Systems 3 Stella G Dextre Clarke, Alan Gilchrist and Leonard Will: Revision and extension of thesaurus standards; Michèle Hudon: Conceptual compatibility in controlled language tools used to index and access the content of moving image collections; Antonio Garcia Jimdnez, Félix del Valle Gastaminza: From thesauri to ontologies: a case study in a digital visual context; Ali Asghar Shiri and Crawford Revie: End-user interaction with thesauri: an evaluation of cognitive overlap in search term selection; B: Special Applications Carol A Bean: Representation of medical knowledge for automated semantic interpretation of clinical reports; Chew-Hung Lee, Christopher Khoo and Jin-Cheon Na: Automatic identification of treatment relations for medical ontology learning: an exploratory study; A Neelameghan and M C Vasudevan: Integrating image files, case records of patients and Web resources: case study of a knowledge Base an tumours of the central nervous system; Nancy J Williamson: Complementary and alternative medicine: its place in the reorganized medical sciences in the Universal Decimal Classification; Session 7 A: Applications in Knowledge Representation 4 Claudio Gnoli: Naturalism vs pragmatism in knowledge organization; Wouter Schallier: On the razor's edge: between local and overall needs in knowledge organization; Danielle H Miller: User perception and the online catalogue: public library OPAC users "think aloud"; B: Knowledge Organization in Corporate Information Systems Anita S Coleman: Knowledge structures and the vocabulary of engineering novices; Evelyne Mounier and Céline Paganelli: The representation of knowledge contained in technical documents: the example of FAQs (frequently asked questions); Martin S van der Walt: A classification scheme for the organization of electronic documents in small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs); Session 8 A: Knowledge Organization of Non-print Information: Sound, Image, Multimedia Laura M Bartoto, Cathy S Lowe and Sharon C Glotzer: Information management of microstructures: non-print, multidisciplinary information in a materials science digital library; Pauline Rafferty and Rob Hidderley: A survey of Image trieval tools; Richard P Smiraglia: Knowledge sharing and content genealogy: extensiog the "works" model as a metaphor for non-documentary artefacts with case studies of Etruscan artefacts; B: Linguistic and Cultural Approaches to Knowledge Organization 2 Graciela Rosemblat, Tony Tse and Darren Gemoets: Adapting a monolingual consumer health system for Spanish cross-language information retrieval; Matjaz Zalokar: Preparation of a general controlled vocabulary in Slovene and English for the COBISS.SI library information system, Slovenia; Marianne Dabbadie, Widad Mustafa El Hadi and Francois Fraysse: Coaching applications: a new concept for usage testing an information systems. Testing usage an a corporate information system with K-Now; Session 9 Theories of Knowledge and Knowledge Organization Keiichi Kawamura: Ranganathan and after: Coates' practice and theory; Shiyan Ou, Christopher Khoo, Dion H Goh and Hui-Ying Heng: Automatic discourse parsing of sociology dissertation abstracts as sentence categorization; Iolo Jones, Daniel Cunliffe, Douglas Tudhope: Natural language processing and knowledge organization systems as an aid to retrieval

Footnote

Das Rahmenthema der Tagung kam aufgrund des vor und nach der ISKO-Konferenz abgehaltenen "UN World Summit an an Information Society" zustande. Im Titel des Buches ist die "globale Wissensgesellschaft" freilich eher irreführend, da keiner der darin abgedruckten Beiträge zentral davon handelt. Der eine der beiden Vorträge, die den Begriff selbst im Titel anführen, beschäftigt sich mit der Konstruktion einer Taxonomie für "cultural literacy" (O'Keefe), der andere mit sogenannten "naiven Klassifikationssystemen" (Beghtol), d.h. solchen, die im Gegensatz zu "professionellen" Systemen von Personen ohne spezifisches Interesse an klassifikatorischen Fragen entwickelt wurden. Beiträge mit "multi-kulti"-Charakter behandeln etwa Fragen wie - kulturübergreifende Arbeit, etwa beim EU-Filmarchiv-Projekt Collate (Albrechtsen et al.) oder einem Projekt zur Maori-Kultur (Liew); - Mehrsprachigkeit bzw. Übersetzung, z.B. der koreanischen Dezimalklassifikation (Kwasnik & Chun), eines auf der Sears ListofSubject Headings basierenden slowenischen Schlagwortvokabulars (Zalokar), einer spanisch-englischen Schlagwortliste für Gesundheitsfragen (Rosemblat et al.); - universelle Klassifikationssysteme wie die Dewey-Dezimalklassifikation (Joan Mitchell über die DDC 22, sowie zwei weitere Beiträge) und die Internationale Dezimalklassifikation (la McIlwaine über Geographika, Nancy Williamson über Alternativ- und Komplementärmedizin in der UDC). Unter den 55 Beiträgen finden sich folgende - aus der Sicht des Rezensenten - besonders interessante thematische "Cluster": - OPAC-orientierte Beiträge, etwa über die Anforderungen bei derAutomatisierung analytisch-synthetischer Klassifikationssysteme (Slavic & Cordeiro) sowie Beiträge zu Benutzerforschung und -verhalten (Lee & Clyde; Miller); - Erschliessung und Retrieval von visuellen bzw. multimedialen Ressourcen, insbesondere mit Ausrichtung auf Thesauri (Hudin; Garcia Jimenez & De Valle Gastaminza; Rafferty & Hidderley); - Thesaurus-Standards (Dextre Clark et al.), Thesauri und Endbenutzer (Shiri & Revie); - Automatisches Klassifizieren (Vizine-Goetz & Beall mit Bezug auf die DDC; Na et al. über methodische Ansätze bei der Klassifizierung von Produktbesprechungen nach positiven bzw. negativen Gefühlsäusserungen); - Beiträge über (hierzulande) weniger bekannte Systeme wie Facettenklassifikation einschliesslich der Bliss-Klassifikation sowie der Umsetzung der Ideen von Ranganathan durch E.J. Coates (vier Vorträge), die Sachs-Klassifikation (Sachs & Smiraglia) sowie M. S. van der Walts Schema zur Klassifizierung elektronischer Dokumente in Klein- und Mittelbetrieben. Auch die übrigen Beiträge sind mehrheitlich interessant geschrieben und zeugen vom fachlichen Qualitätsstandard der ISKO-Konferenzen. Der Band kann daher bibliothekarischen bzw. informationswissenschaftlichen Ausbildungseinrichtungen sowie Bibliotheken mit Sammelinteresse für Literatur zu Klassifikationsfragen ausdrücklich empfohlen werden. Ausserdem darf der nächsten (= neunten) internationalen ISKO-Konferenz, die 2006 in Wien abgehalten werden soll, mit Interesse entgegengesehen werden.
Satija, M.P.: ¬The theory and practice of the Dewey Decimal Classification system (2007) 0.05
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Abstract

Summary: The book examines the history, management and technical aspects of the Dewey Decimal Classification system (DDC), the world's most popular library classification. The main emphasis is on explaining the structure and number building techniques in the DDC. The book concentrates on all aspects of subject analysis and number building by the latest edition of the DDC. Key Features: Contains a brief history of the system Describes the governance, revision machinery and updating process Describes the structure of knowledge as represented in the DDC Explains the structure of the four volumes of the DDC Explains the process of subject analysis with respect to the system Explains in a graded way with numerous examples the process of number building in the DDC The Author: Dr M P Satija is a Professor of Library and Information Science in Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India. He has been writing about the DDC and other related areas in knowledge organization for the last two decades in international journals. He has collaborated with the successive two chief editors of the DDC, and is the Indian Coordinator of the International Society for Knowledge Organization.Readership: Prac Contents: A brief history of the DDC Layout of the DDC22 Subject analysis of documents in context of the DDC Locating simple class numbers in the DDC Number building using the schedules and internal tables Number building using each of the six tables of the DDC (a chapter on each table) Multiple synthesis using schedules and tables Order of precedence and citation order Use of the relative index Appendix Answers to exercises Glossary of terms

Footnote

Weitere Rez in: KO 36(2009) nos.2/3, S.181-182 (M Hudon): " ... M.P. Satija's latest contribution to the small bank of textbooks available to classification instructors and learners is, without doubt, a good one. However, some parts of the document are not accessible to novices. These sections are too technical, stressing on the rare exceptions to the common rules of class number identification and building. It at times appears as if the author has reviewed each and every class number provided in the schedules! In this respect, the recently published Essential Dewey by John Bowman can be considered more accessible to true beginners. Very few references are made to WebDewey and to the increasing flexibility and usefulness of the electronic version of the classification. One can't help but wonder how and why the choice was made to present the DDC not as a system, but rather in reference to the four printed volumes only, and this without any discussion pertaining to its physical presentation.
Challenges in knowledge representation and organization for the 21st century : integration of knowledge across boundaries. Proceedings of the 7th ISKO International Conference, 10-13 July 2002, Granada, Spain (2003) 0.05
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Content

Enthält die Beiträge: Rebecca GREEN: Conceptual Universals in Knowledge Organization and Representation; 1. Theoretical Models and Universals in Knowledge Organization and Representation Jack ANDERSEN: Ascribing Cognitive Authority to Scholarly Documents an the (Possible) Role of Knowledge Organization in Scholarly Communication; Elin K. JACOB: Augmenting Human Capabilities: Classification as Cognitive Scaffolding; Clare BEGHTOL: Universal Concepts, Cultural Warrant and Cultural Hospitality; Maria Nélida GONZÁLEZ DE GÓMEZ: Knowledge, Communication, Information: Intersubject Links Institutional and Technological Mediations in Information; Joe TENNIS: Subject Ontogeny: Subject Access Through Time and the Dimensionality of Classification; 2. Epistemological Foundations for Knowledge Structures and Analysis Nuno SILVA and Joáo ROCHA: Merging Ontologies Using a Bottom-Up Lexical and Structural Approach; Giliola NEGRINI and Patrizia ZOZI: Ontological Analysis of the Literary Work of Art; Jarmo SAARTI: The Analysis of the Information Process of Fiction: a Holistic Approach to Information Processing; N.Y. KOBASHI, J.W. SMIT and M. de F.G.M. TÁLAMO: Constitution of the Scientific Domain of Information Science; 3. Models and Methods for Knowledge Representation Anita COLEMAN: A Classification of Models; Gian Piero ZARRI: Indexing and Querying of Narrative Documents, a Knowledge Representation Approach: Jeremy J. SHAPIRO: Interdisciplinary Knowledge Integration and Intellectual Creativity; Rahmatollah FATTAHI and Mehri PARIROKH: Restructuring the Bibliographic Record for Better Organization, Management, and Representation of Knowledge in the Global Online Environment: a New Approach; Devika P. MADALLI and A.R.D. PRASSAD: Vyasa: a Knowledge Representation System for Automatic Maintenance of Analytico-Synthetic Scheme; Catalina NAUMIS PENA: Images and Words; 4. Models and Methods for Knowledge Organization. Tools and Systems Maria Ines CORDEIRO and Aida SLAVIC: Data Models for Knowledge Organization Tools: Evolution and Perspectives; Vanda BROUGHTON: Facet Analytical Theory as a Basis for Knowledge Oganization Tool in a Subject Portal; Stella G DEXTRE CLARKE: Planning Controlled Vocabularies for the Uk Public; Sector Widad MUSTAFA el HADI: Terminology & Information Retrieval: New Tools for New Needs. Integration of Knowledge Across Boundaries; Hur-Li LEE and Allyson CARLYLE: Academic Library Gateways to Online Information: a Taxonomy of Organizational Structures; 5. Models and Methods for Knowledge Organization and Retrieval Gerhard J.A. RIESTHUIS and Maja ZUMER: The Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records and Knowledge Organization; Rochelle KEDAR and Snunith SHOHAM: The Subject Cataloging Of Monographs With The Use Of a Thesaurus; Ana PÉREZ LÓPEZ, Mercedes DE LA MONEDA and Ángel MOROS RAMÍREZ: Application of the Cantor set Theory in Making Decision about the Collection Development; Hemalata IYER and Jeanne M. KEEFE: The WordNet as an Auxiliary Resource To Search Visual Image Database In Architecture; Douglas TUDHOPE, Ceri BINDING, Dorothee BLOCKS and Daniel CUNLIFFE: Representation and Retrieval in Faceted Systems;
6. Organization of Integrated Knowledge in the Electronic Environment. The Internet José Antonio SALVADOR OLIVÁN, José Maria ANGÓS ULLATE and Maria Jesús FERNÁNDEZ RUÍZ: Organization of the Information about Health Resources an the Internet; Eduardo PEIS, Antonio RUIZ, Francisco J. MUNOZ-FERNÁNDEZ and Francisco de ALBA QUINONES: Practical Method to Code Archive Findings Aids in Internet Marthinus; S. VAN DER WALT: An Integrated Model For The Organization Of Electronic Information/Knowledge in Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises (Smme's) in South Africa; Ricardo EITO BRUN: Software Development and Reuse as Knowledge Management; Practice Roberto POLI: Framing Information; 7. Models and Methods for Knowledge Organization and Conceptual Relationships Terence R. SMITH, Marcia Lei ZENG, and ADEPT Knowledge Organization Team: Structured Models of Scientific Concepts for Organizing, Accessing, and Using Learning Materials; M. OUSSALAH, F. GIRET and T. KHAMMACI: A kr Multi-hierarchies/Multi-Views Model for the Development of Complex Systems; Jonathan FURNER: A Unifying Model of Document Relatedness for Hybrid Search Engines; José Manuel BARRUECO and Vicente Julián INGLADA: Reference Linking in Economics: The Citec Project; Allyson CARLYLE and Lisa M. FUSCO: Equivalence in Tillett's Bibliographic Relationships Taxonomy: a Revision; José Antonio FRÍAS and Ana Belén RÍOS HILARIO: Visibility and Invisibility of the Kindship Relationships in Bibliographic Families of the Library Catalogue; 8. Integration of Knowledge in the Internet. Representing Knowledge in Web Sites Houssem ASSADI and Thomas BEAUVISAGE: A Comparative Study of Six French-Speaking Web Directories; Barbara H. KWASNIK: Commercial Web Sites and The Use of Classification Schemes: The Case of Amazon.Com; Jorge SERRANO COBOS and Ana M' QUINTERO ORTA: Design, Development and Management of an Information Recovery System for an Internet Website: from Documentary Theory to Practice; José Luis HERRERA MORILLAS and M' del Rosario FERNÁNDEZ FALERO: Information and Resources About Bibliographic Heritage an The Web Sites of the Spanish Universities; J.F. ALDANA, A.C. GÓMEZ, N. MORENO, A. J. NEBRO, M.M. ROLDÁN: Metadata Functionality for Semantic Web Integration; Uta PRISS: Alternatives to the "Semantic Web": Multi-Strategy Knowledge Representation; 9. Models and Methods for Knowledge Integration in Information Systems Rebecca GREEN, Carol A. BEAN and Michele HUDON: Universality And Basic Level Concepts; Grant CAMPBELL: Chronotope And Classification: How Space-Time Configurations Affect the Gathering of Industrial Statistical Data; Marianne LYKKE NIELSEN and Anna GJERLUF ESLAU: Corporate Thesauri - How to Ensure Integration of Knowledge and Reflections of Diversity; Nancy WILLIAMSON: Knowledge Integration and Classification Schemes; M.V. HURTADO, L. GARCIA and J.PARETS: Semantic Views over Heterogeneous and Distributed Data Repositories: Integration of Information System Based an Ontologies; Fernando ELICHIRIGOITY and Cheryl KNOTT MALONE: Representing the Global Economy: the North American Industry Classification System;
10. Applications of Artificial Intelligence Techniques to Information Retrieval (Part I) Christopher S.G. KHOO, Karen NG and Shiyan OU: An Exploratory Study of Human Clustering Of Web Pages; Stephane CHAUDIRON, Majid IHADJADENE and François ROLE: Authorial Index Browsing in an XML Digital Library; Xavier POLANCO: Clusters, Graphs, and Networks for Analyzing Internet-Web-Supported Communication within a Virtual Community; E. HERRERA-VIEDMA, O. CORDÓN, J.C. HERRERA, M. LUQUE: An IRS Based an Multi-Granular Linguistic Information; Pedro CUESTA, Alma M. GÓMEZ and Francisco J. RODRÍGUEZ: Using Agents for Information Retrieval; 11. Integration of Knowledge in Multicultural Domain-Oriented and General Systems. (Part I) Antonio GARCIA JIMANEZ, Alberto DÍAZ ESTEBAN and Pablo GERVÁS: Knowledge Organization in a Multilingual System for the Personalization of Digital News Services: How to Integrate Knowledge; Marfa J. LÓPEZ-HUERTAS and Mario BARITA: Knowledge Representation and Organization of Gender Studies an the Internet: Towards Integration; Victoria FRANCU: Language-Independent Structures and Multilingual Information Access Annelise Mark PEJTERSEN and Hanne ALBRECHTSEN Models for Collaborative Integration of Knowledge; 12. Applications of Artificial Intelligence Techniques to Information Retrieval (Part II) C. LOPEZ-PUJALTE, V.P. GUERRERO, F. de MOYA-ANEGÓN: Evaluation of the Application of Genetic Algorithms to Relevance Feedback; O. CORDÓN, E. HERRERA-VIEDMA, M. LUQUE, F. de MOYA,ANEGÓN and C. ZARCO: An Inductive Query by Example Technique for Extended Boolean Queries Based an Simulated Annealing-Programming; Vfctor HERRERO-SOLANA and F. de MOYA-ANEGÓN: Graphical Table of Contents (GTOC) for Library Collections: the Aplication of UDC Codes for the Subject Maps; Luis M. CAMPOS, Juan M. FERNEZ-LUNA and Juan HUSTE: Managing Documents with Bayesian Belief Networks: A Brief Survey of Applications and Models; 13. Epistemological Approaches to Classification Principles, Design and Construction Birger HJOERLAND: The Methodology Of Constructing Classification Schemes: A discussion of the State-of-the-Art; Hope OLSON, Juliet NIELSEN and Shona R. DIPPIE: Encyclopaedist Rivalry, Classificatory Commonality, Illusory Universality; Jian QIN: Evolving Paradigms of Knowledge Representation and Organization: A Comparative Study of classification, XML/DTD and Ontology; Jens-Erik MAI: Is Classification Theory Possible? Rethinking Classification Research; I.C. McILWAINE: Where Have All The Flowers Gone? An Investigation Into The Fate of Some Special Classification Schemes; 14. Professional Ethics. Users and Information Structures. Evaluation of Systems J. Carlos FERNÁNDEZ-MOLINA and J. Augusto c. GUIMARAES: Ethical Aspects of Knowledge Organization and Representation in the Digital Environment: Their Articulation in Professional Codes of Ethics; Ali Asghar SHIRI, Crawford REVIE and Gobinda CHOWDHURY: Assessing the Impact of User Interaction with Thesaural Knowledge Structures: A Quantitative Analysis Framework; Carmen CARO CASTRO and Críspulo TRAVIESO RODRÍGUEZ: Ariadne's Thread: Knowledge Structures for Browsing in OPAC's; Linda BANWELL: Developing and Evaluation Framework For a Supranational Digital Library; Antonio L. GARCIA GUTIÉRREZ: Knowledge Organization From a "culture of the Border": Towards a Transcultural Ethics of Mediation; Christopher KING, David H. MARWICK and M. Howard WILLIAMS: The Importance of Context in Resolving of Confliets when Sharing User Profiles;

Footnote

Vgl. auch den Bericht über die Tagung von N. Williamson in: KO 29(2002) no.2, S.94-102
National Seminar on Classification in the Digital Environment : Papers contributed to the National Seminar an Classification in the Digital Environment, Bangalore, 9-11 August 2001 (2001) 0.05
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Date

2. 1.2004 10:35:22

Footnote

AHUJA and SATIJA (Relevance of Ranganathan's Classification Theory in the Age of Digital Libraries) note that traditional bibliographic classification systems have been applied in the digital environment with only limited success. They find that the "inherent flexibility of electronic manipulation of documents or their surrogates should allow a more organic approach to allocation of new subjects and appropriate linkages between subject hierarchies." (p. 18). Ahija and Satija also suggest that it is necessary to shift from a "subject" focus to a "need" focus when applying classification theory in the digital environment. They find Ranganathan's framework applicable in the digital environment. Although Ranganathan's focus is "subject oriented and hence emphasise the hierarchical and linear relationships" (p. 26), his framework "can be successfully adopted with certain modifications ... in the digital environment." (p. 26). SHAH and KUMAR (Model for System Unification of Geographical Schedules (Space Isolates)) report an a plan to develop a single schedule for geographical Subdivision that could be used across all classification systems. The authors argue that this is needed in order to facilitate interoperability in the digital environment. SAN SEGUNDO MANUEL (The Representation of Knowledge as a Symbolization of Productive Electronic Information) distills different approaches and definitions of the term "representation" as it relates to representation of knowledge in the library and information science literature and field. SHARADA (Linguistic and Document Classification: Paradigmatic Merger Possibilities) suggests the development of a universal indexing language. The foundation for the universal indexing language is Chomsky's Minimalist Program and Ranganathan's analytico-synthetic classification theory; Acording to the author, based an these approaches, it "should not be a problem" (p. 62) to develop a universal indexing language.
PARAMESWARAN (Classification and Indexing: Impact of Classification Theory an PRECIS) reviews the PRECIS system and finds that "it Gould not escape from the impact of the theory of classification" (p. 131). The author further argues that the purpose of classification and subject indexing is the same and that both approaches depends an syntax. This leads to the conclusion that "there is an absolute syntax as the Indian theory of classification points out" (p. 131). SATYAPAL and SANJIVINI SATYAPAL (Classifying Documents According to Postulational Approach: 1. SA TSAN- A Computer Based Learning Package) and SATYAPAL and SANJIVINI SATYAPAL (Classifying Documents According to Postulational Approach: 2. Semi-Automatic Synthesis of CC Numbers) present an application to automate classification using a facet classification system, in this Gase, the Colon Classification system. GAIKAIWARI (An Interactive Application for Faceted Classification Systems) presents an application, called SRR, for managing and using a faceted classification scheme in a digital environment. IYER (Use of Instructional Technology to Support Traditional Classroom Learning: A Case Study) describes a course an "Information and Knowledge Organization" that she teaches at the University at Albany (SUNY). The course is a conceptual course that introduces the student to various aspects of knowledge organization. GOPINATH (Universal Classification: How can it be used?) lists fifteen uses of universal classifications and discusses the entities of a number of disciplines. GOPINATH (Knowledge Classification: The Theory of Classification) briefly reviews the foundations for research in automatic classification, summarizes the history of classification, and places Ranganathan's thought in the history of classification.
Discussion The proceedings of the National Seminar an Classification in the Digital Environment give some insights. However, the depth of analysis and discussion is very uneven across the papers. Some of the papers have substantive research content while others appear to be notes used in the oral presentation. The treatments of the topics are very general in nature. Some papers have a very limited list of references while others have no bibliography. No index has been provided. The transfer of bibliographic knowledge organization theory to the digital environment is an important topic. However, as the papers at this conference have shown, it is also a difficult task. Of the 18 papers presented at this seminar an classification in the digital environment, only 4-5 papers actually deal directly with this important topic. The remaining papers deal with issues that are more or less relevant to classification in the digital environment without explicitly discussing the relation. The reason could be that the authors take up issues in knowledge organization that still need to be investigated and clarified before their application in the digital environment can be considered. Nonetheless, one wishes that the knowledge organization community would discuss the application of classification theory in the digital environment in greater detail. It is obvious from the comparisons of the classificatory structures of bibliographic classification systems and Web directories that these are different and that they probably should be different, since they serve different purposes. Interesting questions in the transformation of bibliographic classification theories to the digital environment are: "Given the existing principles in bibliographic knowledge organization, what are the optimum principles for organization of information, irrespectively of context?" and "What are the fundamental theoretical and practical principles for the construction of Web directories?" Unfortunately, the papers presented at this seminar do not attempt to answer or discuss these questions."
Ingwersen, P.; Järvelin, K.: ¬The turn : integration of information seeking and retrieval in context (2005) 0.04
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Abstract

The Turn analyzes the research of information seeking and retrieval (IS&R) and proposes a new direction of integrating research in these two areas: the fields should turn off their separate and narrow paths and construct a new avenue of research. An essential direction for this avenue is context as given in the subtitle Integration of Information Seeking and Retrieval in Context. Other essential themes in the book include: IS&R research models, frameworks and theories; search and works tasks and situations in context; interaction between humans and machines; information acquisition, relevance and information use; research design and methodology based on a structured set of explicit variables - all set into the holistic cognitive approach. The present monograph invites the reader into a construction project - there is much research to do for a contextual understanding of IS&R. The Turn represents a wide-ranging perspective of IS&R by providing a novel unique research framework, covering both individual and social aspects of information behavior, including the generation, searching, retrieval and use of information. Regarding traditional laboratory information retrieval research, the monograph proposes the extension of research toward actors, search and work tasks, IR interaction and utility of information. Regarding traditional information seeking research, it proposes the extension toward information access technology and work task contexts. The Turn is the first synthesis of research in the broad area of IS&R ranging from systems oriented laboratory IR research to social science oriented information seeking studies. TOC:Introduction.- The Cognitive Framework for Information.- The Development of Information Seeking Research.- Systems-Oriented Information Retrieval.- Cognitive and User-Oriented Information Retrieval.- The Integrated IS&R Research Framework.- Implications of the Cognitive Framework for IS&R.- Towards a Research Program.- Conclusion.- Definitions.- References.- Index.

Footnote

Rez. in: Mitt. VÖB 59(2006) H.2, S.81-83 (O. Oberhauser): "Mit diesem Band haben zwei herausragende Vertreter der europäischen Informationswissenschaft, die Professoren Peter Ingwersen (Kopenhagen) und Kalervo Järvelin (Tampere) ein Werk vorgelegt, das man vielleicht dereinst als ihr opus magnum bezeichnen wird. Mich würde dies nicht überraschen, denn die Autoren unternehmen hier den ambitionierten Versuch, zwei informations wissenschaftliche Forschungstraditionen, die einander bisher in eher geringem Ausmass begegneten, unter einem gesamtheitlichen kognitiven Ansatz zu vereinen - das primär im sozialwissenschaftlichen Bereich verankerte Forschungsgebiet "Information Seeking and Retrieval" (IS&R) und das vorwiegend im Informatikbereich angesiedelte "Information Retrieval" (IR). Dabei geht es ihnen auch darum, den seit etlichen Jahren zwar dominierenden, aber auch als zu individualistisch kritisierten kognitiven Ansatz so zu erweitern, dass technologische, verhaltensbezogene und kooperative Aspekte in kohärenter Weise berücksichtigt werden. Dies geschieht auf folgende Weise in neun Kapiteln: - Zunächst werden die beiden "Lager" - die an Systemen und Laborexperimenten orientierte IR-Tradition und die an Benutzerfragen orientierte IS&R-Fraktion - einander gegenübergestellt und einige zentrale Begriffe geklärt. - Im zweiten Kapitel erfolgt eine ausführliche Darstellung der kognitiven Richtung der Informationswissenschaft, insbesondere hinsichtlich des Informationsbegriffes. - Daran schliesst sich ein Überblick über die bisherige Forschung zu "Information Seeking" (IS) - eine äusserst brauchbare Einführung in die Forschungsfragen und Modelle, die Forschungsmethodik sowie die in diesem Bereich offenen Fragen, z.B. die aufgrund der einseitigen Ausrichtung des Blickwinkels auf den Benutzer mangelnde Betrachtung der Benutzer-System-Interaktion. - In analoger Weise wird im vierten Kapitel die systemorientierte IRForschung in einem konzentrierten Überblick vorgestellt, in dem es sowohl um das "Labormodell" als auch Ansätze wie die Verarbeitung natürlicher Sprache und Expertensysteme geht. Aspekte wie Relevanz, Anfragemodifikation und Performanzmessung werden ebenso angesprochen wie die Methodik - von den ersten Laborexperimenten bis zu TREC und darüber hinaus.
Kling, R.; Rosenbaum, H.; Sawyer, S.: Understanding and communicating social informatics : a framework for studying and teaching the human contexts of information and communication technologies (2005) 0.04
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Classification

303.48/33 22

DDC

303.48/33 22

Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.1, S.151-152 (R. Gazan): "Anyone who has ever struggled to describe social informatics to a skeptical colleague or a room full of students will appreciate this clear and well-organized introduction to the field. It is at once a literature review, a teaching guide, and an outreach manifesto for integrating the social aspects of information and communication technologies (ICTs) into system design, analysis, and research. The context of this book is of particular importance. Rob Kling founded social informatics as a research field, and led the creation of the Center for Social Informatics at Indiana University. Kling pinpoints 1996 as the year when his long-simmering ideas coalesced into social informatics, though in the Foreword, William H. Dutton argues that the birth date of the field was actually more than a decade earlier. Kling, Howard Rosenbaum, and Steve Sawyer worked on this book intermittently for years, but upon Kling's death in May 2003, Rosenbaum and Sawyer completed the work. Under the circumstances, the book could easily have become a festschrift or celebration of Kling's career, but the authors maintain tight focus on the findings and applicability of social informatics research throughout. While much of Kling's work is cited, and very little of it critiqued, overall there is a good balance and synthesis of diverse approaches to social informatics research. Creating a conceptual critical mass around an idea like social informatics is only the first phase in its evolution. The initial working definition of social informatics-"the interdisciplinary study of the design, uses and consequences of ICTs that takes into account their interaction with institutional and cultural contexts" (p. 6)-was developed at a seminal 1997 workshop, and background information about the workshop's participants and process is summarized in two brief appendices. The results of this workshop yielded a raft of empirical studies, and at this point in the development of social informatics, the authors' focus on applying and extending the results of these initial studies is particularly well-timed. The authors identify a disconnect between popular, professional, and scholarly discourse on how ICTs coevolve with organizations, institutions, and society, and they aim to bridge this gap by providing a "pointer to the practical value of the scholarship on organizational and societal effects of computerization" (p. 3).
The opening chapter provides a 10-page introduction to social informatics and identifies three high-level subdomains of the field: the normative, analytical, and critical orientations. Chapter 2 then narrows the focus to the social, technical, and institutional nature and consequences of ICTs, and provides a well-chosen review and analysis of social informatics research, mostly case studies of system implementations gone wrong. The recurring finding in these cases is that the social and institutional context of the system implementation was not sufficiently accounted for. In light of these concrete examples, the value and applicability of a social informatics perspective becomes clear. The chapters are organized exceptionally well, with bullet points and tables summarizing core ideas. One particularly good example of the organization of ideas is a table comparing designer-centric and social design views on the task of designing ICTs for workplaces (p. 42). Included are the different views of work, intended goals, design assumptions, and technological choices inherent in each design philosophy. Readers can immediately grasp how a social informatics perspective, as opposed to the more traditional designer-centric perspective, would result in significant differences in the design of workplace ICTs. The chapter titled, "Social Informatics for Designers, Developers, and Implementers of ICT Based Systems," provides an extremely focused introduction to the importance of social informatics for system builders, with more examples of large-scale system breakdowns resulting from failure to account for context, such as the 1988 destruction of a civilian passenger jet in the Persian Gulf by the USS Vincennes. However, many of the chapter subheadings have promising titles such as "ICTs Rarely Cause Social Transformations" (p. 28), and though the findings of several studies that reach this conclusion are reviewed, this section is but a page in length and no dissenting findings are mentioned; this seems insufficient support for such a substantial claim. Throughout the book, conclusions from different studies are effectively juxtaposed and summarized to create a sense of a cohesive body of social informatics research findings, which are expressed in a very accessible manner. At the same time, the findings are discussed in relation to their applicability to diverse audiences outside the social informatics field: system designers and developers, ICT policy analysts, teachers of technical curricula, and ICT professionals. Anticipating and addressing the concerns of such a diverse group of audiences outside the field of social informatics is an admirable but overly ambitious goal to achieve in a 153-page book (not counting the excellent glossary, references, and appendices). For example, the chapter on social informatics for ICT policy analysts includes approximately twenty pages of ICT policy history in the U.S. and Europe, which seems a luxury in such a small volume. Though it is unquestionably relevant material, it does not fit well with the rest of the book and might be more effective as a stand-alone chapter for an information policy course, perhaps used in tandem with the introduction.
In the authors' view, the primary means to more widespread acceptance of social informatics is to integrate it with the more traditionally technical curricula of ICT oriented students in computer science and related fields, and this is the focus of Chapter 5. Here the book delivers on its promise of providing a clear framework for both understanding and teaching social informatics. The goal is not simply to learn how to build systems, but to learn how to build systems that account for the context in which they are used. The authors prescribe field experience problem-driven learning techniques embedded in the needs of particular organizations, and a critical, reflexive orientation toward ICT design and construction. In a chapter endnote, the authors mention that a socia informatics perspective would also be useful to students in other fields such as communication and education, but that space limitations required a focus on computer science. Though an understandable choice, if the goal is to convince those outside the field of the value of a social informatics perspective, it would seem natural to include management or economics curricula as fertile ground to analyze some of the tangible effects of a failure to account for the social context of system implementations. Chapter 6 is something of an outreach manifesto, a treatise on communicating social informatics research to professional and research communities, and an explicit call for social informatics researchers "to shoulder the responsibility for communicating the core of social informatics . . . to ICT professionals and other research communities" (pp. 106-107). The authors are not shy about framing social informatics less as a research field and more as an up-and-coming competitor in the marketplace of ICT-oriented ideas; achieving more widespread acceptance of social informatics is presented almost as a sales and marketing challenge, the goal being "getting to yes" in the minds of ICT professionals. It is an effective presentation strategy, but one that comes with a cost.
Throughout the book, the authors portray social informatics research as being underutilized and misunderstood outside the field, and they should be commended for acknowledging and addressing these problems head-on. Yes, there is resistance from ICT professionals and faculty and students in technical disciplines, most of whom have not been trained to consider social and institutional issues as part of their work. However, this stance sometimes results in a defensive tone. Social informatics research is repeatedly described as "systematic," "rigorous," and "empirically anchored," as if in preemptive response to doubts about the seriousness of social informatics scholarship. Chapter titles such as "Perceptions of the Relevance of Social Informatics Research" and "Raising the Profile of Social Informatics Research" contribute to this impression. Nonscholarly observers are dismissed as "pundits," and students who lack a social informatics perspective have "typically naïve" conceptualizations (p. 100). The concluding chapter ends not with a powerful and memorable synthesis, but with a final plea: "Taking Social Informatics Seriously." The content of the book is strong enough to stand on its own, but the manner in which it is presented sometimes detracts from the message. The book's few weaknesses can be viewed simply as the price of attempting both to survey social informatics research findings and to articulate their importance for such a diverse set of audiences, in such a brief volume. The central tension of the book, and the field of social informatics as a whole, is that on the one hand the particular-use context of an ICT is of critical importance, but furthering a social informatics agenda requires that some context-independent findings and tools be made evident to those outside the field. Understanding and Communicating Social Informatics is an important and worthwhile contribution toward reconciling this tension, and translating social informatics research findings into better real-world systems."
Gaining insight from research information (CRIS2002) : Proceedings of the 6th International Conference an Current Research Information Systems, University of Kassel, August 29 - 31, 2002 (2002) 0.04
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Abstract

Current Research Information Systems is the focus of series of international conferences, initiated since 1991 by euroCRIS, a non-profit association. Screening the topics of the former conferences you can see that CRISs always picked up both the social challenges and the technological developments. Topics of former conferences were - establishment of research databases in single countries - standardisation and harmonisation - data exchange formats - Marketing, promotion and dissemination of research information CRIS 2002 is reflecting the real situation, influenced by social pressure an scientists to provide answers to problems of society and an transparency of research and research results in a world of unbounded (electronic) information networks. In the times of electronic networks it is not the problem to spread information, but the question is how to find the needed information at the right moment within appropriate time. Especially looking to WWW we not only have an enormous amount of information but different kinds of information systems (single systems and those em-bedded in a university research information management system), structured and non-structured information offers, data of different quality. The most exciting questions that will be discussed at CRIS 2002 are: - How can we solve the heterogeneity problem searching in distributed CRISs? - How efficient are search engines? Do we need CRISs in times of search engines like "google"? - What achieve new flexible and extensible data- and information-exchange models in addition? And last but not least: Is their any user for CRIS? Who are the users? Do they only want to find interesting information about research or do they want to use this information for analysis and evaluation of (local, regional, national, transnational) research systems and appropriate funding of research? We set our hopes an fruitful lectures and discussions and long lasting effects of CRIS 2002. This conference was organised by the University of Kassel and the Social Science Information Centre, Bonn, which give all the support needed to organise an international conference. But without funding and sponsoring of the conference by research funding institutions and by private firms of Germany the conference could not have taken place. We want to express our gratitude. We want to thank members of programme and organisation committees working for a good conference too.

Content

Enthält die Beiträge: CRIS-Cross: Research Information Systems at a Crossroads (Eric H. Zimmerman) Current Research Information as Part of Digital Libraries and the Heterogeneity Problem: Integrated searches in the context of databases with different content analyses (Jürgen Krause) CERIF: Past, Present and Future: An Overview (Anne Asserson, Keith G Jeffery, Andrei Lopatenko) Treatment of Semantic fleterogeneity using Meta-Data Extraction and Query Translation (Robert Strötgen) Proposals for a new flexible and extensible XML-model for exchange of research information (Jens Vindvad, Erlend Oeverby), Information Retrieval of Research Information in a Distributed Heterogeneous Environment (Andrei Lopatenko, Anne Asserson, Keith G Jeffery) Effectiveness of tagging laboratory data using Dublin Core in an electronic scientific notebook (Laura M. Bartolo, Cathy S. Lowe, Austin C Melton, Monica Strah, Louis Feng, Christopher J. Woolverton) Comparative Study of Metadata for Scientific Information: The place of CERIF in CRISs and Scientific Repositories (Keith G Jeffery, Andrei Lopatenko, Anne Asserson) Metasearch engine for Austrian research information (Marek Andricik) SEAL - a SEmantic portAL with content management functionality (Steffen Staab, Rudi Studer, York Sure, Raphael Volz) Discovery of patterns of scientific and technological development and knowledge transfer (Anthony FJ van Raan, Ed C. M. Noyons)
Development of a central Knowledge Transfer Platform in a highly decentralised environment (Dominik Ulmer, Beat Birkenmeier) International Research Information System: Support to Science Management (Barend Mons, Renee van Kessel, Ruud Strijp, Bob Schijvenaars, Erik van Mulligen) DBClear: A Generic System for Clearinghouses (H. Hellweg, B. Hermes, M. Stempfhuber, W. Enderle, T. Fischer) Research Information and Strategic Decision Making (Richard Tomlin) AARLIN: Seamless information delivery to researchers (Doreen Parker, Earle Gow, Edward Lim) Information Retrieval in Distributed Environments based on Context-Aware, Proactive Documents (Michael Friedrich, Ralf-Dieter Schimkat, Wolfgang Küchlin) Integration via Meaning: Using the Semantic Web to deliver Web Services (Brian M. Matthews) Weaving the Web of European social science (Jostein Ryssevik) Is there any user for this CRIS? (Benedetto Lepori, Lorenzo Cantoni) What's your question? The need for research information from the perspective of different user groups (Nieske Iris Koopmans) Accessing the Outputs of Scientific Projects (Brian M. Matthews, Michael D Wilson, Kerstin Kleese-van Dam)
Workshops Data Collectors meet Data Suppliers an the Internet (DirkHennig, Wolfgang Sander-Beuermann) CERIF-2000 (Common European Research Information Format) (Andrei Lopatenko) Embedding of CRIS in a university research information management system (Jostein Helland Hauge) A European Research Information System (ERIS): an infrastructure tool in a European research world without boundaries? (M.L.H. Lalieu)
Poster CERIF-2000 as a platform for university public research information service (Andrei Lopatenko) ELFI: ELectronic Research Funding Information System (Andreas Esch) Estonian r&d information system - ERIS (Taavi Türik) Including a Campus-Wide Publications List System into the existing CRIS of a University (Franz Holzer, Eva Bertha, Franz Haselbacher) Information Interface for RTD Co-operation between the European Union and Russia (Irina Gaslikova) KM_LINE: Knowledge Management for Local Innovation Networks e.services platform (Adriana Agrimi, Giuseppe Bux) METIS: the Research Information System of the Durch Universities (Eduard Simons) Research Information System of the University of Tartu (Viktor Muuli) Research Project Database - Forschungsthemen-Datenbank Sachsen-Anhalt (LSAFODB) (Sylvia Springer) The Architecture of an Information Portal for Telecommunications (Kerstin Zimmermann)
Context: nature, impact, and role : 5th International Conference on Conceptions of Library and Information Science, CoLIS 2005, Glasgow 2005; Proceedings (2005) 0.04
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Content

Das Buch ist in die Abschnitte Invited Papers (1 Beitrag, 1 Abstract), Representing Context (3 Beiträge), Context and Relevance in Information Seeking (3), Context and Information (3), Contextualised Information Seeking (3), Agendas for Context (3), Context and Documents (2) und Workshops (2 Ankündigungstexte) gegliedert und enthält ein simples Autoren-, jedoch kein Sachregister. Die Autoren der Beiträge stammen mit einigen Ausnahmen (Italien, Frankreich, Russland) aus den angelsächsischen und skandinavischen Ländern.

Footnote

Rez. in: Mitt. VÖB 59(2006) H.3, S.100-103 (O. Oberhauser): "Dieses als Band 3507 der bekannten, seit 1973 erscheinenden Springer-Serie Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) publizierte Buch versammelt die Vorträge der 5. Tagung "Conceptions of Library and Information Science". CoLIS hat sich in den letzten anderthalb Jahrzehnten als internationales Forum für die Präsentation und Rezeption von Forschung auf den Fachgebieten Informatik und Informationswissenschaft etabliert. Auf die 1992 in Tampere (Finnland) anlässlich des damals 20jährigen Bestehens des dortigen Instituts für Informationswissenschaft abgehaltene erste Tagung folgten weitere in Kopenhagen (1996), Dubrovnik (1999) und Seattle, WA (2002). Die zuletzt an der Strathclyde University in Glasgow (2005) veranstaltete Konferenz war dem Thema "Context" im Rahmen der informationsbezogenen Forschung gewidmet, einem komplexen, dynamischen und multidimensionalen Begriff von grosser Bedeutung für das Verhalten und die Interaktion von Mensch und Maschine. . . .
Mehrere Beiträge befassen sich mit dem Problem der Relevanz. Erica Cosijn und Theo Bothma (Pretoria) argumentieren, dass für das Benutzerverhalten neben der thematischen Relevanz auch verschiedene andere Relevanzdimensionen eine Rolle spielen und schlagen auf der Basis eines (abermals auf Ingwersen zurückgehenden) erweiterten Relevanzmodells vor, dass IR-Systeme die Möglichkeit zur Abgabe auch kognitiver, situativer und sozio-kognitiver Relevanzurteile bieten sollten. Elaine Toms et al. (Kanada) berichten von einer Studie, in der versucht wurde, die schon vor 30 Jahren von Tefko Saracevic3 erstellten fünf Relevanzdimensionen (kognitiv, motivational, situativ, thematisch und algorithmisch) zu operationalisieren und anhand von Recherchen mit einer Web-Suchmaschine zu untersuchen. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass sich diese fünf Dimensionen in drei Typen vereinen lassen, die Benutzer, System und Aufgabe repräsentieren. Von einer völlig anderen Seite nähern sich Olof Sundin und Jenny Johannison (Boras, Schweden) der Relevanzthematik, indem sie einen kommunikationsorientierten, neo-pragmatistischen Ansatz (nach Richard Rorty) wählen, um Informationssuche und Relevanz zu analysieren, und dabei auch auf das Werk von Michel Foucault zurückgreifen. Weitere interessante Artikel befassen sich mit Bradford's Law of Scattering (Hjørland & Nicolaisen), Information Sharing and Timing (Widén-Wulff & Davenport), Annotations as Context for Searching Documents (Agosti & Ferro), sowie dem Nutzen von neuen Informationsquellen wie Web Links, Newsgroups und Blogs für die sozial- und informationswissenschaftliche Forschung (Thelwall & Wouters). In Summe liegt hier ein interessantes und anspruchsvolles Buch vor - inhaltlich natürlich nicht gerade einheitlich und geschlossen, doch dies darf man bei einem Konferenzband ohnedies nicht erwarten. Manche der abgedruckten Beiträge sind sicher nicht einfach zu lesen, lohnen aber die Mühe. Auch für Praktiker aus Bibliothek und Information ist einiges dabei, sofern sie sich für die wissenschaftliche Basis ihrer Tätigkeit interessieren. Fachlich einschlägige Spezial- und grössere Allgemeinbibliotheken sollten das Werk daher unbedingt führen.
Context: Nature, Impact and Role ist ein typischer LNCS-Softcover-Band in sauberem TeX-Design und mutet mit knapp 50 Euro zwar nicht als wohlfeil an, liegt aber angesichts heutiger Buchpreise im Rahmen. Die Zahl der Tippfehler hält sich in Grenzen, ist jedoch gelegentlich peinlich (z.B. wenn man auf S. 2, noch dazu im Fettdruck, "Tractaus" anstelle von "Tractatus" lesen muss). Als Kuriosum am Rande sei erwähnt, dass die einleitend abgedruckte Namensliste des CoLIS-Programmkomitees, immerhin rund 50 Personen, vom Computer fein säuberlich sortiert wurde - dies allerdings nach dem Alphabet der Vornamen der Komiteemitglieder, was offenbar weder den Herausgebern noch dem Verlag aufgefallen ist."

RSWK

Informationssystem / Navigieren / Kontextbezogenes System / Kongress / Glasgow <2005>
Information Retrieval / Kontextbezogenes System / Kongress / Glasgow <2005>
Information-Retrieval-System / Kontextbezogenes System / Kongress / Glasgow <2005>
Elektronische Bibliothek / Information Retrieval / Relevanz-Feedback / Kontextbezogenes System / Kongress / Glasgow <2005>

Subject

Informationssystem / Navigieren / Kontextbezogenes System / Kongress / Glasgow <2005>
Information Retrieval / Kontextbezogenes System / Kongress / Glasgow <2005>
Information-Retrieval-System / Kontextbezogenes System / Kongress / Glasgow <2005>
Elektronische Bibliothek / Information Retrieval / Relevanz-Feedback / Kontextbezogenes System / Kongress / Glasgow <2005>
Bruce, H.: ¬The user's view of the Internet (2002) 0.04
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Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST. 54(2003) no.9, S.906-908 (E.G. Ackermann): "In this book Harry Bruce provides a construct or view of "how and why people are using the Internet," which can be used "to inform the design of new services and to augment our usings of the Internet" (pp. viii-ix; see also pp. 183-184). In the process, he develops an analytical tool that I term the Metatheory of Circulating Usings, and proves an impressive distillation of a vast quantity of research data from previous studies. The book's perspective is explicitly user-centered, as is its theoretical bent. The book is organized into a preface, acknowledgments, and five chapters (Chapter 1, "The Internet Story;" Chapter 2, "Technology and People;" Chapter 3, "A Focus an Usings;" Chapter 4, "Users of the Internet;" Chapter 5, "The User's View of the Internet"), followed by an extensive bibliography and short index. Any notes are found at the end of the relevant Chapter. The book is illustrated with figures and tables, which are clearly presented and labeled. The text is clearly written in a conversational style, relatively jargon-free, and contains no quantification. The intellectual structure follows that of the book for the most part, with some exceptions. The definition of several key concepts or terms are scattered throughout the book, often appearing much later after extensive earlier use. For example, "stakeholders" used repeatedly from p. viii onward, remains undefined until late in the book (pp. 175-176). The study's method is presented in Chapter 3 (p. 34), relatively late in the book. Its metatheoretical basis is developed in two widely separated places (Chapter 3, pp. 56-61, and Chapter 5, pp. 157-159) for no apparent reason. The goal or purpose of presenting the data in Chapter 4 is explained after its presentation (p. 129) rather than earlier with the limits of the data (p. 69). Although none of these problems are crippling to the book, it does introduce an element of unevenness into the flow of the narrative that can confuse the reader and unnecessarily obscures the author's intent. Bruce provides the contextual Background of the book in Chapter 1 (The Internet Story) in the form of a brief history of the Internet followed by a brief delineation of the early popular views of the Internet as an information superstructure. His recapitulation of the origins and development of the Internet from its origins as ARPANET in 1957 to 1995 touches an the highlights of this familiar story that will not be retold here. The early popular views or characterizations of the Internet as an "information society" or "information superhighway" revolved primarily around its function as an information infrastructure (p. 13). These views shared three main components (technology, political values, and implied information values) as well as a set of common assumptions. The technology aspect focused an the Internet as a "common ground an which digital information products and services achieve interoperability" (p. 14). The political values provided a "vision of universal access to distributed information resources and the benefits that this will bring to the lives of individual people and to society in general" (p. 14). The implied communication and information values portrayed the Internet as a "medium for human creativity and innovation" (p. 14). These popular views also assumed that "good decisions arise from good information," that "good democracy is based an making information available to all sectors of society," and that "wisdom is the by-product of effective use of information" (p. 15). Therefore, because the Internet is an information infrastructure, it must be "good and using the Internet will benefit individuals and society in general" (p. 15).
Chapter 2 (Technology and People) focuses an several theories of technological acceptance and diffusion. Unfortunately, Bruce's presentation is somewhat confusing as he moves from one theory to next, never quite connecting them into a logical sequence or coherent whole. Two theories are of particular interest to Bruce: the Theory of Diffusion of Innovations and the Theory of Planned Behavior. The Theory of Diffusion of Innovations is an "information-centric view of technology acceptance" in which technology adopters are placed in the information flows of society from which they learn about innovations and "drive innovation adoption decisions" (p. 20). The Theory of Planned Behavior maintains that the "performance of a behavior is a joint function of intentions and perceived behavioral control" (i.e., how muck control a person thinks they have) (pp. 22-23). Bruce combines these two theories to form the basis for the Technology Acceptance Model. This model posits that "an individual's acceptance of information technology is based an beliefs, attitudes, intentions, and behaviors" (p. 24). In all these theories and models echoes a recurring theme: "individual perceptions of the innovation or technology are critical" in terms of both its characteristics and its use (pp. 24-25). From these, in turn, Bruce derives a predictive theory of the role personal perceptions play in technology adoption: Personal Innovativeness of Information Technology Adoption (PIITA). Personal inventiveness is defined as "the willingness of an individual to try out any new information technology" (p. 26). In general, the PIITA theory predicts that information technology will be adopted by individuals that have a greater exposure to mass media, rely less an the evaluation of information technology by others, exhibit a greater ability to cope with uncertainty and take risks, and requires a less positive perception of an information technology prior to its adoption. Chapter 3 (A Focus an Usings) introduces the User-Centered Paradigm (UCP). The UCP is characteristic of the shift of emphasis from technology to users as the driving force behind technology and research agendas for Internet development [for a dissenting view, see Andrew Dillion's (2003) challenge to the utility of user-centerness for design guidance]. It entails the "broad acceptance of the user-oriented perspective across a range of disciplines and professional fields," such as business, education, cognitive engineering, and information science (p. 34).
The UCP's effect an business practices is focused mainly in the management and marketing areas. Marketing experienced a shift from "product-oriented operations" with its focus an "selling the products' features" and customer contact only at the point of sale toward more service-Centered business practice ("customer Jemand orientation") and the development of one-to-one customer relationships (pp. 35-36). For management, the adoption of the UCP caused a shift from "mechanistic, bureaucratic, top-down organizational structures" to "flatter, inclusive, and participative" ones (p. 37). In education, practice shifted from the teachercentered model where the "teacher is responsible for and makes all the decisions related to the learning environment" to a learnercentered model where the student is "responsible for his or her own learning" and the teacher focuses an "matching learning events to the individual skills, aptitudes, and interests of the individual learner" (pp. 38-39). Cognitive engineering saw the rise of "user-Centered design" and human factors that were concerned with applying "scientific knowledge of humans to the design of man-machine interface systems" (p. 44). The UCP had a great effect an Information Science in the "design of information systems" (p. 47). Previous to UCP's explicit proposed by Brenda Dervin and M. Nilan in 1986, systems design was dominated by the "physical of system oriented paradigm" (p. 48). The physical paradigm held a positivistic and materialistic view of technology and (passive) human interaction as exemplified by the 1953 Cranfield tests of information retrieval mechanisms. Instead, the UCP focuses an "users rather than systems" by making the perceptions of individual information users the "centerpiece consideration for information service and system design" (pp. 47-48). Bruce briefly touches an the various schools of thought within user-oriented paradigm, such as the cognitive/self studies approach with its emphasis is an an individual's knowledge structures or model of the world [e.g., Belkin (1990)], the cognitve/context studies approach that focuses an "context in explaining variations in information behavior" [e.g., Savolainen (1995) and Dervin's (1999) sensemaking], and the social constructionism/discourse analytic theory with its focus an that language, not mental/knowledge constructs, as the primary shaper of the world as a system of intersubjective meanings [e.g., Talja 1996], (pp. 53-54). Drawing from the rich tradition of user oriented research, Bruce attempts to gain a metatheoretical understanding of the Internet as a phenomena by combining Dervin's (1996) "micromoments of human usings" with the French philosopher Bruno Latour's (1999) "conception of Circulating reference" to form what 1 term the Metatheory of Circulating Usings (pp. ix, 56, 60). According to Bruce, Latour's concept is designed to bridge "the gap between mind and object" by engaging in a "succession of finely grained transformations that construct and transfer truth about the object" through a chain of "microtranslations" from "matter to form," thereby connecting mind and object (p. 56). The connection works as long as the chain remains unbroken. The nature of this chain of "information producing translations" are such that as one moves away from the object, one experiences a "reduction" of the object's "locality, particularity, materiality, multiplicity and continuity," while simultaneously gaining the "amplification" of its "compatibility, standardization, text, calculation, circulation, and relative universality" (p. 57).
Bruce points out that Dervin is also concerned about how "we look at the world" in terms of "information needs and seeking" (p.60). She maintains that information scientists traditionally view information seeking and needs in terms of "contexts, users, and systems." Dervin questions whether or not, from a user's point of view, these three "points of interest" even exist. Rather it is the "micromoments of human usings" [emphasis original], and the "world viewings, seekings, and valuings" that comprise them that are real (p. 60). Using his metatheory, Bruce represents the Internet, the "object" of study, as a "chain of transformations made up of the micromoments of human usings" (p. 60). The Internet then is a "composite of usings" that, through research and study, is continuously reduced in complexity while its "essence" and "explanation" are amplified (p. 60). Bruce plans to use the Metatheory of Circulating Usings as an analytical "lens" to "tease out a characterization of the micromoments of Internet usings" from previous research an the Internet thereby exposing "the user's view of the Internet" (pp. 60-61). In Chapter 4 (Users of the Internet), Bruce presents the research data for the study. He begins with an explanation of the limits of the data, and to a certain extent, the study itself. The perspective is that of the Internet user, with a focus an use, not nonuse, thereby exluding issues such as the digital divide and universal service. The research is limited to Internet users "in modern economies around the world" (p. 60). The data is a synthesis of research from many disciplines, but mainly from those "associated with the information field" with its traditional focus an users, systems, and context rather than usings (p. 70). Bruce then presents an extensive summary of the research results from a massive literature review of available Internet studies. He examines the research for each study group in order of the amount of data available, starting with the most studied group professional users ("academics, librarians, and teachers") followed by "the younger generation" ("College students, youths, and young adults"), users of e-government information and e-business services, and ending with the general public (the least studied group) (p. 70). Bruce does a masterful job of condensing and summarizing a vast amount of research data in 49 pages. Although there is too muck to recapitulate here, one can get a sense of the results by looking at the areas of data examined for one of the study groups: academic Internet users. There is data an their frequency of use, reasons for nonuse, length of use, specific types of use (e.g., research, teaching, administration), use of discussion lists, use of e-journals, use of Web browsers and search engines, how academics learn to use web tools and services (mainly by self-instruction), factors affecting use, and information seeking habits. Bruce's goal in presenting all this research data is to provide "the foundation for constructs of the Internet that can inform stakeholders who will play a role in determining how the Internet will develop" (p. 129). These constructs are presented in Chapter 5.
Parekh, R.L.: Advanced indexing and abstracting practices (2000) 0.04
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Abstract

Indexing and abstracting are not activities that should be looked upon as ends in themselves. It is the results of these activities that should be evaluated and this can only be done within the context of a particular database, whether in printed or machine-readable form. In this context, the indexing can be judged successful if it allows searchers to locate items they want without having to look at many they do not want. This book intended primarily as a text to be used in teaching indexing and abstracting of Library and information science. It is an immense value to all individuals and institutions involved in information retrieval and related activities, including librarians, managers of information centres and database producers.

Content

Inhalt: 1. Indexing and Abstracting 2. Automatic Indexing and Automatic Abstracting 3. Principles of Indexing 4.Periodicals Listing and Accessioning 5. Online Computer Service 6. Dialog, Searching and Bibliographic Display 7. Books 8. Bibliographic Control 9. Abstracting Functions 10. Acquisition System 11. Future of Indexing and Abstracting Services

Ganendran, J.: Learn Library of Confress subject access (2000) 0.04

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Abstract: This book provides the necessary skills for a cataloger in a library or other information agency, whether a professional or paraprofessional level. It is also suitable for university students studying librarianship and those independently learning subject cataloging. Reviews the various parts of the LCSH cataloging system and contains use practice exercises and tests. A glossary, bibliography and index complete this fourth study guide in the library basics series

Kochtanek, T.R.; Matthews, J.R.: Library information systems : from library automation to distributed information systems (2002) 0.04
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Abstract

Specifically designed for core units in library automation and information systems, this long awaited new text gives students a comprehensive overview of one of the most critical areas of library operations. Produced by two internationally known scholars, Thomas Kochtanek and Joseph Matthews, this book will enable students to take the lead in managing an immense diversity of information resources and at the same time handle the complexities that information technology brings to the library. Giving important insight into library information systems-from the historical background to the latest technological trends and developments-the book is organized into 14 chapters, each presenting helpful information on such topics as systems design, types of systems, coverage of standards and standards organizations, technology axioms, system selection and implementation, usability of systems, library information systems management, technology trends, digital libraries, and more. New to the acclaimed Library and Information Science Text Series, this book will prove an indispensable resource to students preparing for a career in today's ever-evolving library environment. Complete with charts and illustrations, chapter summaries, suggested print and electronic resources, a glossary of terms, and an index, this text will be of central importance to libraries and library schools everywhere.

Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 54(2003) no.12, S.1166-1167 (Brenda Chawner): "Kochtanek and Matthews have written a welcome addition to the small set of introductory texts an applications of information technology to library and information Services. The book has fourteen chapters grouped into four sections: "The Broader Context," "The Technologies," "Management Issues," and "Future Considerations." Two chapters provide the broad content, with the first giving a historical overview of the development and adoption of "library information systems." Kochtanek and Matthews define this as "a wide array of solutions that previously might have been considered separate industries with distinctly different marketplaces" (p. 3), referring specifically to integrated library systems (ILS, and offen called library management systems in this part of the world), and online databases, plus the more recent developments of Web-based resources, digital libraries, ebooks, and ejournals. They characterize technology adoption patterns in libraries as ranging from "bleeding edge" to "leading edge" to "in the wedge" to "trailing edge"-this is a catchy restatement of adopter categories from Rogers' diffusion of innovation theory, where they are more conventionally known as "early adopters," "early majority," "late majority," and "laggards." This chapter concludes with a look at more general technology trends that have affected library applications, including developments in hardware (moving from mainframes to minicomputers to personal Computers), changes in software development (from in-house to packages), and developments in communications technology (from dedicated host Computers to more open networks to the current distributed environment found with the Internet). This is followed by a chapter describing the ILS and online database industries in some detail. "The Technologies" begins with a chapter an the structure and functionality of integrated library systems, which also includes a brief discussion of precision versus recall, managing access to internal documents, indexing and searching, and catalogue maintenance. This is followed by a chapter an open systems, which concludes with a useful list of questions to consider to determine an organization's readiness to adopt open source solutions. As one world expect, this section also includes a detailed chapter an telecommunications and networking, which includes types of networks, transmission media, network topologies, switching techniques (ranging from dial up and leased lines to ISDN/DSL, frame relay, and ATM). It concludes with a chapter an the role and importance of standards, which covers the need for standards and standards organizations, and gives examples of different types of standards, such as MARC, Dublin Core, Z39.50, and markup standards such as SGML, HTML, and XML. Unicode is also covered but only briefly. This section world be strengthened by a chapter an hardware concepts-the authors assume that their reader is already familiar with these, which may not be true in all cases (for example, the phrase "client-Server" is first used an page 11, but only given a brief definition in the glossary). Burke's Library Technology Companion: A Basic Guide for Library Staff (New York: Neal-Schuman, 2001) might be useful to fill this gap at an introductory level, and Saffady's Introduction to Automation for Librarians, 4th ed. (Chicago: American Library Association, 1999) world be better for those interested in more detail. The final two sections, however, are the book's real strength, with a strong focus an management issues, and this content distinguishes it from other books an this topic such as Ferguson and Hebels Computers for Librarians: an Introduction to Systems and Applications (Waggawagga, NSW: Centre for Information Studies, Charles Sturt University, 1998). ...
Though the book definitely meets a need for an up-to-date introduction to library information systems and associated management issues, and the emphasis an management issues means that it will not date too quickly, there is room for improvement. Some topics are described too briefly to be useful, such as customization/personalization, which is covered in a single paragraph, and does not mention recent developments such as the MyLibrary concept. Other topics seem to have only a peripheral connection to the main chapter theme-for example, it is surprising to find a discussion of information literacy at the end of the chapter an system selection and implementation, and the material an personalization/customization is at the end of the discussion of intranets. Despite these comments, 1 would consider using this as a textbook in an introductory course an library automation or information technology, and practitioners who want to upgrade their knowledge of current practices and issues will also find it useful. People who are primarily interested in a specific topic, such as information systems planning or system selection and implementation are likely to find more specialized books such as Planning for Integrated Systems and Technologies: A How-to-Do-It Manual for Librarians by John M. Cohn, Anne L. Kelsey, and Keith Michael Fiels (New York: Neal-Schuman, 2001) more useful."
Rogers, R.: Information politics on the Web (2004) 0.04
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Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.4, S.608-609 (K.D. Desouza): "Richard Rogers explores the distinctiveness of the World Wide Web as a politically contested space where information searchers may encounter multiple explanations of reality. Sources of information on the Web are in constant competition with each other for attention. The attention a source receives will determine its prominence, the ability to be a provider of leading information, and its inclusion in authoritative spaces. Rogers explores the politics behind evaluating sources that are collected and housed on authoritative spaces. Information politics on the Web can be looked at in terms of frontend or back-end politics. Front-end politics is concerned with whether sources on the Web pay attention to principles of inclusivity, fairness, and scope of representation in how information is presented, while back-end politics examines the logic behind how search engines or portals select and index information. Concerning front-end politics, Rogers questions the various versions of reality one can derive from examining information on the Web, especially when issues of information inclusivity and scope of representation are toiled with. In addition, Rogers is concerned with how back-end politics are being controlled by dominant forces of the market (i.e., the more an organization is willing to pay, the greater will be the site's visibility and prominence in authoritative spaces), regardless of whether the information presented on the site justifies such a placement. In the book, Rogers illustrates the issues involved in back-end and front-end politics (though heavily slanted on front-end politics) using vivid cases, all of which are derived from his own research. The main thrust is the exploration of how various "information instruments," defined as "a digital and analytical means of recording (capturing) and subsequently reading indications of states of defined information streams (p. 19)," help capture the politics of the Web. Rogers employs four specific instruments (Lay Decision Support System, Issue Barometer, Web Issue Index of Civil Society, and Election Issue Tracker), which are covered in detail in core chapters of the book (Chapter 2-Chapter 5). The book is comprised of six chapters, with Chapter 1 being the traditional introduction and Chapter 6 being a summary of the major concepts discussed.
Chapter 2 examines the politics of information retrieval in the context of collaborative filtering techniques. Rogers begins by discussing the underpinnings of modern search engine design by examining medieval practices of knowledge seeking, following up with a critique of the collaborative filtering techniques. Rogers's major contention is that collaborative filtering rids us of user idiosyncrasies as search query strings, preferences, and recommendations are shared among users and without much care for the differences among them, both in terms of their innate characteristics and also their search goals. To illustrate Rogers' critiques of collaborative filtering, he describes an information searching experiment that he conducted with students at University of Vienna and University of Amsterdam. Students were asked to search for information on Viagra. As one can imagine, depending on a number of issues, not the least of which is what sources did one extract information from, a student would find different accounts of reality about Viagra, everything from a medical drug to a black-market drug ideal for underground trade. Rogers described how information on the Web differed from official accounts for certain events. The information on the Web served as an alternative reality. Chapter 3 describes the Web as a dynamic debate-mapping tool, a political instrument. Rogers introduces the "Issue Barometer," an information instrument that measures the social pressure on a topic being debated by analyzing data available from the Web. Measures used by the Issue Barometer include temperature of the issue (cold to hot), activity level of the debate (mild to intense), and territorialization (one country to many countries). The Issues Barometer is applied to an illustrative case of the public debate surrounding food safety in the Netherlands in 2001. Chapter 4 introduces "The Web Issue Index," which provides an indication of leading societal issues discussed on the Web. The empirical research on the Web Issues Index was conducted on the Genoa G8 Summit in 1999 and the anti-globalization movement. Rogers focus here was to examine the changing nature of prominent issues over time, i.e., how issues gained and lost attention and traction over time.
Culture and identity in knowledge organization : Proceedings of the Tenth International ISKO Conference 5-8 August 2008, Montreal, Canada (2008) 0.04
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Content

Enthält die Beiträge: KEYNOTE ADDRESS Jonathan Furner. Interrogating "Identity": A Philosophical Approach to an Enduring Issue in Knowledge Organization. MODELS AND METHODS IN KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION Louise F. Spiteri. Causality and Conceptual Coherence in Assessments of Similarity. - Rebecca Green. Making Visible Hidden Relationships in the Dewey Decimal Classification: How Relative Index Terms Relate to DDC Classes. - John DiMarco. Examining Bloom's Taxonomy and Peschl's Modes of Knowing for Classification of Learning Objects on the PBS.org/teachersource Website. - Melanie Feinberg. Classificationist as Author: The Case of the Prelinger Library. - Fulvio Mazzocchi and Mela Bosch. Hermeneutic Approaches in Knowledge Organization: An Analysis of Their Possible Value. - Yves Marcoux and Elias Rizkallah. Knowledge Organization in the Light of Intertextual Semantics: A Natural-Language Analysis of Controlled Vocabularies. - Vanda Broughton. Language Related Problems in the Construction of Faceted Terminologies and their Automatic Management. - I. C. Mcllwaine and Nancy J. Williamson. Medicine and the UDC: The Process of Restructuring. - James M. Turner. Cultural Markers and Localising the MIC Site. - Joäo Alberto de Oliveira Lima, Monica Palmirani and Fabio Vitali. A Time-aware Ontology for Legal Resources.
MULTILINGUAL AND MULTICULTURAL ENVIRONMENTS K. S. Raghavan and A. Neelameghan. Design and Development of a Bilingual Thesaurus for Classical Tamil Studies: Experiences and Issues. - Elaine Menard. Indexing and Retrieving Images in a Multilingual World. Maria Odaisa Espinheiro de Oliveira. Knowledge Representation Focusing Amazonian Culture. - Agnes Hajdu Barät. Knowledge Organization in the Cross-cultural and Multicultural Society. - Joan S. Mitchell, Ingebjorg Rype and Magdalena Svanberg. Mixed Translation Models for the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) System. - Kathryn La Barre. Discovery and Access Systems for Websites and Cultural Heritage Sites: Reconsidering the Practical Application of Facets. - Mats Dahlström and Joacim Hansson. On the Relation Between Qualitative Digitization and Library Institutional Identity. - Amelia A breu. "Every Bit Informs Another": Framework Analysis for Descriptive Practice and Linked Information. - Jenn Riley. Moving from a Locally-developed Data Model to a Standard Conceptual Model. - Jan Pisanski and Maja Zumer. How Do Non-librarians See the Bibliographie Universe?
KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT AND RETRIEVAL Sabine Mas, L'Hedi Zäher and Manuel Zacklad. Design and Evaluation of Multi-viewed Knowledge System for Administrative Electronic Document Organization. - Xu Chen. The Influence of Existing Consistency Measures on the Relationship Between Indexing Consistency and Exhaustivity. - Michael Buckland and Ryan Shaw. 4W Vocabulary Mapping Across Diverse Reference Genres. - Abdus Sattar Chaudhry and Christopher S. G. Khoo. A Survey of the Top-level Categories in the Structure of Corporate Websites. - Nicolas L. George, Elin K. Jacob, Lijiang Guo, Lala Hajibayova and M Yasser Chuttur. A Case Study of Tagging Patteras in del.icio.us. - Kwan Yi and Lois Mai Chan. A Visualization Software Tool for Library of Congress Subject Headings. - Gercina Angela Borem Oliveira Lima. Hypertext Model - HTXM: A Model for Hypertext Organization of Documents. - Ali Shiri and Thane Chambers. Information Retrieval from Digital Libraries: Assessing the Potential Utility of Thesauri in Supporting Users' Search Behaviour in an Interdisciplinary Domain. - Verönica Vargas and Catalina Naumis. Water-related Language Analysis: The Need for a Thesaurus of Mexican Terminology. - Amanda Hill. What's in a Name?: Prototyping a Name Authority Service for UK Repositories. - Rick Szostak and Claudio Gnoli. Classifying by Phenomena, Theories and Methods: Examples with Focused Social Science Theories.
DISCOURSE COMMUNITIES AND KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION Aaron Loehrlein. The Benefits of Participating in a Form of Life: Interpretations of Complex Concepts among Experts and Novices in Records Management. - Widad Mustafa El Hadi. Discourse Community Analysis: Sense Construction Versus Non-Sense Construction. - Chaomei Chen, Fidelia Ibekwe-SanJuan, Roberto Pinho and James Zhang. The Impact of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey on Astronomical Research: The Role of Culture, Identity, and International Collaboration. USERS AND SOCIAL CONTEXT Edward M. Corrado and Heather Lea Moulaison. Social Tagging and Communities of Practice: Two Case Studies. - Margaret E. I. Kipp. Searching with Tags: Do Tags Help Users Find Things? Lynne C. Howarth. Creating Pathways to Memory: Enhancing Life Histories through Category Clusters. - Christopher S. G. Khoo and Shiyan Ou. Machine Versus Human Clustering of Concepts Across Documents. - Maria J. Löpez-Huertas. Cultural Impact on Knowledge Representation and Organization in a Subject Domain. - Inge Alberts and Suzanne Bertrand-Gastaldy. A Pragmatic Perspective of E-mail Management Practices in Two Canadian Public Administrations. - June Abbas. Daddy, How do I Find a Book on Purple Frogs?: Representation Issues for Children and Youth. - Jose Augusto Chaves Guimaräes, Juan Carlos Fernändez-Molina, Fabio Assis Pinho and Suellen Oliveira Milani. Ethics in the Knowledge Organization Environment: An Overview of Values and Problems in the LIS Literature. SYSTEMS, TOOLS AND EVALUATION Ismail Jlmimi and Stephane Chaudiron. Information Filtering as a Knowledge Organization Process: Techniques and Evaluation. - Carles Tebe and Mari-Carmen Marcos. Retrieving Terminological Information on the Net: Are Linguistic Tools Still Useful?

Thissen, F.: Screen-Design-Manual : Communicating Effectively Through Multimedia (2003) 0.03

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Content: From the contents:.- Basics of screen design.- Navigation and orientation.- Information.- Screen layout.Interaction.- Motivation.- Innovative prospects.- Appendix.Glossary.- Literature.- Index
Date: 22. 3.2008 14:29:25

¬The history and heritage of scientific and technological information systems : Proceedings of the 2002 Conference (2004) 0.03

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Content: Enthält u.a. die Beiträge: Fugmann, R.: Learning the lessons of the past; Davis, C.H.: Indexing and index editing at Chemical Abstracts before the Registry System; Roe , E.M.: Abstracts and indexes to branded full text: what's in a name?; Lynch, M.F.: Introduction of computers in chemical structure information systems, or what is not recorded in the annals; Baatz, S.: Medical science and medical informatics: The visible human project, 1986-2000.

Bowman, J.H.: Essential Dewey (2005) 0.03
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Content

"The contents of the book cover: This book is intended as an introduction to the Dewey Decimal Classification, edition 22. It is not a substitute for it, and I assume that you have it, all four volumes of it, by you while reading the book. I have deliberately included only a short section an WebDewey. This is partly because WebDewey is likely to change more frequently than the printed version, but also because this book is intended to help you use the scheme regardless of the manifestation in which it appears. If you have a subscription to WebDewey and not the printed volumes you may be able to manage with that, but you may then find my references to volumes and page numbers baffling. All the examples and exercises are real; what is not real is the idea that you can classify something without seeing more than the title. However, there is nothing that I can do about this, and I have therefore tried to choose examples whose titles adequately express their subject-matter. Sometimes when you look at the 'answers' you may feel that you have been cheated, but I hope that this will be seldom. Two people deserve special thanks. My colleague Vanda Broughton has read drafts of the book and made many suggestions. Ross Trotter, chair of the CILIP Dewey Decimal Classification Committee, who knows more about Dewey than anyone in Britain today, has commented extensively an it and as far as possible has saved me from error, as well as suggesting many improvements. What errors remain are due to me alone. Thanks are also owed to OCLC Online Computer Library Center, for permission to reproduce some specimen pages of DDC 22. Excerpts from the Dewey Decimal Classification are taken from the Dewey Decimal Classification and Relative Index, Edition 22 which is Copyright 2003 OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. DDC, Dewey, Dewey Decimal Classification and WebDewey are registered trademarks of OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc."

Footnote

"The title says it all. The book contains the essentials for a fundamental understanding of the complex world of the Dewey Decimal Classification. It is clearly written and captures the essence in a concise and readable style. Is it a coincidence that the mysteries of the Dewey Decimal System are revealed in ten easy chapters? The typography and layout are clear and easy to read and the perfect binding withstood heavy use. The exercises and answers are invaluable in illustrating the points of the several chapters. The book is well structured. Chapter 1 provides an "Introduction and background" to classification in general and Dewey in particular. Chapter 2 describes the "Outline of the scheme" and the conventions in the schedules and tables. Chapter 3 covers "Simple subjects" and introduces the first of the exercises. Chapters 4 and 5 describe "Number-building" with "standard subdivisions" in the former and "other methods" in the latter. Chapter 6 provides an excellent description of "Preference order" and Chapter 7 deals with "Exceptions and options." Chapter 8 "Special subjects," while no means exhaustive, gives a thorough analysis of problems with particular parts of the schedules from "100 Philosophy" to "910 Geography" with a particular discussion of "'Persons treatment"' and "Optional treatment of biography." Chapter 9 treats "Compound subjects." Chapter 10 briefly introduces WebDewey and provides the URL for the Web Dewey User Guide http://www.oclc.org/support/documentation/dewey/ webdewey_userguide/; the section for exercises says: "You are welcome to try using WebDewey an the exercises in any of the preceding chapters." Chapters 6 and 7 are invaluable at clarifying the options and bases for choice when a work is multifaceted or is susceptible of classification under different Dewey Codes. The recommendation "... not to adopt options, but use the scheme as instructed" (p. 71) is clearly sound. As is, "What is vital, of course, is that you keep a record of the decisions you make and to stick to them. Any option Chosen must be used consistently, and not the whim of the individual classifier" (p. 71). The book was first published in the UK and the British overtones, which may seem quite charming to a Canadian, may be more difficult for readers from the United States. The correction of Dewey's spelling of Labor to Labo [u] r (p. 54) elicited a smile for the championing of lost causes and some relief that we do not have to cope with 'simplified speling.' The down-to-earth opinions of the author, which usually agree with those of the reviewer, add savour to the text and enliven what might otherwise have been a tedious text indeed. However, in the case of (p. 82):
Dewey requires that you classify bilingual dictionaries that go only one way with the language in which the entries are written, which means that an English-French dictionary has to go with English, not French. This is very unhelpful and probably not widely observed in English-speaking libraries ... one may wonder (the Norman conquest not withstanding) why Bowman feels that it is more useful to class the book in the language of the definition rather than that of the entry words - Dewey's requirement to class a dictionary of French words with English definitions with French language dictionaries seems quite reasonable. In the example of Anglo-French relations before the second World War (p. 42) the principle of adding two notations from Table 2 is succinctly illustrated but there is no discussion of why the notation is -41044 rather than -44041. Is it because the title is 'Anglo'-'French', or because -41 precedes -44, or because it is assumed that the book is being catalogued for an English library that wished to keep all Anglo relations together? The bibliography lists five classic works and the School Library Association (UK) website. The index provides additional assistance in locating topics; however it is not clear whether it is intended to be a relative index with terms in direct order or nouns with subdivisions. There are a few Cross-references and some double posting. The instruction ") ( means 'compared with"' (p. 147) seems particularly twee since the three occasions in the index could easily have included the text "compared with;" the saving of space is not worth the potential confusion. There is no entry for "displaced standard subdivisions" one must look under "standard subdivisions" with the subdivision "displaced." There is no entry for "approximating the whole," although "standing room," "class here notes" and "including notes" are listed. Both "rule of zero" and "zero" with the subdivision "rule of" are included. The "rule of zero" is really all you need to know about Dewey (p. 122): Something which can be useful if you are really stuck is to consider the possibilities one digit at a time, and never put 0 if you can put something more specific. Be as specific as possible, but if you can't say something good, say nothing. This slim volume clearly follows this advice."

Object

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Catherall, P.: Delivering e-learning for information services in higher education (2004) 0.03
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Abstract

This book provides a comprehensive overview of e-learning (online learning) systems in the context of system delivery for Higher Education Information Services. The book considers practical issues in choosing a virtual learning environment and discusses a range of issues in implementing, managing and maintaining the service for users. In particular, the issue of accessibility and usability is discussed in the context of recent legislation.

Content

Key Features - Jargon-free and aimed at information professionals with Sole/mixed responsibilities - Identifies leading systems, disussing strenghts and weaknesses - Draws examples from current practice in Higher Education - Discusses management and implementation aspects Contents What is online learning What resources are required to provide online learning What systems are available, what are their features What are the support issues in delivering online learning - staff and student support challenges; trends in distance learning and part time study; emergence of ubiquitous student-tutor-system relationship; use of automatic and human support systems; role of support staff and academic tutors in system support; benefits of online vs. hardcopy support documentation How can online learning be made accessible and usable - influence of legislative and Standard-making bodies in accessibility and usability issues, e.g.: Euroaccessibility, W3C (Word Wide Web Consortium); other international guidelines, e.g.: Bobby; access issues in conventional web browsers; overview of accessible web browsers; methods for testing online learning systems for accessibility and usability; suggestions for user feedback; comparison of accessibility across online learning systems How should online learning systems be managed - online course creation; user account creation; Single-signon vs. independent systems; use of templates and global content for generic library resources; considerations for organisation of academic content; security and abuse issues; elearning policy and procedures; role of academic and other staff in supporting online learning; use of elearning Champions or coordinators; procedures for user induction and registration an online courses; models for user support. How should online learning be monitored and quality assured

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