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  1. Searle, J.R.: Seeing things as they are : a theory of perception (2015) 0.05
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    Abstract
    This book provides a comprehensive account of the intentionality of perceptual experience. With special emphasis on vision Searle explains how the raw phenomenology of perception sets the content and the conditions of satisfaction of experience. The central question concerns the relation between the subjective conscious perceptual field and the objective perceptual field. Everything in the objective field is either perceived or can be perceived. Nothing in the subjective field is perceived nor can be perceived precisely because the events in the subjective field consist of the perceivings, whether veridical or not, of the events in the objective field.
    Searle begins by criticizing the classical theories of perception and identifies a single fallacy, what he calls the Bad Argument, as the source of nearly all of the confusions in the history of the philosophy of perception. He next justifies the claim that perceptual experiences have presentational intentionality and shows how this justifies the direct realism of his account. In the central theoretical chapters, he shows how it is possible that the raw phenomenology must necessarily determine certain form of intentionality. Searle introduces, in detail, the distinction between different levels of perception from the basic level to the higher levels and shows the internal relation between the features of the experience and the states of affairs presented by the experience. The account applies not just to language possessing human beings but to infants and conscious animals. He also discusses how the account relates to certain traditional puzzles about spectrum inversion, color and size constancy and the brain-in-the-vat thought experiments. In the final chapters he explains and refutes Disjunctivist theories of perception, explains the role of unconscious perception, and concludes by discussing traditional problems of perception such as skepticism.
    Content
    The Bad Argument Summary of the Theory of Intentionality Consciousness The Intentionality of Perceptual Experiences Further Developments of the Argument Against the Bad Argument How Perceptual Intentionality Works I: Basic Features, Causation, and Intentional Content How Perceptual Intentionality Works II: Extending the Analysis to Non-basic Features Disjunctivism Unconscious Perception Classical Theories of Perception
  2. Wells, H.G.: World brain (1938) 0.03
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    Year
    1938
  3. Murphy, M.L.: Semantic relations and the lexicon : antonymy, synonymy and other paradigms (2008) 0.03
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    Abstract
    Semantic Relations and the Lexicon explores the many paradigmatic semantic relations between words, such as synonymy, antonymy and hyponymy, and their relevance to the mental organization of our vocabularies. Drawing on a century's research in linguistics, psychology, philosophy, anthropology and computer science, M. Lynne Murphy proposes a pragmatic approach to these relations. Whereas traditional approaches have claimed that paradigmatic relations are part of our lexical knowledge, Dr Murphy argues that they constitute metalinguistic knowledge, which can be derived through a single relational principle, and may also be stored as part of our extra-lexical, conceptual representations of a word. Part I shows how this approach can account for the properties of lexical relations in ways that traditional approaches cannot, and Part II examines particular relations in detail. This book will serve as an informative handbook for all linguists and cognitive scientists interested in the mental representation of vocabulary.
    Date
    22. 7.2013 10:53:30
  4. Marchionini, G.: Information concepts : from books to cyberspace identities (2010) 0.02
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    Abstract
    Information is essential to all human activity, and information in electronic form both amplifies and augments human information interactions. This lecture surveys some of the different classical meanings of information, focuses on the ways that electronic technologies are affecting how we think about these senses of information, and introduces an emerging sense of information that has implications for how we work, play, and interact with others. The evolutions of computers and electronic networks and people's uses and adaptations of these tools manifesting a dynamic space called cyberspace. Our traces of activity in cyberspace give rise to a new sense of information as instantaneous identity states that I term proflection of self. Proflections of self influence how others act toward us. Four classical senses of information are described as context for this new form of information. The four senses selected for inclusion here are the following: thought and memory, communication process, artifact, and energy. Human mental activity and state (thought and memory) have neurological, cognitive, and affective facets.The act of informing (communication process) is considered from the perspective of human intentionality and technical developments that have dramatically amplified human communication capabilities. Information artifacts comprise a common sense of information that gives rise to a variety of information industries. Energy is the most general sense of information and is considered from the point of view of physical, mental, and social state change. This sense includes information theory as a measurable reduction in uncertainty. This lecture emphasizes how electronic representations have blurred media boundaries and added computational behaviors that yield new forms of information interaction, which, in turn, are stored, aggregated, and mined to create profiles that represent our cyber identities.
  5. Classification and ontology: formal approaches and access to knowledge : proceedings of the International UDC Seminar, 19-20 September 2011, The Hague, The Netherlands (2011) 0.02
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    Content
    Inhalt: Patrick Hayes: On being the same: keynote address 1. The role of classification and ontology on the Web Dan Brickley: Classification, collaboration and the Web of data - Guus Schreiber: Issues in publishing and aligning Web vocabularies - Thomas Baker: The concepts of knowledge organization systems as hubs in the Web of data 2. Classifications and ontologies on their own terms Barbara H. Kwasnik: Approaches to providing context in knowledge representation structures - Richard Smiraglia; Charles van den Heuvel; Thomas M. Dousa: Interactions between elementary structures in universes of knowledge - Emad Khazraee; Xia Lin: Demystifying ontology 3. Classification meets the Web Daniel Kless; Jutta Lindenthal; Simon Milton; Edmund Kazmierczak: Interoperability of knowledge organization systems with and through ontologies - Vincenzo Maltese; Feroz Farazi: Towards the integration of knowledge organization systems with the linked data cloud - Maria Rüther; Joachim Fock; Thomas Schultz-Krutisch; Thomas Bandholtz: Classification and reference vocabulary in linked environment data
    7. Transforming and extending classification systems Joan S. Mitchell; Marcia Lei Zeng; Maja Zumer: Extending models for controlled vocabularies to classification systems: modelling DDC with FRSAD - Fran Alexander; Andy Heather: Transformation of a legacy UDC-based classification system: exploiting and remodelling semantic relationships - Posters - Short papers Andrea Scharnhorst; Almila Akdag Salah; Krzysztof Suchecki; Cheng Gao; Richard P. Smiraglia: The evolution of knowledge, and its representation in classification systems - Charles van den Heuvel; Almila Akdag Salah; Knowledge Space Lab: Visualizing universes of knowledge: designs and visual analysis of the UDC - Ricardo Eito-Brun; Alfredo Calosci: UDC as a knowledge framework for building a civil engineering ontology: a practical approach to knowledge representation and visualization
  6. Holyoak, K.J.; Thagard, P.: Mental leaps : analogy in creative thought (1995) 0.02
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    Abstract
    'Mental leap' is the cognitive act involved in proposing or understanding an analogy
    COMPASS
    Mental processes
    Subject
    Mental processes
  7. Northoff, G.: ¬The spontaneous brain : from the mind-body to the world-brain problem (2018) 0.02
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    Abstract
    Philosophers have long debated the mind-body problem whether to attribute such mental features as consciousness to mind or to body. Meanwhile, neuroscientists search for empirical answers, seeking neural correlates for consciousness, self, and free will. In this book, Georg Northoff does not propose new solutions to the mind-body problem; instead, he questions the problem itself, arguing that it is an empirically, ontologically, and conceptually implausible way to address the existence and reality of mental features. We are better off, he contends, by addressing consciousness and other mental features in terms of the relationship between world and brain; philosophers should consider the world-brain problem rather than the mind-body problem. This calls for a Copernican shift in vantage point from within the mind or brain to beyond the brain in our consideration of mental features. Northoff, a neuroscientist, psychiatrist, and philosopher, explains that empirical evidence suggests that the brain's spontaneous activity and its spatiotemporal structure are central to aligning and integrating the brain within the world. This spatiotemporal structure allows the brain to extend beyond itself into body and world, creating the world-brain relation? that is central to mental features. Northoff makes his argument in empirical, ontological, and epistemic-methodological terms. He discusses current models of the brain and applies these models to recent data on neuronal features underlying consciousness and proposes the world-brain relation as the ontological predisposition for consciousness.
    Date
    31.10.2019 17:33:29
  8. Way, E.C.: Knowledge representation and metaphor (oder: meaning) (1994) 0.01
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    Content
    Enthält folgende 9 Kapitel: The literal and the metaphoric; Views of metaphor; Knowledge representation; Representation schemes and conceptual graphs; The dynamic type hierarchy theory of metaphor; Computational approaches to metaphor; Thenature and structure of semantic hierarchies; Language games, open texture and family resemblance; Programming the dynamic type hierarchy; Subject index
    Footnote
    Bereits 1991 bei Kluwer publiziert // Rez. in: Knowledge organization 22(1995) no.1, S.48-49 (O. Sechser)
  9. Gödert, W.; Hubrich, J.; Nagelschmidt, M.: Semantic knowledge representation for information retrieval (2014) 0.01
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    Content
    Introduction: envisioning semantic information spacesIndexing and knowledge organization -- Semantic technologies for knowledge representation -- Information retrieval and knowledge exploration -- Approaches to handle heterogeneity -- Problems with establishing semantic interoperability -- Formalization in indexing languages -- Typification of semantic relations -- Inferences in retrieval processes -- Semantic interoperability and inferences -- Remaining research questions.
    Date
    23. 7.2017 13:49:22
    LCSH
    Knowledge representation (Information theory)
    Subject
    Knowledge representation (Information theory)
  10. Chu, H.: Information representation and retrieval in the digital age (2010) 0.01
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    Content
    Information representation and retrieval : an overview -- Information representation I : basic approaches -- Information representation II : related topics -- Language in information representation and retrieval -- Retrieval techniques and query representation -- Retrieval approaches -- Information retrieval models -- Information retrieval systems -- Retrieval of information unique in content or format -- The user dimension in information representation and retrieval -- Evaluation of information representation and retrieval -- Artificial intelligence in information representation and retrieval.
  11. Structures and relations in knowledge organization : Proceedings of the 5th International ISKO-Conference, Lille, 25.-29.8.1998 (1998) 0.01
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    Content
    Mit Beiträgen von: DEREMETZ, A.: Metaphor, organization and building of knowledge in textual sciences; ALBRECHTSEN, H. u. E.K. JACOB: The role of classificatory structures as boundary objects in information ecologies; MYLOPOULOS, J. et al.: Computational mechanisms for knowledge organization; PHELAN, A.: Database and knowledge representation: the Greek legacy; POLANCO, X. et al.: An artificial neural network perspective on knowledge representation from databases: the use of a multilayer preception for data clusters cartography; SUOMINEN, V.: Linguistic / semiotic conditions of retrieval / documentation in the light of a sausurean conception of language: 'organising knowledge' or 'communication concerning documents?'; BÉGUIN, A.: Thesaurus usage and mental development; SUKIASYAN, E.: Classification systems in their historical development: problems of typology and terminology; SALLET FERREIRA NOVELLINO, M.: Information transfer considering the production and use contexts: information retrieval languages; FISCHER, D.H.: From thesauri towards ontologies?; LYKKE NIELSEN, M.: Future thesauri: what kind of conceptual knowledge do searchers need?; LACROIX, S. et al.: OK: a model of ontologies by differentiation; LEE, M. u. R. MIZOGUCHI; Ontology models for supporting exploratory information needs;
  12. Capurro, R.; Eldred, M.; Nagel, D.: Digital whoness : identity, privacy and freedom in the cyberworld (2013) 0.01
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    Abstract
    The first aim is to provide well-articulated concepts by thinking through elementary phenomena of today's world, focusing on privacy and the digital, to clarify who we are in the cyberworld - hence a phenomenology of digital whoness. The second aim is to engage critically, hermeneutically with older and current literature on privacy, including in today's emerging cyberworld. Phenomenological results include concepts of i) self-identity through interplay with the world, ii) personal privacy in contradistinction to the privacy of private property, iii) the cyberworld as an artificial, digital dimension in order to discuss iv) what freedom in the cyberworld can mean, whilst not neglecting v) intercultural aspects and vi) the EU context.
  13. Henderson, L.; Tallman, J.I.: Stimulated recall and mental models : tools for teaching and learning computer information literacy (2006) 0.01
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    Content
    Inhalt: The research study - Mental models - Stimulated recall methodology - Mental models emphasizing procedural and product goals - Mental models facilitating procedural and conceptual understanding - The role of stimulated recall in identifying the effects of mental models on teaching - Use of mental models to analyze and understand teachers' pedagogies
    Footnote
    The release of Stimulated Recall and Mental Models, therefore, could not have been timelier. It describes an empirical qualitative, case study research conducted by authors Lyn Henderson and Julie Tallman in which they studied the mental models of school librarians teaching K-12 students how to use electronic databases. In this research, funded by the Spencer Foundation, Henderson and Tallman studied and analyzed the mental models of their subjects, six American and four Australian school librarians, as they went about the task of teaching students one-on-one how to access and retrieve the information they needed for class assignments from electronic databases. Each librarian and student underwent a structured pre-lesson interview to ascertain their mental models (the sum of their prior learning and experiences) regarding the upcoming lesson. The lesson followed immediately and was carefully video- and audio-recorded, with the full knowledge of the librarian and her student. After the lessons, both student and librarian were interviewed with the intent of learning what each were thinking and feeling at specific points during the lesson, using the recordings as memory joggers. After the first librarian-pupil session, the student was freed but the librarian was re-studied tutoring a second learner. Again, the teacher and new student were preinterviewed, their lesson was recorded, and they were debriefed using the recordings for stimulated recall. It is important to note here the use of the recordings to create stimulated recall. Though considered a dubious practice by many respected researchers, Henderson and Tallman expend considerable time and effort in this book trying to establish the credibility of stimulated recall as a valid research tool. I find it interesting that the authors report that their realization of the value of stimulated recall was a collateral benefit of their study; they claim the original objective of their research was to analyze and compare the pre- and post-lesson mental models of the teacher-librarians (p.15). Apparently, this realization provided the inspiration for this book (pp. I & 208). Hence, its place of importance in the book's title.
    This book is evidence that Henderson and Tallman were meticulous in following their established protocols and especially in their record keeping while conducting their research. There are, however, a few issues in the study's framework and methodology that are worth noting. First, although the research was conducted in two different countries - the United Slates and Australia - it is not clear from the writing if the librarian-pupil pairs of each country hailed from the same schools (making the population opportunistic) or if the sampling was indeed more randomly selected. Readers do know, though, that the librarians were free to select the students they tutored from within their respective schools. Thus, there appears to he no randomness. Second, "[t]he data collection tools and questionnaires were grounded in a [single] pilot study with a [single] teacher-Iibrarian" (p. 7). Neither the procedures used nor the data collected from the pilot study are presented to establish its reliability and validity. Therefore, readers are left with only limited confidence in the study's instrumentation. Further, it is obvious from the reading, and admitted by the researchers, that the recording equipment in open view of the study's subjects skewed the data. That is, one of the librarians tinder study confessed that were it not for the cameras, she would have completely deserted one of her lessons when encountering what she perceived to be overwhelming obstacles: a classic example of the Hawthorne Effect in research. Yet. despite these issues, researchers Henderson and Tallman make a respectable ease in this book for the validity of both mental models and stimulated recall. The mental models developed during the prelesson interviews seem remarkably accurate when observing the school librarians during the lessons. Additionally, while the librarians were able to adapt their lessons based on situations, they generally did so within their mental models of what constitutes good teachers and good teaching.
    As for the value of reflecting on their teaching performance, the authors report the not-so-startling denouement that while it is easy to identify and define malpractice and to commit to changing performance errors, it is often difficult to actually implement those improvements. Essentially, what is first learned is best learned and what is most used is best used. In the end, however, the authors rightfully call for further study to be conducted by themselves and others. ETS's core ICT Literacy Assessment is not currently a mandatory college entrance examination. Neither is the advanced ICT Literacy Assessment a mandatory examination for promotion to upper level undergraduate studies. But it would be naïve not to expect some enterprising institutions of higher education to at least consider making them so in the very near future. Consequently, librarians of all stripes (public. academic, school, or others) would do well to read and study Stimulated Recall and Mental Models if they are truly committed to leading the charge on advancing information literacy in the Information Age. In this book are some valuable how-tos for instructing patrons on searching electronic databases. And some of those same principles could be applicable to other areas of information literacy instruction."
  14. Jarvelin, K.: ¬A deductive data model for thesaurus navigation and query expansion (1996) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Describes a deductive data model based on 3 abstraction levels for representing vocabularies for information retrieval: conceptual level; expression level; and occurrence level. The proposed data model can be used for the representation and navigation of indexing and retrieval thesauri and as a vocabulary source for concept based query expansion in heterogeneous retrieval environments
    Date
    2. 3.1997 17:29:07
  15. Bruce, H.: ¬The user's view of the Internet (2002) 0.01
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    Footnote
    Chapter 2 (Technology and People) focuses an several theories of technological acceptance and diffusion. Unfortunately, Bruce's presentation is somewhat confusing as he moves from one theory to next, never quite connecting them into a logical sequence or coherent whole. Two theories are of particular interest to Bruce: the Theory of Diffusion of Innovations and the Theory of Planned Behavior. The Theory of Diffusion of Innovations is an "information-centric view of technology acceptance" in which technology adopters are placed in the information flows of society from which they learn about innovations and "drive innovation adoption decisions" (p. 20). The Theory of Planned Behavior maintains that the "performance of a behavior is a joint function of intentions and perceived behavioral control" (i.e., how muck control a person thinks they have) (pp. 22-23). Bruce combines these two theories to form the basis for the Technology Acceptance Model. This model posits that "an individual's acceptance of information technology is based an beliefs, attitudes, intentions, and behaviors" (p. 24). In all these theories and models echoes a recurring theme: "individual perceptions of the innovation or technology are critical" in terms of both its characteristics and its use (pp. 24-25). From these, in turn, Bruce derives a predictive theory of the role personal perceptions play in technology adoption: Personal Innovativeness of Information Technology Adoption (PIITA). Personal inventiveness is defined as "the willingness of an individual to try out any new information technology" (p. 26). In general, the PIITA theory predicts that information technology will be adopted by individuals that have a greater exposure to mass media, rely less an the evaluation of information technology by others, exhibit a greater ability to cope with uncertainty and take risks, and requires a less positive perception of an information technology prior to its adoption. Chapter 3 (A Focus an Usings) introduces the User-Centered Paradigm (UCP). The UCP is characteristic of the shift of emphasis from technology to users as the driving force behind technology and research agendas for Internet development [for a dissenting view, see Andrew Dillion's (2003) challenge to the utility of user-centerness for design guidance]. It entails the "broad acceptance of the user-oriented perspective across a range of disciplines and professional fields," such as business, education, cognitive engineering, and information science (p. 34).
    The UCP's effect an business practices is focused mainly in the management and marketing areas. Marketing experienced a shift from "product-oriented operations" with its focus an "selling the products' features" and customer contact only at the point of sale toward more service-Centered business practice ("customer Jemand orientation") and the development of one-to-one customer relationships (pp. 35-36). For management, the adoption of the UCP caused a shift from "mechanistic, bureaucratic, top-down organizational structures" to "flatter, inclusive, and participative" ones (p. 37). In education, practice shifted from the teachercentered model where the "teacher is responsible for and makes all the decisions related to the learning environment" to a learnercentered model where the student is "responsible for his or her own learning" and the teacher focuses an "matching learning events to the individual skills, aptitudes, and interests of the individual learner" (pp. 38-39). Cognitive engineering saw the rise of "user-Centered design" and human factors that were concerned with applying "scientific knowledge of humans to the design of man-machine interface systems" (p. 44). The UCP had a great effect an Information Science in the "design of information systems" (p. 47). Previous to UCP's explicit proposed by Brenda Dervin and M. Nilan in 1986, systems design was dominated by the "physical of system oriented paradigm" (p. 48). The physical paradigm held a positivistic and materialistic view of technology and (passive) human interaction as exemplified by the 1953 Cranfield tests of information retrieval mechanisms. Instead, the UCP focuses an "users rather than systems" by making the perceptions of individual information users the "centerpiece consideration for information service and system design" (pp. 47-48). Bruce briefly touches an the various schools of thought within user-oriented paradigm, such as the cognitive/self studies approach with its emphasis is an an individual's knowledge structures or model of the world [e.g., Belkin (1990)], the cognitve/context studies approach that focuses an "context in explaining variations in information behavior" [e.g., Savolainen (1995) and Dervin's (1999) sensemaking], and the social constructionism/discourse analytic theory with its focus an that language, not mental/knowledge constructs, as the primary shaper of the world as a system of intersubjective meanings [e.g., Talja 1996], (pp. 53-54). Drawing from the rich tradition of user oriented research, Bruce attempts to gain a metatheoretical understanding of the Internet as a phenomena by combining Dervin's (1996) "micromoments of human usings" with the French philosopher Bruno Latour's (1999) "conception of Circulating reference" to form what 1 term the Metatheory of Circulating Usings (pp. ix, 56, 60). According to Bruce, Latour's concept is designed to bridge "the gap between mind and object" by engaging in a "succession of finely grained transformations that construct and transfer truth about the object" through a chain of "microtranslations" from "matter to form," thereby connecting mind and object (p. 56). The connection works as long as the chain remains unbroken. The nature of this chain of "information producing translations" are such that as one moves away from the object, one experiences a "reduction" of the object's "locality, particularity, materiality, multiplicity and continuity," while simultaneously gaining the "amplification" of its "compatibility, standardization, text, calculation, circulation, and relative universality" (p. 57).
    Bruce begins Chapter 5 (The Users' View of the Internet) by pointing out that the Internet not only exists as a physical entity of hardware, software, and networked connectivity, but also as a mental representation or knowledge structure constructed by users based an their usings. These knowledge structures or constructs "allow people to interpret and make sense of things" by functioning as a link between the new unknown thing with known thing(s) (p. 158). The knowledge structures or using constructs are continually evolving as people use the Internet over time, and represent the user's view of the Internet. To capture the users' view of the Internet from the research literature, Bruce uses his Metatheory of Circulating Usings. He recapitulates the theory, casting it more closely to the study of Internet use than previously. Here the reduction component provides a more detailed "understanding of the individual users involved in the micromoment of Internet using" while simultaneously the amplification component increases our understanding of the "generalized construct of the Internet" (p. 158). From this point an Bruce presents a relatively detail users' view of the Internet. He starts with examining Internet usings, which is composed of three parts: using space, using literacies, and Internet space. According to Bruce, using space is a using horizon likened to a "sphere of influence," comfortable and intimate, in which an individual interacts with the Internet successfully (p. 164). It is a "composite of individual (professional nonwork) constructs of Internet utility" (p. 165). Using literacies are the groups of skills or tools that an individual must acquire for successful interaction with the Internet. These literacies serve to link the using space with the Internet space. They are usually self-taught and form individual standards of successful or satisfactory usings that can be (and often are) at odds with the standards of the information profession. Internet space is, according to Bruce, a user construct that perceives the Internet as a physical, tangible place separate from using space. Bruce concludes that the user's view of the Internet explains six "principles" (p. 173). "Internet using is proof of concept" and occurs in contexts; using space is created through using frequency, individuals use literacies to explore and utilize Internet space, Internet space "does not require proof of concept, and is often influence by the perceptions and usings of others," and "the user's view of the Internet is upbeat and optimistic" (pp. 173-175). He ends with a section describing who are the Internet stakeholders. Bruce defines them as Internet hardware/software developers, Professional users practicing their profession in both familiar and transformational ways, and individuals using the Internet "for the tasks and pleasures of everyday life" (p. 176).
  16. Principles of semantic networks : explorations in the representation of knowledge (1991) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Enthält 3 thematische Sektionen: (1) Issues in knowledge representation; (2) formal analyses; (3) systems for knowledge representation
  17. Krause, P.J.; Clark, D.: Representing uncertain knowledge (1993) 0.01
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    LCSH
    Knowledge representation (Information theory)
    Subject
    Knowledge representation (Information theory)
  18. Hodgson, J.P.E.: Knowledge representation and language in AI (1991) 0.01
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    Abstract
    The aim of this book is to highlight the relationship between knowledge representation and language in artificial intelligence, and in particular on the way in which the choice of representation influences the language used to discuss a problem - and vice versa. Opening with a discussion of knowledge representation methods, and following this with a look at reasoning methods, the author begins to make his case for the intimate relationship between language and representation. He shows how each representation method fits particularly well with some reasoning methods and less so with others, using specific languages as examples. The question of representation change, an important and complex issue about which very little is known, is addressed. Dr Hodgson gathers together recent work on problem solving, showing how, in some cases, it has been possible to use representation changes to recast problems into a language that makes them easier to solve. The author maintains throughout that the relationships that this book explores lie at the heart of the construction of large systems, examining a number of the current large AI systems from the viewpoint of representation and language to prove his point.
    LCSH
    Knowledge / representation (Information theory)
    Subject
    Knowledge / representation (Information theory)
  19. Metadata and semantics research : 8th Research Conference, MTSR 2014, Karlsruhe, Germany, November 27-29, 2014, Proceedings (2014) 0.01
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    Abstract
    This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th Metadata and Semantics Research Conference, MTSR 2014, held in Karlsruhe, Germany, in November 2014. The 23 full papers and 9 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 57 submissions. The papers are organized in several sessions and tracks. They cover the following topics: metadata and linked data: tools and models; (meta) data quality assessment and curation; semantic interoperability, ontology-based data access and representation; big data and digital libraries in health, science and technology; metadata and semantics for open repositories, research information systems and data infrastructure; metadata and semantics for cultural collections and applications; semantics for agriculture, food and environment.
    Content
    Metadata and linked data.- Tools and models.- (Meta)data quality assessment and curation.- Semantic interoperability, ontology-based data access and representation.- Big data and digital libraries in health, science and technology.- Metadata and semantics for open repositories, research information systems and data infrastructure.- Metadata and semantics for cultural collections and applications.- Semantics for agriculture, food and environment.
  20. Kandel, E.R.: Reductionism in art and brain science : bridging the two cultures (2016) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Are art and science separated by an unbridgeable divide? Can they find common ground? In this new book, neuroscientist Eric R. Kandel, whose remarkable scientific career and deep interest in art give him a unique perspective, demonstrates how science can inform the way we experience a work of art and seek to understand its meaning. Kandel illustrates how reductionism?the distillation of larger scientific or aesthetic concepts into smaller, more tractable components?has been used by scientists and artists alike to pursue their respective truths. He draws on his Nobel Prize-winning work revealing the neurobiological underpinnings of learning and memory in sea slugs to shed light on the complex workings of the mental processes of higher animals. In Reductionism in Art and Brain Science, Kandel shows how this radically reductionist approach, applied to the most complex puzzle of our time?the brain?has been employed by modern artists who distill their subjective world into color, form, and light. Kandel demonstrates through bottom-up sensory and top-down cognitive functions how science can explore the complexities of human perception and help us to perceive, appreciate, and understand great works of art. At the heart of the book is an elegant elucidation of the contribution of reductionism to the evolution of modern art and its role in a monumental shift in artistic perspective. Reductionism steered the transition from figurative art to the first explorations of abstract art reflected in the works of Turner, Monet, Kandinsky, Schoenberg, and Mondrian. Kandel explains how, in the postwar era, Pollock, de Kooning, Rothko, Louis, Turrell, and Flavin used a reductionist approach to arrive at their abstract expressionism and how Katz, Warhol, Close, and Sandback built upon the advances of the New York School to reimagine figurative and minimal art. Featuring captivating drawings of the brain alongside full-color reproductions of modern art masterpieces, this book draws out the common concerns of science and art and how they illuminate each other.
    Date
    14. 6.2019 12:22:37

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