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  • × subject_ss:"Communication / Philosophy"
  1. Janich, P.: Was ist Information? : Kritik einer Legende (2006) 0.09
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    Abstract
    Information ist ein allgegenwärtiger Begriff im Alltag, in den Wissenschaften und in der Philosophie. Heute wird er immer mehr von den Naturwissenschaften als ureigenster Gegenstand reklamiert: Er wird »naturalisiert«. Das Buch zeichnet den Weg nach, wie aus Physik und Mathematik Auffassungen entstehen, die über die Wissenschaftstheorie und die Sprachphilosophie zur Grundlage der Nachrichtentechnik und der Kybernetik werden, um schließlich bei der »Erbinformation« und anderen Naturgegenständen zu landen. So entsteht eine mißverstandene Form des Körper-Geist- Problems: Wie kommen technische Objekte, aber auch Moleküle im menschlichen Genom zu Eigenschaften, die ursprünglich der menschlichen Sprache vorbehalten waren? Dieses Buch korrigiert Mißverständnisse, weist heute übliche Ausdrucksweisen als (teilweise irrtümliche) Metaphern aus und rekonstruiert das menschliche Handeln und Sprechen als Grundlage von technischen und natürlichen Formen der Informationsverarbeitung.
    BK
    06.00 Information und Dokumentation: Allgemeines
    Classification
    AN 93000 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Grundlagen, Theorie / Informationstheorie, Kybernetik
    AP 16100 Allgemeines / Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Kommunikationsdesign / Aussagefunktion und Aussagegestaltung / Unterrichtung (Information)
    06.00 Information und Dokumentation: Allgemeines
    Content
    Inhalt: 1 Information und Legende 2 Erblasten - Wer hat die Naturwissenschaften naturalisiert? - Wer hat die Theorie formalisiert? - Wer hat die Kommunikation mechanisiert? 3 Dogmengeschichten - Semiotik (Zeichentheorie) - Kybernetik (Maschinentheorie) - Politik (Erfolgstheorie) - Die Pfade des Irrtums 4 Informationsbegriffe heute - Der Nachrichtenkomplex - Das Geschwätz der Moleküle und Neuronen - Das Geistlose in der Maschine 5 Methodische Reparaturen - Üblichkeiten und Zwecke als Investition - Für Reden verantwortlich - Kommunizieren und Informieren, terminologisch - Leistungsgleichheit und technische Imitation - Modelle des Natürlichen 6 Konsequenzen
    Pages
    180 S
    RVK
    AN 93000 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Grundlagen, Theorie / Informationstheorie, Kybernetik
    AP 16100 Allgemeines / Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Kommunikationsdesign / Aussagefunktion und Aussagegestaltung / Unterrichtung (Information)
  2. Badia, A.: ¬The information manifold : why computers cannot solve algorithmic bias and fake news (2019) 0.00
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    Abstract
    An argument that information exists at different levels of analysis-syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic-and an exploration of the implications. Although this is the Information Age, there is no universal agreement about what information really is. Different disciplines view information differently; engineers, computer scientists, economists, linguists, and philosophers all take varying and apparently disconnected approaches. In this book, Antonio Badia distinguishes four levels of analysis brought to bear on information: syntactic, semantic, pragmatic, and network-based. Badia explains each of these theoretical approaches in turn, discussing, among other topics, theories of Claude Shannon and Andrey Kolomogorov, Fred Dretske's description of information flow, and ideas on receiver impact and informational interactions. Badia argues that all these theories describe the same phenomena from different perspectives, each one narrower than the previous one. The syntactic approach is the more general one, but it fails to specify when information is meaningful to an agent, which is the focus of the semantic and pragmatic approaches. The network-based approach, meanwhile, provides a framework to understand information use among agents. Badia then explores the consequences of understanding information as existing at several levels. Humans live at the semantic and pragmatic level (and at the network level as a society), computers at the syntactic level. This sheds light on some recent issues, including "fake news" (computers cannot tell whether a statement is true or not, because truth is a semantic notion) and "algorithmic bias" (a pragmatic, not syntactic concern). Humans, not computers, the book argues, have the ability to solve these issues.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 72(2021) no.3, S.357-361. (Marc Kosciejew)
    Pages
    xvii, 334 S
  3. Sperber, D.; Wilson, D.: Relevance: communication and cognition (1986) 0.00
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    Pages
    VIII,279 S