-
Gibb, F.; Smart, G.: Knowledge-based indexing : the view from SIMPR (1991)
0.22
0.22487332 = product of:
0.2998311 = sum of:
0.08032228 = weight(_text_:c in 4424) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.08032228 = score(doc=4424,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1505424 = queryWeight, product of:
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.5335526 = fieldWeight in 4424, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4424)
0.14861567 = weight(_text_:et in 4424) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.14861567 = score(doc=4424,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20477319 = queryWeight, product of:
4.692005 = idf(docFreq=1101, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.7257575 = fieldWeight in 4424, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.692005 = idf(docFreq=1101, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4424)
0.07089315 = product of:
0.1417863 = sum of:
0.1417863 = weight(_text_:al in 4424) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.1417863 = score(doc=4424,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20001286 = queryWeight, product of:
4.582931 = idf(docFreq=1228, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.70888597 = fieldWeight in 4424, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.582931 = idf(docFreq=1228, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4424)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.75 = coord(3/4)
- Source
- Libraries and expert systems. Ed. C. MacDonald et al
-
Renouf, A.: Making sense of text : automated approaches to meaning extraction (1993)
0.11
0.10975441 = product of:
0.21950883 = sum of:
0.14861567 = weight(_text_:et in 7111) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.14861567 = score(doc=7111,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20477319 = queryWeight, product of:
4.692005 = idf(docFreq=1101, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.7257575 = fieldWeight in 7111, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.692005 = idf(docFreq=1101, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=7111)
0.07089315 = product of:
0.1417863 = sum of:
0.1417863 = weight(_text_:al in 7111) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.1417863 = score(doc=7111,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20001286 = queryWeight, product of:
4.582931 = idf(docFreq=1228, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.70888597 = fieldWeight in 7111, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.582931 = idf(docFreq=1228, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=7111)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(2/4)
- Source
- Online information 93: 17th International Online Meeting Proceedings, London, 7.-9.12.1993. Ed. by D.I. Raitt et al
-
Silvester, J.P.; Genuardi, M.T.: Machine-aided indexing from the analysis of natural language text (1994)
0.09
0.09407521 = product of:
0.18815042 = sum of:
0.12738486 = weight(_text_:et in 2989) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.12738486 = score(doc=2989,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20477319 = queryWeight, product of:
4.692005 = idf(docFreq=1101, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.6220778 = fieldWeight in 2989, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.692005 = idf(docFreq=1101, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2989)
0.06076556 = product of:
0.12153112 = sum of:
0.12153112 = weight(_text_:al in 2989) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.12153112 = score(doc=2989,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20001286 = queryWeight, product of:
4.582931 = idf(docFreq=1228, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.60761654 = fieldWeight in 2989, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.582931 = idf(docFreq=1228, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2989)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(2/4)
- Source
- Challenges in indexing electronic text and images. Ed.: R. Fidel et al
-
Smith, P.J.; Normore, L.F.; Denning, R.; Johnson, W.P.: Computerized tools to support document analysis (1994)
0.09
0.09407521 = product of:
0.18815042 = sum of:
0.12738486 = weight(_text_:et in 2990) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.12738486 = score(doc=2990,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20477319 = queryWeight, product of:
4.692005 = idf(docFreq=1101, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.6220778 = fieldWeight in 2990, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.692005 = idf(docFreq=1101, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2990)
0.06076556 = product of:
0.12153112 = sum of:
0.12153112 = weight(_text_:al in 2990) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.12153112 = score(doc=2990,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20001286 = queryWeight, product of:
4.582931 = idf(docFreq=1228, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.60761654 = fieldWeight in 2990, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.582931 = idf(docFreq=1228, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2990)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(2/4)
- Source
- Challenges in indexing electronic text and images. Ed.: R. Fidel et al
-
Chevallet, J.-P.; Bruandet, M.F.: Impact de l'utilisation de multi terms sur la qualité des résponses dùn système de recherche d'information a indexation automatique (1999)
0.09
0.09380088 = product of:
0.18760176 = sum of:
0.14709139 = weight(_text_:et in 6253) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.14709139 = score(doc=6253,freq=6.0), product of:
0.20477319 = queryWeight, product of:
4.692005 = idf(docFreq=1101, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.7183137 = fieldWeight in 6253, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
4.692005 = idf(docFreq=1101, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6253)
0.040510375 = product of:
0.08102075 = sum of:
0.08102075 = weight(_text_:al in 6253) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.08102075 = score(doc=6253,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20001286 = queryWeight, product of:
4.582931 = idf(docFreq=1228, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.4050777 = fieldWeight in 6253, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.582931 = idf(docFreq=1228, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6253)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(2/4)
- Series
- Collection travaux et recherches; UL3
- Source
- Organisation des connaissances en vue de leur intégration dans les systèmes de représentation et de recherche d'information. Ed.: J. Maniez, et al
-
Milstead, J.L.: Thesauri in a full-text world (1998)
0.07
0.066640064 = product of:
0.13328013 = sum of:
0.053077027 = weight(_text_:et in 2337) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.053077027 = score(doc=2337,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20477319 = queryWeight, product of:
4.692005 = idf(docFreq=1101, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.2591991 = fieldWeight in 2337, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.692005 = idf(docFreq=1101, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2337)
0.08020309 = sum of:
0.050637968 = weight(_text_:al in 2337) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.050637968 = score(doc=2337,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20001286 = queryWeight, product of:
4.582931 = idf(docFreq=1228, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.25317356 = fieldWeight in 2337, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.582931 = idf(docFreq=1228, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2337)
0.029565124 = weight(_text_:22 in 2337) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.029565124 = score(doc=2337,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15283036 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 2337, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2337)
0.5 = coord(2/4)
- Date
- 22. 9.1997 19:16:05
- Source
- Visualizing subject access for 21st century information resources: Papers presented at the 1997 Clinic on Library Applications of Data Processing, 2-4 Mar 1997, Graduate School of Library and Information Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Ed.: P.A. Cochrane et al
-
Harman, D.: Automatic indexing (1994)
0.06
0.06271681 = product of:
0.12543362 = sum of:
0.084923245 = weight(_text_:et in 7729) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.084923245 = score(doc=7729,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20477319 = queryWeight, product of:
4.692005 = idf(docFreq=1101, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.41471857 = fieldWeight in 7729, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.692005 = idf(docFreq=1101, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=7729)
0.040510375 = product of:
0.08102075 = sum of:
0.08102075 = weight(_text_:al in 7729) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.08102075 = score(doc=7729,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20001286 = queryWeight, product of:
4.582931 = idf(docFreq=1228, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.4050777 = fieldWeight in 7729, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.582931 = idf(docFreq=1228, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=7729)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(2/4)
- Source
- Challenges in indexing electronic text and images. Ed.: R. Fidel et al
-
Jones, K.P.: Natural-language processing and automatic indexing : a reply (1990)
0.02
0.022949224 = product of:
0.0917969 = sum of:
0.0917969 = weight(_text_:c in 394) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0917969 = score(doc=394,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1505424 = queryWeight, product of:
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.6097744 = fieldWeight in 394, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=394)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Footnote
- Erwiderung auf: Korycinski, C. u. A.F. Newell
-
Plaunt, C.; Norgard, B.A.: ¬An association-based method for automatic indexing with a controlled vocabulary (1998)
0.02
0.021734547 = product of:
0.043469094 = sum of:
0.02868653 = weight(_text_:c in 1794) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.02868653 = score(doc=1794,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1505424 = queryWeight, product of:
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.1905545 = fieldWeight in 1794, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1794)
0.014782562 = product of:
0.029565124 = sum of:
0.029565124 = weight(_text_:22 in 1794) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.029565124 = score(doc=1794,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15283036 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 1794, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1794)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(2/4)
- Date
- 11. 9.2000 19:53:22
-
Salton, G.; Allen, J.; Buckley, C.; Singhal, A.: Automatic analysis, theme generation, and summarization of machine-readable data (1994)
0.02
0.02008057 = product of:
0.08032228 = sum of:
0.08032228 = weight(_text_:c in 1168) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.08032228 = score(doc=1168,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1505424 = queryWeight, product of:
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.5335526 = fieldWeight in 1168, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1168)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
-
Salton, G.; Allan, J.; Buckley, C.; Singhal, A.: Automatic analysis, theme generation, and summarization of machine readable texts (1994)
0.01
0.014343265 = product of:
0.05737306 = sum of:
0.05737306 = weight(_text_:c in 1949) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.05737306 = score(doc=1949,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1505424 = queryWeight, product of:
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.381109 = fieldWeight in 1949, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1949)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
-
Koryconski, C.; Newell, A.F.: Natural-language processing and automatic indexing (1990)
0.01
0.011474612 = product of:
0.04589845 = sum of:
0.04589845 = weight(_text_:c in 2313) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.04589845 = score(doc=2313,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1505424 = queryWeight, product of:
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.3048872 = fieldWeight in 2313, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2313)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
-
Salton, G.; Buckley, C.; Allan, J.: Automatic structuring of text files (1992)
0.01
0.011474612 = product of:
0.04589845 = sum of:
0.04589845 = weight(_text_:c in 6507) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.04589845 = score(doc=6507,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1505424 = queryWeight, product of:
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.3048872 = fieldWeight in 6507, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6507)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
-
Krause, J.; Womser-Hacker, C.: PADOK-II : Retrievaltests zur Bewertung von Volltextindexierungsvarianten für das deutsche Patentinformationssystem (1990)
0.01
0.011474612 = product of:
0.04589845 = sum of:
0.04589845 = weight(_text_:c in 2653) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.04589845 = score(doc=2653,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1505424 = queryWeight, product of:
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.3048872 = fieldWeight in 2653, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2653)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
-
Fox, C.: Lexical analysis and stoplists (1992)
0.01
0.011474612 = product of:
0.04589845 = sum of:
0.04589845 = weight(_text_:c in 3502) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.04589845 = score(doc=3502,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1505424 = queryWeight, product of:
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.3048872 = fieldWeight in 3502, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3502)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
-
Ferber, R.: Automated indexing with thesaurus descriptors : a co-occurence based approach to multilingual retrieval (1997)
0.01
0.010142221 = product of:
0.040568884 = sum of:
0.040568884 = weight(_text_:c in 4144) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.040568884 = score(doc=4144,freq=4.0), product of:
0.1505424 = queryWeight, product of:
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.2694848 = fieldWeight in 4144, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4144)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Source
- Research and advanced technology for digital libraries: First European Conference, ECDL'97, Pisa, Italy, September 1997, Proceedings. Ed.: C. Peters u. C. Thanos
-
Salton, G.; Buckley, C.: Approaches to global text analysis (1990)
0.01
0.010040285 = product of:
0.04016114 = sum of:
0.04016114 = weight(_text_:c in 4901) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.04016114 = score(doc=4901,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1505424 = queryWeight, product of:
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.2667763 = fieldWeight in 4901, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4901)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
-
Leung, C.-H.; Kan, W.-K.: ¬A statistical learning approach to automatic indexing of controlled index terms (1997)
0.01
0.00860596 = product of:
0.03442384 = sum of:
0.03442384 = weight(_text_:c in 6497) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.03442384 = score(doc=6497,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1505424 = queryWeight, product of:
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.22866541 = fieldWeight in 6497, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=6497)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
-
Buckley, C.; Allan, J.; Salton, G.: Automatic routing and retrieval using Smart : TREC-2 (1995)
0.01
0.00860596 = product of:
0.03442384 = sum of:
0.03442384 = weight(_text_:c in 5699) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.03442384 = score(doc=5699,freq=2.0), product of:
0.1505424 = queryWeight, product of:
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.22866541 = fieldWeight in 5699, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.4494052 = idf(docFreq=3817, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5699)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
-
Hmeidi, I.; Kanaan, G.; Evens, M.: Design and implementation of automatic indexing for information retrieval with Arabic documents (1997)
0.01
0.007595695 = product of:
0.03038278 = sum of:
0.03038278 = product of:
0.06076556 = sum of:
0.06076556 = weight(_text_:al in 1660) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.06076556 = score(doc=1660,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20001286 = queryWeight, product of:
4.582931 = idf(docFreq=1228, maxDocs=44218)
0.043643 = queryNorm
0.30380827 = fieldWeight in 1660, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.582931 = idf(docFreq=1228, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1660)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
- Abstract
- A corpus of 242 abstracts of Arabic documents on computer science and information systems using the Proceedings of the Saudi Arabian National Conferences as a source was put together. Reports on the design and building of an automatic information retrieval system from scratch to handle Arabic data. Both automatic and manual indexing techniques were implemented. Experiments using measures of recall and precision has demonstrated that automatic indexing is at least as effective as manual indexing and more effective in some cases. Automatic indexing is both cheaper and faster. Results suggests that a wider coverage of the literature can be achieved with less money and produce as good results as with manual indexing. Compares the retrieval results using words as index terms versus stems and roots, and confirms the results obtained by Al-Kharashi and Abu-Salem with smaller corpora that root indexing is more effective than word indexing
