-
Ward, M.L.: ¬The future of the human indexer (1996)
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- Abstract
- Considers the principles of indexing and the intellectual skills involved in order to determine what automatic indexing systems would be required in order to supplant or complement the human indexer. Good indexing requires: considerable prior knowledge of the literature; judgement as to what to index and what depth to index; reading skills; abstracting skills; and classification skills, Illustrates these features with a detailed description of abstracting and indexing processes involved in generating entries for the mechanical engineering database POWERLINK. Briefly assesses the possibility of replacing human indexers with specialist indexing software, with particular reference to the Object Analyzer from the InTEXT automatic indexing system and using the criteria described for human indexers. At present, it is unlikely that the automatic indexer will replace the human indexer, but when more primary texts are available in electronic form, it may be a useful productivity tool for dealing with large quantities of low grade texts (should they be wanted in the database)
- Date
- 9. 2.1997 18:44:22
- Source
- Journal of librarianship and information science. 28(1996) no.4, S.217-225
-
Milstead, J.L.: Thesauri in a full-text world (1998)
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- Abstract
- Despite early claims to the contemporary, thesauri continue to find use as access tools for information in the full-text environment. Their mode of use is changing, but this change actually represents an expansion rather than a contrdiction of their utility. Thesauri and similar vocabulary tools can complement full-text access by aiding users in focusing their searches, by supplementing the linguistic analysis of the text search engine, and even by serving as one of the tools used by the linguistic engine for its analysis. While human indexing contunues to be used for many databases, the trend is to increase the use of machine aids for this purpose. All machine-aided indexing (MAI) systems rely on thesauri as the basis for term selection. In the 21st century, the balance of effort between human and machine will change at both input and output, but thesauri will continue to play an important role for the foreseeable future
- Date
- 22. 9.1997 19:16:05
- Imprint
- Urbana-Champaign, IL : Illinois University at Urbana-Champaign, Graduate School of Library and Information Science
- Source
- Visualizing subject access for 21st century information resources: Papers presented at the 1997 Clinic on Library Applications of Data Processing, 2-4 Mar 1997, Graduate School of Library and Information Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Ed.: P.A. Cochrane et al
-
Smart, G.: Using language analysis to manage information (1993)
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- Abstract
- The ESPRIT project SIMPR developed software to analyse documents and generate indexes for them. Of immediate application as a document indexing and classification system, this also offers a technology for information modelling that has broader implications, supporting many new uses for information management softeware. The project was based on the assumption that information can only be managed successfully by computer systems that can view the information contained in a document through the language in which the document is written, and that systems need to be sufficiently flexible to respond to the changing requirements of document use
-
Search Engines and Beyond : Developing efficient knowledge management systems, April 19-20 1999, Boston, Mass (1999)
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- Abstract
- This series of meetings originated in Albuquerque, New Mexico in 1995. This inaugural meeting (part of an ASIDIC series) was transplanted to Bath in England (1996 and 1997) and then to Boston, Massachusetts (1998 and 1999). The Search Engines Meetings bring together commercial search engine developers, academics and corporate professionals to learn from each other. Infonortics, sponsor of meetings post-1995 with Ev Brenner, plans to continue the same success in Boston in 2000.
- Content
- Ramana Rao (Inxight, Palo Alto, CA) 7 ± 2 Insights on achieving Effective Information Access Session One: Updates and a twelve month perspective Danny Sullivan (Search Engine Watch, US / England) Portalization and other search trends Carol Tenopir (University of Tennessee) Search realities faced by end users and professional searchers Session Two: Today's search engines and beyond Daniel Hoogterp (Retrieval Technologies, McLean, VA) Effective presentation and utilization of search techniques Rick Kenny (Fulcrum Technologies, Ontario, Canada) Beyond document clustering: The knowledge impact statement Gary Stock (Ingenius, Kalamazoo, MI) Automated change monitoring Gary Culliss (Direct Hit, Wellesley Hills, MA) User popularity ranked search engines Byron Dom (IBM, CA) Automatically finding the best pages on the World Wide Web (CLEVER) Peter Tomassi (LookSmart, San Francisco, CA) Adding human intellect to search technology Session Three: Panel discussion: Human v automated categorization and editing Ev Brenner (New York, NY)- Chairman James Callan (University of Massachusetts, MA) Marc Krellenstein (Northern Light Technology, Cambridge, MA) Dan Miller (Ask Jeeves, Berkeley, CA) Session Four: Updates and a twelve month perspective Steve Arnold (AIT, Harrods Creek, KY) Review: The leading edge in search and retrieval software Ellen Voorhees (NIST, Gaithersburg, MD) TREC update Session Five: Search engines now and beyond Intelligent Agents John Snyder (Muscat, Cambridge, England) Practical issues behind intelligent agents Text summarization Therese Firmin, (Dept of Defense, Ft George G. Meade, MD) The TIPSTER/SUMMAC evaluation of automatic text summarization systems Cross language searching Elizabeth Liddy (TextWise, Syracuse, NY) A conceptual interlingua approach to cross-language retrieval. Video search and retrieval Armon Amir (IBM, Almaden, CA) CueVideo: Modular system for automatic indexing and browsing of video/audio Speech recognition Michael Witbrock (Lycos, Waltham, MA) Retrieval of spoken documents Visualization James A. Wise (Integral Visuals, Richland, WA) Information visualization in the new millennium: Emerging science or passing fashion? Text mining David Evans (Claritech, Pittsburgh, PA) Text mining - towards decision support
-
Chowdhury, G.G.: Natural language processing and information retrieval : pt.1: basic issues; pt.2: major applications (1991)
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- Abstract
- Reviews the basic issues and procedures involved in natural language processing of textual material for final use in information retrieval. Covers: natural language processing; natural language understanding; syntactic and semantic analysis; parsing; knowledge bases and knowledge representation
-
Hlava, M.M.K.: Machine aided indexing (MAI) in a multilingual environment (1993)
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- Abstract
- The machine aided indexing (MAI) software devloped by Access Innovations, Inc., is a semantic based, Boolean statement, rule interpreting application with 3 modules: the MA engine which accepts input files, matches terms in the knowledge base, interprets rules, and outputs a text file with suggested indexing terms; a rule building application allowing each Boolean style rule in the knowledge base to be created or modifies; and a statistical computation module which analyzes performance of the MA software against text manually indexed by professional human indexers. The MA software can be applied across multiple languages and can be used where the text to be searched is in one language and the indexes to be output are in another
- Source
- Proceedings of the 14th National Online Meeting 1993, New York, 4-6 May 1993. Ed.: M.E. Williams
-
Milstead, J.L.: Methodologies for subject analysis in bibliographic databases (1992)
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- Abstract
- The goal of the study was to determine the state of the art of subject analysis as applied to large bibliographic data bases. The intent was to gather and evaluate information, casting it in a form that could be applied by management. There was no attempt to determine actual costs or trade-offs among costs and possible benefits. Commercial automatic indexing packages were also reviewed. The overall conclusion was that data base producers should begin working seriously on upgrading their thesauri and codifying their indexing policies as a means of moving toward development of machine aids to indexing, but that fully automatic indexing is not yet ready for wholesale implementation
-
Alexander, M.: Retrieving digital data with fuzzy matching (1997)
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- Abstract
- In 1993 the British Library established a programme of activities entitled Initiatives for Access (IFA) to identify and develop computer applications based on the new technologies emerging in the aereas of digital and network service. Discusses the problem of the effective retrieval of digital data after its capture focusing on the product Excalibur EFS which looks at the way information is sorted at its fundamental level and identifies patterns in numbers. Looks at the benefits of Excalibur and outlines other experiments in progress as part of the IFA programme
-
Wolfekuhler, M.R.; Punch, W.F.: Finding salient features for personal Web pages categories (1997)
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- Abstract
- Examines techniques that discover features in sets of pre-categorized documents, such that similar documents can be found on the WWW. Examines techniques which will classifiy training examples with high accuracy, then explains why this is not necessarily useful. Describes a method for extracting word clusters from the raw document features. Results show that the clustering technique is successful in discovering word groups in personal Web pages which can be used to find similar information on the WWW
- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:08:06
- Footnote
- Contribution to a special issue of papers from the 6th International World Wide Web conference, held 7-11 Apr 1997, Santa Clara, California
- Source
- Computer networks and ISDN systems. 29(1997) no.8, S.1147-1156
-
Pritchard, J.: Information retrieval : smarter indexing (1991)
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- Abstract
- Describes full text retrieval (FTR) which indexes every occurrence of every word except defined 'stop' words. This permits much more sophisticated searching than with keyword indexing. Also discusses document imaging processing (DIP). Lists suppliers and users of the software and describes the experiences of ESOO's Planning Division with Computer Intertrade Ltd. (CIL) ImagePro DIP and their operational practices
-
Warner, A.J.: ¬A linguistic approach to the automated hierarchical organization of phrases (1990)
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- Abstract
- A linguistic analysis was carried out on 8 sets of phrases automatically selected from documents surrogates in mathematics. The purpose of this analysis was to derive an algorithm which would automatically generate a hierarchically organised arrangement of phrases for online display to the user. This would replace an alphabetical display and would be particularly useful in online browsing of large numbers of items. It is also the first step toward an automatic thesaurus generator
- Source
- ASIS'90: Information in the year 2000, from research to applications. Proc. of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science, Toronto, Canada, 4.-8.11.1990. Ed. by Diana Henderson
-
Taylor, S.L.: Integrating natural language understanding with document structure analysis (1994)
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- Abstract
- Document understanding, the interpretation of a document from its image form, is a technology area which benefits greatly from the integration of natural language processing with image processing. Develops a prototype of an Intelligent Document Understanding System (IDUS) which employs several technologies: image processing, optical character recognition, document structure analysis and text understanding in a cooperative fashion. Discusses those areas of research during development of IDUS where it is found that the most benefit from the integration of natural language processing and image processing occured: document structure analysis, OCR correction, and text analysis. Discusses 2 applications which are supported by IDUS: text retrieval and automatic generation of hypertext links
-
Thiel, T.J.: Automated indexing of information stored on optical disk electronic document image management systems (1994)
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- Source
- Encyclopedia of library and information science. Vol.54, [=Suppl.17]
-
Salton, G.; Buckley, C.: Approaches to global text analysis (1990)
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- Abstract
- Current approaches to the analysis of natural language text are not viable for documents of unrestricted scope. A global text analysis system is proposed designed to identify homogeneous text environments in which the meaning of text words and phrases remains unambiguous, and useful term relationships may be automatically determined. The proposed methods include document clustering methods, as well as comparisons of local document excerpts in specified global contexts, leading to structured text representations in which similar texts, or text excerpts, are appropriately linked
- Source
- ASIS'90: Information in the year 2000, from research to applications. Proc. of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science, Toronto, Canada, 4.-8.11.1990. Ed. by Diana Henderson
-
Paijmans, H.: Comparing the document representation of two IR-systems : CLARIT and TOPIC (1993)
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- Abstract
- Discusses the TOPIC and CLARIT information retrieval systems in terms of assigned versus derived and precoordinate versus postcoordinate indexing. Compares the document representation of the two systems. Reports on a test done on a small sample of Wall Street Journal articles. The positive results found for CLARIT in earlier test on medical documents were not observed in this general database
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 44(1993) no.7, S.383-392
-
Faraj, N.: Analyse d'une methode d'indexation automatique basée sur une analyse syntaxique de texte (1996)
0.02
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- Abstract
- Evaluates an automatic indexing method based on syntactical text analysis combined with statistical analysis. Tests many combinations for the choice of term categories and weighting methods. The experiment, conducted on a software engineering corpus, shows systematic improvement in the use of syntactic term phrases compared to using only individual words as index terms
- Footnote
- Übers. d. Titels: Analysis of an automatic indexing method based on syntactic analysis of text
- Source
- Canadian journal of information and library science. 21(1996) no.1, S.1-21
-
Pritchard-Schoch, T.: Natural language comes of age (1993)
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- Abstract
- Discusses natural languages and the natural language implementations of Westlaw's full-text legal documents, Westlaw Is Natural. Natural language is not aritificial intelligence but a hybrid of linguistics, mathematics and statistics. Provides 3 classes of retrieval models. Explains how Westlaw processes an English query. Assesses WIN. Covers WIN enhancements; the natural language features of Congressional Quarterly's Washington Alert using a document for a query; the personal librarian front end search software and Dowquest from Dow Jones news/retrieval. Conmsiders whether natural language encourages fuzzy thinking and whether Boolean logic will still be needed
-
Hlava, M.M.K.; Hainebach, R.: Machine aided indexing : European Parliament study and results (1996)
0.02
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- Abstract
- Reports on a pilot study of the application of Access Innovations' machine aided indexing (MAI) system on the European Parliament's full text materials. Describes how the knowledge base used by the MAI software is created, and gives an evaluation of the system
- Source
- Proceedings of the 17th National Online Meeting 1996, New York, 14-16 May 1996. Ed.: M.E. Williams
-
Samstag-Schnock, U.; Meadow, C.T.: PBS: an ecomical natural language query interpreter (1993)
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- Abstract
- Reports on the design and implementation of the information searching and retrieval software, PBS (Parsing, Boolean recognition, Stemming) for the front end OAK 2, a new version of OAK developed at Toronto Univ. OAK 2 is a research tool for user behaviour studies. PBS receives natural language search statements from an end user and identifies search facets and implied Boolean logic operators
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 44(1993) no.5, S.265-272
-
Alexander, M.: Automatic indexing of document images using Excalibur EFS (1995)
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- Abstract
- Discusses research into the application of adaptive pattern recognition technology to enable effective retrieval from scanned document images. Describes application at the British Library of Excalibur EFS software which uses adaptive pattern recognition technology to provide access to digital information in its native forms, fuzzy searching retrieval and automatic indexing capabilities. It was used to make specialist printed catalogues and indexes accessible on computer via content based indexes
