Search (60 results, page 2 of 3)

  • × theme_ss:"Benutzerstudien"
  • × year_i:[1990 TO 2000}
  1. Lucas, T.A.: Time patterns in remote OPAC use (1993) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Expanded hours of access and the reduction of peak system loads are often cited as advantages of remote access to OPACs. This argument is based on the assumption that remote users search OPACs when libraries are closed or when there is low internal use. The study tested this assumption by performing a transactional log analysis of the remote and internal use of the OPAC at the Research Libraries of the New York Public Library. Analysis showed that pateerns of remote and internal use differed greatly. A large part of the remote searching occured when the Research Libraries were closed. Compared to internal searching, remote searching was distributed more evenly over the course of the day and the week. Results show that remote access expands the hours of use of the Online catalogue and has potential to reduce peak system loads at the Research Libraries
  2. Connaway, L.S.; Budd, J.M.; Kochtanek, T.R.: ¬An investigation of the use of an online catalogue : user characteristics and transaction log analysis (1995) 0.01 
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  3. Ray, K.L.; Long, M.S.: Analyzing search styles of patrons and staff : a replicative study of two university libraries (1997) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Librarians at the University of the Pacific, California (UOP) designed a replication of an earlier transaction log study carried out at Adelphi University, New York (LRTS 38(1994) no.3, S.293-305). It was hypothesized that library staff would use a feature that allows the searcher to limit a search by location or material type more often than users. It was also hypothesized that library staff and reference librarians would have a higher success rate than public users. The third hypothesis was that UOP users would perform keyword searches more often than library staff. Studies were conducted in 1995 in 1996 to test these hypotheses to provide comparative data on the search styles of users and staff. Searches of the INNOPAC database, using transaction logs, were performed by 4 terminal groups: public users, technical services staff, public services staff, and reference librarians. It was discovered that replicating a study is not nearly as straightforward as was initially thought. It was also found to be surprisingly difficult to compare year to year data at the same institution; primarily due to a continually changing technological environment
  4. Atlas, M.C.; Little, K.R.; Purcell, M.O.: Flip charts at the OPAC : using transaction log analysis to judge their effectiveness (1997) 0.01 
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  5. Large, A.; Beheshti, J.; Moukdad, H.: Information seeking on the Web : navigational skills of grade-six primary school students (1999) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Reports on research into the information-seeking habits of primary schoolchildren conducted under operational conditions. Three workstations with Internet access were installed in a grade-six classroom in suburban Montreal. After a short introductory training session for the entire group followed by short individual sessions for each student, 53 students, working in small groups, used these workstations over a six-week period to seek information on the Web of relevance to a class project assigned by their teacher. The project dealt with the Winter Olympic Games (recently completed at that time). The student objective was to locate relevant information for a poster and an oral presentation on one of the sports represented at the Games. All screen activity was directly captured on videotape and group conversations at the workstation were audiotaped. Demographic and computer literacy information was gathered in a questionnaire. This paper presents a map of the information-seeking landscape based upon an analysis of the descriptive statistics gathered from the Web searches. It reveals that the novice users favored browsing over analytic search strategies, although they did show some sophistication in the construction of the latter. Online help was ignored. The children demonstrated a very high level of interactivity with the interface at the expense of thinking, planning and evaluating. This is a preliminary analysis of data which will subsequently be expanded by the inclusion of qualitative data
    Date
    29. 9.2001 20:35:09
  6. Wallace, P.M.: How do patrons search the online catalog when no one's looking? : transaction log analysis and implications for bibliographic instruction and system design (1993) 0.01 
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  7. Borgman, C.L.; Hirsh, S.G.; Hiller, J.: Rethinking online monitoring methods for information retrieval systems : from search product to search process (1996) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Searching information retrieval systems is a highly interactive, iterative process that cannot be understood simply by comparing the output of a search session (the 'search product') to a query stated in advance. In this article, we examine evaluation goals and methods for studying information retrieval behavior, drawing examples from our own research and that of others. We limit our review to research that employs online monitoring, also known as transaction log analysis. Online monitoring is one of few methods that can capture detailed data on the search process at a reasonable cost; these data can be used to build quantitative models or to support qualitative interpretations of quatitative results. Monitoring is a data collection technique rather than a research design, and can be employed in experimental of field studies, whether alone or combined with other data collection methods. Based on the the research questions of interest, the researcher must determine what variables to collect from each data source, which to treat as independent varaibles to manipulate, and which to treat as dependent variables to observe effects. Studies of searching behavior often treat search task and searcher characteristics as independent variables and may manipulate other independent variables specific to the research questions addressed. Search outcomes, time, and search paths frequently are treated as dependent variables. We discuss each of these sets of variables, illustrating them with sample results from the literature and from our own research. Our examples are drawn from the Science Library Catalog project, a 7-year study of children's searching behavior on an experimental retrieval system. We close with a brief discussion of the implications of these results for the design of information retrieval systems
  8. Barab, S.A.; Bowdish, B.E.; Lawless, K.A.: Hypermedia navigation : profiles of hypermedia users (1997) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    In this study we explored the use of logfiles as a window into the process of hypermedia navigation. Although there is a growing body of research addressing theoretical and design issues related to open-ended, non-directive technologies such as hypermedia, relatively few studies have attempted to explain navigational performance. 66 undergraduate students used a multidimensional, computer-based kiosk that could be explored in a nonlinear fashion to find information in response to one of two information retrieval tasks (simple or complex). Cluster analysis was used to generate performance profiles derived from navigational data captured in log files. Analyses of within cluster performance profiles, combined with external validation criteria, led to the classification of 4 different types of navigational performance (models users, disenchanted volunteers, feature explorers, and cyber cartographers). These characterizations were consistent with information retrieval users and the external criteria (self-efficacy, perceived utility, and interest). For example, individual who appeared to fake the time to learn the layout of the kiosk also had the highest self-efficacy, while those who used the help screen and watched the most movies had the lowest self-efficacy. Results also demonstrated an interaction between various individual navigational profiles and type information retrieval task
  9. Nicholas, D.: ¬An assessment of the online searching behaviour of practitioner end users (1996) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The study set out to determine: (1) what were the searching characteristics of end-users in a non-academic environment and explain this in the light of their information needs; (2) whether these characteristics were those that were ascribed to end users in the professional literature; (3) whether they differed materially from those of information professionals working in the same fields. Searching characteristics were interpreted in their widest sense to include: command utilisation/knowledge; search success a satisfaction; volume of searching; searching style / approach; duration of searches; file selection; willingness to delegate and levels of training. These issues were explored in relation to 2 practitioner groups - journalists from he Guardian newspaper, and politicians from The House of Commons. Comparative data were also sought from information professionals in these 2 organisations. A mixture of social and statistical methods was used to monitor end-user and professional searching, though transactional log analysis was strongly featured. Altogether the searching behaviour of 170 end users was evaluated in the light of the searching behaviour of 70 librarians. The principal findings were that: in some respects end users did conform to the picture that information professionals have of them: they did seartch with a limited range of commands; more of their searches produced no results, and search statements were simplly constructed. But in other respects they confounded their image - they could be very quick and economical searchers, and they did not display meters of print-out. However, there were variations between individual end users, and it was often possible to find an end-user group that matched an information professional group on one aspect of online searching or another. The online behaviour of end users was very much related to their general information seeking behaviour; and to the fact that they were not trained
  10. Hawk, W.B.; Wang, P.: Users' interaction with the World Wide Web : problems and problem solving (1999) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    In this paper, we report on the second part of an empirical study designed to observe how users interact with World Wide Web resources. Applying a holistic approach, the researches examine users' cognitive, affective, and physical behaviors during user-Web interaction in order to understand better the nature of information retrieval on the Web, the needs of Web users, and the problem-solving strategies Web users employ. From analyses and the participant verbalizations collected during monitored searches, the researchers developed a taxonomy of problem solving strategies. The coding scheme was developed based on a content analysis of the integrated process data. Information from triangulation follow-up with participants via anonymously completed questionnaires, the taxonomy, and analyses of search transcripts were collected to determine 1) what problems users encountered during the interaction and how users solved these problems; and 2) which problem-solving strategies Web users considered and selected for finding factual information. The focus of the coding was on the participants' cognitive, affective, and physical behaviors in response to the components of the problems encountered, which included problems of the following types: Web interfaces, users' mental models, and the Web information sources. Searching behavior and problem-solving patterns are described and interpreted within the relevant situational context and the problems users encountered are identified and analyzed. Both the problems users faced and their problem-solving approaches endeavored evidence a strong reliance on mental models of the features available on sites, the location of those features, and other interface design concepts
  11. Su, L.T.; Chen, H.L.: Evaluation of Web search engines by undergraduate students (1999) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    This research continues to explore the user's evaluation of Web search engines using a methodology proposed by Su (1997) and tested in a pilot study (Su, Chen, & Dong, 1998). It seeks to generate useful insight for system design and improvement, and for engine choice. The researchers were interested in how undergraduate students used four selected engines to retrieve information for their studies or personal interests and how they evaluated the interaction and search results retrieved by the four engines. Measures used were based on five evaluation criteria: relevance, efficiency, utility, user satisfaction, and connectivity. Thirty-six undergraduate juniors and seniors were recruited from the disciplines of sciences, social sciences and humanities. Each searched his/her own topic on all four engines in an assigned order and each made relevance judgements of retrieved items in relation to his/her information need or problem. The study found some significant differences among the four engines but none dominated in every aspect of the multidimensional evaluation. Alta Vista had the highest number of relevant and partially relevant documents, the best relative recall and the highest precision ratio based on PR1, Alter Vista had significantly better scores for these three measures than for Lycos. Infoseek had the highest satisfaction rating for response time. Both Infoseek and Excite had significantly higher satisfaction ratings for response time than Lycos. Excite had the best score for output display. Excite and Alta Vista had significantly better scores for output display than Lycos. Excite had the best rating for time saving while Alta Vista achieved the best score for value of search results as a whole and for overall performance. Alta Vista and Excite had significantly better ratings for these three measures than Lycos. Lycos achieved the best relevance ranking performance. Further work will provide more complete picture for engine comparison and choice by taking into account participant characteristics and identify factors contributing to the user's satisfaction to gain better insight for system design and improvement
    Date
    29. 9.2001 20:39:10
  12. Wallace, P.M.: Periodical title searching in online catalogues (1997) 0.00 
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    Date
    29. 7.1998 10:57:22
  13. Tomney, H.; Burton, P.F.: Electronic journals : a case study of usage and attitudes among academics (1998) 0.00 
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    Date
    22. 5.1999 19:07:29
  14. Nims, J.K.; Rich, L.: How successfully do users search the Web? (1998) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Describes how librarians at Bowling Green State University, USA, used the McKinley Search Voyeur World wide Web site to observe a sample of searches currently entered by users of the McKinley Magellan search engine, in order to try to establish how library patrons search for information. Discusses search errors revealed by this research and provides a list of tips for successful WWW searching
  15. Fidel, R.; Davies, R.K.; Douglass, M.H.; Holder, J.K.; Hopkins, C.J.; Kushner, E.J.; Miyagishimas, B.K.; Toney, C.D.: ¬A visit to the information mall : Web searching behavior of high school students (1999) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    This article analyzes Web searching behavior for homework assignments of high school students through field observations in class and the terminal with students thinking alound, and through interviews with various participants, including the teacher and librarian. Students performed focused searching and progressed through a search swiftly and flexibly. They used landmarks and assumed that one can always start a new search and ask for help. They were satisfied with their searches and the results, but impatient with slow response. The students enjoyed searching the Web because it had a variety of formats, it showed pictures, it covered a multitude of subjects and it provided easy access to information. Difficulties and problems students encountered emphasize the need for training to all involved, and for a system design that is based on user seeking and searching behavior
  16. Nahl, D.: Ethnography of novices' first use of Web search engines : affective control in cognitive processing (1998) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Reports results of a study, conducted at Hawaii University, Department of Information and Computer Science, to understand the novide searchers' experience in learning to use a WWW search engine. Without prior searching instruction, undergraduate novives wrote structured self reports during their first session on a Web search engine. Users choose their own topics and followed written instructions that prompted them to describe thoughts and feelings during specified stages of the search; pre search formulation; search statement formulation; search strategy; and evaluation of the results. The sentences in the self reports were numbered and then coded according to their affective or cognitive function. The affective sentences reveal how users set goals and limit the scope of the cognitive operations. Search acts appear to be governed by an affective filter that organizes incoming information and provides criteria for ranking cognitive relevance to search goal. Content analysis identifies reasons users have for rating self confidence, stress level, satisfaction, usefulness, and success with future searches
  17. Busch, J.A.; Giral, A.: Subsidizing end user access to research databases : from card file to the World Wide Web (1996) 0.00 
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  18. Green, A.-M.; Davenport, E.: Putting new media in its place : the Edinburgh experience (1999) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The Household Information Systems (HIS) project in Queen Margaret College was funded to explore the use of new media in a group of Edinburgh households (Davenport & Higgins, 1995). One of the motivations of the HIS 'programme' was to find a suitable theoretical and/or exploratory framework, which takes account of multiple aspects of behaviour surrounding technologies, and thus avoids assumptions about their role in information-seeking or other isolated activities. A focus on single activities would occlude knowledge of other motivations: bonding, killing time, defining boundaries. In Phase One, `information management' rather than `information seeking' was used as a conceptual framework, embracing work on the `life cycle' of ICTs as illustrated by Kopytoffs `biography of things' approach (1986), Johnson's cultural circuit (1986), research on households as micro-organisations by McCrone and his colleagues (1994), and work by Silverstone and others on ICTs in the home as tools for internal and external adaptation (Silverstone, 1994, Silverstone et al 1994). The `management' framework has been productive - Phase One allowed us to identify patterns of ICT acquisition and deployment in the home, and, more interestingly, structures of appropriation which reflect rules, roles and responsibilities in individual households. These constitute what may be called a `reproduction lattice' (adapting terminology used by Kling (1987) in his analysis of the `web of computing' in organisations), a structure which captures the political and cultural economy of a household. Phase One's findings are consistent with those of other researchers working in the area of domestic consumption of ICTs but a major limitation of the work is the homogeneous nature of the respondents. Among our Edinburgh 'household managers', internal culture was a more compelling explanation for use than technical functionality.
  19. Summey, T.P.; Walchle, B.A.: ¬An investigation into use and instruction for an online catalog (1992) 0.00 
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    Source
    Technical services quarterly. 10(1992) no.2, S.29-49
  20. Mann, L.; Ball, C.: ¬The relationship between search strategy and risky choice (1994) 0.00 
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    Date
    29. 1.1996 19:58:10

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