Search (91 results, page 4 of 5)

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Source

Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 67(2016) H.4, S.269-270

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Abstract

Purpose - This paper examines William Stetson Merrill, the compiler of A Code for Classifiers and a Newberry Library employee (1889-1930) in an attempt to glean lessons for modern information studies from an early librarian's career. Design/methodology/approach - Merrill's career at the Newberry Library and three editions of the code are briefly examined using historical, bibliographic, and conceptual methods. Primary and secondary sources in archives and libraries are summarized to provide insight into Merrill's attempts to develop or modify tools to solve the knowledge organization problems he faced. The concept of bricolage, developed by Levi-Strauss to explain modalities of thinking, is applied to Merrill's career. Excerpts from his works and reminisces are used to explain Merrill as a bricoleur and highlight the characteristics of bricolage. Findings - Findings show that Merrill worked collaboratively to collocate and integrate a variety of ideas from a diverse group of librarians such as Cutter, Pettee, Poole, Kelley, Rudolph, and Fellows. Bliss and Ranganathan were aware of the code but the extent to which they were influenced by it remains to be explored. Although this is an anachronistic evaluation, Merrill serves as an example of the archetypal information scientist who improvises and integrates methods from bibliography, cataloging, classification, and indexing to solve problems of information retrieval and design usable information products and services for human consumption. Originality/value - Bricolage offers great potential to information practitioners and researchers today as we continue to try and find user-centered solutions to the problems of digital information organization and services.

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Abstract

Presents brief accounts, by Kathy Luther Henderson and Mary Piggott herself, of her career with cataloguing and classification; focusing on her work with the Classification Research Group (CRG) and AACR

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Abstract

Presents a brief account of the career of Seymour Lubetzky, both through his writing and work on cataloguing code revision, leading to AACR but also as a teacher of cataloguuing to future librarians

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Abstract

Presents a brief review of the career of Has H. Wellisch, focusing on his work in cataloguing and classification, notably with the UDC

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Abstract

Reports on an interview with Paule Rolland-Thomas, library educator, classificationist and editor of the Règles de catalogage anglo-americaines

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Abstract

Briefly reviews the distinguished career of Henriette Davidson Avram with particular reference to her seminal work on the development of the MARC format, as a communication format for computerized bibliographic data for automated library systems and computerized cataloguing, and her vision of electronic exchange of bibliographic records nationally and internationally

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Abstract

Foster Edward Mohrhardt was a librarian in federal libraries for much of his career and served as the director of the National Agricultural Library from 1954 to 1968. Throughout his long library career, he used the freedom of his directorship to participate in a variety of high-level projects across organizations. This role served both to advance the prestige of the National Agricultural Library and to promote his personal goal to develop national and international library networks to support scientific communication. He worked actively throughout his career to bring librarians and documentalists together to address information problems outlined by practicing scientists and policymakers at a time when there was contention and competition between librarianship and documentation, which was then emerging as a new discipline. Mohrhardt considered librarianship an international endeavor, requiring cooperation and creativity to increase access to information produced in other countries. He saw libraries as essential to the growth of science and successful service necessarily tied to the development of national and international information systems. He mobilized people and resources to develop agricultural and research libraries and expand librarianship throughout the world. In light of current trends in scientific communication, and reemerging tensions concerning the role of libraries in information systems development, Mohrhardt's work is a significant model for increasing the prevalence of library expertise in current scientific data management activities. As a diplomat who bridged librarianship and documentation, his career as a librarian and an organizational leader deserves renewed attention.

Footnote

Beitrag in einem Themenheft: Pioneers in library and information science

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Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 50(1999) no.4, S.289-290

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Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 51(2000) no.10, S.959-962

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Abstract

This paper reviews the career and legacy of William (Bill) Goffman, who served as a researcher, Professor, Dean and Emeritus at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, from 1959 to 2000. Goffman pioneered mathematical information science broadly and in several key areas. First, he applied disease epidemiology concepts to model accurately the spread of knowledge and the formation of knowledge systems and their ecologies, including the dynamics of scientific discovery. Second, he proposed significant improvements in information retrieval through the deployment of multi-valued logic, appropriate file ordering, effective and efficient retrieval measures, and simplified retrieval approaches, including early work in citation-based searching. Third, Goffman applied Bradford-like distributions to model effective core research literature collection development and usage. Fourth, he developed original epidemiology models, and was an early contributor in biomedical informatics. His mathematical contributions have stood the test of time and will continue to be applicable indefinitely.

Source

Information processing and management. 44(2008) no.4, S.1634-1647

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Abstract

The article reviews the life and work of Brian Campbell Vickery, one of the major figures of British classification and information retrieval, and a scholar of international reputation. His career as librarian, researcher, and academic is described, as is the part he played in the development of information science theory in the twentieth century. Some of his most significant publications are listed, with reference to the scale and breadth of his published work overall.

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Abstract

Norbert Henrichs war ein bedeutender Pionier der Informationswissenschaft in Deutschland. Wir widmen uns der von ihm aufgebauten Philosophiedokumentation und der damit eng verbundenen Textwortmethode sowie einer frühen Form der informetrischen Themenanalyse. Herausgestellt wird seine führende Rolle beim Bemühen um eine Institutionalisierung der Informationswissenschaft, die allerdings mit der nachhaltigen Etablierung der Gesellschaft für Information und Dokumentation (GID) nicht gelang. In seinem Spätwerk hinterfragte Henrichs den kapitalistischen Informationsmarkt und stellt das "Menschsein im Informationszeitalter" in den Fokus seiner Betrachtungen.

Source

Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 67(2016) H.4, S.257-268

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Footnote

Rez. in: Journal of documentation 50(1994) no.1, S.64-65 (D.J. Foskett); Knowledge organization 20(1993) no.1, S.59 (M.P. Satija); Education for information 11(1993) no.4, S.342-245 (P.B. Mangla)

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Imprint

Medford, NJ : Information Today

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Footnote

Rez. in: Education for information 16(1998) no.3, S.266-268 (P.G. Underwood)

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Abstract

Gerard Salton is often credited with developing the vector space model (VSM) for information retrieval (IR). Citations to Salton give the impression that the VSM must have been articulated as an IR model sometime between 1970 and 1975. However, the VSM as it is understood today evolved over a longer time period than is usually acknowledged, and an articulation of the model and its assumptions did not appear in print until several years after those assumptions had been criticized and alternative models proposed. An often cited overview paper titled "A Vector Space Model for Information Retrieval" (alleged to have been published in 1975) does not exist, and citations to it represent a confusion of two 1975 articles, neither of which were overviews of the VSM as a model of information retrieval. Until the late 1970s, Salton did not present vector spaces as models of IR generally but rather as models of specific computations. Citations to the phantom paper reflect an apparently widely held misconception that the operational features and explanatory devices now associated with the VSM must have been introduced at the same time it was first proposed as an IR model.

Footnote

Beitrag in einem Themenheft: Pioneers in library and information science

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Abstract

Margaret Egan (1905-59) taught at the Graduate Library School of the University of Chicago (1946-55) and at the School of Library Science at Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio (1955-59). With her colleague Jesse Shera, Egan wrote "Foundations of a Theory of Bibliography" for Library Quarterly in 1952; this article marked the first appearance of the term "social epistemology." After Egan's death, Shera has often been credited for the idea of social epistemology. However, there is ample evidence to show that it was Egan who originated the concept-one that is commonly viewed as fundamental to the theoretical foundations of library and information science.

Footnote

Beitrag in einem Themenheft: Pioneers in library and information science

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LCSH

New English dictionary on historical principles

Subject

New English dictionary on historical principles

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Abstract

Research during the 1950s in library and information science reflected the intense intellectual foment and fervor of the time. As a master's student of library science at Western Reserve University (WRU) in 1952, Phyllis Allen Richmond found herself at the epicenter of some of the most exciting work being pursued in the field. Her academic career crosscuts diverse areas. She was a champion of library automation, of facet analytical theory, and of the history of science. She always kept the future of classification firmly at the center of her work. This retrospective of the pioneering accomplishments and contributions of a distinguished forty-year career will draw upon recollections, materials at the Case Western Reserve University Archive, and Richmond's own writings.

Footnote

Beitrag in einem Themenheft: Pioneers in library and information science