-
Hotho, A.; Bloehdorn, S.: Data Mining 2004 : Text classification by boosting weak learners based on terms and concepts (2004)
0.16
0.15776142 = sum of:
0.061962504 = product of:
0.24785002 = sum of:
0.24785002 = weight(_text_:3a in 562) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.24785002 = score(doc=562,freq=2.0), product of:
0.4410001 = queryWeight, product of:
8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.56201804 = fieldWeight in 562, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=562)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
0.09579892 = sum of:
0.053513464 = weight(_text_:t in 562) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.053513464 = score(doc=562,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20491594 = queryWeight, product of:
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.26114836 = fieldWeight in 562, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=562)
0.042285454 = weight(_text_:22 in 562) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.042285454 = score(doc=562,freq=2.0), product of:
0.18215442 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 562, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=562)
- Content
- Vgl.: http://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CEAQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fdownload%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.91.4940%26rep%3Drep1%26type%3Dpdf&ei=dOXrUMeIDYHDtQahsIGACg&usg=AFQjCNHFWVh6gNPvnOrOS9R3rkrXCNVD-A&sig2=5I2F5evRfMnsttSgFF9g7Q&bvm=bv.1357316858,d.Yms.
- Date
- 8. 1.2013 10:22:32
-
Chou, C.; Chu, T.: ¬An analysis of BERT (NLP) for assisted subject indexing for Project Gutenberg (2022)
0.05
0.05211836 = sum of:
0.020902177 = product of:
0.08360871 = sum of:
0.08360871 = weight(_text_:authors in 1139) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.08360871 = score(doc=1139,freq=2.0), product of:
0.2371355 = queryWeight, product of:
4.558814 = idf(docFreq=1258, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.35257778 = fieldWeight in 1139, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.558814 = idf(docFreq=1258, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1139)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
0.031216186 = product of:
0.06243237 = sum of:
0.06243237 = weight(_text_:t in 1139) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.06243237 = score(doc=1139,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20491594 = queryWeight, product of:
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.30467308 = fieldWeight in 1139, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1139)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- In light of AI (Artificial Intelligence) and NLP (Natural language processing) technologies, this article examines the feasibility of using AI/NLP models to enhance the subject indexing of digital resources. While BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) models are widely used in scholarly communities, the authors assess whether BERT models can be used in machine-assisted indexing in the Project Gutenberg collection, through suggesting Library of Congress subject headings filtered by certain Library of Congress Classification subclass labels. The findings of this study are informative for further research on BERT models to assist with automatic subject indexing for digital library collections.
-
Deventer, J.P. van; Kruger, C.J.; Johnson, R.D.: Delineating knowledge management through lexical analysis : a retrospective (2015)
0.04
0.03998424 = sum of:
0.027650982 = product of:
0.11060393 = sum of:
0.11060393 = weight(_text_:authors in 3807) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.11060393 = score(doc=3807,freq=14.0), product of:
0.2371355 = queryWeight, product of:
4.558814 = idf(docFreq=1258, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.46641657 = fieldWeight in 3807, product of:
3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
14.0 = termFreq=14.0
4.558814 = idf(docFreq=1258, maxDocs=44218)
0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=3807)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
0.012333257 = product of:
0.024666514 = sum of:
0.024666514 = weight(_text_:22 in 3807) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.024666514 = score(doc=3807,freq=2.0), product of:
0.18215442 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.1354154 = fieldWeight in 3807, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=3807)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- Purpose Academic authors tend to define terms that meet their own needs. Knowledge Management (KM) is a term that comes to mind and is examined in this study. Lexicographical research identified KM terms used by authors from 1996 to 2006 in academic outlets to define KM. Data were collected based on strict criteria which included that definitions should be unique instances. From 2006 onwards, these authors could not identify new unique instances of definitions with repetitive usage of such definition instances. Analysis revealed that KM is directly defined by People (Person and Organisation), Processes (Codify, Share, Leverage, and Process) and Contextualised Content (Information). The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The aim of this paper is to add to the body of knowledge in the KM discipline and supply KM practitioners and scholars with insight into what is commonly regarded to be KM so as to reignite the debate on what one could consider as KM. The lexicon used by KM scholars was evaluated though the application of lexicographical research methods as extended though Knowledge Discovery and Text Analysis methods. Findings By simplifying term relationships through the application of lexicographical research methods, as extended though Knowledge Discovery and Text Analysis methods, it was found that KM is directly defined by People (Person and Organisation), Processes (Codify, Share, Leverage, Process) and Contextualised Content (Information). One would therefore be able to indicate that KM, from an academic point of view, refers to people processing contextualised content.
Research limitations/implications In total, 42 definitions were identified spanning a period of 11 years. This represented the first use of KM through the estimated apex of terms used. From 2006 onwards definitions were used in repetition, and all definitions that were considered to repeat were therefore subsequently excluded as not being unique instances. All definitions listed are by no means complete and exhaustive. The definitions are viewed outside the scope and context in which they were originally formulated and then used to review the key concepts in the definitions themselves. Social implications When the authors refer to the aforementioned discussion of KM content as well as the presentation of the method followed in this paper, the authors may have a few implications for future research in KM. First the research validates ideas presented by the OECD in 2005 pertaining to KM. It also validates that through the evolution of KM, the authors ended with a description of KM that may be seen as a standardised description. If the authors as academics and practitioners, for example, refer to KM as the same construct and/or idea, it has the potential to speculatively, distinguish between what KM may or may not be. Originality/value By simplifying the term used to define KM, by focusing on the most common definitions, the paper assist in refocusing KM by reconsidering the dimensions that is the most common in how it has been defined over time. This would hopefully assist in reigniting discussions about KM and how it may be used to the benefit of an organisation.
- Date
- 20. 1.2015 18:30:22
-
Winograd, T.: Understanding natural language (1972)
0.04
0.03567564 = product of:
0.07135128 = sum of:
0.07135128 = product of:
0.14270256 = sum of:
0.14270256 = weight(_text_:t in 5317) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.14270256 = score(doc=5317,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20491594 = queryWeight, product of:
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.69639564 = fieldWeight in 5317, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=5317)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Meng, K.; Ba, Z.; Ma, Y.; Li, G.: ¬A network coupling approach to detecting hierarchical linkages between science and technology (2024)
0.04
0.03539583 = product of:
0.07079166 = sum of:
0.07079166 = product of:
0.14158332 = sum of:
0.14158332 = weight(_text_:t in 1205) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.14158332 = score(doc=1205,freq=14.0), product of:
0.20491594 = queryWeight, product of:
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.69093364 = fieldWeight in 1205, product of:
3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
14.0 = termFreq=14.0
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1205)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- Detecting science-technology hierarchical linkages is beneficial for understanding deep interactions between science and technology (S&T). Previous studies have mainly focused on linear linkages between S&T but ignored their structural linkages. In this paper, we propose a network coupling approach to inspect hierarchical interactions of S&T by integrating their knowledge linkages and structural linkages. S&T knowledge networks are first enhanced with bidirectional encoder representation from transformers (BERT) knowledge alignment, and then their hierarchical structures are identified based on K-core decomposition. Hierarchical coupling preferences and strengths of the S&T networks over time are further calculated based on similarities of coupling nodes' degree distribution and similarities of coupling edges' weight distribution. Extensive experimental results indicate that our approach is feasible and robust in identifying the coupling hierarchy with superior performance compared to other isomorphism and dissimilarity algorithms. Our research extends the mindset of S&T linkage measurement by identifying patterns and paths of the interaction of S&T hierarchical knowledge.
-
Ontologie und Axiomatik der Wissensbasis von LILOG (1992)
0.03
0.031216186 = product of:
0.06243237 = sum of:
0.06243237 = product of:
0.12486474 = sum of:
0.12486474 = weight(_text_:t in 3957) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.12486474 = score(doc=3957,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20491594 = queryWeight, product of:
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.60934615 = fieldWeight in 3957, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=3957)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Editor
- Klose, G., E. Lang u. T. Pirlein
-
Winograd, T.: ¬Ein prozedurales Modell des Sprachverstehens (1977)
0.03
0.031216186 = product of:
0.06243237 = sum of:
0.06243237 = product of:
0.12486474 = sum of:
0.12486474 = weight(_text_:t in 4707) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.12486474 = score(doc=4707,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20491594 = queryWeight, product of:
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.60934615 = fieldWeight in 4707, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4707)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Strzalkowski, T.: Reversible grammar in natural langugae processing (19??)
0.03
0.031216186 = product of:
0.06243237 = sum of:
0.06243237 = product of:
0.12486474 = sum of:
0.12486474 = weight(_text_:t in 5293) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.12486474 = score(doc=5293,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20491594 = queryWeight, product of:
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.60934615 = fieldWeight in 5293, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=5293)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Perez-Carballo, J.; Strzalkowski, T.: Natural language information retrieval : progress report (2000)
0.03
0.031216186 = product of:
0.06243237 = sum of:
0.06243237 = product of:
0.12486474 = sum of:
0.12486474 = weight(_text_:t in 6421) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.12486474 = score(doc=6421,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20491594 = queryWeight, product of:
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.60934615 = fieldWeight in 6421, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=6421)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Pirkola, A.; Hedlund, T.; Keskustalo, H.; Järvelin, K.: Dictionary-based cross-language information retrieval : problems, methods, and research findings (2001)
0.03
0.031216186 = product of:
0.06243237 = sum of:
0.06243237 = product of:
0.12486474 = sum of:
0.12486474 = weight(_text_:t in 3908) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.12486474 = score(doc=3908,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20491594 = queryWeight, product of:
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.60934615 = fieldWeight in 3908, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=3908)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Nakagawa, H.; Mori, T.: Automatic term recognition based an statistics of compound nouns and their components (2003)
0.03
0.031216186 = product of:
0.06243237 = sum of:
0.06243237 = product of:
0.12486474 = sum of:
0.12486474 = weight(_text_:t in 4123) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.12486474 = score(doc=4123,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20491594 = queryWeight, product of:
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.60934615 = fieldWeight in 4123, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4123)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Noever, D.; Ciolino, M.: ¬The Turing deception (2022)
0.03
0.030981252 = product of:
0.061962504 = sum of:
0.061962504 = product of:
0.24785002 = sum of:
0.24785002 = weight(_text_:3a in 862) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.24785002 = score(doc=862,freq=2.0), product of:
0.4410001 = queryWeight, product of:
8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.56201804 = fieldWeight in 862, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=862)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- https%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fabs%2F2212.06721&usg=AOvVaw3i_9pZm9y_dQWoHi6uv0EN
-
Warner, A.J.: Natural language processing (1987)
0.03
0.028190302 = product of:
0.056380603 = sum of:
0.056380603 = product of:
0.11276121 = sum of:
0.11276121 = weight(_text_:22 in 337) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.11276121 = score(doc=337,freq=2.0), product of:
0.18215442 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.61904186 = fieldWeight in 337, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=337)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Annual review of information science and technology. 22(1987), S.79-108
-
Graham, T.: ¬The free language approach to online catalogues : the user (1985)
0.03
0.026756732 = product of:
0.053513464 = sum of:
0.053513464 = product of:
0.10702693 = sum of:
0.10702693 = weight(_text_:t in 1215) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.10702693 = score(doc=1215,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20491594 = queryWeight, product of:
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.5222967 = fieldWeight in 1215, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1215)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Samad, T.: ¬A natural language interface for computer aided design (19??)
0.03
0.026756732 = product of:
0.053513464 = sum of:
0.053513464 = product of:
0.10702693 = sum of:
0.10702693 = weight(_text_:t in 5304) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.10702693 = score(doc=5304,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20491594 = queryWeight, product of:
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.5222967 = fieldWeight in 5304, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5304)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Working with conceptual structures : contributions to ICCS 2000. 8th International Conference on Conceptual Structures: Logical, Linguistic, and Computational Issues. Darmstadt, August 14-18, 2000 (2000)
0.03
0.02605918 = sum of:
0.010451089 = product of:
0.041804355 = sum of:
0.041804355 = weight(_text_:authors in 5089) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.041804355 = score(doc=5089,freq=2.0), product of:
0.2371355 = queryWeight, product of:
4.558814 = idf(docFreq=1258, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.17628889 = fieldWeight in 5089, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.558814 = idf(docFreq=1258, maxDocs=44218)
0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=5089)
0.25 = coord(1/4)
0.015608093 = product of:
0.031216186 = sum of:
0.031216186 = weight(_text_:t in 5089) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.031216186 = score(doc=5089,freq=2.0), product of:
0.20491594 = queryWeight, product of:
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.15233654 = fieldWeight in 5089, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.9394085 = idf(docFreq=2338, maxDocs=44218)
0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=5089)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- The 8th International Conference on Conceptual Structures - Logical, Linguistic, and Computational Issues (ICCS 2000) brings together a wide range of researchers and practitioners working with conceptual structures. During the last few years, the ICCS conference series has considerably widened its scope on different kinds of conceptual structures, stimulating research across domain boundaries. We hope that this stimulation is further enhanced by ICCS 2000 joining the long tradition of conferences in Darmstadt with extensive, lively discussions. This volume consists of contributions presented at ICCS 2000, complementing the volume "Conceptual Structures: Logical, Linguistic, and Computational Issues" (B. Ganter, G.W. Mineau (Eds.), LNAI 1867, Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg 2000). It contains submissions reviewed by the program committee, and position papers. We wish to express our appreciation to all the authors of submitted papers, to the general chair, the program chair, the editorial board, the program committee, and to the additional reviewers for making ICCS 2000 a valuable contribution in the knowledge processing research field. Special thanks go to the local organizers for making the conference an enjoyable and inspiring event. We are grateful to Darmstadt University of Technology, the Ernst Schröder Center for Conceptual Knowledge Processing, the Center for Interdisciplinary Studies in Technology, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Land Hessen, and NaviCon GmbH for their generous support
- Content
- Concepts & Language: Knowledge organization by procedures of natural language processing. A case study using the method GABEK (J. Zelger, J. Gadner) - Computer aided narrative analysis using conceptual graphs (H. Schärfe, P. 0hrstrom) - Pragmatic representation of argumentative text: a challenge for the conceptual graph approach (H. Irandoust, B. Moulin) - Conceptual graphs as a knowledge representation core in a complex language learning environment (G. Angelova, A. Nenkova, S. Boycheva, T. Nikolov) - Conceptual Modeling and Ontologies: Relationships and actions in conceptual categories (Ch. Landauer, K.L. Bellman) - Concept approximations for formal concept analysis (J. Saquer, J.S. Deogun) - Faceted information representation (U. Priß) - Simple concept graphs with universal quantifiers (J. Tappe) - A framework for comparing methods for using or reusing multiple ontologies in an application (J. van ZyI, D. Corbett) - Designing task/method knowledge-based systems with conceptual graphs (M. Leclère, F.Trichet, Ch. Choquet) - A logical ontology (J. Farkas, J. Sarbo) - Algorithms and Tools: Fast concept analysis (Ch. Lindig) - A framework for conceptual graph unification (D. Corbett) - Visual CP representation of knowledge (H.D. Pfeiffer, R.T. Hartley) - Maximal isojoin for representing software textual specifications and detecting semantic anomalies (Th. Charnois) - Troika: using grids, lattices and graphs in knowledge acquisition (H.S. Delugach, B.E. Lampkin) - Open world theorem prover for conceptual graphs (J.E. Heaton, P. Kocura) - NetCare: a practical conceptual graphs software tool (S. Polovina, D. Strang) - CGWorld - a web based workbench for conceptual graphs management and applications (P. Dobrev, K. Toutanova) - Position papers: The edition project: Peirce's existential graphs (R. Mülller) - Mining association rules using formal concept analysis (N. Pasquier) - Contextual logic summary (R Wille) - Information channels and conceptual scaling (K.E. Wolff) - Spatial concepts - a rule exploration (S. Rudolph) - The TEXT-TO-ONTO learning environment (A. Mädche, St. Staab) - Controlling the semantics of metadata on audio-visual documents using ontologies (Th. Dechilly, B. Bachimont) - Building the ontological foundations of a terminology from natural language to conceptual graphs with Ribosome, a knowledge extraction system (Ch. Jacquelinet, A. Burgun) - CharGer: some lessons learned and new directions (H.S. Delugach) - Knowledge management using conceptual graphs (W.K. Pun)
-
McMahon, J.G.; Smith, F.J.: Improved statistical language model performance with automatic generated word hierarchies (1996)
0.02
0.024666514 = product of:
0.04933303 = sum of:
0.04933303 = product of:
0.09866606 = sum of:
0.09866606 = weight(_text_:22 in 3164) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.09866606 = score(doc=3164,freq=2.0), product of:
0.18215442 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.5416616 = fieldWeight in 3164, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=3164)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Computational linguistics. 22(1996) no.2, S.217-248
-
Ruge, G.: ¬A spreading activation network for automatic generation of thesaurus relationships (1991)
0.02
0.024666514 = product of:
0.04933303 = sum of:
0.04933303 = product of:
0.09866606 = sum of:
0.09866606 = weight(_text_:22 in 4506) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.09866606 = score(doc=4506,freq=2.0), product of:
0.18215442 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.5416616 = fieldWeight in 4506, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4506)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 8.10.2000 11:52:22
-
Somers, H.: Example-based machine translation : Review article (1999)
0.02
0.024666514 = product of:
0.04933303 = sum of:
0.04933303 = product of:
0.09866606 = sum of:
0.09866606 = weight(_text_:22 in 6672) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.09866606 = score(doc=6672,freq=2.0), product of:
0.18215442 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.5416616 = fieldWeight in 6672, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=6672)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 31. 7.1996 9:22:19
-
New tools for human translators (1997)
0.02
0.024666514 = product of:
0.04933303 = sum of:
0.04933303 = product of:
0.09866606 = sum of:
0.09866606 = weight(_text_:22 in 1179) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.09866606 = score(doc=1179,freq=2.0), product of:
0.18215442 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.05201693 = queryNorm
0.5416616 = fieldWeight in 1179, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1179)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 31. 7.1996 9:22:19
