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Kasprzik, A.: Vorläufer der Internationalen Katalogisierungsprinzipien (2014)
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- Abstract
- Für eine korrekte und zielführende Formalerschließung lassen sich drei Ebenen von Leitlinien definieren: Zielsetzungen, Prinzipien und Regeln der Katalogisierung. Der vorliegende Artikel befasst sich hauptsächlich mit den (möglichen) Zielsetzungen und Prinzipien der Katalogisierung. In der Einleitung der im Jahr 2009 herausgegebenen "Erklärung zu den Internationalen Katalogisierungsprinzipien" (ICP) ist vermerkt, dass die dort vorgelegte Prinzipiensammlung aufbaut auf "den großen Katalogtraditionen der Welt". Diese Traditionen werden dann mit drei Referenzen aus der frühen Fachliteratur belegt: Den Schriften von Charles A. Cutter (1904), Shiyali R. Ranganathan (1955) und Seymour Lubetzky (1969). In diesem Artikel werden nach einem kurzen chronologischen Überblick die drei genannten Publikationen und insbesondere die darin enthaltenen Feststellungen zu Sinn und Zweck von international einheitlichen Prinzipien für die bibliothekarische Formalerschließung in ihren geschichtlichen Kontext eingeordnet und ihr jeweiliger Einfluss auf die diversen existierenden Formulierungen von Zielen und Prinzipien näher beleuchtet. Außerdem werden einige bemerkenswert moderne Gedankengänge in den betreffenden Schriften aufgezeigt. Ein abschließendes Fazit fasst die wichtigsten Zielsetzungen und Prinzipien der Katalogisierung noch einmal mit Bezug auf die verwendete Literatur zur Theorie der Informationsorganisation zusammen.
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Gartner, R.: Metadata : shaping knowledge from antiquity to the semantic web (2016)
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- Abstract
- This book offers a comprehensive guide to the world of metadata, from its origins in the ancient cities of the Middle East, to the Semantic Web of today. The author takes us on a journey through the centuries-old history of metadata up to the modern world of crowdsourcing and Google, showing how metadata works and what it is made of. The author explores how it has been used ideologically and how it can never be objective. He argues how central it is to human cultures and the way they develop. Metadata: Shaping Knowledge from Antiquity to the Semantic Web is for all readers with an interest in how we humans organize our knowledge and why this is important. It is suitable for those new to the subject as well as those know its basics. It also makes an excellent introduction for students of information science and librarianship.
- LCSH
- Information storage and retrieval
- Subject
- Information storage and retrieval
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Dobreski, B.; Kwasnik, B.: Changing depictions of persons in library practice : spirits, pseudonyms, and human books (2017)
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- Abstract
- Among knowledge organizing institutions, libraries have a rich history of depicting persons as information. From personal authority records to descriptions of oral history interviews, libraries have amassed data on persons from a variety of perspectives. Within this set of traditions, however, subtle but significant shifts in practice and conception have occurred, particularly concerning how persons are interpreted and depicted and how such depictions are justified. To explore these issues, we looked to four specific library traditions: authority work, community information, oral history, and "human library" events. Within these traditions, we identified six standards guiding the representation of persons. We performed a content analysis of these standards, along with a semantic alignment and comparison of descriptive elements. From this analysis, we reconstructed an historical timeline and a set of narratives capturing changing definitions of people, a shifting focus from names to identities, and an increasing acceptance of varied sources of justification. Findings show not only a number of critical variations within library practices but also practical and ethical issues concerning the responsibility of libraries as well as the redistribution and reuse of library data on the web.
