-
Rolland-Thomas, P.: Eassai sur la contribution de l'anthropologie culturelle aux fondements de la classification documentaire (1996)
0.00
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- Documentation et bibliothèques. 42(1996) no.1, S.7-18
-
Rayward, W.B.: ¬The origins of information science and the International Institute of Bibliography / International Federation for Information and Documentation (FID) (1997)
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- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 48(1997) no.4, S.289-300
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Olson, H.A.: Exclusivity, teleology and hierarchy : our aristotelean legacy (1999)
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- Knowledge organization. 26(1999) no.2, S.65-73
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Olson, H.A.: Cultural discourse of classification : indigeous alternatives to the tradition of Aristotle, Durkheim, and Foucault (2001)
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- Pages
- S.91-106
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Coleman, A.S.: ¬A code for classifiers : whatever happened to Merrill's code? (2004)
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- Knowledge organization. 31(2004) no.3, S.161-176
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Ranganathan, S.R.: Facet analysis: fundamental categories (1985)
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- Abstract
- Among the theorists in the field of subject analysis in the twentieth century, none has been more influential than S. R. Ranganathan (1892-1972) of India, a mathematician by training who turned to librarianship and made some of the most far-reaching contributions to the theory of librarianship in general and subject analysis in particular. Dissatisfied with both the Dewey Decimal Classification and the Universal Decimal Classification, Ranganathan set out to develop his own system. His Colon Classification was first published in 1933 and went through six editions; the seventh edition was in progress when Ranganathan died in 1972. In the course of developing the Colon Classification, Ranganathan formulated a body of classification theory which was published in numerous writings, of which the best known are Elements of Library Classification (1945; 3rd ed., 1962) and Prolegomena to Library Classification (1967). Among the principles Ranganathan established, the most powerful and influential are those relating to facet analysis. Ranganathan demonstrated that facet analysis (breaking down subjects into their component parts) and synthesis (recombining these parts to fit the documents) provide the most viable approach to representing the contents of documents. Although the idea and use of facets, though not always called by that name, have been present for a long time (for instance, in the Dewey Decimal Classification and Charles A. Cutter's Expansive Classification), Ranganathan was the person who systematized the ideas and established principles for them. For his Colon Classification, Ranganathan identified five fundamental categories: Personality (P), Material (M), Energy (E), Space (S) and Time (T) and the citation order PMEST based an the idea of decreasing concreteness.
- Footnote
- Original in: Ranganathan, S.R.: Elements of library classification. 3rd ed. Bombay: Asia Publishing House 1962. S.82-89
- Pages
- S.86-93
-
Kleineberg, M.: ¬Die elementaren Formen der Klassifikation : ein strukturgenetischer Beitrag zur Informationsgeschichte (2012)
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- 145 S
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Furner, J.: Classification of the sciences in Greco-Roman Antiquity (2021)
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- Knowledge organization. 48(2021) no.7/8, S.499-534
-
Bliss, H.E.: ¬A bibliographic classification : principles and definitions (1985)
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- Abstract
- Henry Evelyn Bliss (1870-1955) devoted several decades of his life to the study of classification and the development of the Bibliographic Classification scheme while serving as a librarian in the College of the City of New York. In the course of the development of the Bibliographic Classification, Bliss developed a body of classification theory published in a number of articles and books, among which the best known are The Organization of Knowledge and the System of the Sciences (1929), Organization of Knowledge in Libraries and the Subject Approach to Books (1933; 2nd ed., 1939), and the lengthy preface to A Bibliographic Classification (Volumes 1-2, 1940; 2nd ed., 1952). In developing the Bibliographic Classification, Bliss carefully established its philosophical and theoretical basis, more so than was attempted by the makers of other classification schemes, with the possible exception of S. R. Ranganathan (q.v.) and his Colon Classification. The basic principles established by Bliss for the Bibliographic Classification are: consensus, collocation of related subjects, subordination of special to general and gradation in specialty, and the relativity of classes and of classification (hence alternative location and alternative treatment). In the preface to the schedules of A Bibliographic Classification, Bliss spells out the general principles of classification as weIl as principles specifically related to his scheme. The first volume of the schedules appeared in 1940. In 1952, he issued a second edition of the volume with a rewritten preface, from which the following excerpt is taken, and with the addition of a "Concise Synopsis," which is also included here to illustrate the principles of classificatory structure. In the excerpt reprinted below, Bliss discusses the correlation between classes, concepts, and terms, as weIl as the hierarchical structure basic to his classification scheme. In his discussion of cross-classification, Bliss recognizes the "polydimensional" nature of classification and the difficulties inherent in the two-dimensional approach which is characteristic of linear classification. This is one of the earliest works in which the multidimensional nature of classification is recognized. The Bibliographic Classification did not meet with great success in the United States because the Dewey Decimal Classification and the Library of Congress Classification were already weIl ensconced in American libraries by then. Nonetheless, it attracted considerable attention in the British Commonwealth and elsewhere in the world. A committee was formed in Britain which later became the Bliss Classification Association. A faceted edition of the scheme has been in preparation under the direction of J. Mills and V. Broughton. Several parts of this new edition, entitled Bliss Bibliographic Classification, have been published.
- Footnote
- Original in: Bliss, H.E.: A bibliographic classification extended by systematic auxuliary schedules for composite specification and notation. vols 1-2. 2nd ed. New York: Wilson 1952. S.3-11.
- Pages
- S.75-85
-
Holiday, J.: Subject access: new technology and philosophical perspectives (1989)
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- Pages
- S.99-108
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Ranganathan, S.R.: Library classification through a century (1965)
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- S.15-35
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Béthery, A.: Liberté bien ordonnée : les classifications encyclopédiques revues et corrigées (1988)
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- Source
- Bulletin des bibliothèques de France. 33(1988) no.6, S.450-455
-
Sukiasyan, E.: Classification systems in their historical development : problems of typology and terminology (1998)
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- S.72-79
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Rafferty, P.: ¬The representation of knowledge in library classification schemes (2001)
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- Knowledge organization. 28(2001) no.4, S.180-191
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Lee, H.-L.: Origins of the main classes in the first Chinese bibliographic classification (2008)
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- Pages
- S.275-281
-
Olson, H.A.: Earthly order and the oneness of mysticism : Hugh of Saint Victor and medieval classification of wisdom (2010)
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- Knowledge organization. 37(2010) no.2, S.121-138
-
Olson, H.A.: Hegel's epistemograph, classification, and Spivak's postcolonial reason (2010)
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- Pages
- S.23-30
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Favier, L.; Mustafa El Hadi, W.: From text to image : the concept of universality in the knowledge organization system designed by Paul Otlet and the International Institute of Bibliography (2012)
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- S.220-228
-
Hansson, J.: ¬The materiality of knowledge organization : epistemology, metaphors and society (2013)
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- Knowledge organization. 40(2013) no.6, S.384-391
-
Krishnamurthy, M.; Satija, M.P.; Martínez-Ávila, D.: Classification of classifications : species of library classifications (2024)
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- Abstract
- Acknowledging the importance of classification not only for library and information science but also for the study and mapping of the world phenomena, in this paper we revisit and systematize the main types of classifications and focus on the species of classification mainly drawing on the work of S. R. Ranganathan. We trace the evolution of library classification systems by their structures and modes of design of various shades of classification systems and make a comparative study of enumerative and faceted species of library classifications. The value of this paper is to have a picture of the whole spectrum of existing classifications, which may serve for the study of future developments and constructions of new systems. This paper updates previous works by Comaromi and Ranganathan and is also theoretically inspired by them.
