-
Krooks, D.A.; Lancaster, F.W.: ¬The evolution of guidelines for thesaurus construction (1993)
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- Source
- Libri. 43(1993) no.4, S.326-342
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Gil-Leiva, I.; Munoz, V.R.: ¬Los origines del almacenamiento y recuperacion de informacion (1996)
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- Boletin de la Asociacion Andaluza de Bibliotecarios. 12(1996) no.42, S.9-18
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Hall, J.L.; Bawden, D.: Online retrieval history : how it all began (2011)
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- Journal of documentation. 67(2011) no.1, S.182-193
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Heuvel, C. van den: Web 2.0 and the Semantic Web in research from a historical perspective : the designs of Paul Otlet (1868-1944) for telecommunication and machine readable documentation to organize research and society (2009)
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- Abstract
- Tim Berners-Lee described in Weaving the Web his future vision of the World Wide Web in two parts. In the first one, nowadays called Web 2.0, people collaborate and enrich data together in a shared information space. In the second part, exchanges extend to computers, resulting in a "Semantic Web" (Berners-Lee 2000a, 157). Most historical studies of World Wide Web begin with the American roots of the Internet in ARPANET or follow a historiographical line of post war information revolutionaries, from Vannevar Bush to Tim Berners-Lee. This paper follows an alternative line. At the end of the nineteenth and in the first decades of the twentieth century various European scholars, like Patrick Geddes, Paul Otlet, Otto Neurath, and Wilhelm Ostwald explored the organisation, enrichment and dissemination of knowledge on a global level to come to a peaceful, universal society. We focus on Paul Otlet (1868-1944) who developed a knowledge infrastructure to update information mechanically and manually in collaboratories of scholars. First the Understanding Infrastructure (2007) report, that Paul N. Edwards et al. wrote on behalf of NSF, will be used to position Otlet's knowledge organization in their sketched development from information systems to information internetworks or webs. Secondly, the relevance of Otlet's knowledge infrastructure will be assessed for Web 2.0 and Semantic Web applications for research. The hypothesis will be put forward that the instruments and protocols envisioned by Otlet to enhance collaborative knowledge production, can still be relevant for current conceptualizations of "scientific authority" in data sharing and annotation in Web 2.0 applications and the modeling of the Semantic Web.
- Source
- Knowledge organization. 36(2009) no.4, S.214-226
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- a
-
Heuvel, C. van den; Rayward, W.B.: Facing interfaces : Paul Otlet's visualizations of data integration (2011)
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- Abstract
- Most historical explanations of interfaces are technological and start with the computer age. We propose a different approach by focusing on the history of library and information sciences, particularly on the case of Paul Otlet (1868-1944). Otlet's attempts to integrate and distribute knowledge imply the need for interfaces, and his conceptualizations are reminiscent of modern versions of interfaces that are intended to facilitate manual and mechanical data integration and enrichment. Our discussion is based on a selection from the hundreds of images of what we may think of as "interfaces" that Otlet made or commissioned during his life. We examine his designs for interfaces that involve bibliographic cards, that allow data enrichment, his attempts to visualize interfaces between the sciences and between universal and personal classifications, and even his attempts to create interfaces to the world. In particular, we focus on the implications of Otlet's dissection of the organization of the book for the creation of interfaces to a new order of public knowledge. Our view is that the creative ways in which he faces tensions of scalability, representation, and perception of relationships between knowledge objects might be of interest today.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 62(2011) no.12, S.2313-2326
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- a
-
Silva, C.M.A. da; Ortega, C.D.: Proposals that preceded the call number : shelf arrangement in the Francofone manuals of librarianship from the mid-nineteenth century to 1930 (2017)
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- Abstract
- Shelf arrangement, from a bibliographic perspective, constitutes a reading proposal of the collection to the users as well as a resource for management and access to the documents. However, the centrality of the call number testifies the near forgetfulness of the different proposals that came before it and the role of the collection of documents and the target audience in the elaboration of the organization, in addition to the overlapping of the bibliographic classification to shelf arrangement. This work is justified by the need to restore shelf arrangement, seeking to understand its fundamental aspects from the literature in which the activity was systematized. Thus, this paper aims at contributing to reorient the shelf arrangement as an activity of information organization, exploring its conformation in the Francophone literature, from the midnineteenth century up to the 1930s. As for the methodology, this is an exploratory research made possible through the historical-conceptual investigation of shelf arrangement found in the Francophone manuals of librarianship of that period. This study concludes that the activity was placed by that line since the nineteenth century, when its own terminology was developed under the consideration of the intervention of the contexts, using methods and guided by the diversity of proposals.
- Source
- Knowledge organization. 44(2017) no.8, S.605-614
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- a
-
Delsaerdt, P.: Designing the space of linguistic knowledge : a typographic analysis of sixteenth-century dictionaries (2012)
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- Abstract
- Scrutinizing the ways in which early printed reference works were designed is a way of bringing typography and book history into the domain of library and information science. The core subject of this discipline is the concept of user-oriented organization of knowledge; it has a close connection to information-seeking behavior and retrieval. By studying the typographic arrangement of knowledge in early printed reference works, one can approach the history of the storage, organization, and retrieval of scientific information. The article discusses the typographic "architecture" of the dictionaries published by the Antwerp printer Christophe Plantin and, more specifically, the three dictionaries of the Dutch language compiled by Plantin's learned proofreader Cornelis Kiliaan (ca. 1530-1607). Kiliaan was one of the first authors to introduce etymology and comparative linguistics into his dictionaries. By analyzing the typographic macrostructures and microstructures of his works, it is possible to discover the lines along which they developed-in the words of Paul Valéry-into machines à savoir. The article also compares Plantin's dictionaries with the international benchmark for lexicographic publishing in the Renaissance world, viz. the translation dictionaries compiled and printed by the Parisian publisher Robert Estienne.
- Source
- Library trends. 61(2012) no.2, S.325-346
- Type
- a
-
Smith, S.E.: On the shoulders of giants : from Boole to Shannon to Taube: the origins and development of computerized information from the mid-19th century to the present (1993)
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- Abstract
- This article desribes the evolvement of computerized information storage and retrieval, from its beginnings in the theoretical works on logic by George Boole in the mid-nineteenth century, to the application of Boole's logic to switching circuits by Claude Shannon in the late 1930s, and the development of coordinate indexing by Mortimer Taube in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Thus, electronic storage and retrieval of information, as we know it today, was the result of two major achievements: the advancement of computer technology initiated to a large extend by the work of Shannon, and the development of coordinate indexing and retrieval by the work of Taube. Both these achievements are based on and are the application of the theoretical works of George Boole
- Source
- Information technology and libraries. 12(1993) no.2, S.217-226
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- a
-
Guthrie, L.S.: ¬An overview of medieval library cataloging (1992)
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- Abstract
- This paper attempts to summarize the rich and interesting history of cataloging in Medieval monastic libraries, when the production of books was in its infancy. It discusses some of these early practices when books were few in number and very valuable to the community. In the beginning, catalogs were mostly inventory lists of treasures, not used for research direction. Only the librarian or armarius was consulted for research direction. Complicating these practices was the fact that several "books" were often bound together in the same binding which would have hindered subject cataoging. As books' value evolved toward their subject matter rather than their value as physical objects, and the catalog grew from an inventory list for the librarian toward a guide for patrons, and the rudimentary inventory practices grew toward the modern research direction-oriented cataloging methods, the medieval catalog approached the modern catalog in purpose and content.
- Source
- Cataloging and classification quarterly. 15(1992) no.3, S.93-100
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- a
-
Ledl, A.: Qualität in der Inhaltserschließung : ein Überblick aus 50 Jahren (1970-2020) (2021)
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- Pages
- S.19-34
- Type
- a
-
Heinrich, G.: Klassifikatorische Sacherschließung in deutschen Bibliotheken (1978)
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- Pages
- S.33-52
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- a
-
Bell, H.K.: History of indexing societies : Pt.3: Society of Indexers 1968-1977 (1998)
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- Source
- Indexer. 21(1998) no.1, S.33-36
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- a
-
Buckland, M.K.: Interrogating spatial analogies relating to knowledge organization : Paul Otlet and others (2012)
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- Source
- Library trends. 61(2012) no.2, S.271-285
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- a
-
Rayward, W.B.: Visions of Xanadu : Paul Otlet (1868-1944) and hypertext (1994)
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- Abstract
- The work of the Belgian internationalist and documentalist, Paul Otlet (1868-1944), and his colleagues in Brussles, forms an important and neglected part of the history of information science. They developed a complex of organizations that are similar in important respects functionally to contemporary hypertext/hypermedia systems. These organizations effectively provided for the integration on bibliographic, image and textual databases. Chunks of text on cards or separate sheets were created according to 'the monographic principle' and their physical organization managed by the UDC, created by the Belgians from Melvil Dewey's DDC. This article discusses Otlet's concept of the Office of Documentation and, as examples of an approach to actual hypertext systems, several special Offices of Documentation set up in the International Office of Bibliography. In his Traité de Documentation of 1934, one of the first systematic treatises on what today we would call information science, Otlet speculated imaginatively about telecommunications, text-voice conversion, and what is needed in computer workstations, though of course he does not use this terminology. By assessing how the intellectual paradigm of 19th century positivism shaped Otlet's thinking, this study suggests how, despite its apparent contemporaneity, what he proposed was in fact conceptually different from the hypertext systems that have been developed or speculated about today. Such as analysis paradoxically also suggests the irony that a 'deconstructionist' reading of accounts of theses systems might find embedded in them the postivist approach to knowledge that the system designers would seem on the face of it explicitely to have repudiated
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 45(1994) no.4, S.235-250
- Type
- a
-
Dahlberg, I.: International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO) (2009)
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- Abstract
- The aims, tasks, activities, and achievements of the International Society for Knowledge Organization (1989-) are presented. ISKO is that group of scholars and practitioners who feel responsible for questions pertaining to the conceptual organization and processing of knowledge, the scientific bases of which lie in knowledge drawn from the fields of logic, organization science, psychology, science theory, informatics, semiotics, linguistics, and philosophy. It aims at giving advice in the construction, perfection, and application of such organizational tools as classification systems, taxonomies, thesauri, terminologies, as well as their use for indexing purposes and thereby for the retrieval of information. Events leading up to the founding of ISKO in 1989 are described. The aims and objectives of ISKO according to its statutes are mentioned, as well as its organization, its biennial international conferences with their proceedings volumes, and the establishment of a further conference series and a textbook series. The drive and success of coordinators in establishing chapters in many countries is reviewed as well. The activities of the chapters (mainly by their own meetings and conferences) and subsequently their publications during the past years are also included. The idea and structure of ISKO's official journal-Knowledge Organization-is explained, and ISKO's Web site is given. Finally, the need for the Society is discussed, and its possible future is considered.
- Pages
- S.2941-2949
- Type
- a
-
Van Acker, W.: Rethinking the architecture of the book : unbinding the spine of Paul Otlet's positivist encyclopaedism (2018)
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- Source
- Knowledge organization. 45(2018) no.4, S.281-291
- Type
- a
