-
Silva, C.M.A. da; Ortega, C.D.: Proposals that preceded the call number : shelf arrangement in the Francofone manuals of librarianship from the mid-nineteenth century to 1930 (2017)
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- Abstract
- Shelf arrangement, from a bibliographic perspective, constitutes a reading proposal of the collection to the users as well as a resource for management and access to the documents. However, the centrality of the call number testifies the near forgetfulness of the different proposals that came before it and the role of the collection of documents and the target audience in the elaboration of the organization, in addition to the overlapping of the bibliographic classification to shelf arrangement. This work is justified by the need to restore shelf arrangement, seeking to understand its fundamental aspects from the literature in which the activity was systematized. Thus, this paper aims at contributing to reorient the shelf arrangement as an activity of information organization, exploring its conformation in the Francophone literature, from the midnineteenth century up to the 1930s. As for the methodology, this is an exploratory research made possible through the historical-conceptual investigation of shelf arrangement found in the Francophone manuals of librarianship of that period. This study concludes that the activity was placed by that line since the nineteenth century, when its own terminology was developed under the consideration of the intervention of the contexts, using methods and guided by the diversity of proposals.
- Theme
- Geschichte der Sacherschließung
-
Heuvel, C. van den: Web 2.0 and the Semantic Web in research from a historical perspective : the designs of Paul Otlet (1868-1944) for telecommunication and machine readable documentation to organize research and society (2009)
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- Abstract
- Tim Berners-Lee described in Weaving the Web his future vision of the World Wide Web in two parts. In the first one, nowadays called Web 2.0, people collaborate and enrich data together in a shared information space. In the second part, exchanges extend to computers, resulting in a "Semantic Web" (Berners-Lee 2000a, 157). Most historical studies of World Wide Web begin with the American roots of the Internet in ARPANET or follow a historiographical line of post war information revolutionaries, from Vannevar Bush to Tim Berners-Lee. This paper follows an alternative line. At the end of the nineteenth and in the first decades of the twentieth century various European scholars, like Patrick Geddes, Paul Otlet, Otto Neurath, and Wilhelm Ostwald explored the organisation, enrichment and dissemination of knowledge on a global level to come to a peaceful, universal society. We focus on Paul Otlet (1868-1944) who developed a knowledge infrastructure to update information mechanically and manually in collaboratories of scholars. First the Understanding Infrastructure (2007) report, that Paul N. Edwards et al. wrote on behalf of NSF, will be used to position Otlet's knowledge organization in their sketched development from information systems to information internetworks or webs. Secondly, the relevance of Otlet's knowledge infrastructure will be assessed for Web 2.0 and Semantic Web applications for research. The hypothesis will be put forward that the instruments and protocols envisioned by Otlet to enhance collaborative knowledge production, can still be relevant for current conceptualizations of "scientific authority" in data sharing and annotation in Web 2.0 applications and the modeling of the Semantic Web.
- Theme
- Geschichte der Sacherschließung
-
Kawamura, K.: Ranganathan and after : Coates' practice and theory (2004)
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- Abstract
- This paper studies the works of Eric Coates who put into practice and advanced Ranganathan's thought mainly through the British National Bibliography, the British Technology Index and the Broad System of Ordering. Following a description of these three systems demonstrated are: (1) how his works are connected with each other, (2) why his achievements should be estimated by a global standard, and (3) which of his contributions will throw light an unsolved problems in knowledge organization. The conclusion is that the underlying conceptual coherence of the work of Coates should be highly regarded as the persistent survival of interest and concem about classification despite its marginalization.
- Series
- Advances in knowledge organization; vol.9
- Theme
- Geschichte der Sacherschließung
-
Dahlberg, I.: International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO) (2009)
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- Abstract
- The aims, tasks, activities, and achievements of the International Society for Knowledge Organization (1989-) are presented. ISKO is that group of scholars and practitioners who feel responsible for questions pertaining to the conceptual organization and processing of knowledge, the scientific bases of which lie in knowledge drawn from the fields of logic, organization science, psychology, science theory, informatics, semiotics, linguistics, and philosophy. It aims at giving advice in the construction, perfection, and application of such organizational tools as classification systems, taxonomies, thesauri, terminologies, as well as their use for indexing purposes and thereby for the retrieval of information. Events leading up to the founding of ISKO in 1989 are described. The aims and objectives of ISKO according to its statutes are mentioned, as well as its organization, its biennial international conferences with their proceedings volumes, and the establishment of a further conference series and a textbook series. The drive and success of coordinators in establishing chapters in many countries is reviewed as well. The activities of the chapters (mainly by their own meetings and conferences) and subsequently their publications during the past years are also included. The idea and structure of ISKO's official journal-Knowledge Organization-is explained, and ISKO's Web site is given. Finally, the need for the Society is discussed, and its possible future is considered.
- Theme
- Geschichte der Sacherschließung
-
Delsaerdt, P.: Designing the space of linguistic knowledge : a typographic analysis of sixteenth-century dictionaries (2012)
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- Abstract
- Scrutinizing the ways in which early printed reference works were designed is a way of bringing typography and book history into the domain of library and information science. The core subject of this discipline is the concept of user-oriented organization of knowledge; it has a close connection to information-seeking behavior and retrieval. By studying the typographic arrangement of knowledge in early printed reference works, one can approach the history of the storage, organization, and retrieval of scientific information. The article discusses the typographic "architecture" of the dictionaries published by the Antwerp printer Christophe Plantin and, more specifically, the three dictionaries of the Dutch language compiled by Plantin's learned proofreader Cornelis Kiliaan (ca. 1530-1607). Kiliaan was one of the first authors to introduce etymology and comparative linguistics into his dictionaries. By analyzing the typographic macrostructures and microstructures of his works, it is possible to discover the lines along which they developed-in the words of Paul Valéry-into machines à savoir. The article also compares Plantin's dictionaries with the international benchmark for lexicographic publishing in the Renaissance world, viz. the translation dictionaries compiled and printed by the Parisian publisher Robert Estienne.
- Content
- Beitrag in einem Themenheft: 'Information and Space: Analogies and Metaphors'.
- Theme
- Geschichte der Sacherschließung
-
Tré, G. de; Acker, W. van: Spaces of information modeling, action, and decision making (2012)
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- Abstract
- Nowadays, tremendous information sources are preserved, ranging from those of a traditional nature like libraries and museums to new formats like electronic databases and the World Wide Web. Making these sources consistent, easily accessible, and as complete as possible is challenging. Almost a century ago, people like Paul Otlet were already fully aware of this need and tried to develop ways of making human knowledge more accessible using the resources and technology available at that time. Otlet's ideas about a Universal Network of Documentation and the Universal Book are clear examples of such efforts. Computer science currently provides the means to build digital spaces that consist of (multimedia) information sources connected through the Internet. In this article, we give a nontechnical overview of the current state of the art in information management. Next, we focus on those aspects of Otlet's work that deal with the organization of knowledge and information sources. Then we study the potential connections between Otlet's work and the state of the art of computerized information management from a computer scientist's point of view. Finally, we consider some of the problems and challenges that information management still faces today and what computer science professionals have in common with, and can still learn from, Otlet and his work.
- Content
- Beitrag in einem Themenheft: 'Information and Space: Analogies and Metaphors'.
- Theme
- Geschichte der Sacherschließung
-
Zimmermann, E.: ¬Die Sachkatalogisierung an den deutschen Bibliotheken nach dem Kriege (1950)
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- Theme
- Geschichte der Sacherschließung
-
Förstemann, E.: Systematische, alphabetische, chronologische Anordnung (1884)
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- Theme
- Geschichte der Sacherschließung
-
Hickey, D.J.: Subject analysis: an interpretative survey (1976/77)
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- Theme
- Geschichte der Sacherschließung
-
Clapp, V.: Indexing and abstracting : recent past and lines of future developement (1950)
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- Theme
- Geschichte der Sacherschließung
-
Baer, H.: Bibliothek - Fachbibliothek - Dokumentation : vom Katalog zum automatic information system (1963)
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- Theme
- Geschichte der Sacherschließung
-
Schulte-Albert, H.G.: Classification and thesaurus construction : 1645-1668 (1994)
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- Theme
- Geschichte der Sacherschließung
-
Hofmann, H.: Beiträge zur Sachkatalogisierung (1938)
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- Theme
- Geschichte der Sacherschließung
-
Lubetzky, S.: ¬The function of the catalog (1956)
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- Theme
- Geschichte der Sacherschließung
-
Heuvel, C. van den; Rayward, W.B.: Facing interfaces : Paul Otlet's visualizations of data integration (2011)
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- Abstract
- Most historical explanations of interfaces are technological and start with the computer age. We propose a different approach by focusing on the history of library and information sciences, particularly on the case of Paul Otlet (1868-1944). Otlet's attempts to integrate and distribute knowledge imply the need for interfaces, and his conceptualizations are reminiscent of modern versions of interfaces that are intended to facilitate manual and mechanical data integration and enrichment. Our discussion is based on a selection from the hundreds of images of what we may think of as "interfaces" that Otlet made or commissioned during his life. We examine his designs for interfaces that involve bibliographic cards, that allow data enrichment, his attempts to visualize interfaces between the sciences and between universal and personal classifications, and even his attempts to create interfaces to the world. In particular, we focus on the implications of Otlet's dissection of the organization of the book for the creation of interfaces to a new order of public knowledge. Our view is that the creative ways in which he faces tensions of scalability, representation, and perception of relationships between knowledge objects might be of interest today.
- Theme
- Geschichte der Sacherschließung
-
Miksa, F.L.: Machlup's categories of knowledge as a framework for viewing library and information science history (1985)
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- Theme
- Geschichte der Sacherschließung
