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Umstätter, W.: ¬Die fundamentale Bedeutung der Informations- und Wissensmessung und ihre Beziehung zum System der Planckeinheiten (2006)
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Darnton, R.: Im Besitz des Wissens : Von der Gelehrtenrepublik des 18. Jahrhunderts zum digitalen Google-Monopol (2009)
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Frei, R.: Informationswissenschaftliche Begriffe und Kernprozesse aus Sicht des Radikalen Konstruktivismus (2009)
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Karner, J.: Mailüfterl, Al Chorezmi und Künstliche Intelligenz (1999)
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Schmid, E.: Variationen zu Poppers Drei-Welten-Lehre : Gedanken zu einer phänomenologischen und kulturellen Basis von Poppers drei Welten in Handlungsgemeinschaften (2018)
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Griesbaum, J.: Bürger, Suchverfahren und Analyse-Algorithmen in der politischen Meinungsbildung : Einen breiten gesellschaftlichen Diskurs sicherstellen (2019)
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Jörs, B.: Über den Grundbegriff der "Information" ist weiter zu reden und über die Existenzberechtigung der Disziplin auch : das Verlangen nach einer verständlichen Wissenschaftssprache (2020)
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Jörs, B.: Über den Grundbegriff der "Information" ist weiter zu reden und über die Existenzberechtigung der Disziplin auch : Wie man mit "Information" umgehen sollte: Das Beispiel der Medienforschung (2020)
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Kaser, R.T.: If information wants to be free . . . then who's going to pay for it? (2000)
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- Source
- D-Lib magazine. 6(2000) no.5, xx S
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Hobohm, H.-C.: PI (Philosophy of Information), SE (Social Epistemology) oder Natur, Leben und Evolution : Andere Disziplinen als Orientierungshilfen für die Informationswissenschaft. Was die benachbarten Wissenschaften für die Informationswissenschaft tun können (2019)
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Schmidt, A.P.: ¬Der Wissensnavigator : Das Lexikon der Zukunft (1999)
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Dewald, U.: Aus den Augen, aber nicht aus dem Sinn : Auch ohne funktionierendes Sehzentrum kann das Gehirn visuelle Informationen aufnehmen (2005)
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Internet Privacy : eine multidisziplinäre Bestandsaufnahme / a multidisciplinary analysis: acatech STUDIE (2012)
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- Content
- Vgl. unter: http://www.acatech.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Baumstruktur_nach_Website/Acatech/root/de/Publikationen/Projektberichte/acatech_STUDIE_Internet_Privacy_WEB.pdf. Enthält Auszüge aus: Capurro, R., M, Eldred u. D. Nagel: Digital Whoness: Identity, Privacy and Freedom in the Cyberworld. Frankfurt 2013. Vgl. http://www.capurro.de/floridi.html.
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Jörs, B.: ¬Die Informationswissenschaft ist tot, es lebe die Datenwissenschaft (2019)
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Crane, G.; Jones, A.: Text, information, knowledge and the evolving record of humanity (2006)
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- Abstract
- Consider a sentence such as "the current price of tea in China is 35 cents per pound." In a library with millions of books we might find many statements of the above form that we could capture today with relatively simple rules: rather than pursuing every variation of a statement, programs can wait, like predators at a water hole, for their informational prey to reappear in a standard linguistic pattern. We can make inferences from sentences such as "NAME1 born at NAME2 in DATE" that NAME more likely than not represents a person and NAME a place and then convert the statement into a proposition about a person born at a given place and time. The changing price of tea in China, pedestrian birth and death dates, or other basic statements may not be truth and beauty in the Phaedrus, but a digital library that could plot the prices of various commodities in different markets over time, plot the various lifetimes of individuals, or extract and classify many events would be very useful. Services such as the Syllabus Finder1 and H-Bot2 (which Dan Cohen describes elsewhere in this issue of D-Lib) represent examples of information extraction already in use. H-Bot, in particular, builds on our evolving ability to extract information from very large corpora such as the billions of web pages available through the Google API. Aside from identifying higher order statements, however, users also want to search and browse named entities: they want to read about "C. P. E. Bach" rather than his father "Johann Sebastian" or about "Cambridge, Maryland", without hearing about "Cambridge, Massachusetts", Cambridge in the UK or any of the other Cambridges scattered around the world. Named entity identification is a well-established area with an ongoing literature. The Natural Language Processing Research Group at the University of Sheffield has developed its open source Generalized Architecture for Text Engineering (GATE) for years, while IBM's Unstructured Information Analysis and Search (UIMA) is "available as open source software to provide a common foundation for industry and academia." Powerful tools are thus freely available and more demanding users can draw upon published literature to develop their own systems. Major search engines such as Google and Yahoo also integrate increasingly sophisticated tools to categorize and identify places. The software resources are rich and expanding. The reference works on which these systems depend, however, are ill-suited for historical analysis. First, simple gazetteers and similar authority lists quickly grow too big for useful information extraction. They provide us with potential entities against which to match textual references, but existing electronic reference works assume that human readers can use their knowledge of geography and of the immediate context to pick the right Boston from the Bostons in the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names (TGN), but, with the crucial exception of geographic location, the TGN records do not provide any machine readable clues: we cannot tell which Bostons are large or small. If we are analyzing a document published in 1818, we cannot filter out those places that did not yet exist or that had different names: "Jefferson Davis" is not the name of a parish in Louisiana (tgn,2000880) or a county in Mississippi (tgn,2001118) until after the Civil War.
- Source
- D-Lib magazine. 12(2006) no.3, x S
-
Capurro, R.: Skeptisches Wissensmanagement (2003)
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Rötzer, F.: Computerspiele verbessern die Aufmerksamkeit : Nach einer Untersuchung von Kognitionswissenschaftlern schulen Shooter-Spiele manche Leistungen der visuellen Aufmerksamkeit (2003)
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Reischer, J.: Zeichen - Information - Kommunikation : Analyse und Synthese des Zeichen- und Informationsbegriffs
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Schmid, F.: »Information« ist Syntax, nicht Sinn : Quasisakrale Weltformel (2019)
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