Search (51 results, page 2 of 3)

  • × theme_ss:"Information"
  • × type_ss:"el"
  1. Macedonia, M.: Mit Händen und Füßen (2012) 0.02 
    0.021883616 = product of:
  0.076592654 = sum of:
    0.035093434 = weight(_text_:und in 5168) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.035093434 = score(doc=5168,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.1013361 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.34630734 = fieldWeight in 5168, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5168)
    0.041499224 = weight(_text_:den in 5168) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.041499224 = score(doc=5168,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.13104749 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.866198 = idf(docFreq=6840, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.31667316 = fieldWeight in 5168, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          2.866198 = idf(docFreq=6840, maxDocs=44218)
          0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5168)
  0.2857143 = coord(2/7)
    Abstract
    Eine Fremdsprache zu lernen ist mühsam - etwa wenn es gilt, lange Vokabellisten im Gedächtnis zu behalten. Es geht aber auch anders: Laut Forschern lässt sich durch den Einsatz von Gesten die Lernleistung erheblich steigern.
    Source
    http://www.spektrum.de/news/mit-haenden-und-fuessen/1173260
  2. Darnton, R.: Im Besitz des Wissens : Von der Gelehrtenrepublik des 18. Jahrhunderts zum digitalen Google-Monopol (2009) 0.02 
    0.020830005 = product of:
  0.07290502 = sum of:
    0.029777767 = weight(_text_:und in 2335) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.029777767 = score(doc=2335,freq=8.0), product of:
        0.1013361 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.29385152 = fieldWeight in 2335, product of:
          2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
            8.0 = termFreq=8.0
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2335)
    0.043127254 = weight(_text_:den in 2335) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.043127254 = score(doc=2335,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.13104749 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.866198 = idf(docFreq=6840, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.32909638 = fieldWeight in 2335, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          2.866198 = idf(docFreq=6840, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2335)
  0.2857143 = coord(2/7)
    Abstract
    Wie eine gigantische Informationslandschaft tut sich das Internet vor unseren Augen auf. Und seit sich Google im Herbst letzten Jahres mit den Autoren und Verlegern, die die große Suchmaschine wegen Urheberrechtsverletzung verklagt hatten, auf einen Vergleich geeinigt hat, stellt sich die Frage nach der Orientierung im World Wide Web mit neuer Dringlichkeit. Während der letzten vier Jahre hat Google Millionen von Büchern, darunter zahllose urheberrechtlich geschützte Werke, aus den Beständen großer Forschungsbibliotheken digitalisiert und für die Onlinesuche ins Netz gestellt. Autoren und Verleger machten dagegen geltend, dass die Digitalisierung eine Copyrightverletzung darstelle. Nach langwierigen Verhandlungen einigte man sich auf eine Regelung, die gravierende Auswirkungen darauf haben wird, wie Bücher den Weg zu ihren Lesern finden. . . .
  3. Jörs, B.: Über den Grundbegriff der "Information" ist weiter zu reden und über die Existenzberechtigung der Disziplin auch : die Kapitulation der Informationswissenschaft vor dem eigenen Basisbegriff (2020) 0.02 
    0.016895946 = product of:
  0.059135806 = sum of:
    0.030086353 = weight(_text_:und in 326) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.030086353 = score(doc=326,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.1013361 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.2968967 = fieldWeight in 326, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=326)
    0.029049452 = weight(_text_:den in 326) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.029049452 = score(doc=326,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.13104749 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.866198 = idf(docFreq=6840, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.2216712 = fieldWeight in 326, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          2.866198 = idf(docFreq=6840, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=326)
  0.2857143 = coord(2/7)
    Abstract
    Die Informationswissenschaft, eine Disziplin ohne Theorie, ohne Bezugsrahmen und ohne Klärung ihres Grundbegriffes. Zahlreiche FachvertreterInnen der Informationswissenschaft bereiten erst recht das Feld für Hate Speech und Fake News vor - mit ihrem ungeklärten (Un)begriff der "Information", - mit ihrer Forderung nach "Informationskompetenz", ein Terrain, das eigentlich der Bibliothekswissenschaft zusteht, - mit ihrer Theorielosigkeit, - mit ihrer unkritischen Ablehnung einer ernsthaften Auseinandersetzung sowie - mit ihrem ungeklärten Domänenverständnis.
  4. Frei, R.: Informationswissenschaftliche Begriffe und Kernprozesse aus Sicht des Radikalen Konstruktivismus (2009) 0.01 
    0.014364229 = product of:
  0.050274797 = sum of:
    0.04466665 = weight(_text_:und in 3268) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.04466665 = score(doc=3268,freq=18.0), product of:
        0.1013361 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.4407773 = fieldWeight in 3268, product of:
          4.2426405 = tf(freq=18.0), with freq of:
            18.0 = termFreq=18.0
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3268)
    0.0056081433 = weight(_text_:in in 3268) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.0056081433 = score(doc=3268,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.062193166 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.09017298 = fieldWeight in 3268, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3268)
  0.2857143 = coord(2/7)
    Abstract
    Die Informationswissenschaft beruht auf einer positivistisch-ontologischen Sichtweise, welche eine Realität als beschreib- und erfassbar darstellt. In dieser Arbeit werden die Grundbegriffe und exemplarische Kernprozesse der Informationswissenschaft aus Sicht des Radikalen Konstruktivismus betrachtet, einer Erkenntnistheorie, welche besagt, dass der Mensch seine Wirklichkeit nicht passiv erfährt, sondern aktiv konstruiert. Nach einer kurzen Beschreibung der Informationswissenschaft wird zum Radikalen Konstruktivismus übergeleitet und die daraus folgenden Konsequenzen für Verständigung und Wirklichkeit erläutert. Der konventionellen Anschauung von Daten, Information, Wissen, etc. wird dann diese neue Sichtweise entgegengestellt. Darauf aufbauend werden Informationsverhalten, -pathologien und -prozesse vom radikal-konstruktivistischen Standpunkt aus dargestellt. So sollen der Informationswissenschaft ein breiteres Verständnis für ihren Gegenstandsbereich und zusätzliche Kompetenzen vermittelt werden.
    Content
    Diese Publikation entstand im Rahmen einer Diplomarbeit zum Abschluss als dipl. Informations- und Dokumentationsspezialist FH. Referent: Prof. Dr. Norbert Lang, Korreferent: Dr. Rafael Ball. Vgl. unter: http://www.fh-htwchur.ch/uploads/media/CSI_34_Frei.pdf.
    Imprint
    Chur : Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft
  5. Jörs, B.: ¬Die Informationswissenschaft ist tot, es lebe die Datenwissenschaft (2019) 0.01 
    0.012845492 = product of:
  0.04495922 = sum of:
    0.034384403 = weight(_text_:und in 5879) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.034384403 = score(doc=5879,freq=24.0), product of:
        0.1013361 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.33931053 = fieldWeight in 5879, product of:
          4.8989797 = tf(freq=24.0), with freq of:
            24.0 = termFreq=24.0
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=5879)
    0.010574817 = weight(_text_:in in 5879) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.010574817 = score(doc=5879,freq=16.0), product of:
        0.062193166 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.17003182 = fieldWeight in 5879, product of:
          4.0 = tf(freq=16.0), with freq of:
            16.0 = termFreq=16.0
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=5879)
  0.2857143 = coord(2/7)
    Abstract
    "Haben die "Daten" bzw. die "Datenwissenschaft" (Data Science) die "Information" bzw. die Informationswissenschaft obsolet gemacht? Hat die "Data Science" mit ihren KI-gestützten Instrumenten die ökonomische und technische Herrschaft über die "Daten" und damit auch über die "Informationen" und das "Wissen" übernommen? Die meist in der Informatik/Mathematik beheimatete "Data Science" hat die wissenschaftliche Führungsrolle übernommen, "Daten" in "Informationen" und "Wissen" zu transferieren." "Der Wandel von analoger zu digitaler Informationsverarbeitung hat die Informationswissenschaft im Grunde obsolet gemacht. Heute steht die Befassung mit der Kategorie "Daten" und deren kausaler Zusammenhang mit der "Wissens"-Generierung (Erkennung von Mustern und Zusammenhängen, Prognosefähigkeit usw.) und neuronalen Verarbeitung und Speicherung im Zentrum der Forschung." "Wäre die Wissenstreppe nach North auch für die Informationswissenschaft gültig, würde sie erkennen, dass die Befassung mit "Daten" und die durch Vorwissen ermöglichte Interpretation von "Daten" erst die Voraussetzungen schaffen, "Informationen" als "kontextualisierte Daten" zu verstehen, um "Informationen" strukturieren, darstellen, erzeugen und suchen zu können."
    Content
    Fortsetzungen in: Teil 2: Open Password, Nr.542 vom 08.04.2019 u.d.T.: In(formations)kompetenz versus Datenkompetenz [https://www.password-online.de/?wysija-page=1&controller=email&action=view&email_id=678&wysijap=subscriptions]; Teil 3: Open Password, Nr.548 vom 17.04.2019 u.d.T.: Die Informationswissenschaft auf dem Weg zu einer Randdisziplin: Theorielosigkeit, keine Problemlösungen, Ausbildung zu Universal-Dilettanten, diszplinäre Heimatlosigkeit. Zur Kommunikations- und Angebotslücke zwischen Hochschullehrern und Studiengangsinteressierten [https://www.password-online.de/?wysija-page=1&controller=email&action=view&email_id=680&wysijap=subscriptions&user_id=1045]. Teil 4: Open Password, Nr.550 vom 24.04.2019 u.d.T.: Kritik der In(formations)kompetenz [https://www.password-online.de/?wysija-page=1&controller=email&action=view&email_id=690&wysijap=subscriptions&user_id=1045]. Teil 5: Open Password, Nr.552 vom 29.04.2019 u.d.T.: Löst die traditionelle Informations-wissenschaft weitgehend auf! Offeriert attraktive Studiengänge, schickt die Bindestrich-Infowissenschaften in ihre Ursprünge zurück! [https://www.password-online.de/?wysija-page=1&controller=email&action=view&email_id=690&wysijap=subscriptions&user_id=1045].
    Footnote
    Vgl. auch die Leserbriefe: Hermann Huemer in Open Password Nr.556 vom 06. Mai 2019 u.d.T.: Datenkompetenz ist auch nicht alles. Anna Knoll in Open Password Nr.557 vom 09. Mai 2019 u.d.T.: Gute Wünsche an eine Informationswissenschaft im Umbruch.
  6. Hesse, W.: Informationsbegriff in Natur- und Kulturwissenschaften : Vorlesung/Seminar im WS 2004/05 (2004) 0.01 
    0.01269724 = product of:
  0.04444034 = sum of:
    0.035093434 = weight(_text_:und in 3058) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.035093434 = score(doc=3058,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.1013361 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.34630734 = fieldWeight in 3058, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3058)
    0.009346906 = weight(_text_:in in 3058) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.009346906 = score(doc=3058,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.062193166 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.15028831 = fieldWeight in 3058, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3058)
  0.2857143 = coord(2/7)
    Abstract
    Enthält eine Darstellung des semiotischen Tetraeders und das Konzept der FRISCO-Gruppe
  7. Irtenkauf, D.; Feustel, R.: "Am Anfang war die Information..." : Der Wissenssoziologe Robert Feustel über die religiösen Tendenzen der Digitalisierung? (Interview) (2019) 0.01 
    0.012569627 = product of:
  0.043993693 = sum of:
    0.034740727 = weight(_text_:und in 4689) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.034740727 = score(doc=4689,freq=8.0), product of:
        0.1013361 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.34282678 = fieldWeight in 4689, product of:
          2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
            8.0 = termFreq=8.0
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4689)
    0.009252965 = weight(_text_:in in 4689) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.009252965 = score(doc=4689,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.062193166 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.14877784 = fieldWeight in 4689, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4689)
  0.2857143 = coord(2/7)
    Abstract
    Robert Feustel hat im Verbrecher Verlag ein Buch veröffentlicht, in dem er religiösen Tendenzen in der Digitalisierung kritisch nachgeht. Die These: Aus dem Konzept "Information" wird im Zuge der Digitalisierung ein Kult gebaut, der zuweilen religiöse Züge annimmt. Manche Autoren und Theoretiker entkoppeln das Thema auf eine Art und Weise, dass beinahe heilsbringende Erwartungen an die heutige Informationsgesellschaft geweckt werden. Anders gesagt: Die Digitalisierung wird zum Allheilmittel, da ihre Grundlagen anscheinend präzise und eindeutig sind. Information ist immer schon da und braucht nicht besonders hinterfragt werden.
  8. Speer, A.: Wovon lebt der Geist? (2016) 0.01 
    0.011960552 = product of:
  0.04186193 = sum of:
    0.034384403 = weight(_text_:und in 3115) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.034384403 = score(doc=3115,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.1013361 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.33931053 = fieldWeight in 3115, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3115)
    0.0074775247 = weight(_text_:in in 3115) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.0074775247 = score(doc=3115,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.062193166 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.120230645 = fieldWeight in 3115, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3115)
  0.2857143 = coord(2/7)
    Abstract
    Geistiges Erkennen ist ohne die Träger des Geistes - z.B. Schriftrollen, Bücher oder digitale Daten - nicht möglich. Die Bibliotheken, in denen sie gesammelt, aufbewahrt und studiert werden, werden somit zu Institutionen des Geistes. Es gilt, all ihre Schätze, ob analog oder digital, zu heben.
    Content
    Vgl.: http://www.forschung-und-lehre.de/wordpress/?p=21895&print=1.
    Source
    Forschung und Lehre. 23(2016) H.9, S.xx-xx
  9. Gödert, W.; Lepsky, K.: Rezeption externalisierten Wissens : ein konstruktivistisches Modell auf der Basis von Poppers Drei Welten und Searles Kollektiver Intentionalität (2018) 0.01 
    0.011239806 = product of:
  0.03933932 = sum of:
    0.030086353 = weight(_text_:und in 5852) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.030086353 = score(doc=5852,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.1013361 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.2968967 = fieldWeight in 5852, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5852)
    0.009252965 = weight(_text_:in in 5852) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.009252965 = score(doc=5852,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.062193166 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.14877784 = fieldWeight in 5852, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5852)
  0.2857143 = coord(2/7)
    Abstract
    Wir stellen ein Modell für die Wissensrezeption aus externalisierten Informationsquellen vor. Das Modell beruht auf einem kognitiven Verständnis von Informationsverarbeitung und greift auf Vorstellungen eines Austausches von Information in Kommunikationsvorgängen zurück. Poppers Drei-Welten-Theorie mit ihrer Orientierung an falsifizierbarem wissenschaftlichen Wissen wird erweitert um Searles Konzept der Kollektiven Intentionalität. Dies erlaubt eine konsistente Beschreibung der Externalisierung und Rezeption von Wissen unter Einschluss von Alltagswissen.
    Content
    Auch unter: DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.21248.07688. Auch in: International Forum on Information. 44(2019) H.4, S.25-35 (http://lamb.viniti.ru/sid2/sid2free?sid2=J18357463. Zunächst auch: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=41860839 bzw. http://www.viniti.ru/products/publications/pub-134048#issues [http://catalog.viniti.ru/srch_result.aspx?IRL=FETCH+QUERY%3d2603664+OBJ%3d01bsmm7z+STYLE%3dFull1&TYP=FULL1]).
  10. Atran, S.; Medin, D.L.; Ross, N.: Evolution and devolution of knowledge : a tale of two biologies (2004) 0.01 
    0.008514363 = product of:
  0.02980027 = sum of:
    0.011216287 = weight(_text_:in in 479) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.011216287 = score(doc=479,freq=8.0), product of:
        0.062193166 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.18034597 = fieldWeight in 479, product of:
          2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
            8.0 = termFreq=8.0
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=479)
    0.018583983 = product of:
      0.037167966 = sum of:
        0.037167966 = weight(_text_:22 in 479) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.037167966 = score(doc=479,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.16010965 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.045721713 = queryNorm
            0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 479, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=479)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.2857143 = coord(2/7)
    Abstract
    Anthropological inquiry suggests that all societies classify animals and plants in similar ways. Paradoxically, in the same cultures that have seen large advances in biological science, citizenry's practical knowledge of nature has dramatically diminished. Here we describe historical, cross-cultural and developmental research on how people ordinarily conceptualize organic nature (folkbiology), concentrating on cognitive consequences associated with knowledge devolution. We show that results on psychological studies of categorization and reasoning from "standard populations" fail to generalize to humanity at large. Usual populations (Euro-American college students) have impoverished experience with nature, which yields misleading results about knowledge acquisition and the ontogenetic relationship between folkbiology and folkpsychology. We also show that groups living in the same habitat can manifest strikingly distinct behaviors, cognitions and social relations relative to it. This has novel implications for environmental decision making and management, including commons problems.
    Date
    23. 1.2022 10:22:18
  11. Stang, R.: Lehr- und Lernraumforschung im Kontext der Informationswissenschaft : Das Learning Research Center der Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart (2019) 0.00 
    0.002835978 = product of:
  0.019851845 = sum of:
    0.019851845 = weight(_text_:und in 5374) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.019851845 = score(doc=5374,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.1013361 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.19590102 = fieldWeight in 5374, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5374)
  0.14285715 = coord(1/7)
  12. Bawden, D.; Robinson, L.: Information and the gaining of understanding (2015) 0.00 
    0.0026437046 = product of:
  0.01850593 = sum of:
    0.01850593 = weight(_text_:in in 893) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.01850593 = score(doc=893,freq=16.0), product of:
        0.062193166 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.29755569 = fieldWeight in 893, product of:
          4.0 = tf(freq=16.0), with freq of:
            16.0 = termFreq=16.0
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=893)
  0.14285715 = coord(1/7)
    Abstract
    It is suggested that, in addition to data, information and knowledge, the information sciences should focus on understanding, understood as a higher-order knowledge, with coherent and explanatory potential. The limited ways in which understanding has been addressed in the design of information systems, in studies of information behaviour, in formulations of information literacy and in impact studies are briefly reviewed, and future prospects considered. The paper is an extended version of a keynote presentation given at the i3 conference in June 2015.
    Content
    Beitrag in einem Special Issue - i3 Conference - Aberdeen - June 2015. Vgl.: http://jis.sagepub.com/content/early/2015/12/14/0165551515621691.
  13. Gigliotti, C.: What children and animals know that we don't (1995) 0.00 
    0.0018883602 = product of:
  0.013218521 = sum of:
    0.013218521 = weight(_text_:in in 3290) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.013218521 = score(doc=3290,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.062193166 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.21253976 = fieldWeight in 3290, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3290)
  0.14285715 = coord(1/7)
    Abstract
    "In this essay, I offer several significant examples of research that deal with animals' and children's perception. These examples come from social science, cognitive thology, and several camps in cognitive science"
  14. Maguire, P.; Maguire, R.: Consciousness is data compression (2010) 0.00 
    0.0018502077 = product of:
  0.012951453 = sum of:
    0.012951453 = weight(_text_:in in 4972) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.012951453 = score(doc=4972,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.062193166 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.2082456 = fieldWeight in 4972, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4972)
  0.14285715 = coord(1/7)
    Abstract
    In this article we advance the conjecture that conscious awareness is equivalent to data compression. Algorithmic information theory supports the assertion that all forms of understanding are contingent on compression (Chaitin, 2007). Here, we argue that the experience people refer to as consciousness is the particular form of understanding that the brain provides. We therefore propose that the degree of consciousness of a system can be measured in terms of the amount of data compression it carries out.
    Content
    Vgl. auch die weiteren Artikel in ResearchGate.
  15. Standage, T.: Information overload is nothing new (2018) 0.00 
    0.0017663995 = product of:
  0.012364795 = sum of:
    0.012364795 = weight(_text_:in in 4473) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.012364795 = score(doc=4473,freq=14.0), product of:
        0.062193166 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.19881277 = fieldWeight in 4473, product of:
          3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
            14.0 = termFreq=14.0
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4473)
  0.14285715 = coord(1/7)
    Content
    "Overflowing inboxes, endlessly topped up by incoming emails. Constant alerts, notifications and text messages on your smartphone and computer. Infinitely scrolling streams of social-media posts. Access to all the music ever recorded, whenever you want it. And a deluge of high-quality television, with new series released every day on Netflix, Amazon Prime and elsewhere. The bounty of the internet is a marvellous thing, but the ever-expanding array of material can leave you feeling overwhelmed, constantly interrupted, unable to concentrate or worried that you are missing out or falling behind. No wonder some people are quitting social media, observing "digital sabbaths" when they unplug from the internet for a day, or buying old-fashioned mobile phones in an effort to avoid being swamped. This phenomenon may seem quintessentially modern, but it dates back centuries, as Ann Blair of Harvard University observes in "Too Much to Know", a history of information overload. Half a millennium ago, the printing press was to blame. "Is there anywhere on Earth exempt from these swarms of new books?" moaned Erasmus in 1525. New titles were appearing in such abundance, thousands every year. How could anyone figure out which ones were worth reading? Overwhelmed scholars across Europe worried that good ideas were being lost amid the deluge. Francisco Sanchez, a Spanish philosopher, complained in 1581 that 10m years was not long enough to read all the books in existence. The German polymath Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz grumbled in 1680 of "that horrible mass of books which keeps on growing"."
  16. Enmark, R.: ¬The non-existent point : on the subject of defining library and information science and the concept of information (1998) 0.00 
    0.0016353679 = product of:
  0.011447575 = sum of:
    0.011447575 = weight(_text_:in in 2027) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.011447575 = score(doc=2027,freq=12.0), product of:
        0.062193166 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.18406484 = fieldWeight in 2027, product of:
          3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
            12.0 = termFreq=12.0
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2027)
  0.14285715 = coord(1/7)
    Abstract
    The primary purpose of this essay if the following: to criticise a discipline-defining concept of information that has its poit of departure in the uncomplicated cognitive metaphor's 'subject/object relationship'. In my understanding, the cognitive channel metaphor is equal to the sender/receiver model, with the addition of the receiver's understanding, as both physical and mental aspects are used in one and the same metaphor: the 'subject' so to speak meets the 'object'. In this essay I will state: (1) that the point at which the 'subject' specifically meets the 'object' does not exist; (2) that the study of that which the non-existing point symbolises is impossible to describe on an general level without becoming trivial; (3) that it is not possible to find an obvious relationship between the sender's statement and the receiver's understanding; and (4) that the study of the 'subject' and the study of the 'object' exist in different methodological and theoretical dimensions: This leads to the conclusion that the cognitive channel metaphorical definition of the discipline of library and information science must preferably be abandoned and that this should take place such: (1) that consideration is taken to the empirical research that is carried out in library and information science and (2) that the research removes itself from the profession's legitimate ambitions for usefulness
  17. Crane, G.; Jones, A.: Text, information, knowledge and the evolving record of humanity (2006) 0.00 
    0.0016353679 = product of:
  0.011447575 = sum of:
    0.011447575 = weight(_text_:in in 1182) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.011447575 = score(doc=1182,freq=48.0), product of:
        0.062193166 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.18406484 = fieldWeight in 1182, product of:
          6.928203 = tf(freq=48.0), with freq of:
            48.0 = termFreq=48.0
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.01953125 = fieldNorm(doc=1182)
  0.14285715 = coord(1/7)
    Abstract
    Consider a sentence such as "the current price of tea in China is 35 cents per pound." In a library with millions of books we might find many statements of the above form that we could capture today with relatively simple rules: rather than pursuing every variation of a statement, programs can wait, like predators at a water hole, for their informational prey to reappear in a standard linguistic pattern. We can make inferences from sentences such as "NAME1 born at NAME2 in DATE" that NAME more likely than not represents a person and NAME a place and then convert the statement into a proposition about a person born at a given place and time. The changing price of tea in China, pedestrian birth and death dates, or other basic statements may not be truth and beauty in the Phaedrus, but a digital library that could plot the prices of various commodities in different markets over time, plot the various lifetimes of individuals, or extract and classify many events would be very useful. Services such as the Syllabus Finder1 and H-Bot2 (which Dan Cohen describes elsewhere in this issue of D-Lib) represent examples of information extraction already in use. H-Bot, in particular, builds on our evolving ability to extract information from very large corpora such as the billions of web pages available through the Google API. Aside from identifying higher order statements, however, users also want to search and browse named entities: they want to read about "C. P. E. Bach" rather than his father "Johann Sebastian" or about "Cambridge, Maryland", without hearing about "Cambridge, Massachusetts", Cambridge in the UK or any of the other Cambridges scattered around the world. Named entity identification is a well-established area with an ongoing literature. The Natural Language Processing Research Group at the University of Sheffield has developed its open source Generalized Architecture for Text Engineering (GATE) for years, while IBM's Unstructured Information Analysis and Search (UIMA) is "available as open source software to provide a common foundation for industry and academia." Powerful tools are thus freely available and more demanding users can draw upon published literature to develop their own systems. Major search engines such as Google and Yahoo also integrate increasingly sophisticated tools to categorize and identify places. The software resources are rich and expanding. The reference works on which these systems depend, however, are ill-suited for historical analysis. First, simple gazetteers and similar authority lists quickly grow too big for useful information extraction. They provide us with potential entities against which to match textual references, but existing electronic reference works assume that human readers can use their knowledge of geography and of the immediate context to pick the right Boston from the Bostons in the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names (TGN), but, with the crucial exception of geographic location, the TGN records do not provide any machine readable clues: we cannot tell which Bostons are large or small. If we are analyzing a document published in 1818, we cannot filter out those places that did not yet exist or that had different names: "Jefferson Davis" is not the name of a parish in Louisiana (tgn,2000880) or a county in Mississippi (tgn,2001118) until after the Civil War.
    Although the Alexandria Digital Library provides far richer data than the TGN (5.9 vs. 1.3 million names), its added size lowers, rather than increases, the accuracy of most geographic name identification systems for historical documents: most of the extra 4.6 million names cover low frequency entities that rarely occur in any particular corpus. The TGN is sufficiently comprehensive to provide quite enough noise: we find place names that are used over and over (there are almost one hundred Washingtons) and semantically ambiguous (e.g., is Washington a person or a place?). Comprehensive knowledge sources emphasize recall but lower precision. We need data with which to determine which "Tribune" or "John Brown" a particular passage denotes. Secondly and paradoxically, our reference works may not be comprehensive enough. Human actors come and go over time. Organizations appear and vanish. Even places can change their names or vanish. The TGN does associate the obsolete name Siam with the nation of Thailand (tgn,1000142) - but also with towns named Siam in Iowa (tgn,2035651), Tennessee (tgn,2101519), and Ohio (tgn,2662003). Prussia appears but as a general region (tgn,7016786), with no indication when or if it was a sovereign nation. And if places do point to the same object over time, that object may have very different significance over time: in the foundational works of Western historiography, Herodotus reminds us that the great cities of the past may be small today, and the small cities of today great tomorrow (Hdt. 1.5), while Thucydides stresses that we cannot estimate the past significance of a place by its appearance today (Thuc. 1.10). In other words, we need to know the population figures for the various Washingtons in 1870 if we are analyzing documents from 1870. The foundations have been laid for reference works that provide machine actionable information about entities at particular times in history. The Alexandria Digital Library Gazetteer Content Standard8 represents a sophisticated framework with which to create such resources: places can be associated with temporal information about their foundation (e.g., Washington, DC, founded on 16 July 1790), changes in names for the same location (e.g., Saint Petersburg to Leningrad and back again), population figures at various times and similar historically contingent data. But if we have the software and the data structures, we do not yet have substantial amounts of historical content such as plentiful digital gazetteers, encyclopedias, lexica, grammars and other reference works to illustrate many periods and, even if we do, those resources may not be in a useful form: raw OCR output of a complex lexicon or gazetteer may have so many errors and have captured so little of the underlying structure that the digital resource is useless as a knowledge base. Put another way, human beings are still much better at reading and interpreting the contents of page images than machines. While people, places, and dates are probably the most important core entities, we will find a growing set of objects that we need to identify and track across collections, and each of these categories of objects will require its own knowledge sources. The following section enumerates and briefly describes some existing categories of documents that we need to mine for knowledge. This brief survey focuses on the format of print sources (e.g., highly structured textual "database" vs. unstructured text) to illustrate some of the challenges involved in converting our published knowledge into semantically annotated, machine actionable form.
  18. Hesse, W.; Verrijn-Stuart, A.: Towards a theory of information systems : the FRISCO approach (1999) 0.00 
    0.0016353679 = product of:
  0.011447575 = sum of:
    0.011447575 = weight(_text_:in in 3059) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.011447575 = score(doc=3059,freq=12.0), product of:
        0.062193166 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.18406484 = fieldWeight in 3059, product of:
          3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
            12.0 = termFreq=12.0
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3059)
  0.14285715 = coord(1/7)
    Abstract
    Information Systems (IS) is among the most widespread terms in the Computer Science field but a well founded, widely accepted theory of IS is still missing. With the Internet publication of the FRISCO report, the IFIP task group "FRamework of Information System COncepts" has taken a first step towards such a theory. Among the major achievements of this report are: (1) it builds on a solid basis formed by semiotics and ontology, (2) it defines a compendium of about 100 core IS concepts in a coherent and consistent way, (3) it goes beyond the common narrow view of information systems as pure technical artefacts by adopting an interdisciplinary, socio-technical view on them. In the autumn of 1999, a first review of the report and its impact was undertaken at the ISCO-4 conference in Leiden. In a workshop specifically devoted to the subject, the original aims and goals of FRISCO were confirmed to be still valid and the overall approach and achievements of the report were acknowledged. On the other hand, the workshop revealed some misconceptions, errors and weaknesses of the report in its present form, which are to be removed through a comprehensive revision now under way. This paper reports on the results of the Leiden conference and the current revision activities. It also points out some important consequences of the FRISCO approach as a whole.
  19. Lehmann, K.: Unser Gehirn kartiert auch Beziehungen räumlich (2015) 0.00 
    0.0016353679 = product of:
  0.011447575 = sum of:
    0.011447575 = weight(_text_:in in 2146) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.011447575 = score(doc=2146,freq=12.0), product of:
        0.062193166 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.18406484 = fieldWeight in 2146, product of:
          3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
            12.0 = termFreq=12.0
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2146)
  0.14285715 = coord(1/7)
    Footnote
    Vgl. Original unter: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627315005243: "Morais Tavares, R., A. Mendelsohn, Y.Grossman, C.H. Williams, M. Shapiro, Y. Trope u. D. Schiller: A Map for Social Navigation in the Human Brain" in. Neuron 87(2015) no.1, S,231-243. [Deciphering the neural mechanisms of social behavior has propelled the growth of social neuroscience. The exact computations of the social brain, however, remain elusive. Here we investigated how the human br ain tracks ongoing changes in social relationships using functional neuroimaging. Participants were lead characters in a role-playing game in which they were to find a new home and a job through interactions with virtual cartoon characters. We found that a two-dimensional geometric model of social relationships, a "social space" framed by power and affiliation, predicted hippocampal activity. Moreover, participants who reported better social skills showed stronger covariance between hippocampal activity and "movement" through "social space." The results suggest that the hippocampus is crucial for social cognition, and imply that beyond framing physical locations, the hippocampus computes a more general, inclusive, abstract, and multidimensional cognitive map consistent with its role in episodic memory.].
  20. Mayes, T.: Hypermedia and cognitive tools (1995) 0.00 
    0.0016189317 = product of:
  0.011332521 = sum of:
    0.011332521 = weight(_text_:in in 3289) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.011332521 = score(doc=3289,freq=6.0), product of:
        0.062193166 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.045721713 = queryNorm
        0.1822149 = fieldWeight in 3289, product of:
          2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
            6.0 = termFreq=6.0
          1.3602545 = idf(docFreq=30841, maxDocs=44218)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3289)
  0.14285715 = coord(1/7)
    Abstract
    Hypermedia and multimedia have been placed rather uncritically at the centre of current developments in learning technology. This paper seeks to ask some fundamental questions about how learning is best supported by hypermedia, and concludes that the most successful aspects are not those normally emphasized. A striking observation is that the best learning experience is enjoyed by hypermedia courseware authors rather that students. This is understandable from a constructivist view of learning, in which the key aim is to engage the learner in carrying out a task which leads to better comprehension. Deep learning is a by-product of comprehension. The paper discusses some approaches to designing software - cognitive tools for learning - which illustrate the constructivist approach

Authors

Years

Languages

  • d 31
  • e 20

Types

  • a 26
  • m 3
  • x 2
  • i 1
  • More… Less…

Themes

Subjects

Classifications