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Gödert, W.; Lepsky, K.: Informationelle Kompetenz : ein humanistischer Entwurf (2019) 0.29

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Footnote: Rez. in: Philosophisch-ethische Rezensionen vom 09.11.2019 (Jürgen Czogalla), Unter: https://philosophisch-ethische-rezensionen.de/rezension/Goedert1.html. In: B.I.T. online 23(2020) H.3, S.345-347 (W. Sühl-Strohmenger) [Unter: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.b-i-t-online.de%2Fheft%2F2020-03-rezensionen.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0iY3f_zNcvEjeZ6inHVnOK]. In: Open Password Nr. 805 vom 14.08.2020 (H.-C. Hobohm) [Unter: https://www.password-online.de/?mailpoet_router&endpoint=view_in_browser&action=view&data=WzE0MywiOGI3NjZkZmNkZjQ1IiwwLDAsMTMxLDFd].

Edelman, G.M.: Göttliche Luft, vernichtendes Feuer : wie der Geist im Gehirn entsteht - die revolutionäre Vision des Medizin-Nobelpreisträgers (1995) 0.04

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RSWK: Leib-Seele-Problem (BVB)
Subject: Leib-Seele-Problem (BVB)

Wersig, G.: Fokus Mensch : Bezugspunkte postmoderner Wissenschaft; Wissen, Kommunikation, Kultur (1993) 0.03

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Abstract: Die neuen Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien sind eine fundamentale Herausforderung für Gesellschaft, Kultur und menschliches Selbstverständnis. Sie werden erhebliche Veränderungen bewirken und damit die Umbruchphase von der Moderne in die Postmoderne zusätzlich belasten. Wissenschaft ist hier aufgefordert, den Menschen neue Orientierungen zu geben. Dazu bedarf es eines neuen Verständnisses von problem-getriebener Wissenschaft, wie es sich etwa in der Informationswissenschaft entwickelt hat. Die theoretische Basis einer solchen 'Menschenwissenschaft' erfordert ein weit über Systemtheorien hinausgehendes Verständnis vom Menschen. Dies wird hier unter Bezugnahme auf vorliegende Erkenntnisse zu Gehirn und Kognition entwickelt: der Mensch als handlungsorientierter Komplex, dessen Zielstruktur vor allem durch seine zeitliche Finalität bestimmt ist. Dies eröffnet auch neue Perspektiven für die Weiterentwicklung von Kommunikationstheorie
Content: Informationstechnik als gesellschaftliche Herausforderung; Leib-Seele-Probleme; Bruchstellen der Kultur; Übergang zur Postmoderne; Wissen und Lebensstil; Neue Wissenschaftlichkeit, Pragmatismus, Informationswissenschaft; Systemtheorie; Modellierung zeitlich-orientierter Handlungskomplexe; Neue Ansätze zur Kommunikationstheorie

Tononi, G.: Phi : a voyage from the brain to the soul (2012) 0.03

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RSWK: Bewusstsein / Gehirn / Physiologie / Leib-Seele-Problem
Subject: Bewusstsein / Gehirn / Physiologie / Leib-Seele-Problem

Roth, G.: ¬Das Gehirn und seine Wirklichkeit : kognitive Neurobiologie und ihre philosophischen Konsequenzen (1994) 0.02

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RSWK: Leib-Seele-Problem (BVB)
Subject: Leib-Seele-Problem (BVB)

Görnitz, T.; Görnitz, B.: ¬Der kreative Kosmos : Geist und Materie aus Information (2002) 0.02
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Footnote

Durch die Bildung von neuen, räumlich ausgedehnten Quantenzuständen aus ursprünglich getrennten Zuständen könne schließlich zum einen das »Bindungsproblem« der Hirnforschung gelöst werden, wie nämlich Informationen über ein Objekt an unterschiedlichen Orten im Gehirn zusammengefasst und als Einheit erlebt werden können. Zum anderen enthielten solche kombinierten Quantenzustände die Antworten auf gänzlich neue »Fragen«. Diese Antworten könnten bei Feststellungen oder Entscheidungen zu Fakten werden, die in den Ausgangszuständen gar nicht enthalten waren. So könne im Rahmen der Quantenphysik tatsächlich Neues entstehen. Wie der Titel andeutet, geht das Buch über die hier geschilderten Aspekte hinaus. Es verankert den universellen Informationsbegriff in der Kosmologie, nach dem Vorbild Carl Friedrich von Weizsäckers, dessen Ure in der heutigen Terminologie zu Quantenbits geworden sind, und zeichnet die Evolution der Information von der Strukturbildung in der Natur bis zur Schaffung von Bedeutung in Gehirnen nach. Gleichzeitig sucht es in den Arbeiten von Sigmund Freud und Carl Gustav Jung nach Analogien zur Quantentheorie, versucht etwa das »kollektive Unbewusste« Jungs mit der Quanteninformation im Unbewussten in Beziehung zu setzen. Das Buch ist für einen breiten Leserkreis geschrieben und auch tatsächlich geeignet. Seine Stärke liegt darin, dass es aus einer tiefen Kenntnis der Quantentheorie heraus entstanden ist und deren Möglichkeiten konsequent weiterdenkt. Wenn man dabei auch nicht jedem Argument folgen oder jede Analogie für plausibel halten mag, so ist doch insgesamt ein konsistenter Rahmen geschaffen, der sogar experimentell - durch Introspektion - überprüft werden kann, noch bevor zukünftige Messmethoden Quantenzustände in Gehirnen nachweisen können. Eine wesentliche Frage wird dann sein, ob es im Gehirn makroskopisch ausgedehnte Quantenzustände gibt. Dies dürften viele Physiker bezweifeln. Die Autoren vermuten vor allem Photonen, also elektromagnetische Felder, als Träger von Quanteninformation. Damit haben sich die Autoren nichts weniger vorgenommen als eine Lösung des notorischen Leib-Seele-Problems: Ist alles Denken Folge physiologischer Prozesse und wegen deren Determiniertheit die erlebte Freiheit des Geistes eine Illusion, oder muss man zu einem nichtkausalen Dualismus zwischen Geist und Materie übergehen? Die meisten Naturwissenschaftler wählen die erste Alternative, einige wenige die zweite - und die Autoren eine dritte. Sie erklären die Information zur primären Substanz, räumen Gedanken und anderen erlebten Zuständen denselben Status ein wie materiellen Einheiten; die Kausalität bleibt erhalten, indem die Quantenmechanik zur grundlegenden Theorie der Information erhoben wird. Damit können nicht nur körperliche Zustände zur Ursache von Gedanken werden, sondern insbesondere auch Gedanken körperliche Zustände verursachen. Gibt es in diesem Rahmen eine Chance für die Freiheit des Denkens und Wollens? Die Autoren sehen sie in dem Wechselspiel von durch Fakten bestimmter Notwendigkeit und dem neue Möglichkeiten eröffnenden Zufall, wie es in der Schichtenstruktur von klassischer und Quantenphysik vorgeprägt sei. Diese Antwort vermag zwar noch nicht zu überzeugen. Vermutlich ist es aber auch gar nicht die Aufgabe der Naturwissenschaft, die Freiheit des Menschen zu erklären oder zu beweisen. Die Autoren sprechen deshalb auch nur von einem Rahmen, der Freiheit innerhalb einer naturwissenschaftlichen Weltbeschreibung zu denken erlaube. Die Schaffung dieses Rahmens, der mit der Lösung des Dilemmas zwischen Subjektivität und Kausalität zusammenhängt, ist die wesentliche Leistung dieses außergewöhnlichen Buches."

RSWK

Leib-Seele-Problem / Quantentheorie / Information / Kosmologie

Subject

Leib-Seele-Problem / Quantentheorie / Information / Kosmologie

Kopf-Arbeit : Gehirnfunktionen und kognitive Leistungen (1996) 0.02

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Content: PRINZ, W., G. ROTH u. S. MAASEN: Kognitive Leistungen und Gehirnfunktionen; FLOREY, E.: Geist - Seele - Gehirn: Eine kurze Ideengeschichte der Hirnforschung; SCHEERER, E.: Einmal Kopf, zweimal Kognition: Geschichte und Gegnwart eines Problems; ROTH, G.: Das Gehirn des Menschen; ENGEL, A.K.: Prinzipien der Wahrnehmung: Das visuelle System; WALKOWIAK, W.: Prinzipien der Wahrnehmung: Auditorische Systeme; MENZEL, R. u. G. ROTH: Verhaltensbiologische und neuronale Grundlagen des Lernens und des Gedächtnisses; EIMER, M.: Wahrnehmung und Aufmerksamkeit; MÜSSELER, J., G. ASCHERSLEBEN u. W. PRINZ: Die Steuerung von Handlungen; GOSCHKE, T.: Lernen und Gedächtnis: Mentale Prozesse und Gehirnstrukturen; BECKERMANN, A.: Können mentale Phänomene neurobiologisch erklärt werden?; EIMER, M.: Kognitive Psychologie, Neurobiologie und das 'Gehirn-Bewußtsein-Problem'; FLOHR, H.: Ignorabimus?; PRINZ, W.: Bewußtsein und Ich-Konstitution
Date: 22. 7.2000 18:57:22

Ciompi, L.: ¬Die emotionalen Grundlagen des Denkens : Entwurf einer fraktalen Affektlogik (1997) 0.02
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Abstract

Das menschliche Denken organisiert sich ständig in komplexen Wechselwirkungen zwischen Emotionen und Erkenntnissen. Für das Verständnis dieser Prozesse schlägt Ciompi ein Modell vor, da über die vertraute kausale Logik weit hinausführt Emotion und Kognition wirken zusammen in einem unablässigen Prozeß der Selbstschöpfung, die sich mit ihr eigener Kraft wieder und wieder selbstähnlich hervorzubringen vermag. Erstmals in der Geschichte des Denkens über das menschliche Denken stehen Philosophie, Psychologie und die jüngsten Erkenntnisse der Neurobiologie nicht mehr unvermittelt nebeneinander. In Ciompis Erkenntnis einer fraktalen Affektlogik heben sich ihre Widersprüche auf. Auch der alte Streit zwischen Materialismus und Idealismus, ob das Sein das Bewußtsein prägt oder erst das Bewußtsein die materielle Welt schafft wird versöhnt in dieser Logik höherer Ordnung: Im Chaos, in fraktaler Ästhetik entfaltet sich das menschliche Fühlen und Denken, selbstschöpferisch und lustvoll

Information, eine dritte Wirklichkeitsart neben Materie und Geist (1995) 0.01

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Date: 29. 7.2001 10:22:25

Calvin, W.H.; Ojemann, G.A.: Einsicht ins Gehirn : wie Denken und Sprache entsteht (1995) 0.01

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Date: 27. 1.1996 10:29:55
22. 7.2000 18:41:04

Stonier, T.: Beyond information : the natural history of intelligence (1992) 0.00

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Date: 29. 7.2002 10:23:29

Information and living systems : philosophical and scientific perspectives (2011) 0.00

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Content: The need for a universal definition of life in twenty-first-century biology -- Energy coupling -- Bioinformation as a triadic relation -- The biosemiotic approach in biology : theoretical bases and applied models -- Problem solving in the life cycles of multicellular organisms : immunology and cancer -- The informational nature of biological causality -- The self-construction of a living organism -- Plasticity and complexity in biology : topological organization, regulatory protein networks, and mechanisms of genetic expression -- Decision making in the economy of nature : value as information -- Information theory and perception : the role of constraints, and what do we maximize information about? -- Attention, information, and epistemic perception -- Biolinguistics and information -- The biology of personality
Date: 29. 3.1996 18:16:49

Floridi, L.: ¬The philosophy of information (2011) 0.00
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Abstract

This is the first volume in the tetralogy on the foundations of the philosophy of information. The reader interested in an introduction to its topics may find Information - A very Short Introduction helpful. The book fulfils three goals. The first is metatheoretical. The book describes what the philosophy of information is, its open problems, and its methods. The second goal is introductory. The book analyses the complex and diverse nature of informational concepts and phenomena, and defends the veridicality thesis and a theory of strongly semantic information. The third goal is constructive. The book tackles some classic philosophical questions in information-theoretical terms, such as how symbols acquire their semantics (the symbol-grounding problem), whether knowledge may be something different from justified true belief (the Gettier problem), or what kind of realism may be more plausible in philosophy of science (the debate on structural realism). The essential message is quite straightforward. Semantic information is well-formed, meaningful and truthful data; knowledge is relevant semantic information properly accounted for; humans are the only known semantic engines and conscious informational organisms who can develop a growing knowledge of reality; and reality is the totality of information (notice the crucial absence of "semantic").

Content

The symbol grounding problem. Introduction ; The symbol of grounding problem ; The representationalist approach ; The semi-representationalist approach ; The non-representationalist approach -- Action-based semantics. Introduction ; Action-based semantics ; Two-machine artificial agents and their AbS ; From grounded symbols to grounded communication and abstractions -- Semantic information and the correctness theory of truth. Introduction ; First step : translation ; Second step : polarization ; Third step : normalization ; Fourth step : verification and validation ; Fifth step : correctness ; Some implications and advantages of the correctness theory of truth -- The logical unsolvability of the Gettier problem. Introduction ; Why the Gettier problem is unsolvable in principle ; Three objections and replies -- The logic of being informed. Introduction ; Three logics of information ; Modelling "being informed" ; Four epistemological implications of KTB-IL -- Understanding epistemic relevance. Introduction ; Epistemic vs casual relevance ; The basic case ; A probabilistic revision of the basic case ; A counterfactual revision of the probabilistic analysis ; A metatheoretical revision of the counterfactual analysis ; Advantages of the metatheoretical revision ; Some illustrative cases ; Misinformation cannot be relevant ; Two objections and replies --
Semantic information and the network theory of account. Introduction ; The nature of the upgrading problem : mutual independence ; Solving the upgrading problem : the network theory of account ; Advantages of a network theory of account ; Testing the network theory of account -- Consciousness, agents, and the knowledge game. Introduction ; The knowledge game ; The first and classic version of the knowledge game : externally inferable states ; The second version of the knowledge game ; The third version of the knowledge game ; The fourth version of the knowledge game ; Dretske's question and the knowledge game -- Against digital ontology. Introduction ; What is digital ontology : It from bit ; The thought experiment ; Three objections and replies -- A defense of informational structural realism. Introduction ; First step : ESR and OSR are not compatible ; Second step : Relata are not logically prior to all relations ; Third step : the concept of a structural object is not empty ; Informational structural realism ; Ten objections and replies.

Wiener, N.: ¬The human use of human beings : cybernetics and society (1950) 0.00

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Date: 8. 7.2000 18:17:22

Gardner, H.: Dem Denken auf der Spur : der Weg der Kognitionswissenschaft (1989) 0.00

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Date: 22. 7.2000 19:07:17

Doyle, C.: Information literacy in an information society : a concept for the information age (199?) 0.00

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Abstract: Encourages educators to prepare students to be lifelong learners by teaching them how to access, evaluate and use information from a variety of sources. The new working environment, still requires that students master the three Rs, but it also requires practice in the communication, critical thinking, problem-solving and information accessing skills that are crucial to success in the information age

Stonier, T.: Information and the internal structure of the universe : an exploration into information physics (1990) 0.00

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Date: 29. 7.2002 10:20:48

Lindholm-Romantschuk, Y.: Scholarly book reviewing in the social sciences and humanities : the flow of ides within and among disciplines (1998) 0.00

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Date: 29. 3.1996 18:19:32

Horgan, J.: ¬Der menschliche Geist : Wie die Wissenschaften versuchen, die Psyche zu verstehen (2000) 0.00

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Date: 19. 7.2002 14:34:29

¬The mathematical theory of information (2002) 0.00

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Footnote: Rez. in: Mathematical Intelligencer 29(2007) no.1, S.64-65 (C.S. Calude)

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