-
Hernon, P.: Disinformation and misinformation through the Internet : findings of an exploratory study (1995)
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- Abstract
- There are in creased opportunities for disinformation and misinformation to occur on the Internet and for students, faculty, and others to unknowingly reference them. The extent of inaccurary over the Internet was investigated in 1994 by means of a questionnaire involving 16 participants which covered: individuals' views on the accuracy of information available through the Internet; their reactions to the creation of disinformation and misinformation; their awareness of instances of disinformation and misinformation on the Internet; and their views on the official or authentic version or dource. Findings indictae a need to develop digital signatures and other authenticating techniques
-
Allen, B.L.: Visualization and cognitve abilities (1998)
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- Abstract
- The idea of obtaining subject access to information by being able to visualize an information space, and to navigate through that space toward useful or interesting information, is attractive and plausible. However, this approach to subject access requires additional cognitive processing associated with the interaction of cognitive facilities that deal with concepts and those that deal with space. This additional cognitive processing may cause problems for users, particularly in dealing with the dimensions, the details, and the symbols of information space. Further, it seems likely that different cognitive abilities are associated with conceptual and spatial cognition. As a result, users who deal well with subject access using traditional conceptual approaches may experience difficulty in using visualization and navigation. An experiment designed to investigate the effects of different cognitive abilities on the use of both conceptual and spatial representations of information is outlined
- Date
- 22. 9.1997 19:16:05
- Source
- Visualizing subject access for 21st century information resources: Papers presented at the 1997 Clinic on Library Applications of Data Processing, 2-4 Mar 1997, Graduate School of Library and Information Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Ed.: P.A. Cochrane et al
-
Dillon, A.; Vaughan, M.: "It's the journey and the destination" : shape and the emergent property of genre in evaluating digital documents (1997)
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- Abstract
- Navigation is a limited metaphor for hypermedia and website use that potentially constraints our understanding of human-computer interaction. Traces the emergence of the navigation metaphor and the emprical analysis of navigation measures in usability evaluation before suggesting an alternative concept to consider: shape. The shape concept affords a richer analytic tool for considering humans' use of digital documents and invokes social level analysis of meaning that are shared among discourse communities who both produce and consume the information resources
- Date
- 6. 2.1999 20:10:22
-
Cooke, N.J.: Varieties of knowledge elicitation techniques (1994)
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- Abstract
- Information on knowledge elicitation methods is widely scattered across the fields of psychology, business management, education, counselling, cognitive science, linguistics, philosophy, knowledge engineering and anthropology. Identifies knowledge elicitation techniques and the associated bibliographic information. Organizes the techniques into categories on the basis of methodological similarity. Summarizes for each category of techniques strengths, weaknesses and recommends applications
-
Zimmer, H.D.: Modalitätsspezifische Systeme der Repräsentation und Verarbeitung von Information (1993)
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- Abstract
- It is discussed what is underlying the assumption of modality-specific processing systems and representations. Starting from the information processing approach relevant aspects of mental representations and their physiological realizations are discussed. Then 3 different forms of modality-specific systems are distinguished: as stimulus specific processing, as specific informational formats, and as modular part systems. Parallel to that 3 kinds of analogue systems are differentiated: as holding an analogue-relation, as having a specific informational format and as a set of specific processing constraints. These different aspects of the assumption of modality-specific systems are demonstrated in the example of visual and spatial information processing. It is concluded that postulating information-specific systems is not a superfluous assumption, but it is necessary, and even more likely it is inevitable consequence of an optimization of stimulus processing
-
Verdi, M.P.; Kulhavy, R.W.; Stock, W.A.; Rittscho, K.A.; Savenye, W.: Why maps improve memory for text : the influence of structural information on working-memory operations (1993)
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- Abstract
- In order to test how associated verbal and spatial stimuli are processed in memory, undergraduates studied a reference map as either an intact unit or as a series of individual features, and read a text containing facts related to map features. In Addition, the map was presented either before or after reading the text. Seeing the intact map prior to the text led to better recall of both map information and facts from the text. These results support a dual coding modell, where stimuli such as maps possess a retrieval advantage because they allow simultaneous representation in working memory. This advantage occurs because information from the map can be used to cue retrieval of associated verbal facts, without exceeding the processing constraints of the memorial system
- Date
- 22. 7.2000 19:18:18
-
Wersig, G.: Information science : the study of postmodern knowledge usage (1993)
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- Source
- Information processing and management. 29(1993) no.2, S.229-240
-
Cremmins, E.T.: Value-added processing of representational and speculative information using cognitive skills (1992)
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-
¬The impact of information (1995)
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- Source
- Information processing and management. 31(1995) no.4, S.455-498
-
Massaro, D.W.; Cowan, N.: Information processing models : microscopes of the mind (1993)
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-
Goldstein, D.J.: Do we do mathematics with our visual brain? (1998)
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-
Liang, T.-Y.: ¬The basic entity model : a theoretical model of information processing, decision making and information systems (1996)
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- Abstract
- The basic entity model aims to provide information processing with a better theoretical foundation. Human information processing systems are perceived as physical symbol systems. The 4 basic entities that these systems handle are: data, information, knowledge and wisdom. The postulates fundamental to the model are the laws of boundary, interaction, and constructed information systems. The transformation of the basic entities taking place in the model create an information space that contains a set of information states in a particular knowledge domain. The space serves as a platform for decision making. Uses the model to analyze the strucuture of constructed information systems mathematically. Adopts the ontological, deep structure approach
- Source
- Information processing and management. 32(1996) no.4, S.477-487
-
Pfeifer, R.: Symbols, patterns, and behavior : beyond the information-processing metaphor (1998)
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-
Liebenau, J.; Backhouse, J.: Understanding information : an introduction (1990)
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- LCSH
- Electronic digital computers
- Subject
- Electronic digital computers
-
Metcalfe, J.; Shimamura, A.P.: Metacognition : knowing about knowing (1994)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: Information processing and management 31(1995) no.2, S.261-262 (B. Allen)
-
Branscomb, A.W.: Who owns information? : from privacy to public access (1994)
0.01
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: College and research libraries 56(1995) no.2, S.186-188 (J. Larson); Information processing and management 33(1997) no.3, S.408-409 (P. Doty)
-
Allen, B.L.: Information tasks : toward a user-centred approach to information systems (1996)
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- Footnote
- Rez in: Information processing and management 33(1997) no.6, S.807 (P. Borlund)
-
Thompson, L.A.; Ogden, W.C.: Visible speech improves human language understanding : implications for speech processing systems (1995)
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- Abstract
- Presents evidence from the study of human language understanding suggesting that the ability to perceive visible speech can greatly influence the ability to understand and remember spoken language. A view of the speaker's face can greatly aid in the perception of ambiguous or noisy speech and can aid cognitive processing of speech leading to better understanding and recall. Some of these effects have been replaced using computer synthesized visual and auditory speech. When giving an interface a voice, it may be best to give it a face too
-
Naumann, E.; Bartussek, D.; Diedrich, O.; Laufer, M.E.: Assessing cognitive and affective information processing functions of the brain by means of the late positive complex of the event-related potential (1992)
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- Abstract
- The influence of cognitive and affective information processing on the late positive complex of the event-related potential was studied by means of structural or affective processing of adjectives categorized as emotionally negative, neutral or positive. An extensive replication study tested 2 research hypotheses derived from a pilot study with 14 subjects. The first hypothesis stated that the active, conscious evaluation of the affective meaning of the adjectives should lead to a long lasting positive shift, which is maximal over the frontal scalp. This shift should be independent of the emotional content of the adjectives and should not be observed during structural processing. Second, the emotionally negative and emotionally positive adjectives should elicit a more positive P3-component compared to neutral adjectives. This effect should be independent of the type of task (structural or affective). Because the hypotheses are in part related to the interpretation of the null hypotheses of the statistical tests, an a priori control of both alpha- and beta-error probability is necessary. - From the results, it is concluded that affect and cognition are separate information processing functions of the brain and are mediated by different brain systems
-
Ketelaar, E.: Can we trust information? (1997)
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- Abstract
- Reliability and authenticity determine the credibility and usefulness of information. These concepts, developed in different cultures and at different times, are essential for information society and its dependence on trusting information. In the creation and distribution of digital information, conditions should be met to ensure the reliability and authenticity of the information
- Footnote
- Contribution to an issue devoted to papers from the UNESCO conference Info-Ethics: first International Congress on Ethical, Legal and Societal Aspects of Digital Information, held in Monaco, 10-12 March, 1997
