Search (69 results, page 1 of 4)

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Classification

ST 285 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Computer supported cooperative work (CSCW), Groupware

RVK

ST 285 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Computer supported cooperative work (CSCW), Groupware

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Source

Informationsspezialisten zwischen Technik und gesellschaftlicher Verantwortung: Internationaler Kongreß der Hochschule für Bibliotheks- und Informationswesen, Stuttgart, 4.-5.12.1995. Hrsg.: Projektgruppe Kongreß '95 der HBI Stuttgart

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Abstract

Hypermedia and multimedia have been placed rather uncritically at the centre of current developments in learning technology. This paper seeks to ask some fundamental questions about how learning is best supported by hypermedia, and concludes that the most successful aspects are not those normally emphasized. A striking observation is that the best learning experience is enjoyed by hypermedia courseware authors rather that students. This is understandable from a constructivist view of learning, in which the key aim is to engage the learner in carrying out a task which leads to better comprehension. Deep learning is a by-product of comprehension. The paper discusses some approaches to designing software - cognitive tools for learning - which illustrate the constructivist approach

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Abstract

A constructivist philososphy is necessary if information seeking skills or writing is taught as a process. Students learn in a collaborative environment enabling them to construct meaning from their prior knowledge coupled with the new information they seek. Research conducted in a middle school writing centre supported data collected earlier by Kuhlthau. The information seeking process and the writing process complement one another and can be infused as the web that integrates the entrie curriculum. This experiment in encouraging middle school teachers to use a writing centre demonstrated the difficulty of teaching writing as a process when the curriculum and the teaching approaches do not support constructivism

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Abstract

This study establishes 3 predominant cognitive models of information and the information transfer process manifest in the literature of library and information science, based on a linguistic analysis of phrases incoporating the word 'information' from a random sample of abstracts in the LISA database. The direct communication (DC) and indirect communication (IC) models (drawn from Reddy's frameworks of metalinguistic usage) adopt the perspective of the information system; the information-seeking (IS) model takes the viewpoint of the information user. 2 disturbing findings are presented: 1. core elements of the DC and IC models are more weakly supported by the data than are most of the peripheral elements; and 2. even though the IS model presents the information user's perspective, the data emphasise the role of the information system. These findings suggest respectively that the field lacks a coherent model of information transfer per se and that our model of information retrieval is mechanistic, oblivious to the cognitive models of end users

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RSWK

Neue Medien / Philosophie / Aufsatzsammlung (BVB)

Subject

Neue Medien / Philosophie / Aufsatzsammlung (BVB)

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Date

22. 7.2000 19:01:22

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Abstract

Focuses on the concept of information and considers what is actually meant when the term is used. The arguments are illustrated by the work undertaken by the International Development Research Centre, Canada (IDRC) in its research initiative in information and its impact on development

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Abstract

Explores how the work of Martin Heidegger may be applied to contemporary understanding of information technology. Considers the view of information as degraded knowledge, a position refuted by Heidegger's account of truth as correctness

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Abstract

Summarises of a selection of the presentations and workshops under one of the main themes at the Association of Swiss Libraries and Librarians congress held in Yverdon, Sept 1998. Sessions covered comprise: the evolution of Diderot's Encyclopedia (presentation of the confluence of oral and written traditions, in relation to the network of informal contacts underpinning this 18th century work); influence of the written work on our cultural tradition in relation to access to new means of communication (presentation on the respective roles of ideogrammatic and phonomatic representation, and the role of the book as bridge to other media); typographical ornamentation on the Internet (workshop on identifying the provenance of printed material and the Passe-Partout ornament bank, which uses new technology to create a metacatalogue); and publishing memory (workshop on a Swiss foundation seeking to promote, preserve and disseminate contemporary publishing

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Abstract

In the last few years a number of works, such as the monograph by T. Stonier 'Information and the internal structure of the universe. An exploration into information physics', appeared. In these works information is regarded as a property of the universe, which is as realistic as matter and energy. Special attention is given to particles of information - the infons. The paper offers a critical analysis of selected parts of this work and shows that some of them contradict the basic physical laws. It is also shown that information does not need any special media, such as the infons

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Abstract

Examines empirical work on information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the household and previous attempts to conceptualize the place and significance of ICTs in everyday life. Considers the cultural politics of information and communication technologies and the politics of culture - about information and communication technologies' mediation of public and private spheres. Discusses the nature, direction and speed of the information revolution

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Abstract

Controversies in modern ideas in social work directly reflect controversies in attitudes toward computer applications. Fundamental to modern problems with technology is the persisting dispute between 2 philosophical traditions. On one side there is the formal and technically oriented thinking: on the other the reflexive, dialectical and hermeneutical approach. The reappearance of the conflict in actual discussion is described considering data storage, formal methodology and the social impact of computer use

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Abstract

Delineates the difference between mass communication and information science. Establishes the theoretical models which present a framework for mass communication. Presents the inter-relationships existing between mass communication studies and information science in the form of a table. Also shows how the two can work together for an information conscious society

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Abstract

Outlines the principles underlying the theory of polyrepresentation applied to the user's cognitive space and the information space of information retrieval systems, set in a cognitive framework. Uses polyrepresentation to represent the current user's information needs, problem states, and domain work tasks or interests in a structure of causality, as well as to embody semantic full text entities by means of the principle of 'intentional redundancy'

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Abstract

Presents a study on hypertext examining the cognitive styles and spatial ability of users; the complexity of tasks; and the strucutre of information organization and the visualization of the structure. Future work on hypertext usability should emphasize task taxonomies along with longitudinal and ethnographic studies for a deep understanding of the interactions between users and hypertext

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Abstract

Through an examination of the work of the French historian and philosopher Michel Foucault, discusses the view that knowledge, as represented in the history of ideas and in studies of knowledge paradigms and bibliographical structures, appears coherent and rationalistic. Emphasizes the need to investigate the assumptions and underlying influences on the ways in which discourse embody and shape meanings. Examines links between language, truth and power which are major concerns of foucault. Argues that Foucault's 'archaeological' and 'genealogical' insights into the nature of warranted knowledge are crucial for an understanding of the communication process and the knowledge-organizing activities in information specialists

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Abstract

In view of the increasing interdependence of Information and Documentation on the one hand and terminology work on the other, the author analyzes the relationship between information science and terminology science starting with the concept of 'information' itself. From the semantic conception of information the concept of specialized information is derived which can be directly used in terminology science, where this type of information should be the starting point of any investigation or theoretical consideration. A terminological view of information and knowledge management would be a practical example

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Abstract

Comments that printed media and related services in Africa have failed to promote a reading culture and illiteracy is on the increase, possibly as a result of wrong assumptions on the part of so called developers. A greater understanding of the potential of oral communication in the transfer of appropriate of information from books is needed. The mediator communicates or derecords, the information in books by orally translating those parts appropriate to a specific group, in their mother tongue. 1 year certificates and 2 year diplomas in appropriate community librarianship, should be instituted to train, preferably Africans, for this work