Search (177 results, page 1 of 9)

0.022987384 = product of:
  0.11493692 = sum of:
    0.11493692 = product of:
      0.34481075 = sum of:
        0.34481075 = weight(_text_:pr in 2735) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.34481075 = score(doc=2735,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.21780749 = queryWeight, product of:
              7.1642876 = idf(docFreq=92, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            1.5830988 = fieldWeight in 2735, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              7.1642876 = idf(docFreq=92, maxDocs=44218)
              0.15625 = fieldNorm(doc=2735)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.2 = coord(1/5)

Imprint

Cambridge : Cambridge Univ. Pr.

0.019416887 = product of:
  0.09708443 = sum of:
    0.09708443 = product of:
      0.19416887 = sum of:
        0.16121663 = weight(_text_:auge in 4930) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.16121663 = score(doc=4930,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.23548178 = queryWeight, product of:
              7.7456436 = idf(docFreq=51, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.6846246 = fieldWeight in 4930, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              7.7456436 = idf(docFreq=51, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4930)
        0.03295223 = weight(_text_:22 in 4930) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.03295223 = score(doc=4930,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.10646205 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 4930, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4930)
      0.5 = coord(2/4)
  0.2 = coord(1/5)

Abstract

Die Welt, in der wir leben, ist nicht außerhalb, nicht unabhängig von uns; wir erschaffen sie gemeinsam im Prozeß des Erkennens und im Verwandeln der Erkenntnis in Sprache. Realität finden wir nicht 'draußen', die entsteht im Auge des Betrachters. Bewußtsein findet nicht im Gehirn statt, sondern in der Beziehung der Menschen untereinander. Die vorliegenden Texte bieten Gelegenheit, zentrale Begriffe des Konstruktivismus und der evolutionären Erkenntnistheorie Maturanas in verständlicher und zugespitzter Form kennenzulernen

Date

22. 7.2000 18:38:10

0.018389909 = product of:
  0.09194954 = sum of:
    0.09194954 = product of:
      0.2758486 = sum of:
        0.2758486 = weight(_text_:pr in 2497) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.2758486 = score(doc=2497,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.21780749 = queryWeight, product of:
              7.1642876 = idf(docFreq=92, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            1.266479 = fieldWeight in 2497, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              7.1642876 = idf(docFreq=92, maxDocs=44218)
              0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=2497)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.2 = coord(1/5)

Imprint

Cambridge : Cambridge Univ. Pr.

0.017938295 = product of:
  0.044845738 = sum of:
    0.032394584 = product of:
      0.09718375 = sum of:
        0.09718375 = weight(_text_:themes in 3994) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.09718375 = score(doc=3994,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.19545428 = queryWeight, product of:
              6.429029 = idf(docFreq=193, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.49721986 = fieldWeight in 3994, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              6.429029 = idf(docFreq=193, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3994)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    0.012451152 = product of:
      0.037353456 = sum of:
        0.037353456 = weight(_text_:f in 3994) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.037353456 = score(doc=3994,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.12117521 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.985786 = idf(docFreq=2232, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.3082599 = fieldWeight in 3994, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.985786 = idf(docFreq=2232, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3994)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.4 = coord(2/5)

Abstract

Summarises of a selection of the presentations and workshops under one of the main themes at the Association of Swiss Libraries and Librarians congress held in Yverdon, Sept 1998. Sessions covered comprise: workshop on stories in libraries (history of the tradition in French libraries and criteria for selecting material); oral and written traditions (presentation on continuing existence of various schools of interpretation e.g. mythological, anthropological, in relation to the importance of individual contact); and listening - reading - writing (presentation on links between these 3 forms of communication in the context of the challenge for libraries in the field of children's education)

Language

f

0.016091168 = product of:
  0.08045584 = sum of:
    0.08045584 = product of:
      0.24136752 = sum of:
        0.24136752 = weight(_text_:pr in 2732) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.24136752 = score(doc=2732,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.21780749 = queryWeight, product of:
              7.1642876 = idf(docFreq=92, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            1.1081691 = fieldWeight in 2732, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              7.1642876 = idf(docFreq=92, maxDocs=44218)
              0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=2732)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.2 = coord(1/5)

Imprint

Cambridge : Cambridge Univ. Pr.

0.015375681 = product of:
  0.038439203 = sum of:
    0.027766787 = product of:
      0.08330036 = sum of:
        0.08330036 = weight(_text_:themes in 5952) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.08330036 = score(doc=5952,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.19545428 = queryWeight, product of:
              6.429029 = idf(docFreq=193, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.42618844 = fieldWeight in 5952, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              6.429029 = idf(docFreq=193, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5952)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    0.010672417 = product of:
      0.03201725 = sum of:
        0.03201725 = weight(_text_:f in 5952) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.03201725 = score(doc=5952,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.12117521 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.985786 = idf(docFreq=2232, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.26422277 = fieldWeight in 5952, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.985786 = idf(docFreq=2232, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5952)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.4 = coord(2/5)

Abstract

Summarises of a selection of the presentations and workshops under one of the main themes at the Association of Swiss Libraries and Librarians congress held in Yverdon, Sept 1998. Sessions covered comprise: the evolution of Diderot's Encyclopedia (presentation of the confluence of oral and written traditions, in relation to the network of informal contacts underpinning this 18th century work); influence of the written work on our cultural tradition in relation to access to new means of communication (presentation on the respective roles of ideogrammatic and phonomatic representation, and the role of the book as bridge to other media); typographical ornamentation on the Internet (workshop on identifying the provenance of printed material and the Passe-Partout ornament bank, which uses new technology to create a metacatalogue); and publishing memory (workshop on a Swiss foundation seeking to promote, preserve and disseminate contemporary publishing

Language

f

0.013792432 = product of:
  0.06896216 = sum of:
    0.06896216 = product of:
      0.20688646 = sum of:
        0.20688646 = weight(_text_:pr in 2730) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.20688646 = score(doc=2730,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.21780749 = queryWeight, product of:
              7.1642876 = idf(docFreq=92, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.94985926 = fieldWeight in 2730, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              7.1642876 = idf(docFreq=92, maxDocs=44218)
              0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2730)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.2 = coord(1/5)

Imprint

Philadelphia : Temple Univ. Pr.

0.01131511 = product of:
  0.028287776 = sum of:
    0.023138989 = product of:
      0.06941696 = sum of:
        0.06941696 = weight(_text_:themes in 950) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.06941696 = score(doc=950,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.19545428 = queryWeight, product of:
              6.429029 = idf(docFreq=193, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.35515702 = fieldWeight in 950, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              6.429029 = idf(docFreq=193, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=950)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    0.005148786 = product of:
      0.020595144 = sum of:
        0.020595144 = weight(_text_:22 in 950) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.020595144 = score(doc=950,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.10646205 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 950, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=950)
      0.25 = coord(1/4)
  0.4 = coord(2/5)

Abstract

Purpose With the shift to an information-based society and to the de-centralisation of information, information overload has attracted a growing interest in the computer and information science research communities. However, there is no clear understanding of the meaning of the term, and while there have been many proposed definitions, there is no consensus. The goal of this work was to define the concept of "information overload". In order to do so, a concept analysis using Rodgers' approach was performed. Design/methodology/approach A concept analysis using Rodgers' approach based on a corpus of documents published between 2010 and September 2020 was conducted. One surrogate for "information overload", which is "cognitive overload" was identified. The corpus of documents consisted of 151 documents for information overload and ten for cognitive overload. All documents were from the fields of computer science and information science, and were retrieved from three databases: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Digital Library, SCOPUS and Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA). Findings The themes identified from the authors' concept analysis allowed us to extract the triggers, manifestations and consequences of information overload. They found triggers related to information characteristics, information need, the working environment, the cognitive abilities of individuals and the information environment. In terms of manifestations, they found that information overload manifests itself both emotionally and cognitively. The consequences of information overload were both internal and external. These findings allowed them to provide a definition of information overload. Originality/value Through the authors' concept analysis, they were able to clarify the components of information overload and provide a definition of the concept.

Date

22. 4.2023 19:27:56

0.0112667745 = product of:
  0.05633387 = sum of:
    0.05633387 = product of:
      0.16900161 = sum of:
        0.16900161 = weight(_text_:3a in 5955) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.16900161 = score(doc=5955,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.25774708 = queryWeight, product of:
              8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.65568775 = fieldWeight in 5955, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5955)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.2 = coord(1/5)

Footnote

Rez. in: Philosophisch-ethische Rezensionen vom 09.11.2019 (Jürgen Czogalla), Unter: https://philosophisch-ethische-rezensionen.de/rezension/Goedert1.html. In: B.I.T. online 23(2020) H.3, S.345-347 (W. Sühl-Strohmenger) [Unter: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.b-i-t-online.de%2Fheft%2F2020-03-rezensionen.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0iY3f_zNcvEjeZ6inHVnOK]. In: Open Password Nr. 805 vom 14.08.2020 (H.-C. Hobohm) [Unter: https://www.password-online.de/?mailpoet_router&endpoint=view_in_browser&action=view&data=WzE0MywiOGI3NjZkZmNkZjQ1IiwwLDAsMTMxLDFd].

0.0100760395 = product of:
  0.050380196 = sum of:
    0.050380196 = product of:
      0.20152079 = sum of:
        0.20152079 = weight(_text_:auge in 1891) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.20152079 = score(doc=1891,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.23548178 = queryWeight, product of:
              7.7456436 = idf(docFreq=51, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.8557808 = fieldWeight in 1891, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              7.7456436 = idf(docFreq=51, maxDocs=44218)
              0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1891)
      0.25 = coord(1/4)
  0.2 = coord(1/5)

Abstract

Das Auge unterliegt vielen optischen Trugschlüssen. In Konfliktsituationen interpretiert das Gehirn die Bilddaten offenbar nach ihrer Wahrscheinlichkeit - und irrt sich dann manchmal

0.009665817 = product of:
  0.024164543 = sum of:
    0.011569494 = product of:
      0.03470848 = sum of:
        0.03470848 = weight(_text_:themes in 1323) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.03470848 = score(doc=1323,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.19545428 = queryWeight, product of:
              6.429029 = idf(docFreq=193, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.17757851 = fieldWeight in 1323, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              6.429029 = idf(docFreq=193, maxDocs=44218)
              0.01953125 = fieldNorm(doc=1323)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    0.012595049 = product of:
      0.050380196 = sum of:
        0.050380196 = weight(_text_:auge in 1323) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.050380196 = score(doc=1323,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.23548178 = queryWeight, product of:
              7.7456436 = idf(docFreq=51, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.2139452 = fieldWeight in 1323, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              7.7456436 = idf(docFreq=51, maxDocs=44218)
              0.01953125 = fieldNorm(doc=1323)
      0.25 = coord(1/4)
  0.4 = coord(2/5)

Abstract

The Turn analyzes the research of information seeking and retrieval (IS&R) and proposes a new direction of integrating research in these two areas: the fields should turn off their separate and narrow paths and construct a new avenue of research. An essential direction for this avenue is context as given in the subtitle Integration of Information Seeking and Retrieval in Context. Other essential themes in the book include: IS&R research models, frameworks and theories; search and works tasks and situations in context; interaction between humans and machines; information acquisition, relevance and information use; research design and methodology based on a structured set of explicit variables - all set into the holistic cognitive approach. The present monograph invites the reader into a construction project - there is much research to do for a contextual understanding of IS&R. The Turn represents a wide-ranging perspective of IS&R by providing a novel unique research framework, covering both individual and social aspects of information behavior, including the generation, searching, retrieval and use of information. Regarding traditional laboratory information retrieval research, the monograph proposes the extension of research toward actors, search and work tasks, IR interaction and utility of information. Regarding traditional information seeking research, it proposes the extension toward information access technology and work task contexts. The Turn is the first synthesis of research in the broad area of IS&R ranging from systems oriented laboratory IR research to social science oriented information seeking studies. TOC:Introduction.- The Cognitive Framework for Information.- The Development of Information Seeking Research.- Systems-Oriented Information Retrieval.- Cognitive and User-Oriented Information Retrieval.- The Integrated IS&R Research Framework.- Implications of the Cognitive Framework for IS&R.- Towards a Research Program.- Conclusion.- Definitions.- References.- Index.

Footnote

- Kapitel fünf enthält einen entsprechenden Überblick über die kognitive und benutzerorientierte IR-Tradition. Es zeigt, welche anderen (als nur die labororientierten) IR-Studien durchgeführt werden können, wobei sich die Betrachtung von frühen Modellen (z.B. Taylor) über Belkins ASK-Konzept bis zu Ingwersens Modell der Polyrepräsentation, und von Bates Berrypicking-Ansatz bis zu Vakkaris "taskbased" IR-Modell erstreckt. Auch Web-IR, OKAPI und Diskussionen zum Relevanzbegriff werden hier thematisiert. - Im folgenden Kapitel schlagen die Autoren ein integriertes IS&R Forschungsmodell vor, bei dem die vielfältigen Beziehungen zwischen Informationssuchenden, Systementwicklern, Oberflächen und anderen beteiligten Aspekten berücksichtigt werden. Ihr Ansatz vereint die traditionelle Laborforschung mit verschiedenen benutzerorientierten Traditionen aus IS&R, insbesondere mit den empirischen Ansätzen zu IS und zum interaktiven IR, in einem holistischen kognitiven Modell. - Kapitel sieben untersucht die Implikationen dieses Modells für IS&R, wobei besonders ins Auge fällt, wie komplex die Anfragen von Informationssuchenden im Vergleich mit der relativen Einfachheit der Algorithmen zum Auffinden relevanter Dokumente sind. Die Abbildung der vielfältig variierenden kognitiven Zustände der Anfragesteller im Rahmen der der Systementwicklung ist sicherlich keine triviale Aufgabe. Wie dabei das Problem der Einbeziehung des zentralen Aspektes der Bedeutung gelöst werden kann, sei dahingestellt. - Im achten Kapitel wird der Versuch unternommen, die zuvor diskutierten Punkte in ein IS&R-Forschungsprogramm (Prozesse - Verhalten - Systemfunktionalität - Performanz) umzusetzen, wobei auch einige kritische Anmerkungen zur bisherigen Forschungspraxis getroffen werden. - Das abschliessende neunte Kapitel fasst das Buch kurz zusammen und kann somit auch als Einstieg in dieThematik gelesen werden. Darauffolgen noch ein sehr nützliches Glossar zu allen wichtigen Begriffen, die in dem Buch Verwendung finden, eine Bibliographie und ein Sachregister. Ingwersen und Järvelin haben hier ein sehr anspruchsvolles und dennoch lesbares Buch vorgelegt. Die gebotenen Übersichtskapitel und Diskussionen sind zwar keine Einführung in die Informationswissenschaft, decken aber einen grossen Teil der heute in dieser Disziplin aktuellen und durch laufende Forschungsaktivitäten und Publikationen berührten Teilbereiche ab. Man könnte es auch - vielleicht ein wenig überspitzt - so formulieren: Was hier thematisiert wird, ist eigentlich die moderne Informationswissenschaft. Der Versuch, die beiden Forschungstraditionen zu vereinen, wird diesem Werk sicherlich einen Platz in der Geschichte der Disziplin sichern. Nicht ganz glücklich erscheint der Titel des Buches. "The Turn" soll eine Wende bedeuten, nämlich jene hin zu einer integrierten Sicht von IS und IR. Das geht vermutlich aus dem Untertitel besser hervor, doch dieser erschien den Autoren wohl zu trocken. Schade, denn "The Turn" gibt es z.B. in unserem Verbundkatalog bereits, allerdings mit dem Zusatz "from the Cold War to a new era; the United States and the Soviet Union 1983-1990". Der Verlag, der abgesehen davon ein gediegenes (wenn auch nicht gerade wohlfeiles) Produkt vorgelegt hat, hätte derlei unscharfe Duplizierend besser verhindert. Ungeachtet dessen empfehle ich dieses wichtige Buch ohne Vorbehalt zur Anschaffung; es sollte in keiner grösseren Bibliothek fehlen."

0.008987179 = product of:
  0.022467947 = sum of:
    0.014229889 = product of:
      0.042689666 = sum of:
        0.042689666 = weight(_text_:f in 4572) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.042689666 = score(doc=4572,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.12117521 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.985786 = idf(docFreq=2232, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.35229704 = fieldWeight in 4572, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.985786 = idf(docFreq=2232, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4572)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    0.008238058 = product of:
      0.03295223 = sum of:
        0.03295223 = weight(_text_:22 in 4572) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.03295223 = score(doc=4572,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.10646205 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.30952093 = fieldWeight in 4572, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4572)
      0.25 = coord(1/4)
  0.4 = coord(2/5)

Date

2. 4.2000 14:38:22

0.008180107 = product of:
  0.020450266 = sum of:
    0.0053362083 = product of:
      0.016008625 = sum of:
        0.016008625 = weight(_text_:f in 1643) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.016008625 = score(doc=1643,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.12117521 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.985786 = idf(docFreq=2232, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.13211139 = fieldWeight in 1643, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.985786 = idf(docFreq=2232, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0234375 = fieldNorm(doc=1643)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    0.015114058 = product of:
      0.06045623 = sum of:
        0.06045623 = weight(_text_:auge in 1643) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.06045623 = score(doc=1643,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.23548178 = queryWeight, product of:
              7.7456436 = idf(docFreq=51, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.25673422 = fieldWeight in 1643, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              7.7456436 = idf(docFreq=51, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0234375 = fieldNorm(doc=1643)
      0.25 = coord(1/4)
  0.4 = coord(2/5)

Content

Wer stundenlang und täglich vor dem Computer sitzt und spielt, trainiert bestimmte Fähigkeiten (und vernachlässigt andere, die verkümmern, was aber schon sehr viel schwieriger nachzuweisen wäre). Computerspiele erfordern, dass deren Benutzer sich beispielsweise aktiv visuell orientieren müssen - und dies schnell sowie mit anhaltender Konzentration. Zudem muss das Gesehene (oder Gehörte) schnell in Reaktionen umgesetzt werden, was senso-motorische Fähigkeiten, also beispielsweise die Koordination von Auge und Hand, fördert. Das aber war nicht Gegenstand der Studie. Nach den Experimenten der Kognitionswissenschaftler vom Center for Visual Sciences an der University of Rochester, New York, lernen die Computerspieler sogar nicht nur die Bewältigung von bestimmten Aufgaben, sondern können das Gelernte auf andere Aufgaben übertragen, wodurch sie allgemein die visuelle Aufmerksamkeit stärken. Untersucht wurden dabei, wie C. Shawn Green und Daphne Bavellier in [[External Link]] Nature schreiben, Personen zwischen 18 und 23 Jahren, die Action-Spiele wie Grand Theft Auto3, Half-Life, Counter-Strike, 007 oder Spider-Man während des letzten halben Jahres mindestens an vier Tagen in der Woche und mindestens eine Stunde am Tag gespielt haben. Darunter befanden sich allerdings keine Frauen! Die Wissenschaftler hatten keine Studentinnen mit der notwendigen Shooter-Spiele--Praxis finden können. Verglichen wurden die Leistungen in den Tests mit denen von Nichtspielern. Zur Kontrolle mussten Nichtspieler - darunter dann auch Frauen - an 10 aufeinander folgenden Tagen jeweils mindestens eine Stunde sich an Shooter-Spielen trainieren, wodurch sich tatsächlich die visuellen Aufmerksamkeitsleistungen steigerten. Das mag schließlich in der Tat bei manchen Aufgaben hilfreich sein, verbessert aber weder allgemein die Aufmerksamkeit noch andere kognitive Fähigkeiten, die nicht mit der visuellen Orientierung und Reaktion zu tun haben. Computerspieler, die Action-Spiele-Erfahrung haben, besitzen beispielsweise eine höhere Aufmerksamkeitskapazität, die sich weit weniger schnell erschöpft wie bei den Nichtspielern. So haben sie auch nach einer anstrengenden Bewältigung von Aufgaben noch die Fähigkeit, neben der Aufgabe Ablenkungen zu verarbeiten. Sie können sich beispielsweise auch längere Zahlenreihen, die den Versuchspersonen kurz auf dem Bildschirm gezeigt werden, merken. Zudem konnten die Spieler ihre Aufmerksamkeit weitaus besser auch in ungewohnten Situationen auf die Erfassung eines räumlichen Feldes erstrecken als Nichtspieler. Dabei mussten zuerst Objekte in einem dichten Feld identifiziert und dann schnell durch Umschalten der Fokussierung ein weiteres Umfeld erkundet werden. Der Druck, schnell auf mehrere visuelle Reize reagieren zu müssen, fördert, so die Wissenschaftler, die Fähigkeit, Reize über die Zeit hinweg zu verarbeiten und "Flaschenhals"-Situationen der Aufmerksamkeit zu vermeiden. Sie sind auch besser in der Lage, von einer Aufgabe zur nächsten zu springen. Wie die Wissenschaftler selbst feststellen, könnte man natürlich angesichts dieser Ergebnisse einwenden, dass die Fähigkeiten nicht mit der Beschäftigung mit Computerspielen entstehen, sondern dass Menschen, deren visuelle Aufmerksamkeit und senso-motorische Koordination besser ist, sich lieber mit dieser Art von Spielen beschäftigen, weil sie dort auch besser belohnt werden als die Ungeschickten. Aus diesem Grund hat man eine Gruppe von Nichtspielern gebeten, mindesten eine Stunde am Tag während zehn aufeinander folgenden Tagen, "Medal of Honor" zu spielen, während eine Kontrollgruppe "Tetris" bekam. Tetris verlangt ganz andere Leistungen wie ein Shooter-Spiel. Der Benutzer muss seine Aufmerksamkeit zu jeder Zeit auf jeweils ein Objekt richten, während die Aufmerksamkeit der Shooter-Spieler auf den ganzen Raum verteilt sein und ständig mit Unvorgesehenem rechnen muss, das aus irgendeiner Ecke auftaucht. Tetris-Spieler müssten also, wenn Aufmerksamkeit spezifisch von Spieleanforderungen trainiert wird, in den Tests zur visuellen Aufmerksamkeit anders abschneiden.

0.008047695 = product of:
  0.040238477 = sum of:
    0.040238477 = product of:
      0.12071543 = sum of:
        0.12071543 = weight(_text_:3a in 5895) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.12071543 = score(doc=5895,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.25774708 = queryWeight, product of:
              8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.46834838 = fieldWeight in 5895, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5895)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.2 = coord(1/5)

Source

Politische Meinung. 381(2001) Nr.1, S.65-74 [https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dgfe.de%2Ffileadmin%2FOrdnerRedakteure%2FSektionen%2FSek02_AEW%2FKWF%2FPublikationen_Reihe_1989-2003%2FBand_17%2FBd_17_1994_355-406_A.pdf&usg=AOvVaw2KcbRsHy5UQ9QRIUyuOLNi]

0.008047695 = product of:
  0.040238477 = sum of:
    0.040238477 = product of:
      0.12071543 = sum of:
        0.12071543 = weight(_text_:3a in 76) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.12071543 = score(doc=76,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.25774708 = queryWeight, product of:
              8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.46834838 = fieldWeight in 76, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=76)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.2 = coord(1/5)

Source

http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F1380%2F1%2FvdM_correlation.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0g7DvZbQPb2U7dYb49b9v_

0.007863781 = product of:
  0.019659452 = sum of:
    0.012451152 = product of:
      0.037353456 = sum of:
        0.037353456 = weight(_text_:f in 4522) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.037353456 = score(doc=4522,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.12117521 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.985786 = idf(docFreq=2232, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.3082599 = fieldWeight in 4522, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.985786 = idf(docFreq=2232, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4522)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    0.0072083008 = product of:
      0.028833203 = sum of:
        0.028833203 = weight(_text_:22 in 4522) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.028833203 = score(doc=4522,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.10646205 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.2708308 = fieldWeight in 4522, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4522)
      0.25 = coord(1/4)
  0.4 = coord(2/5)

Date

1. 1.2019 11:22:34

Footnote

Rez. unter: http://epaper.neues-deutschland.de/eweb/nd/2019/06/08/a/21/1430691/ [nd E-Paper - 08.06.2019]: Schmid, F.: »Information« ist Syntax, nicht Sinn: Quasisakrale Weltformel.

0.0076878406 = product of:
  0.019219602 = sum of:
    0.013883393 = product of:
      0.04165018 = sum of:
        0.04165018 = weight(_text_:themes in 4127) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.04165018 = score(doc=4127,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.19545428 = queryWeight, product of:
              6.429029 = idf(docFreq=193, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.21309422 = fieldWeight in 4127, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              6.429029 = idf(docFreq=193, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0234375 = fieldNorm(doc=4127)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    0.0053362083 = product of:
      0.016008625 = sum of:
        0.016008625 = weight(_text_:f in 4127) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.016008625 = score(doc=4127,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.12117521 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.985786 = idf(docFreq=2232, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.13211139 = fieldWeight in 4127, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.985786 = idf(docFreq=2232, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0234375 = fieldNorm(doc=4127)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.4 = coord(2/5)

Abstract

For several decades Rafael Capurro has been at the forefront of defining the relationship between information and modernity through both phenomenological and ethical formulations. In exploring both of these themes Capurro has re-vivified the transcultural and intercultural expressions of how we bring an understanding of information to bear on scientific knowledge production and intermediation. Capurro has long stressed the need to look deeply into how we contextualize the information problems that scientific society creates for us and to re-incorporate a pragmatic dimension into our response that provides a balance to the cognitive turn in information science. With contributions from 35 scholars from 15 countries, Information Cultures in the Digital Age focuses on the culture and philosophy of information, information ethics, the relationship of information to message, the historic and semiotic understanding of information, the relationship of information to power and the future of information education. This Festschrift seeks to celebrate Rafael Capurro's important contribution to a global dialogue on how information conceptualization, use and technology impact human culture and the ethical questions that arise from this dynamic relationship.

Content

Inhalt: Super-Science, Fundamental Dimension, Way of Being: Library and Information Science in an Age of Messages / Bawden, David (et al.) (S.31-43) - The "Naturalization" of the Philosophy of Rafael Capurro: Logic, Information and Ethics / Brenner, Joseph E. (S.45-64) - Turing's Cyberworld / Eldred, Michael (S.65-81) - Hermeneutics and Information Science: The Ongoing Journey From Simple Objective Interpretation to Understanding Data as a Form of Disclosure / Kelly, Matthew (S.83-110) - The Epistemological Maturity of Information Science and the Debate Around Paradigms / Ribeiro, Fernanda (et al.) (S.111-124) - A Methodology for Studying Knowledge Creation in Organizational Settings: A Phenomenological Viewpoint / Suorsa, Anna (et al.) (S.125-142) - The Significance of Digital Hermeneutics for the Philosophy of Technology / Tripathi, Arun Kumar (S.143-157) - Reconciling Social Responsibility and Neutrality in LIS Professional Ethics: A Virtue Ethics Approach / Burgess, John T F (S.161-172) - Information Ethics in the Age of Digital Labour and the Surveillance-Industrial Complex / Fuchs, Christian (S.173-190) - Intercultural Information Ethics: A Pragmatic Consideration / Hongladarom, Soraj (S.191-206) - Ethics of European Institutions as Normative Foundation of Responsible Research and Innovation in ICT / Stahl, Bernd Carsten (S.207-219) - Raphael's / Holgate, John D. (S.223-245) - Understanding the Pulse of Existence: An Examination of Capurro's Angeletics / Morador, Fernando Flores (S.247-252) - The Demon in the Gap of Language: Capurro, Ethics and language in Divided Germany / Saldanha, Gustavo Silva (S.253-268) - General Intellect, Communication and Contemporary Media Theory / Frohmann, Bernd (S.271-286) - "Data": The data / Furner, Jonathan (S.287-306) - On the Pre-History of Library Ethics: Documents and Legitimacy / Hansson, Joacim (S.307-319) -

0.0074044764 = product of:
  0.037022382 = sum of:
    0.037022382 = product of:
      0.11106714 = sum of:
        0.11106714 = weight(_text_:themes in 3803) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.11106714 = score(doc=3803,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.19545428 = queryWeight, product of:
              6.429029 = idf(docFreq=193, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.56825125 = fieldWeight in 3803, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              6.429029 = idf(docFreq=193, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3803)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.2 = coord(1/5)

Abstract

This entry presents assumptions and presumed effects of the phenomenon of information overload. In addition to offering definitions and characteristics of the concept, the entry places it within the context of major themes of library and information science inquiry. Topics referenced to explain information overload include its relationship to "the information society," information retrieval, information seeking, information poverty, and cognition.

0.006740384 = product of:
  0.01685096 = sum of:
    0.010672417 = product of:
      0.03201725 = sum of:
        0.03201725 = weight(_text_:f in 1989) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.03201725 = score(doc=1989,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.12117521 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.985786 = idf(docFreq=2232, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.26422277 = fieldWeight in 1989, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.985786 = idf(docFreq=2232, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1989)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
    0.0061785434 = product of:
      0.024714174 = sum of:
        0.024714174 = weight(_text_:22 in 1989) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.024714174 = score(doc=1989,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.10646205 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 1989, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1989)
      0.25 = coord(1/4)
  0.4 = coord(2/5)

Date

22. 7.2000 19:02:20

0.0065446943 = product of:
  0.03272347 = sum of:
    0.03272347 = product of:
      0.098170415 = sum of:
        0.098170415 = weight(_text_:themes in 5978) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.098170415 = score(doc=5978,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.19545428 = queryWeight, product of:
              6.429029 = idf(docFreq=193, maxDocs=44218)
              0.030401835 = queryNorm
            0.5022679 = fieldWeight in 5978, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              6.429029 = idf(docFreq=193, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5978)
      0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
  0.2 = coord(1/5)

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to analyse George Orwell's diaries through an information literacy lens. Orwell is well known for his dedication to freedom of speech and objective truth, and his novel Nineteen Eighty-Four is often used as a lens through which to view the fake news phenomenon. This paper will examine Orwell's diaries in relation to UNESCO's Five Laws of Media and Information Literacy to examine how information literacy concepts can be traced in historical documents. Design/methodology/approach This paper will use a content analysis method to explore Orwell's relationship to information literacy. Two of Orwell's political diaries from the period 1940-42 were coded for key themes related to the ways in which Orwell discusses and evaluates information and news. These themes were then compared to UNESCO Five Laws of Media and Information Literacy. Textual analysis software NVivo 12 was used to perform keyword searches and word frequency queries in the digitised diaries. Findings The findings show that while Orwell's diaries and the Five Laws did not share terminology, they did share ideas on bias and access to information. They also extend the history of information literacy research and practice by illustrating how concerns about the need to evaluate information sources are represented within historical literature. Originality/value This paper combines historical research with textual analysis to bring a unique historical perspective to information literacy, demonstrating that "fake news" is not a recent phenomenon, and that the tools to fight it may also lie in historical research.