Search (18 results, page 1 of 1)

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Theme

Verteilte bibliographische Datenbanken

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Theme

Verteilte bibliographische Datenbanken

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Theme

Verteilte bibliographische Datenbanken

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Verteilte bibliographische Datenbanken

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Theme

Verteilte bibliographische Datenbanken

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Abstract

Der Fachinformationsdienst (FID) Pharmazie verfolgt das Ziel, die Informationsinfrastruktur und die Literaturversorgung für die pharmazeutische Hochschulforschung nachhaltig zu verbessern. Das Projekt wird seit dem 1. Januar 2015 von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft gefördert. Eine Besonderheit stellt die Kooperation zwischen der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig und dem Institut für Informationssysteme (IfIS) der TU Braunschweig dar, wodurch aktuelle Forschung auf dem Gebiet der Informatik in die Implementierung innovativer FID-Dienste mündet. Im Zentrum des Projektes steht der nutzerzentrierte Aufbau einer erweiterbaren und personalisierbaren Informationsinfrastruktur. Das vom FID entwickelte Discovery System "PubPharm" zur pharmaziespezifischen Recherche basiert, als Weiterentwicklung des beluga-Systems der SUB Hamburg, auf der Open Source Software VuFind. Als Datengrundlage enthält es u.a. die Medline Daten, erweitert durch Normdaten, die unter anderem die Suche nach chemischen Strukturen erlauben. Gleichzeitig werden vom Institut für Informationssysteme innovative Suchmöglichkeiten basierend auf Narrativer Intelligenz untersucht und perspektivisch in das Retrieval des Discovery Systems eingebunden. Im Rahmen von sog. FID-Lizenzen bietet der FID Pharmazie Wissenschaftlern/innen Volltextzugriff auf pharmazeutische Fachzeitschriften. Bestandteil der Lizenzen ist das Recht zur Langzeitarchivierung. Bei deren technischer Umsetzung kooperiert der FID mit der TIB Hannover. Der FID Pharmazie koppelt seine Aktivitäten eng an die pharmazeutische Fachcommunity: unter anderem begleitet ein Fachbeirat die Entwicklungen. Im Rahmen der Öffentlichkeitsarbeit werden Nutzer/innen umfassend über die Angebote informiert, u.a. in Webcasts und im PubPharm Blog.

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Theme

Verteilte bibliographische Datenbanken

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Abstract

With the development of the World Wide Web, the "information search" has grown to be a significant business sector of a global, competitive and commercial market. Powerful players have entered this market, such as commercial internet search engines, information portals, multinational publishers and online content integrators. Will Google, Yahoo or Microsoft be the only portals to global knowledge in 2010? If libraries do not want to become marginalized in a key area of their traditional services, they need to acknowledge the challenges that come with the globalisation of scholarly information, the existence and further growth of the academic internet

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Abstract

Do a search on AltaVista for "algebra". What do you get? Nearly 700,000 hits, of which AltaVista will allow you to view only what it determines is the top 200. Major search engines such as AltaVista, Excite, HotBot, Lycos, and the like continue to provide a valuable service, but with the recent growth of the Internet, topic-specific sites that provide some organization to the topic are increasingly important. It the goal of the Mathematics Archives to make it easier for the ordinary user to find useful mathematical information on the Web. The Mathematics Archives (http://archives.math.utk.edu) is a multipurpose site for mathematics on the Internet. The focus is on materials which can be used in mathematics education (primarily at the undergraduate level). Resources available range from shareware and public domain software to electronic proceedings of various conferences, to an extensive collection of annotated links to other mathematical sites. All materials on the Archives are categorized and cross referenced for the convenience of the user. Several search mechanisms are provided. The Harvest search engine is implemented to provide a full text search of most of the pages on the Archives. The software we house and our list of annotated links to mathematical sites are both categorized by subject matter. Each of these collections has a specialized search engine to assist the user in locating desired material. Services at the Mathematics Archives are divided up into five broad topics: * Links organized by Mathematical Topics * Software * Teaching Materials * Other Math Archives Features * Other Links

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Abstract

The Internet would not be very useful if communication were limited to textual exchanges between speakers of English located in the United States. Rather, its value lies in its ability to enable people from multiple nations, speaking multiple languages, to employ multiple media in interacting with each other. While computer networks broke through national boundaries long ago, they remain much more effective for textual communication than for exchanges of sound, images, or mixed media -- and more effective for communication in English than for exchanges in most other languages, much less interactions involving multiple languages. Supporting searching and display in multiple languages is an increasingly important issue for all digital libraries accessible on the Internet. Even if a digital library contains materials in only one language, the content needs to be searchable and displayable on computers in countries speaking other languages. We need to exchange data between digital libraries, whether in a single language or in multiple languages. Data exchanges may be large batch updates or interactive hyperlinks. In any of these cases, character sets must be represented in a consistent manner if exchanges are to succeed. Issues of interoperability, portability, and data exchange related to multi-lingual character sets have received surprisingly little attention in the digital library community or in discussions of standards for information infrastructure, except in Europe. The landmark collection of papers on Standards Policy for Information Infrastructure, for example, contains no discussion of multi-lingual issues except for a passing reference to the Unicode standard. The goal of this short essay is to draw attention to the multi-lingual issues involved in designing digital libraries accessible on the Internet. Many of the multi-lingual design issues parallel those of multi-media digital libraries, a topic more familiar to most readers of D-Lib Magazine. This essay draws examples from multi-media DLs to illustrate some of the urgent design challenges in creating a globally distributed network serving people who speak many languages other than English. First we introduce some general issues of medium, culture, and language, then discuss the design challenges in the transition from local to global systems, lastly addressing technical matters. The technical issues involve the choice of character sets to represent languages, similar to the choices made in representing images or sound. However, the scale of the language problem is far greater. Standards for multi-media representation are being adopted fairly rapidly, in parallel with the availability of multi-media content in electronic form. By contrast, we have hundreds (and sometimes thousands) of years worth of textual materials in hundreds of languages, created long before data encoding standards existed. Textual content from past and present is being encoded in language and application-specific representations that are difficult to exchange without losing data -- if they exchange at all. We illustrate the multi-language DL challenge with examples drawn from the research library community, which typically handles collections of materials in 400 or so languages. These are problems faced not only by developers of digital libraries, but by those who develop and manage any communication technology that crosses national or linguistic boundaries.

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Theme

Internet

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Theme

Internet

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Abstract

This article describes the journey from the conception of and vision for a modern search-engine-based search environment to its technological realisation. In doing so, it takes up the thread of an earlier article on this subject, this time from a technical viewpoint. As well as presenting the conceptual considerations of the initial stages, this article will principally elucidate the technological aspects of this journey. The starting point for the deliberations about development of an academic search engine was the experience we gained through the generally successful project "Digital Library NRW", in which from 1998 to 2000-with Bielefeld University Library in overall charge-we designed a system model for an Internet-based library portal with an improved academic search environment at its core. At the heart of this system was a metasearch with an availability function, to which we added a user interface integrating all relevant source material for study and research. The deficiencies of this approach were felt soon after the system was launched in June 2001. There were problems with the stability and performance of the database retrieval system, with the integration of full-text documents and Internet pages, and with acceptance by users, because users are increasingly performing the searches themselves using search engines rather than going to the library for help in doing searches. Since a long list of problems are also encountered using commercial search engines for academic use (in particular the retrieval of academic information and long-term availability), the idea was born for a search engine configured specifically for academic use. We also hoped that with one single access point founded on improved search engine technology, we could access the heterogeneous academic resources of subject-based bibliographic databases, catalogues, electronic newspapers, document servers and academic web pages.

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Content

"Brüssel. Die erste gemeinsame Online-Bibliothek der Europäischen Union ist nach nur wenigen Stunden wegen technischer Probleme wieder abgeschaltet worden. Ein unerwarteter Besucheransturm legte das Portal www.europeana.eu lahm, sagte ein Sprecher der EU-Kommission am Freitag in Brüssel. Die 20 Millionen Klicks pro Stunde habe die Seite nicht verkraftet. "Wir waren ausgerüstet für fünf Millionen Klicks", begründete der Sprecher die Panne. Spätestens bis Mitte Dezember soll die Seite wieder zur Verfügung stehen. Zuvor müsse zusätzliche Computerkapazität im Rechenzentrum der Universität Amsterdam angemietet werden. Bereits am Donnerstagmittag war die Zahl der Server von drei auf sechs verdoppelt worden, nachdem die Seite bereits in den ersten Stunden nach der Freischaltung vorübergehend zusammengebrochen war. "Die Kosten können noch aus dem Budget der Europeana abgedeckt werden", sagte der Sprecher. Europeana macht Dokumente, Bücher, Gemälde, Filme und Fotografien aus europäischen Sammlungen kostenlos im Internet zugänglich. Bisher sind dort knapp drei Millionen Objekte eingestellt, bis 2010 sollen es zehn Millionen sein. Mehr als 1000 Archive, Museen und Bibliotheken haben bereits digitalisiertes Material geliefert. Die Kommission stellt zwei Millionen Euro pro Jahr für den Unterhalt der Plattform bereit. Die Kosten für die Digitalisierung tragen die Mitgliedstaaten."

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Content

"Die Europäische Union hat zum ersten Mal eine gemeinsame digitale Bibliothek. Auf dem Internetportal www.europeana.eu stehen seit Donnerstag fast drei Millionen Dokumente, Bücher, Gemälde,Filme und Fotografien aus europäischen Sammlungen zur Verfügung, teilte die EU-Kommission mit. Bereits in den ersten Stunden nach der Freischaltung besuchten mehr als zehn Millionen Internetnutzer die Seite, die vorübergehend zusammenbrach. Die Zahl der Server wurde daraufhin von drei auf sechs verdoppelt. "Wir hätten uns in unseren kühnsten Träumen nicht vorstellen können, dass es einen solchen Ansturm auf Europeana gibt", sagte EU-Medienkommissarin Viviane Reding in Brüssel. Bis 2010 sollen auf dem Portal zehn Millionen Objekte in allen EU-Sprachen abrufbar sein. Mehr als 1000 Archive, Museen und Bibliotheken lieferten bereits digitalisiertes Material. Die Kommission stellt zwei Millionen Euro pro Jahr für den Unterhalt der Plattform bereit. Die Kosten für die Digitalisierung tragen die Mitgliedstaaten. Bisher ist nur ein Prozent aller europäischen Kulturgüter elektronisch verfügbar. Um die angestrebte Zahl von zehn Millionen Werken bis 2010 zu erreichen, müssen die Staaten nach Schätzung der Kommission zusammen weitere 350 Millionen Euro in die Hand nehmen. Wie viel die Mitgliedstaaten bisher aufbrachten, blieb offen. Die EU will die Erforschung und Entwicklung von Technologien in dem Bereich in den kommenden zwei Jahren mit 119 Millionen Euro fördern. Die EU-Kulturminister sprachen sich dafür aus, das kulturelle Angebot im Internet weiter auszubauen und gleichzeitig ihren Kampf gegen Online-Piraterie zu verstärken. "Wir wollen legale glaubwürdige Angebote für Verbraucher schaffen", sagte die französische Ressortchefin Christine Albanel, die derzeit die Ministerrunde führt"

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Abstract

The Electronic Cultural Atlas Initiative was formed to encourage scholarly communication and the sharing of data among researchers who emphasize the relationships between place, time, and topic in the study of culture and history. In an effort to develop better tools and practices, The Electronic Cultural Atlas Initiative has sponsored the collaborative development of software for downloading and editing geo-temporal data to create dynamic maps, a clearinghouse of shared datasets accessible through a map-based interface, projects on format and content standards for gazetteers and time period directories, studies to improve geo-temporal aspects in online catalogs, good practice guidelines for preparing e-publications with dynamic geo-temporal displays, and numerous international conferences. The Electronic Cultural Atlas Initiative (ECAI) grew out of discussions among an international group of scholars interested in religious history and area studies. It was established as a unit under the Dean of International and Area Studies at the University of California, Berkeley in 1997. ECAI's mission is to promote an international collaborative effort to transform humanities scholarship through use of the digital environment to share data and by placing greater emphasis on the notions of place and time. Professor Lewis Lancaster is the Director. Professor Michael Buckland, with a library and information studies background, joined the effort as Co-Director in 2000. Assistance from the Lilly Foundation, the California Digital Library (University of California), and other sources has enabled ECAI to nurture a community; to develop a catalog ("clearinghouse") of Internet-accessible georeferenced resources; to support the development of software for obtaining, editing, manipulating, and dynamically visualizing geo-temporally encoded data; and to undertake research and development projects as needs and resources determine. Several hundred scholars worldwide, from a wide range of disciplines, are informally affiliated with ECAI, all interested in shared use of historical and cultural data. The Academia Sinica (Taiwan), The British Library, and the Arts and Humanities Data Service (UK) are among the well-known affiliates. However, ECAI mainly comprises individual scholars and small teams working on their own small projects on a very wide range of cultural, social, and historical topics. Numerous specialist committees have been fostering standardization and collaboration by area and by themes such as trade-routes, cities, religion, and sacred sites.

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Abstract

Flexible organization of information is one of the key design challenges in any digital library. For the past year, we have been working with members of the National Digital Library Project (NDLP) at the Library of Congress to build an experimental system to organize and store library collections. This is a report on the work. In particular, we describe how a few technical building blocks are used to organize the material in collections, such as the NDLP's, and how these methods fit into a general distributed computing framework. The technical building blocks are part of a framework that evolved as part of the Computer Science Technical Reports Project (CSTR). This framework is described in the paper, "A Framework for Distributed Digital Object Services", by Robert Kahn and Robert Wilensky (1995). The main building blocks are: "digital objects", which are used to manage digital material in a networked environment; "handles", which identify digital objects and other network resources; and "repositories", in which digital objects are stored. These concepts are amplified in "Key Concepts in the Architecture of the Digital Library", by William Y. Arms (1995). In summer 1995, after earlier experimental development, work began on the implementation of a full digital library system based on this framework. In addition to Kahn/Wilensky and Arms, several working papers further elaborate on the design concepts. A paper by Carl Lagoze and David Ely, "Implementation Issues in an Open Architectural Framework for Digital Object Services", delves into some of the repository concepts. The initial repository implementation was based on a paper by Carl Lagoze, Robert McGrath, Ed Overly and Nancy Yeager, "A Design for Inter-Operable Secure Object Stores (ISOS)". Work on the handle system, which began in 1992, is described in a series of papers that can be found on the Handle Home Page. The National Digital Library Program (NDLP) at the Library of Congress is a large scale project to convert historic collections to digital form and make them widely available over the Internet. The program is described in two articles by Caroline R. Arms, "Historical Collections for the National Digital Library". The NDLP itself draws on experience gained through the earlier American Memory Program. Based on this work, we have built a pilot system that demonstrates how digital objects can be used to organize complex materials, such as those found in the NDLP. The pilot was demonstrated to members of the library in July 1996. The pilot system includes the handle system for identifying digital objects, a pilot repository to store them, and two user interfaces: one designed for librarians to manage digital objects in the repository, the other for library patrons to access the materials stored in the repository. Materials from the NDLP's Coolidge Consumerism compilation have been deposited into the pilot repository. They include a variety of photographs and texts, converted to digital form. The pilot demonstrates the use of handles for identifying such material, the use of meta-objects for managing sets of digital objects, and the choice of metadata. We are now implementing an enhanced prototype system for completion in early 1997.

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Abstract

The Renardus project has brought together gateways that are 'large-scale national initiatives'. Within the European context this immediately introduces a diversity of organisations, as responsibility for national gateway initiatives is located differently, for example, in national libraries, national agencies with responsibility for educational technology infrastructure, and within universities or consortia of universities. Within the project, gateways are in some cases represented directly by their own personnel, in some cases by other departments or research centres, but not always by the people responsible for providing the gateway service. For example, the UK Resource Discovery Network (RDN) is represented in the project by UKOLN (formerly part of the Resource Discovery Network Centre) and the Institute of Learning and Research Technology (ILRT), University of Bristol -- an RDN 'hub' service provider -- who are primarily responsible for dissemination. Since the start of the project there have been changes within the organisational structures providing gateways and within the service ambitions of gateways themselves. Such lack of stability is inherent within the Internet service environment, and this presents challenges to Renardus activity that has to be planned for a three-year period. For example, within the gateway's funding environment there is now an exploration of 'subject portals' offering more extended services than gateways. There is also potential commercial interest for including gateways as a value-added component to existing commercial services, and new offerings from possible competitors such as Google's Web Directory and country based services. This short update on the Renardus project intends to inform the reader of progress within the project and to give some wider context to its main themes by locating the project within the broader arena of digital library activity. There are twelve partners in the project from Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, the Netherlands and Sweden, as well as the UK. In particular we will focus on the specific activity in which UKOLN is involved: the architectural design, the specification of functional requirements, reaching consensus on a collaborative business model, etc. We will also consider issues of metadata management where all partners have interests. We will highlight implementation issues that connect to areas of debate elsewhere. In particular we see connections with activity related to establishing architectural models for digital library services, connections to the services that may emerge from metadata sharing using the Open Archives Initiative metadata sharing protocol, and links with work elsewhere on navigation of digital information spaces by means of controlled vocabularies.