Search (157 results, page 2 of 8)

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a

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Abstract

Autonomy of operations combined with decentralized management of data gives rise to a number of hetegrogeneous databases or information systems within an enterprise. These systems are often incompatible in structure as well as content and, hence, difficult to integrate. Depsite heterogeneity, the unity of overall purpose within a common application domain, nevertheless, provides a degree of semantic similarity that manifests itself in the form of similar data structures and common usage patterns of existing information systems. This article introduces a conceptual integration approach that exploits the similarity in metalevel information in existing systems and performs 'metadata mining' on database objects to discover a set of concepts that serve as a domain abstraction and provide a conceptual layer is further uitlized by an information reengineering framework that customizes and packages information to reflect the unique needs of differnt user groups within the application domain. The architecture of the information reengineering framework is based on an object-oriented model that represents the discovered concepts as customized application objects for each distinct user group

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a

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Abstract

This study seeks to explore and report international business students' perceptions and expectations of electronic library services at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. A total of 143 international business students an campus volunteered to fill out a survey. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics as weIl as inferential statistics such as t-tests and correlation. A significant portion of international business students has no prior experience with electronic library services in their home countries. Moreover, about a half of international business students go to libraries other than the Business and Economics Library, partly because they provide better environment for study. Although electronic resources are available without the constraint of location, providing reference services for those who do not use the Business and Economics Library becomes a challenge. Virtual reference is an excellent tool, but most international business students do not see it as an important library service. Based an the results, implications for information literacy and virtual reference service are discussed.

Type

a

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Abstract

Information systems are essential support for knowledge management in all types of enterprises. This paper describes the evolution and development of a specialized hospital information system. The system is designed to integrate for access and retrieval from databases of patients' case records, and related images - CATSCAN, MRI, X-Ray - and to enable online access to full text of relevant papers on the Internet/WWW. The generation of information products and services from the system is briefly described.

Source

Knowledge organization, information systems and other essays: Professor A. Neelameghan Festschrift. Ed. by K.S. Raghavan and K.N. Prasad

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a

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Abstract

Research findings from the organizational theory tend to support the position that management uses Information Technology (IT) to maintain existing organizational hierarchy and control. Another body of research from information technology advocates suggests that Information Technology's inherent capabilities transform organization hierarchy and control outside of management's control. In addition, advocates from governmental change toward a more responsive type of government advocate adoption of IT as a form of change mechanism. This article explores these conflicting positions. The authors examines one instance of the development of a form of network organization within the federal government, and the processes of IT change that have occurred over the past 20 years. The agency selected for study is the Federal Emergency Management Administration

Type

a

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Source

Semantic Web: Wege zur vernetzten Wissensgesellschaft. Hrsg.: T. Pellegrini, u. A. Blumauer

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a

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Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of content management in the context of information architecture. Design/methodology/approach - The method adopted is a review of definitions of information architecture and an analysis of the importance of content and its management within information architecture. Findings - Concludes that reality will not necessarily match the vision of organisations investing in information architecture. Originality/value - The paper considers practical issues around content and records management.

Type

a

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Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to focus on knowledge management implementation from an organisational culture perspective and analyse the relationship between knowledge and power within this context. It outlines the reasons why knowledge is a power resource, and proposes that, as such, it can only be managed successfully within the framework of an effective and legitimate use of all organisational power resources. The paper looks at the factors that constitute a legitimate use of power in the Western organisational context of the twenty-first century which in turn engenders the development of trust within employment relationships. The development of trust ensures that knowledge is used to further the achievement of organisational goals. Finally, the paper addresses the ways in which effective knowledge management practice contributes to this desired state, and outlines the role of the knowledge manager in facilitating this. Design/methodology/approach - The method adopted is a literature-based analysis of the main issues covered. These include: the development of the knowledge society and attendant theories around optimal organisational structures, the relationship between knowledge and power, the development of legitimate authority within organisations, and how this impacts on the creation of trust, and finally the impact which the presence of trust has on knowledge-sharing behaviours within the organisation. Findings - Pulling together evidence from across a wide range of academic disciplines leads to the conclusion that the successful management of the relationship between access to knowledge and access to power must be framed within an overall organisational context, in which all power resources are seen to be exercised in a legitimate manner. In this context, knowledge is no longer regarded as a personal power resource, but rather as a communal resource which will then be more likely to be shared freely in order to facilitate the joint and mutually beneficial achievement of organisational goals. Underpinning this organisational dynamic is an environment of trust. Originality/value - The paper provides a summary of the literature around pivotal aspects of the question of the relationship between access to knowledge and the perception of knowledge as a source of power in the organisational context. It pulls together a range of material looking at the needs of the knowledge economy and at issues around the development of legitimate authority and the development of trust in the organisational context. It then relates this back to the successful development of a knowledge-sharing culture, and outlines the role of the knowledge manager in working with employees at all levels in the organisation in developing an optimal culture for knowledge creation and sharing.

Type

a

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Abstract

Briefly describes the information products and services, the related databases, development of digital library and web-resources and web-based services, vocabulary control tools, networking, and other projects of the Library of the National Tuberculosis Institute (NTI), Bangalore. Acknowledges the involvement of and advice and assistance provided by Prof. A. Neelameghan to these programmes and projects.

Source

Knowledge organization, information systems and other essays: Professor A. Neelameghan Festschrift. Ed. by K.S. Raghavan and K.N. Prasad

Type

a

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Abstract

Knowledge management, in particular corporate knowledge management, is a challenge companies and researchers have to meet. The conceptual graph formalism is a good candidate for the representation of corporate knowledge, and for the development of knowledge management systems. But many of the issues concerning the use of conceptual graphs as a metalanguage have not been worked out in detail. By introducing a function that maps higher level to lower level, this paper clarifies the metalevel semantics, notation and manipulation of concepts in the conceptual graph formalism. In addition, this function allows metamodeling activities to take place using the CG notation

Type

a

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Abstract

Webtran tools for authoring and translating domain specific texts can make the multilingual text production in a company more efficient and less expensive. Tile tools have been in production use since spring 2000 for checking and translating product article texts of a specific domain, namely an in-company language in sales catalogues of a mail-order company. Webtran tools have been developed by VTT Information Technology. Use experiences have shown that an automatic translation process is faster than phrase-lexicon assisted manual translation, if an in-company language model is created to control and support the language used within the company

Type

a

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Abstract

We need to use dynamic knowledge organization approaches in order to facilitate effective access and use of domain knowledge. Although there are many approaches to knowledge organization available, it is a challenge to systematically organize evolving domains, because it is not feasible to rely only on humans to create relationships among individual knowledge sources. Additional problems arise because knowledge may not be consistently and completely described, and quality control may not always be in place in distributed knowledge environments. In this article we describe a generic approach to knowledge organization by using systematic knowledge management and applying knowledge-discovery techniques. We use a case-based reasoning system, called TA3, as a core component for knowledge management. Application of symbolic knowledge-discovery component of TA3 supports three main tasks: system optimization, knowledge evolution and evidence creation. To explain advantages of this approach, we use our experience from biomedical domains

Type

a

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Abstract

This paper reports on a portion of a larger ongoing project. We address the issues of information organization and retrieval in large, active commercial websites. More specifically, we address the use of classification for providing access to the contents of such sites. We approach this analysis by describing the functionality and structure of the classification scheme of one such representative, large, active, commercial websites: eBay.com, a web-based auction site for millions of users and items. We compare eBay's classification scheme with the Art & Architecture Thesaurus, which is a tool for describing and providing access to material culture.

Type

a