Search (247 results, page 13 of 13)

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Abstract

Suggests that the public library system in America is unique among nations for universal accessibility and openness to knowledge at community level. Suggests 4 features are distinctive: continuous expansion of the body of knowledge; knowledge accessibility in a free society; libraries as 'temples of pluralism', and simultaneously a unifying force in communal relations. Ideals are threatened by the information flood generated by new technology, with its repercussions on the communal functions of libraries. The Library of Congress's National Digital Library aims at a leadership role in the new electronic environment

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Abstract

The Three Rivers Free-Net (TRFN) is a free community-based computer network sponsored and run by the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. TRFN is designed to link the people of southwestern Pennsylvania to information and resources by bringing local nonprofit and government organizations onto the Web and by linking to selected global sites of interest to the local community. Outlines the history of the project, describes the TRFN infrastructure and provides a tour of the Web site. Discusses the reasons for the success of the TRFN project which include library affiliation, collaboration with other organizations, ongoing evaluation of the service's effectiveness, and training of volunteers. Plans for future additions include a community calendar, a search engine, and a geographic information system for the purpose of enhancing local content

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Abstract

With support provided by a grant from the CLR, the SUNY University Center Libraries conducted a four-campus survey of faculty use of electronic information technologies and resources. The survey and analysis are the first such study includiong all academic disciplines and a broad range of faculty at several institutions joined in a consortial relationship. The survey's objectives were to determine the availability to faculty of equipment and network connections necessary for access to electronic information resources, to measure use and frequency of use of these resources, to report locations from which faculty access electronic information, and to elicit faculty perceptions of obstacles to the use of electronic technologies and library services which might stimulate use of such resources. The findings reveal that there are inequities in access to electronic technologies among the disciplines; that the most common obstacle to use of electronic information for faculty is lack of knowledge about resources; and that there is strong interest in initiating various library transactions via e-mail or a campuswide information system. The survey results present clear mandates related to information services, training, the allocation of funds for networking, and access to electronic information resources for libraries

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Abstract

Sourcefinder (SOFI) is an expert system consisting of a database of annotated reference sources, uisng the Nota Bene software, which serves as a support for reference services at the reference desk of the Main Library at Ohio State University. SOFI is used by new reference librarians as a trainign aid, by experienced librarians in unfamiliar subject areas and has the potential to be used at times and places where reference librarians are unavailable. More direct access to reference knowledge is provided ny means of a series of question units on a variety of subjects, where instructions, last resort suggestions, and sources are arranged in the form of types of reference questions. Reports results of a study to test the SOFI question units against the libraries' catalogue, OSCAR, in its ability to convert raw reference questions into subjects and to match that subject with the library's resources. Reference questions were selected and the results obtained by students compared with those obtained by experienced reference librarians. The 8 questions involved: cities; foreign languages; dates and chronologies; money and finance; government officials; testa and assessment; associations; and abbreviations. Point to ways in which SOFI might be improved in the light of this study and suggests the possibility of making SOFI available on the WWW

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Date

22. 3.2002 8:51:28

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Content

Enthält u.a. die Beiträge: INTRONA, L.D.: Context, power, bodies and information: exploring the 'entangled' contexts of information; JACOB, E.K. u.a.: When essence becomes function: post-structuralist implications for an ecological theory of organizational classification systems; MALMSJO, A.: Conditions for designing different kinds of information systems; JULIEN, H.: Where to from here? Results of an emprical study and user-centred implications for system design; VAKKARI, P.: Task complexity, information types, search strategies and relevance: integrating studies on information seeking and retrieval; SPINK, A.: Towards a theoretical framework for information retrieval in an information seeking context; KUHLTHAU, C.C.: Investigating patterns in information seeking; concepts in context; BREZILLON, P. u.a.: Modeling context in information seeking; BYSTROM, K.: Information seekers in context: an analysis of the 'doer' in INSU studies; AUDUNSON, R.: Can institutional theory contribute to our understanding of information seeking behaviour?; SONNENWALD, D.H.: Evolving perspectives of human information behaviour: conexts, situations, social networks and information horizons; OLSSON, M.: Discourse: a new theoretical framework for examining information behaviour in its social context; KEANE, D.: The information behaviour of senior executives; LIMBERG, L.: Three conceptions of information seeking and use; PRESTON, H. u.a.: An evaluation of case study methodology within information system research; WILSON, T.D.: Exploring models of information behaviour: the 'uncertainty' project; ENNIS, M. u.a.: Towards a predictive model of information seeking: empirical studies of end-user searching; SOLOMON, P.: Information mosaics: patterns of action that structure; TOMS, E.G.: What motivates the browser? ABAD-GARCIA, M.F.: Information needs of physicians at the University Clinic Hospital in Valencia-Spain: GORMAN, P.: Information seeking of primary care physicians: conceptual models and empirical studies; LOMAX, E.C. u.a.: An investigation of the information seeking behavior of medical oncologists in Metropolitan Pittsburgh using a multi-method approach; PETTIGREW, K.E.: Agents of information: the role of community health nurses in linking the elderly with local resources by providing human services information; URQUHART, C.J.: Using vignettes to diagnose information strategies: opportunities and possible problems for information use studies of health professionals; WILDEMUTH, B.M. u.a.: The transition from formalized need to compromised need in the context of clinical problem solving; MARCELLA, R. u. G. BAXTER: The transition from formalized need to compromised need in the context of clinical problem solving; COLES, C.: Information seeking behaviour of public library users: use and non-use of electronic media; GREEN, A.-M. u. E. DAVENPORT: Putting new media in its place: the Edinburgh experience; ROSS, C.S.: Finding without seeking: what readers say about the role of pleasure-reading as a source of information; SAVOLAINEN, R.: Seeking and using information from the Internet: the context of non-work use; SPINK, A. u.a.: Everyday life information-seeking by low-income African American households: Wynnewood Healthy Neighbourhood Project; DIXON, P. u. L. BANWELL: School governors and effective dicision making; COOPER, L. u. C.C. KUHLTHAU: Imagery for constructing meaning in the information search process: a study of middle school students; FABRITIUS, H.: Triangulation as a multiperspective strategy in a qualitative study of information seeking behaviour of journalists; JOHINSTON, S.: Training for the information economy: a study of the information culture of a graduate business school; NICHOLAS, D. u. P. WILLIAMS: The changing information environment: the impact of the Internet on information seeking behaviour in the media; WIJNGAERT, L. van de: A policy capturing study of media choice: the effect information of needs and user characteristics on media choices; FETZER, A.: Validity claims: assigning contextual information; FOSTER, A.: On the interpretative authority of information systems; MUTCH, A.: Information: a critical realist approach; PERRY, M.: Process, representation and taskworld: distributed cognition and the organisation of information; HUOTARI, M.-L.: Social network analysis as a tool to evaluate IM in the public sector: a pilot study at the University of Tampere

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Abstract

More complex contexts of information seeking require extensive thinking that involves an intellectual leap which carries the user `beyond the information given' (Bruner, 1973) to the construction of something `new'. According to Arnheim (1969) such thinking is directly affected by one's visual perception of the world and he argues that the most productive thinking results from this imagery. The application of visual or mental imagery to the relationships and structure in information seeking situations may be thought of as a constructive strategy for making meaning. This paper explores the use of mental imagery in the constructive process of information seeking. For the individual, the meaning of information is not inherent in the information itself but in his or her perception of it and how it fits into an image of the world or personal construct system (Boulding, 1961; Kelly, 1963). The use of imagery may facilitate a user's mental image of information and its relation to previously acquired knowledge and, thus, also facilitate new construction during the information seeking process. Mental imagery has been found to play an important role in creativity and problem solving. Shepard (1978) argues that some of the most creative thoughts and solutions which humans devise are those which are not confined to expression within linear verbal communication but rather spring from mental imagery that embraces a spatial approach to problem solving. Mental imagery is more concrete and visually constructive in nature than verbal methods of problem solving. This paper explores the role of imagery in the constructive tasks of problem solving and learning in the information seeking process.