Search (149 results, page 2 of 8)

  • × theme_ss:"Informationsdienstleistungen"
  • × year_i:[2010 TO 2020}
  1. Fattahi, R.; Dokhtesmati, M.; Saberi, M.: ¬A survey of internet searching skills among intermediate school students : how librarians can help (2010) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The advent and development of the Internet has changed students' pattern of information seeking behaviors. That is also the case in Iran. The current research was carried out by interviewing with and observing of 20 intermediate girl students to assess their information seeking behavior on the web environment through a qualitative approach. Findings indicate an acceptable level of access to the Internet and vast use of web search engines by the girl students in Tehran. However, students' knowledge of the concept and how search engines work and also about the methods and tools of retrieving information from electronic sources other than the search engines is poor. The study also shows that, compared to the Internet, the role of libraries and librarians are gradually diminishing in fulfilling the students' information needs. Authors recommend that school librarians can provide different instructional and information literacy programs to help students improve their information seeking behavior and their knowledge of the Internet.
    Source
    Information und Wissen: global, sozial und frei? Proceedings des 12. Internationalen Symposiums für Informationswissenschaft (ISI 2011) ; Hildesheim, 9. - 11. März 2011. Hrsg.: J. Griesbaum, T. Mandl u. C. Womser-Hacker
  2. Zhang, Y.; Sun, Y.; Xie, B.: Quality of health information for consumers on the web : a systematic review of indicators, criteria, tools, and evaluation results (2015) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The quality of online health information for consumers has been a critical issue that concerns all stakeholders in healthcare. To gain an understanding of how quality is evaluated, this systematic review examined 165 articles in which researchers evaluated the quality of consumer-oriented health information on the web against predefined criteria. It was found that studies typically evaluated quality in relation to the substance and formality of content, as well as to the design of technological platforms. Attention to design, particularly interactivity, privacy, and social and cultural appropriateness is on the rise, which suggests the permeation of a user-centered perspective into the evaluation of health information systems, and a growing recognition of the need to study these systems from a social-technical perspective. Researchers used many preexisting instruments to facilitate evaluation of the formality of content; however, only a few were used in multiple studies, and their validity was questioned. The quality of content (i.e., accuracy and completeness) was always evaluated using proprietary instruments constructed based on medical guidelines or textbooks. The evaluation results revealed that the quality of health information varied across medical domains and across websites, and that the overall quality remained problematic. Future research is needed to examine the quality of user-generated content and to explore opportunities offered by emerging new media that can facilitate the consumer evaluation of health information.
    Source
    Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 66(2015) no.10, S.2071-2084
  3. Shah, C.: Collaborative information seeking (2014) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The notions that information seeking is not always a solitary activity and that people working in collaboration for information intensive tasks should be studied and supported have become more prevalent in recent years. Several new research questions, methodologies, and systems have emerged around these notions that may prove to be useful beyond the field of collaborative information seeking (CIS), with relevance to the broader area of information seeking and behavior. This article provides an overview of such key research work from a variety of domains, including library and information science, computer-supported cooperative work, human-computer interaction, and information retrieval. It starts with explanations of collaboration and how CIS fits in different contexts, emphasizing the interactive, intentional, and mutually beneficial nature of CIS activities. Relations to similar and related fields such as collaborative information retrieval, collaborative information behavior, and collaborative filtering are also clarified. Next, the article presents a synthesis of various frameworks and models that exist in the field today, along with a new synthesis of 12 different dimensions of group activities. A discussion on issues and approaches relating to evaluating various parameters in CIS follows. Finally, a list of known issues and challenges is presented to provide an overview of research opportunities in this field.
    Series
    Advances in information science
    Source
    Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 65(2014) no.2, S.215-236
  4. Karunakaran, A.; Reddy, M.C.; Spence, P.R.: Toward a model of collaborative information behavior in organizations (2013) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    There is increasing interest in topics at the nexus of collaboration and information behavior. A variety of studies conducted in organizational settings have provided us with key insights about the collaborative aspects of seeking, retrieving, and using information. Researchers have used a range of terms, including collaborative information seeking (CIS), collaborative information retrieval (CIR), collaborative search, collaborative sensemaking, and others to describe various pertinent activities. Consequently, we lack conceptual clarity concerning these activities, leading to a tendency to use terms interchangeably when in fact they may be referring to different issues. Here, we offer collaborative information behavior (CIB) as an umbrella term to connote the collaborative aspects of information seeking, retrieval, and use. We provide the contours of a model of CIB synthesized from findings of past studies conducted by our research team as well as other researchers. By reanalyzing and synthesizing the data from those studies, we conceptualize CIB as comprised of a set of constitutive activities, organized into three broad phases-problem formulation, collaborative information seeking, and information use. Some of the activities are specific to a particular phase, whereas others are common to all phases. We explain how those constitutive activities are related to one another. Finally, we discuss the limitations of our model as well as its potential usefulness in advancing CIB research.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 64(2013) no.12, S.2437-2451
  5. Horstmann, W.; Jahn, N.; Schmidt, B.: ¬Der Wandel der Informationspraxis in Forschung und Bibliothek (2015) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Während Informationspraxis in Forschung und Bibliothek früher vom Umgang mit Literatur dominiert war, kommen heute viele neue Werkzeuge zum Einsatz. Office-Produkte, Datenbanken und Online-Plattformen verändern den Alltag in Forschung und Bibliothek und definieren zum Teil völlig neue Felder wissenschaftlicher Informationspraxis, z. B. im Kontext der Bibliometrie, virtueller Forschungsumgebungen oder Forschungsdaten. Der vorliegende Beitrag vergleicht die aktuelle Informationspraxis in der Forschung mit den Schulungsangeboten von Bibliotheken und weist nach, dass sich Forschung und Bibliothek zum Teil voneinander entkoppelt haben und ein zusammenhängendes Angebot zur Vermittlung wissenschaftlicher Informationspraxis am Campus in Gefahr ist. Um ein solches Angebot aufzubauen, wird vorgeschlagen, dass Bibliotheken sich mit Rechenzentren und Fakultäten zusammentun und die Bibliothek als Lernraum und zentralen Ort des wissenschaftlichen Informationsmanagements weiter etablieren. Dabei sollten neue Wege zum Aufbau von Expertise in der Informationspraxis von Bibliotheken beschritten werden, etwa die direkte Beteiligung an wissenschaftlichen Projekten, die Unterstützung von Eigeninitiative des Personals oder gezielte Rekrutierungsstrategien sowie der koordinierte Austausch zwischen Bibliotheken durch Experten und Materialien zu Spezialthemen.
  6. Aharony, N.: Information literacy in the professional literature : an exploratory analysis (2010) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Purpose - The current study aims to review the different publications dealing with information literacy and the emerging trends reflected over the ten years, 1999-2009, in the Web of Science (WOS) database. Design/methodology/approach - The study presents both a statistical descriptive analysis of document type, subject areas, authors, source titles, publication years, languages, countries and keywords of publications extracted from the WOS database, as well as a thorough content analysis of keywords and abstracts extracted from the WOS database. Findings - The main results suggest that the term information literacy has various characteristics in an additional and interesting context: health and medicine. This finding may reflect a tendency of association between information literacy and health and medicine and stresses people's need for information literacy in this specific context. Originality/value - The current study emphasises the notion that information literacy is no longer an issue for librarians or educators only.
  7. Savolainen, R.: Information-seeking processes as temporal developments : comparison of stage-based and cyclic approaches (2018) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Drawing on the ideas of process philosophy, this study elaborates the nature of information-seeking process by approaching them as temporal developments. To this end, a conceptual analysis was made by comparing key models which approach information seeking as stage-based and cyclic processes. The nature of such processes was scrutinized by devoting attention to two main aspects, that is, the temporal order in which the constituents of information seeking appear during the process, and the changes occurring in the constituents. Stage-based approaches draw on linear time concept by conceptualizing such processes as sets of consecutive activities progressing toward a final point. Cyclic approaches conceptualize information-seeking processes as sets of iterative activities which may be repeated. The findings suggest that stage-based and cyclic approaches should not be opposite approaches; rather, they complement each other. However, cyclic models emphasizing the importance of feedback loops have gained more popularity in the modeling of web searching, whereas the interest in the development of stage-based approaches has decreased since the 1990s.
    Source
    Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 69(2018) no.6, S.787-797
  8. Makri, S.; Warwick, C.: Information for inspiration : understanding architects' information seeking and use behaviors to inform design (2010) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Architectural design projects are heavily reliant on electronic information seeking. However, there have been few studies on how architects look for and use information on the Web. We examined the electronic information behavior of 9 postgraduate architectural design and urban design students. We observed them undertake a self-chosen, naturalistic information task related to one of their design projects and found that although the architectural students performed many similar interactive information behaviors to academics and practitioners in other disciplines, they also performed behaviors reflective of the nature of their domain. The included exploring and encountering information (in addition to searching and browsing for it) and visualizing/appropriating information. The observations also highlighted the importance of information use behaviors (such as editing and recording) and communication behaviors (such as sharing and distributing) as well as the importance of multimedia materials, particularly images, for architectural design projects. A key overarching theme was that inspiration was found to be both an important driver for and potential outcome of information work in the architecture domain, suggesting the need to design electronic information tools for architects that encourage and foster creativity. We make suggestions for the design of such tools based on our findings.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 61(2010) no.9, S.1745-1770
  9. Balatsoukas, P.; Demian, P.: Effects of granularity of search results on the relevance judgment behavior of engineers : building systems for retrieval and understanding of context (2010) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Granularity is a novel concept for presenting information in search result interfaces of hierarchical query-driven information retrieval systems in a manner that can support understanding and exploration of the context of the retrieved information (e.g., by highlighting its position in the granular hierarchy and exposing its relationship with relatives in the hierarchy). Little research, however, has been conducted on the effects of granularity of search results on the relevance judgment behavior of engineers. Engineers are highly motivated information users who are particularly interested in understanding the context of the retrieved information. Therefore, it is hypothesized that the design of systems with careful regard for granularity would improve engineers' relevance judgment behavior. To test this hypothesis, a prototype system was developed and evaluated in terms of the time needed for users to find relevant information, the accuracy of their relevance judgment, and their subjective satisfaction. To evaluate the prototype, a user study was conducted where participants were asked to complete tasks, complete a satisfaction questionnaire, and be interviewed. The findings showed that participants performed better and were more satisfied when the prototype system presented only relevant information in context. Although this study presents some novel findings about the effects of granularity and context on user relevance judgment behavior, the results should be interpreted with caution. For example, participants in this research were recruited by convenience and performed a set of simulated tasks as opposed to real ones. However, suggestions for further research are presented.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 61(2010) no.3, S.453-467
  10. Hughes, B.; Wareham, J.; Joshi, I.: Doctors' online information needs, cognitive search strategies, and judgments of information quality and cognitive authority : how predictive judgments introduce bias into cognitive search models (2010) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Literature examining information judgments and Internet search behaviors notes a number of major research gaps, including how users actually make these judgments outside of experiments or researcher-defined tasks, and how search behavior is impacted by a user's judgment of online information. Using the medical setting, where doctors face real consequences in applying the information found, we examine how information judgments employed by doctors to mitigate risk impact their cognitive search. Diaries encompassing 444 real clinical information search incidents, combined with semistructured interviews across 35 doctors, were analyzed via thematic analysis. Results show that doctors, though aware of the need for information quality and cognitive authority, rarely make evaluative judgments. This is explained by navigational bias in information searches and via predictive judgments that favor known sites where doctors perceive levels of information quality and cognitive authority. Doctors' mental models of the Internet sites and Web experience relevant to the task type enable these predictive judgments. These results suggest a model connecting online cognitive search and information judgment literatures. Moreover, this implies a need to understand cognitive search through longitudinal- or learning-based views for repeated search tasks, and adaptations to medical practitioner training and tools for online search.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 61(2010) no.3, S.433-452
  11. Wan-Chik, R.; Clough, P.; Sanderson, M.: Investigating religious information searching through analysis of a search engine log (2013) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    In this paper we present results from an investigation of religious information searching based on analyzing log files from a large general-purpose search engine. From approximately 15 million queries, we identified 124,422 that were part of 60,759 user sessions. We present a method for categorizing queries based on related terms and show differences in search patterns between religious searches and web searching more generally. We also investigate the search patterns found in queries related to 5 religions: Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism, and Judaism. Different search patterns are found to emerge. Results from this study complement existing studies of religious information searching and provide a level of detailed analysis not reported to date. We show, for example, that sessions involving religion-related queries tend to last longer, that the lengths of religion-related queries are greater, and that the number of unique URLs clicked is higher when compared to all queries. The results of the study can serve to provide information on what this large population of users is actually searching for.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 64(2013) no.12, S.2492-2506
  12. Verein Deutscher Bibliothekare: Wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken in Deutschland unterstützen die neuen Studiengänge durch die nachhaltige Förderung von Informations- und Medienkompetenz : Hamburger Erklärung des Vereins Deutscher Bibliothekare e.V. (VDB) (2010) 0.00 
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    Content
    4. Hauptsächliche Zielgruppen der Bibliothekskurse/-veranstaltungen und des Lernorts Bibliothek sind Studienanfänger/-innen, Studierende im Grund- und im Hauptstudium, Examenssemester und Wissenschaftler/-innen. Außerdem bieten die wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken Programme für Schüler(innen) der gymnasialen Oberstufe im Rahmen der Seminarkurse und des Seminarfachunterrichts als Beitrag zur Förderung der Studierfähigkeit an. Im Jahr 2008 führten laut Deutscher Bibliotheksstatistik (DBS) die 236 wissenschaftlichen Universal- und Hochschulbibliotheken insgesamt über 44.000 Schulungsstunden für rund 394.000 Personen durch. 5. Die Leitlinien für die inhaltliche Ausgestaltung der Kursangebote bilden die vom Deutschen Bibliotheksverband verabschiedeten "Standards der Informationskompetenz für Studierende". Diese setzen folgende Schwerpunkte: - Bibliotheks- und Ressourcenkenntnis (Medientypen) - Fähigkeiten und Fertigkeiten im eigenständigen Umgang mit Katalogen, Datenbanken, digitalen Volltextsammlungen, Internetsuchmaschinen, neuen Medien - jeweils unter Berücksichtigung des Fachbezugs - Fähigkeiten und Fertigkeiten der fundierten Literatursuche, insbesondere der gezielten Auswahl von wissenschaftlich relevanten Informations- und Medienressourcen, der Bewertung und Auswahl sowie der Verarbeitung von Informationen (Literaturverwaltungssysteme) - Kenntnisse rechtlicher Grundlagen (Urheberrechte/Copyright usw.) und ethischer Implikationen (Zitieren, Plagiarismus usw.) - weitere für das Studium wichtige grundlegende methodische Kenntnisse, Fähigkeiten und Fertigkeiten, die nach Absprache mit den Fachbereichen und Instituten von Bibliothekar(inn)en vermittelt werden können (Lern-und Schreibstrategien, Präsentationstechniken u.ä.). Diese Kompetenzen sollten Eingang finden in die entsprechenden Module der Bachelor- und Master-Studiengänge.
    6. Die von den Universitäts- und Hochschulbibliotheken durchgeführten Schulungen und Kurse zur Informations- und Medienkompetenz unterliegen der laufenden Evaluation und Lernerfolgskontrolle, die auch im Rahmen von mündlichen und/oder schriftlichen Prüfungen vorgenommen wird. 7. Die Universitäts- und Hochschulbibliotheken können die mit der Vermittlung von Informations- und Medienkompetenz verbundenen Aufgaben langfristig und verlässlich nur wahrnehmen, wenn sie in ausreichendem Umfang über - didaktisch geschultes - Bibliotheks-Lehrpersonal, über die notwendige, lernförderliche räumliche und technische Infrastruktur, einschließlich der für die virtuelle Lernunterstützung unabdingbaren Softwarelizenzen, verfügen und mit den erforderlichen Lehr- und Prüfungsberechtigungen sowie der Berechtigung zur Vergabe von ECTS-Punkten ausgestattet sind. Die Universitäts- und Hochschulbibliotheken gelten in diesem Sinne als anerkannte Lehr-Lernorte für Informations- und Medienkompetenz zur Unterstützung der Hochschullehre und des von den Studierenden der Bachelor- und Master-Studiengänge verstärkt geforderten selbstständigen Lernens. 8. Um die in diesem Grundsatzpapier aufgeführten Ziele der Universitäts- und Hochschulbibliotheken auf dem Gebiet der nachhaltigen Förderung von Informations- und Medienkompetenz verwirklichen zu können, setzt sich der Verein Deutscher Bibliothekare e.V. (VDB) für ein gemeinsames, abgestimmtes Handeln des Dachverbandes Bibliothek Information Deutschland (BID), des Deutschen Bibliotheksverbandes (DBV), des Berufsverbandes Information Bibliothek (BIB), der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Informationswissenschaft und Informationspraxis e.V. (DGI) und der unter www.informationskompetenz.de zusammengeschlossenen regionalen Arbeitsgemeinschaften und Netzwerke (zur Zeit: Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Bremen, Hamburg, Hessen, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz und Saarland, Sachsen, Schleswig-Holstein, Thüringen) ein. Da es auf europäischer und auch auf internationaler Ebene seit längerem breite Bestrebungen zur Vermittlung von Informations- und Medienkompetenz durch Bibliotheken gibt, soll auf entsprechende Aktivitäten seitens des deutschen Bibliotheks- und Informationswesens im Rahmen der IFLA und des European Network for Information Literacy (EnIL) Bezug genommen werden."
  13. Chang, Y.-W.: ¬The influence of Taylor's paper, Question-Negotiation and Information-Seeking in Libraries (2013) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    This study uses bibliometric analysis and citation context analysis to identify the influence of the main concepts embedded in Taylor's 1968 classic article entitled Question-Negotiation and Information-Seeking in Libraries. This study analyses articles published between 1969 and 2010 which cite Taylor's article. The results show that Taylor's article on a question-negotiation model is increasingly visible and its influence is not limited to the discipline of library and information science. Of the 14 cited concepts identified, the concept of "four levels of information needs" was cited most (31.7%), followed by "question negotiation" (20.5%) and "other concepts relating to information needs" (17.9%). The results indicate an increasing trend in the citations of "four levels of information needs" and this concept also received the most attention from information retrieval research. A decreasing trend was evident for the concept of "question negotiation" and this concept was frequently cited by reference service researchers. In addition, among the 10 citation functions, "related literature" was dominant (30.8%). Both "evidence" and "views" were in second place with the same percentage (18.7%), followed by "terms" (9.2%) and "background information" (7.2%). A decreasing trend was identified in the top three citation functions, whereas an increasing trend was observed in the "term" and "background information" functions.
    Footnote
    Bezugnahme auf: Taylor, R.S.: Question negotiation and information seeking in libraries. In: College and research libraries. 29(1968) no.3, S.178-194.
    Source
    Information processing and management. 49(2013) no.5, S.983-994
  14. Agarwal, N.K.: Exploring context in information behavior : seeker, situation, surroundings, and shared identities (2018) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The field of human information behavior runs the gamut of processes from the realization of a need or gap in understanding, to the search for information from one or more sources to fill that gap, to the use of that information to complete a task at hand or to satisfy a curiosity, as well as other behaviors such as avoiding information or finding information serendipitously. Designers of mechanisms, tools, and computer-based systems to facilitate this seeking and search process often lack a full knowledge of the context surrounding the search. This context may vary depending on the job or role of the person; individual characteristics such as personality, domain knowledge, age, gender, perception of self, etc.; the task at hand; the source and the channel and their degree of accessibility and usability; and the relationship that the seeker shares with the source. Yet researchers have yet to agree on what context really means. While there have been various research studies incorporating context, and biennial conferences on context in information behavior, there lacks a clear definition of what context is, what its boundaries are, and what elements and variables comprise context. In this book, we look at the many definitions of and the theoretical and empirical studies on context, and I attempt to map the conceptual space of context in information behavior. I propose theoretical frameworks to map the boundaries, elements, and variables of context. I then discuss how to incorporate these frameworks and variables in the design of research studies on context. We then arrive at a unified definition of context. This book should provide designers of search systems a better understanding of context as they seek to meet the needs and demands of information seekers. It will be an important resource for researchers in Library and Information Science, especially doctoral students looking for one resource that covers an exhaustive range of the most current literature related to context, the best selection of classics, and a synthesis of these into theoretical frameworks and a unified definition. The book should help to move forward research in the field by clarifying the elements, variables, and views that are pertinent. In particular, the list of elements to be considered, and the variables associated with each element will be extremely useful to researchers wanting to include the influences of context in their studies.
    LCSH
    Information behavior
    Series
    Synthesis lectures on information concepts, retrieval, and services; 61
    Subject
    Information behavior
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  15. Serenko, A.; Detlor, B.; Julien, H.; Booker, L.D.: ¬A model of student learning outcomes of information literacy instruction in a business school (2012) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    This study presents and tests a research model of the outcomes of information literacy instruction (ILI) given to undergraduate business students. This model is based on expectation disconfirmation theory and insights garnered from a recent qualitative investigation of student learning outcomes from ILI given at three business schools. The model was tested through a web survey administered to 372 students. The model represents psychological, behavioral, and benefit outcomes as second-order molecular constructs. Results from a partial least squares (PLS) analysis reveal that expectation disconfirmation influences perceived quality and student satisfaction. These in turn affect student psychological outcomes. Further, psychological outcomes influence student behaviors, which in turn affect benefit outcomes. Based on the study's findings, several recommendations are made.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 63(2012) no.4, S.671-686
  16. Dörr, M.: ein Praxisbericht : Vom Sondersammelgebiet zum Fachinformationsdienst (2014) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Die laufende Umgestaltung des etablierten Systems der von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) geförderten Sondersammelgebiete in Fachinformationsdienste für die Wissenschaft wird in der bibliothekarischen Öffentlichkeit, nicht nur von den betroffenen Bibliotheken, intensiv diskutiert. Der Beitrag schildert den Übergang von den Sondersammelgebieten zu Fachinformationsdiensten aus der Perspektive einer betroffenen Bibliothek, der Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen. Dabei werden sowohl die Konzepte, die die Bibliothek für ihre bereits gestellten Fachinformationsanträge verfolgte, dargestellt als auch bibliotheksübergreifende Überlegungen zur Umgestaltung des Sondersammelgebietssystems und seinen Konsequenzen angestellt.
  17. Li, Y.; Belkin, N.J.: ¬An exploration of the relationships between work task and interactive information search behavior (2010) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    This study explores the relationships between work task and interactive information search behavior. Work task was conceptualized based on a faceted classification of task. An experiment was conducted with six work-task types and simulated work-task situations assigned to 24 participants. The results indicate that users present different behavior patterns to approach useful information for different work tasks: They select information systems to search based on the work tasks at hand, different work tasks motivate different types of search tasks, and different facets controlled in the study play different roles in shaping users' interactive information search behavior. The results provide empirical evidence to support the view that work tasks and search tasks play different roles in a user's interaction with information systems and that work task should be considered as a multifaceted variable. The findings provide a possibility to make predictions of a user's information search behavior from his or her work task, and vice versa. Thus, this study sheds light on task-based information seeking and search, and has implications in adaptive information retrieval (IR) and personalization of IR.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 61(2010) no.9, S.1771-1789
  18. Ford, N.: Introduction to information behaviour (2015) 0.00 
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    Date
    22. 1.2017 16:45:48
    LCSH
    Information behavior
    Subject
    Information behavior
  19. Rosenbaum, H.; Shachaf, P.: ¬A structuration approach to online communities of practice : the case of Q&A communities (2010) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    This article describes an approach based on structuration theory (Giddens, 1979, 1984; Orlikowski, 1992, 2000) and communities of practice (Wenger, 1998) that can be used to guide investigation into the dynamics of online question and answer (Q&A) communities. This approach is useful because most research on Q&A sites has focused attention on information retrieval, information-seeking behavior, and information intermediation and has assumed uncritically that the online Q&A community plays an important role in these domains of study. Assuming instead that research on online communities should take into account social, technical, and contextual factors (Kling, Rosenbaum, & Sawyer, 2005), the utility of this approach is demonstrated with an analysis of three online Q&A communities seen as communities of practice. This article makes a theoretical contribution to the study of online Q&A communities and, more generally, to the domain of social reference.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 61(2010) no.9, S.1933-1944
  20. Zhang, X.; Liu, J.; Cole, M.; Belkin, N.: Predicting users' domain knowledge in information retrieval using multiple regression analysis of search behaviors (2015) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    User domain knowledge affects search behaviors and search success. Predicting a user's knowledge level from implicit evidence such as search behaviors could allow an adaptive information retrieval system to better personalize its interaction with users. This study examines whether user domain knowledge can be predicted from search behaviors by applying a regression modeling analysis method. We identify behavioral features that contribute most to a successful prediction model. A user experiment was conducted with 40 participants searching on task topics in the domain of genomics. Participant domain knowledge level was assessed based on the users' familiarity with and expertise in the search topics and their knowledge of MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) terms in the categories that corresponded to the search topics. Users' search behaviors were captured by logging software, which includes querying behaviors, document selection behaviors, and general task interaction behaviors. Multiple regression analysis was run on the behavioral data using different variable selection methods. Four successful predictive models were identified, each involving a slightly different set of behavioral variables. The models were compared for the best on model fit, significance of the model, and contributions of individual predictors in each model. Each model was validated using the split sampling method. The final model highlights three behavioral variables as domain knowledge level predictors: the number of documents saved, the average query length, and the average ranking position of the documents opened. The results are discussed, study limitations are addressed, and future research directions are suggested.
    Source
    Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 66(2015) no.5, S.980-1000

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