Search (274 results, page 1 of 14)

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Abstract

Presents a state of the art review of current awareness services in 1997 noting: the components of typical current awareness services; the range and types of databases that may be scanned during searches; and the role of feedback and document delivery mechanisms. Includes a checklist of criteria which may be used to evaluate current awreness services, including: database coverage; timeliness and currency; cost; and mechansims for creating and maintaining user SDI profiles. Discusses the main types of current awareness services: contents page services; abstracting and indexing services; and integrated online products (such as Engineering Index's Engineering Village), including SDI. Considers the concept of currency and remarks on the tendency for current awareness services to be products of a producer led rather than a user led culture

Date

9. 2.1997 18:44:22
22. 2.1999 17:48:45

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Abstract

Professional librarians operate in an environment characterized by a high level of change. In order to respond to this information environment, it is essential for science and engineering librarians to keep pace with the staggering growth in research information and resources, and with the heightened expectation of the populations with which they interact. The paradox of the need for subject specificity coupled with the need for diversity of subject knowledge presents reference librarians with an unusual challenge. Continuing education programs that are woven into the fabric of job responsibilities can be utilized effectively to enhance the abilities of reference librarians and the quality of services delivered. In this article, Cromer and Testi present a model of a structured, integrated continuing education program for reference librarians utilized at the University of New Mexico's Centennial Science and Engineering Library

Source

Reference services review. 22(1994) no.4, S.51-58

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Abstract

Die Arbeit geht dem Status quo der unternehmensweiten Suche in österreichischen Großunternehmen nach und beleuchtet Faktoren, die darauf Einfluss haben. Aus der Analyse des Ist-Zustands wird der Bedarf an Enterprise-Search-Software abgeleitet und es werden Rahmenbedingungen für deren erfolgreiche Einführung skizziert. Die Untersuchung stützt sich auf eine im Jahr 2009 durchgeführte Onlinebefragung von 469 österreichischen Großunternehmen (Rücklauf 22 %) und daran anschließende Leitfadeninterviews mit zwölf Teilnehmern der Onlinebefragung. Der theoretische Teil verortet die Arbeit im Kontext des Informations- und Wissensmanagements. Der Fokus liegt auf dem Ansatz der Enterprise Search, ihrer Abgrenzung gegenüber der Suche im Internet und ihrem Leistungsspektrum. Im empirischen Teil wird zunächst aufgezeigt, wie die Unternehmen ihre Informationen organisieren und welche Probleme dabei auftreten. Es folgt eine Analyse des Status quo der Informati-onssuche im Unternehmen. Abschließend werden Bekanntheit und Einsatz von Enterprise-Search-Software in der Zielgruppe untersucht sowie für die Einführung dieser Software nötige Rahmenbedingungen benannt. Defizite machen die Befragten insbesondere im Hinblick auf die übergreifende Suche im Unternehmen und die Suche nach Kompetenzträgern aus. Hier werden Lücken im Wissensmanagement offenbar. 29 % der Respondenten der Onlinebefragung geben zu-dem an, dass es in ihren Unternehmen gelegentlich bis häufig zu Fehlentscheidungen infolge defizitärer Informationslagen kommt. Enterprise-Search-Software kommt in 17 % der Unternehmen, die sich an der Onlinebefragung beteiligten, zum Einsatz. Die durch Enterprise-Search-Software bewirkten Veränderungen werden grundsätzlich posi-tiv beurteilt. Alles in allem zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass Enterprise-Search-Strategien nur Erfolg haben können, wenn man sie in umfassende Maßnahmen des Informations- und Wissensmanagements einbettet.

Date

22. 1.2016 20:40:31

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Abstract

Describes the EDUCATE (End User Courses in Information Access through Communications Technology) project for end user training in information access. EDUCATE is a Commission of the European Communities, Libraries Programme Project, involving: Limerick University, Ireland (coordinator); and the Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussees, France; Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden; Imperial College, London; and Plymouth University, UK; and Barcelona University, Spain. the aim is to produce a model self paced user education course in the selection and use of information tools. Courses have been produced within physics and electric and electronic engineering. the project started in Feb 94 and will run for 3 years. Describes the course ddesign and the media developed. Discusses the use of networks in connection with EDUCATE and notes the tools and interfaces used

Source

IFLA journal. 22(1996) no.1, S.31-34

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Abstract

"Wissensmanagement in KMU - Expertenworkshop in Mannheim" in Trägerschaft des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Technologie. Die Ergebnisse des Workshops wurden von Hans Jürgen Herrmann von der Fraunhofer Gesellschaft (Projektträger Neue Medien in der Bildung und Fachinformation) hochinformativ zusammengefasst. Gibt es zum Thema "Wissensmanagement in kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen" überhaupt Handlungsbedarf? Ja, sagten die Experten, zumal der Leidens- und Wissensdruck in KMUs stetig ansteige.

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Date

11. 6.2004 14:52:22

Footnote

Rez. in BuB 56(2004) H.2, S.148-149 (J. Plieninger): "Guy St. Clair wagt mit diesem Buch den ganz großen Wurf, er diskutiert nicht weniger als ein neues Profil für die Informationsberufe, deren Aus- und Fortbildung sowie ein Entwicklungskonzept für das Wissensmanagement in Unternehmen. Im Informationsmanagement ist er als Autor wohl bekannt - er gibt bei Saur die Reihe heraus, in der auch dieses Buch erschienen ist-, im Bibliothekswesen war er für den Bereich der One-Person Librarians (OPL) von Bedeutung, stand er doch in den USA und auch in Deutschland am Anfang deren »Bewegung«. Nun also ein neues Berufsbild und neue Ausbildungsformen als Entwurf, sagen wir gleich: als Utopie. Schauen wir aber ein wenig genauerhin. Zertifizierte Aus- und Fortbildung Am Anfang seiner Überlegungen steht die These, dass keiner der herkömmlichen Informationsberufe - Bibliothekar, Dokumentar und Archivar - den Anforderungen so ganz entspricht, dass auch die Aus- und Fortbildung für diese Berufe im Argen liegt, wie Schließungen von Hochschulen und fortwährende Studiengangs- und Curriculumsrevisionen zeigen. Er versucht daher, den gordischen Knoten zu durchschlagen, indem er einen neuen Beruf des »Knowledge Workers« konzipiert, der sich aus der Konvergenz des Informationsmanage ments, Wissensmanagements und des strategischen, arbeitsorientierten Lernens ergeben soll. Obwohl er zu Anfang neben Spezialbibliotheken auch wissenschaftliche und Offentliche Bibliotheken diskutiert, beziehen sich seine späteren Überlegungen vor allem auf die Spezial- und hier insbesondere auf die Firmenbibliotheken beziehungsweise -informationszentren. Und auch hier sind es weniger die kleinen und mittleren Firmen mit ihren One-Person Libraries als die großen Firmen mit umfangreicheren Informationsdienstleistungseinheiten, auf die seine Überlegungen passen. Bei ihnen soll, ähnlich den Firmen-»Universitäten«, wie wir sie bereits von großen Konzernen her kennen, ein »Knowledge Services Learning Institute« implementiert werden, das die Ausund Fortbildung für die im Informationssektor Beschäftigten organisieren und zertifizierte Kurse und Abschlüsse anbieten soll.
Dadurch wäre gewährleistet, dass die Aus- und Fortbildung nahe an den aktuellen Bedürfnissen der Arbeitsstelle und doch nach hohem Standard durchgeführtwird. Für die Zertifizierung der Kurse und Abschlüsse soll ein unabhängiges, internationales »Knowledge Council« eingerichtetwerden, das neben der Zertifi-zierung auch Forschung betreiben und einen Austausch ermöglichen soll. Es werden also internationale Standards angestrebt, die die Qualitätssicherung und Vergleichbarkeit der bei den lokalen Trägern angesiedelten Fortbildung gewährleisten sollen. Konzept fiir große Verhältnisse Das Ziel dieses Konzepts ist die Einführung eines Systems des professionellen Lernens für Wissensarbeiter, das der Wissensentwicklung und der Wissensverteilung (»Knowledge Development and Knowledge Sharing«) im Unternehmen direkt zugute kommen soll. Ziel soll ein exzellenter Service im Wissensmanagement sein und ein sich selbst verstärkender Prozess des Lernens der Organisation in Gang gebrachtwerden. Man könnte St. Clair vorwerfen, dass seine mit vielen Zitaten aus der Managementliteratur versehenen Überlegungen nicht konkret genug seien, er möchte aber erklärtermaßen erst einmal einen Rahmen abstecken, in dem so etwas funktionieren könnte. Und das macht er gut: In den Kapiteln, in denen es um die Einführung des Lernzentrums geht, werden knüppeldick strategische Hinweise samt Checklisten gegeben, wie man das innerhalb der Firma angehen kann, um ein solches Projekt einzuführen. Am Anfang der Konzeption steht beispielsweise ein »LearningAudit«, der ähnlich dem aus dem Bibliotheksmanagement bekannten »Information Audit« die Bedürfnisse und Strukturen im Aus- und Fortbildung erhebt. Und da St. Clair Management aus dem Effeff kann, sind auch die folgenden Schritte hervorragend beschrieben. Die Vision und ihre Umsetzung kann also sehr gut nachvollzogen werden.

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Abstract

Die Forderungen nach einer neuen Informationsinfrastruktur bzw, einem integrierten Informationsmanagement an den Hochschulen sind nicht originell, gewinnen aber unter dem Eindruck u.a. der Empfehlungen des Wissenschaftsrats zur digitalen Informationsversorgung durch Hochschulbibliotheken sowie ähnlicher Initiativen (DINI, DFG usw.) an Bedeutung. Es geht dabei bekanntlich um den Verbund von Rechenzentrum, Bibliothek, Medienzentrum sowie den Informationseinrichtungen der Fachbereiche. Auch von publizistischer und von informationswissenschaftlicher Seite wird eine Reform des Informationssystems an den Hochschulen gefordert teilweise allerdings mit unsachlichen und verzerrenden Argumenten, was die Funktion der Bibliothek und die Rolle der Bibliothekare betrifft. Diesen wird nur bedingt zugetraut im Kontext einer neuen Informationsstruktur als Informations- und Wissensmanager zu agieren. Der vorliegende Beitrag versteht sich insofern als "aufklärerisch" und versucht, aus der praktischen Sicht einer Universitätsbibliothek Zerrbilder über "die" Bibliothek und "die" Bibliothekare zu korrigieren, darüber hinaus Gedanken zum bibliothekarischen Wissensmanagement der Zukunft zu entwickeln.

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Abstract

In Bibliotheken hat Informations- und Wissensmanagement zweierlei Ausprägungen, nämlich einerseits die Vermittlung von Information und Wissen nach außen - an den Kunden -, andererseits das Sammeln, Ordnen und Bereitstellen von Daten, Informationen und Wissen als traditionelle Aufgabe. Letzteres erfolgte bisher in der Regel nur im Hinblick auf die Bereitstellung der Medien nach außen. Innerbetriebliches Informations- und Wissensmanagement hingegen zielt auf das Bereitstellen interner Informationen an die Mitarbeitenden ab, damit diese die nach außen gerichteten Dienstleistungen erfolgreich erbringen können. Das heißt: Verfahrensweisen, die sich für das Bereitstellen der nach außen gerichteten Informationen bewährt haben, sind auf innerbetriebliche Prozesse zu adaptieren und anzuwenden. Hierbei bedarf es der Unterstützung durch geeignete Software, deren Entwicklung Gegenstand aktueller Forschung ist. Ausgereifte Produkte für diesen Zweck sind bisher nicht verfügbar. Damit eröffnet sich zugleich ein neues Handlungsfeld für Bibliothekare, in das sie ihre Erfahrungen und Fähigkeiten im Informations- und Wissensmanagement einbringen können. Da es sich hierbei um ein interdisziplinäres Arbeitsumfeld handelt, ist eine enge Zusammenarbeit von Bibliothekaren, Informatikern und Betriebswirtschaftlern sinnvoll. Die folgenden Ausführungen haben zum Ziel, die Anforderungen der Informations- und Wissensgesellschaft in Bibliotheken aufzuzeigen und die Umsetzung konkreter Maßnahmen für die interne Nutzung im lnformations-Dienst der Bibliotheken darzustellen. Im Alltagsbetrieb der UB Hagen wurde untersucht, ob Systeme wie z.B. APOSDLE die geforderten Prozesse wirksam unterstützen können.

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Abstract

From 1978 to 1990 the College of Engineering, Michigan University, offered a course: 'Technical Communications: Information Resources for Engineers' to students working on research projects. Reports results of a 1993 follow up study, to assess the impact of the course. The study also revealed that many engineers have access to the tools needed for electronic information retrieval, and that while few receive formal training in their use, there is widespread interest in learning more

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Date

22. 1.2000 19:29:08

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Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to outline how article genres, or article types, are classified and described in the disciplines of biology, education, and software engineering. By using the expression article genres, emphasis is placed on the social role of journal articles that, as such, accomplish specific communicative functions and are intended for a certain context and audience. Design/methodology/approach - Drawing on this idea, the instructions to authors of the research journals cited in the Journal Citation Reports for each of the three disciplines are analysed. Findings - The information provided by the instructions to authors of major publications in the fields studied allows one to describe the following article genres: major articles, theoretical articles, review articles, short articles, practice-oriented articles, case studies, comment and opinion, and reviews. Research limitations/implications - Results show that article genres reflect the nature of research in each field to the extent that using them to describe items along with topic may improve management and retrieval of scientific documents. In addition, article genres perform specific communicative functions within disciplinary communities, which accounts for both emerging types of articles and variations in traditional types. Originality/value - The paper summarizes the information on article genres available in the instructions to authors of scientific journals in the disciplines of biology, education and software engineering. It attempts to show how results can mirror the nature of research in each field as well as current debates within each discipline on the state and quality of research. Also it shows how article genres convey specific communication needs within disciplinary communities, which proves that genres are social and evolving objects.

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Abstract

Some form of information accounting must be brought on line and accepted by accountants and business managers if the holdings of information assets and the products of information work are to be given their proper importance. Discusses the questions of defining and measuring the value of information and presents an integrated value methodology which draws on the analytical resources of accounting theory and systems engineering. Implementation of the methodology has shown that it is feasible to deal rogorously with the intangible value related to information and information assets and to reflect it meaningfully back into a financial framework. A respected form of information accounting will yield distinct direct and political advantages

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Abstract

This article describes Archimedes, a set of HyperCard stacks running on a network in the Engineering Library at the University of Michigan. Archimedes works as a reference alternative for library users when a librarian is unavailable. This article discusses the design philosophy of the stacks and presents descriptive statistics and analysis of the first year of use by the public. The data demonstrate the ease of anonymously and unobtrusively monitoring system use, support the design philosophy of the multistack networked approach, and indicate that library users consult Archimedes for reference information. The data afford a seldom-seen glimpse of the information-searching process library users employ. By recording the sequence of steps they take when left to their own devices and noting where that search process ended, the data give some indication of what people want from a reference interview and when they think they have received it

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Abstract

This research explores the link between information culture and information use in three organizations. We ask if there is a way to systematically identify information behaviors and values that can characterize the information culture of an organization, and whether this culture has an effect on information use outcomes. The primary method of data collection was a questionnaire survey that was applied to a national law firm, a public health agency, and an engineering company. Over 650 persons in the three organizations answered the survey. Data analysis suggests that the questionnaire instrument was able to elicit information behaviors and values that denote an organization's information culture. Moreover, the information behaviors and values of each organization were able to explain 30-50% of the variance in information use outcomes. We conclude that it is possible to identify behaviors and values that describe an organization's information culture, and that the sets of identified behaviors and values can account for significant proportions of the variance in information use outcomes.

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Abstract

As new technologies and information delivery systems emerge, the way in which individuals search for information to support research, teaching, and creative activities is changing. To understand different aspects of researchers' information-seeking behavior, this article surveyed 2,063 academic researchers in natural science, engineering, and medical science from five research universities in the United States. A Web-based, in-depth questionnaire was designed to quantify researchers' information searching, information use, and information storage behaviors. Descriptive statistics are reported. Additionally, analysis of results is broken out by institutions to compare differences among universities. Significant findings are reported, with the biggest changes because of increased utilization of electronic methods for searching, sharing, and storing scholarly content, as well as for utilizing library services. Generally speaking, researchers in the five universities had similar information-seeking behavior, with small differences because of varying academic unit structures and myriad library services provided at the individual institutions.

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Abstract

In an effort to understand how academic scientists seek information relevant to their research in today's environment of ubiquitous electronic access, a correlation framework is built and regression analysis is applied to the survey results from 2,063 academic researchers in natural science, engineering, and medical science at five research universities in the United States. Previous work has reported descriptive statistics about these scientists' information-seeking behavior. This study extends that work to examine relationships between scientists' information-seeking behaviors and their personal and environmental factors. Several regression models, including the Poisson model, the logit model, and the ordered logit model, are built to interpret the correlation among scientists' behaviors. In addition, exploratory factor analysis is used for data reduction. Overall, many factors were found to affect the specific information-seeking behaviors of scientists, including demographic, psychological, role-related, and environmental factors. Of the factors having an effect, academic position was the most important determinant of information behavior.