Search (168 results, page 1 of 9)

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Abstract

Little research has compared youngsters' use of CD-ROM and the Internet for information-seeking purposes. Nevertheless, the area has recently been addressed within a largely qualitative project more generally devoted to young people's information universes. Home access to the Internet was seen to be more limited than that to CD-ROM, although the former was consulted to tackle needs of a greater number of types. The strategies employed to exploit each form of information resource were essentially similar. No attempts were reported to check the credibility of any information retrieved from electronic sources. The Internet was, however, used more frequently beyond the informants' own homes than was CD-ROM. There was also greater employment of the Internet by adults acting an the youngsters' behalf. As Internet use for school purposes rose in accordance with age, that of CD-ROM declined. When youngsters themselves compared the two resources as information-seeking tools, CD-ROM software was criticized for its lack of detailed material and the Internet for the problems in locating what was desired. Project findings have implications in a range of areas, including the marketing of CD-ROM packages, research and development and practices within schools.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 54(2003) no.11, S.1029-1049

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Abstract

NOVAGate is a subject-based information gateway covering electronic resources in the agricultural, veterinary and related fields. The service, which opened in July 1998, is produced by the veterinary and agricultural libraries of the 5 Nordic countries - Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden - which serve the NOVA University. The gateway covers Nordic and European resources as well as the resources of international organizations, but being planned is a network of subject gateways which will give access to a wide range of international quality resources within the agricultural, veterinary and related fields. The service uses the ROADS software

Date

22. 6.2002 19:41:00

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Content

"Für die "Brockhaus Enzyklopädie digital", zu der das Fraunhofer-Institut IPSI in Darmstadt wesentliche technologische Beiträge geleistet hat, erhielt der Verlag Bibliographisches Institut & F.A. Brockhaus AG (Mannheim) am 21. Mai den AKEP Award 2006. Damit zeichnet der Arbeitskreis Elektronisches Publizieren (AKEP) des VerlegerAusschusses im Börsenverein des Deutschen Buchhandels die innovativsten elektronischen Entwicklungen in Verlagen aus. "Die 'Brockhaus Enzyklopaedie digital' hebt sich von den anderen nominierten Produkten wesentlich ab und bietet durch das Zusammenspiel unterschiedlicher Informationen neue Perspektiven auf die Welt und das Wissen", begründete Arnoud de Kemp, Jury-Sprecher und Sprecher des AKEP, die Entscheidung. Das Nachschlagewerk übertreffe alle bisher erhältlichen CD-ROM- und DVD-Enzyklopädien an Umfang und Funktionalitäten. Besonders beeindruckt hat die Jury die unterschiedlichen Möglichkeiten, wie man nach Wissen suchen kann. So reagiert die Suchmaschine auf die Eingabe komplexer Fragesätze (natürlichsprachliche Suchhilfe) und stellt im dreidimensionalen Wissensraum assoziative Zusammenhänge dar. Zudem haben etliche Objekte in diesem 3D-Wissensraum ein Kontextmenü, das sie mit gleichartigen, über- oder untergeordneten anderen Objekten in Beziehung setzt. Weit über die bisher bekannten Möglichkeiten digitaler Nachschlagewerke hinaus geht nach Ansicht der Jury auch die Verknüpfung von Artikeln mit multimedialen Elementen. Die Aufgabe des Fraunhofer IPSI in diesem Projekt war es, eine Taxonomie der Lexikoneinträge zu erstellen, die die Wissensvernetzung ermöglicht. Die "Brockhaus Enzyklopädie digital" besteht aus einem USB-Stick, der alle Texte der 30-bändigen gedruckten Enzyklopädie und die notwendige Software mit allen Suchtechnologien enthält. Die Software auf dem USB-Stick ist unter MS Windows auch ohne vorangehende Installation nutzbar. Ergänzt wird das Werk durch ein OnlinePortal, welches die Inhalte weltweit betriebsunabhängig abrufbar macht. Auch 2005 war das Fraunhofer IPSI, damals mit seiner Technologie für digitale Wasserzeichen, an zwei Preisen des AKEP beteiligt."

Date

5. 7.2006 17:31:22

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Abstract

If you are an indexer who is accustomed to working in solitude with static words, you might face some big surprises in the production of a multimedia CD-ROM. You will not be working alone. You will not be working from a manuscript. Your dexterity with a dedicated software tool for indexing will be irrelevant. The coding or tagging might not be your worry either, because it will likely be done by members of a separate technical staff. The CD-ROM can currently hold 660 megabytes of data. Its production is a massive team effort. Because of the sheer volume of data involved, it is unlikely that one indexer working alone can handle the job in a reasonable period of time. The database for the actual index entries is likely to have been designed specifically for the project at hand, so the indexers will learn the software tools on the job. The entire project will probably be onscreen. So, if you choose to thrust yourself into this teeming amalgam of production, what are the prerequisites and what new things can you expect to learn? CD-ROM is an amorphous new medium with few rules. Your most important resume items might be your flexibility, imagination, and love of words. What remains unchanged from traditional back-of-the-book indexing is the need for empathy with the user; you will still need to come up with exactly the right word for the situation. What is new here is the situation: you might learn to envision the words that correspond to non-textual media such as graphics, photos, video clips, and musical passages. And because you will be dealing with vast amounts of textual and sensory data, you might find yourself rethinking the nature and purpose of an index as a whole. CD-ROM production can take many forms; three will be discussed here

Imprint

Phoenix, AZ : American Society of Indexers / Information Today

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Abstract

Describes the development of EEVL and outlines the services offered. The potential market for EEVL is discussed, and a case study of promotional activities is presented

Date

22. 6.2002 19:40:22

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Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to identify, describe, evaluate and compare South African search engines, directories and portals. The comparative evaluation entailed analysis of six search engines by means of a checklist of desirable features, as well as a performance test by means of sample searches. The following aspects and features are covered in the checklist: database characteristics, search facilities and techniques, search results and portal services. In the performance test the local search engines were also compared with three international ones. Aardvark was rated the best local search engine judging by its performance in the sample searches, but it was outperformed by two of the international engines, Alta Vista and FAST, with regard to the total number of relevant hits retrieved. The results of the investigation will be of use to searchers in their selection of appropriate search tools and to search engine developers in the process of improving their systems

Source

Dynamism and stability in knowledge organization: Proceedings of the 6th International ISKO-Conference, 10-13 July 2000, Toronto, Canada. Ed.: C. Beghtol et al

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Abstract

Academic and special libraries are in the midst of a shift toward hybrid collections. This shift from collection ownership to an information access model supports the distributed nature of learning and work. However, unanticipated consequences of these changes are emerging. One confounding result is a visible pattern of discontinuities in collections, with unique features for electronic products. Patterns of discontinuities encountered included the occurrence of intermittent holes and unintentionally masked information. This has both immediate and long-term implications for library users and services, and there are not yet coherent measures to assess these sorts of outcomes. A framework is required for the systematic evaluation of the effects of new systems such as bundled electronic resources. This research suggests that evaluating both use and non-use of electronic collections will supplement other acquisitions and service measures to support long-range planning and decision-making.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 55(2004) no.4, S.312-325

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Abstract

The Encyclopedia of Earth (EoE) seeks to become the world's largest and most authoritative electronic source of information about the environments of Earth and their interactions with society. It is a free, fully searchable collection of articles written by scholars, professionals, educators, and experts who collaborate and review each other's work with oversight from an International Advisory Board. The articles are written in non-technical language and are available for free, with no commercial advertising to students, educators, scholars, professionals, decision makers, as well as to the general public. The scope of the Encyclopedia of Earth is the environment of the Earth broadly defined, with particular emphasis on the interaction between society and the natural spheres of the Earth. It will be built on the integrated knowledge from economists to philosophers to span all aspects of the environment. The Encyclopedia is being built bottom-up through the use of a wiki-software that allows users to freely create and edit content. New collaborations, ideas, and entries dynamically evolve in this environment. In this way, the Encyclopedia is a constantly evolving, self-organizing, expert-reviewed, and up-to-date source of environmental information. The motivation behind the Encyclopedia of Earth is simple. Go to GoogleT and type in climate change, pesticides, nuclear power, sustainable development, or any other important environmental issue. Doing so returns millions of results, some fraction of which are authoritative. The remainder is of poor or unknown quality.
This illustrates a stark reality of the Web. There are many resources for environmental content, but there is no central repository of authoritative information that meets the needs of diverse user communities. The Encyclopedia of Earth aims to fill that niche by providing content that is both free and reliable. Still in its infancy, the EoE already is an integral part of the emerging effort to increase free and open access to trusted information on the Web. It is a trusted content source for authoritative indexes such as the Online Access to Research in the Environment Initiative, the Health InterNetwork Access to Research Initiative, the Open Education Resources Commons, Scirus, DLESE, WiserEarth, among others. Our initial Content Partners include the American Institute of Physics, the University of California Museum of Paleontology, TeacherServe®, the U.S. Geological Survey, the International Arctic Science Committee, the World Wildlife Fund, Conservation International, the Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, and the United Nations Environment Programme, to name just a few. The full partner list here can be found at <http://www.eoearth.org/article/Content_Partners>. We have a diversity of article types including standard subject articles, biographies, place-based entries, country profiles, and environmental classics. We recently launched our E-Book series, full-text, fully searchable books with internal hyperlinks to EoE articles. The eBooks include new releases by distinguished scholars as well as classics such as Walden and On the Origin of Species. Because history can be an important guide to the future, we have added an Environmental Classics section that includes such historical works as Energy from Fossil Fuels by M. King Hubbert and Undersea by Rachel Carson. Our services and features will soon be expanded. The EoE will soon be available in different languages giving a wider range of users access, users will be able to search it geographically or by a well-defined, expert created taxonomy, and teachers will be able to use the EoE to create unique curriculum for their courses.

Content

The home page for the Encyclopedia of Earth is located at <http://www.eoearth.org/>.

Object

Encyclopedia of Earth

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Abstract

In this study, we attempt to evaluate the performance of the World Wide Web as an information resource in the domain of international travel. The theoretical framework underpinning our approach recognizes the contribution of models of information seeking behavior and of information systems in explaining World Wide Web usage as an information resource. Specifically, a model integrating the construct of uncertainty in information seeking and the task-technology fit model is presented. To test the integrated model, 217 travelers participated in a questionnaire-based empirical study. Our results confirm that richer (or enhanced) models are required to evaluate the broad context of World Wide Web (the Web) usage as an information resource. Use of the Web for travel tasks, for uncertainty reduction, as an information resource, and for mediation all have a significant impact an users' perception of performance, explaining 46% of the variance. Additionally, our study contributes to the testing and validation of metrics for use of the Web as an information resource in a specific domain.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 55(2004) no.8, S.731-742

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Abstract

Access to previous results is of paramount importance in the scientific process. Recent progress in information management focuses on building e-infrastructures for the optimization of the research workflow, through both policy-driven and user-pulled dynamics. For decades, High Energy Physics (HEP) has pioneered innovative solutions in the field of information management and dissemination. In light of a transforming information environment, it is important to assess the current usage of information resources by researchers and HEP provides a unique test bed for this assessment. A survey of about 10% of practitioners in the field reveals usage trends and information needs. Community-based services, such as the pioneering arXiv and SPIRES systems, largely answer the need of the scientists, with a limited but increasing fraction of younger users relying on Google. Commercial services offered by publishers or database vendors are essentially unused in the field. The survey offers an insight into the most important features that users require to optimize their research workflow. These results inform the future evolution of information management in HEP and, as these researchers are traditionally early adopters of innovation in scholarly communication, can inspire developments of disciplinary repositories serving other communities.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 60(2009) no.1, S.150-160

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Abstract

'Quality-controlled subject gateways' are Internet services which apply a rich set of quality measures to support systematic resource discovery. Considerable manual effort is used to secure a selection of resources which meet quality criteria and to display a rich description of these resources with standards-based metadata. Regular checking and updating ensure good collection management. A main goal is to provide a high quality of subject access through indexing resources using controlled vocabularies and by offering a deep classification structure for advanced searching and browsing. This article provides an initial empirical overview of existing services of this kind, their approaches and technologies, based on proposed working definitions and typologies of subject gateways

Date

22. 6.2002 19:37:55

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Abstract

The key political and strategic issues which needs to be addressed for the future development of the Australian subject gateways are: continued quality of content creation, integration of access to print and electronic resources, archiving and persistent identification, sustainability of services and service integration. These issues will be more effectively tackled internationally, and the Australian subject gateways are keen to work with international collaborators to achieve a mutually beneficial outcome

Date

22. 6.2002 19:41:16

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Content

"Das Wort "Wiki" kommt aus Hawaii und heißt schnell. Diesen Anspruch hat die Internet-Enzyklopädie Wikipedia eingelöst: In nur vier Jahren hat das kostenlose Online-Nachschlagewerk den Globus erobert. Weltweit bringt es Wikipedia in mehr als 60 Sprachen auf über zwei Millionen Einträge, allein in Deutschland haben über 10.000 Freiwillige rund 270.000 Artikel erstellt. Noch bis Sonntag will die Wiki-Gemeinde in Frankfurt, gemeinsam mit dem Vater der Enzyklopädie, Jimmy Wales, auf ihrer ersten internationalen Konferenz über Zukunft, Erfolge und Probleme sprechen. Neben Software-Fragen wird es um die Zuverlässigkeit der Artikel gehen, die von sehr unterschiedlicher Qualität sind. Wie das Bildungsportal "Bildungsklick" herausgefunden hat, enthält im Schnitt jeder Text vier Rechtschreibfehler. Dies ist auch deshalb bedenklich, weil der kostenlose Online-Dienst von und für notorisch unterfinanzierte Schulen empfohlen wird. Die Internet-Philosophie des 38-jährigen Amerikaners Wales aus Florida ist einfach: Informationen sollen für alle frei zugänglich sein, und alle Internetnutzer können bei der Enzyklopädie mitmachen. Jeder Artikel oder Eintrag kann von anderen verbessert oder erweitert werden. Dabei kann immer festgestellt werden, wie und von wem ein Artikel verändert wurde. Zur weltweiten Verbreitung seiner Idee rief Wales 2003 die Wikimedia-Stiftung ins Leben. Die deutsche Wikipedia-Community, zweitgrößte nach den USA, ist bunt. "Wir haben 13-Jährige genauso wie 80Jährige, die für uns arbeiten", sagt Kurt Jansson, der 28 Jahre alte Vorsitzende des deutschen Fördervereins. Überdurchschnittlich viele Beiträge kommen von Studenten, der Altersdurchschnitt liege bei 30 Jahren, schätzt Jansson, der Soziologie in Berlin studiert. Bei allem idealistischen Anspruch sind jedoch auch Kontrolleure nötig. In Deutschland gibt es um die 160 Administratoren, die Einträge aus dem Web entfernen können. Sie forsten die Einträge auf Fehler durch und überprüfen Fakten auf Zuruf ihrer User. Denn auf deren Mithilfe sind sie angewiesen. Immer wieder gibt es Scherzbolde, die Artikel erfinden. Dann gibt es Artikel, die wegen fehlender Substanz jeder zur Diskussion stellen, kann. Über die ständig aktualisierte Streichliste entscheidet dann einender Administratoren. Die Administratoren müssen auch eingreifen, wenn zwei Autoren zum Beispiel bei einem Artikel über einen Politiker eine private Kontroverse austragen oder PR in eigener Sache machen. Vollständig haben sie die Worterläuterungen dabei jedoch nicht im Blick. Täglich kommen auf Deutsch 400 neue Artikel dazu und 60 verschwinden wieder. Die gesamte Verwaltung von Wikipedia gemeinnützige deutsche Förderverein finanziert sich nach eigenen Angaben - wie auch die gesamte internationale Wikipedia-Bewegung - nur aus Spenden. Die Organisation betreibt auch noch anderen Projekte wie das Nachrichtenportal Wikinews."

Date

3. 5.1997 8:44:22

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Abstract

This study examines the differences between Scopus and Web of Science in the citation counting, citation ranking, and h-index of 22 top human-computer interaction (HCI) researchers from EQUATOR - a large British Interdisciplinary Research Collaboration project. Results indicate that Scopus provides significantly more coverage of HCI literature than Web of Science, primarily due to coverage of relevant ACM and IEEE peer-reviewed conference proceedings. No significant differences exist between the two databases if citations in journals only are compared. Although broader coverage of the literature does not significantly alter the relative citation ranking of individual researchers, Scopus helps distinguish between the researchers in a more nuanced fashion than Web of Science in both citation counting and h-index. Scopus also generates significantly different maps of citation networks of individual scholars than those generated by Web of Science. The study also presents a comparison of h-index scores based on Google Scholar with those based on the union of Scopus and Web of Science. The study concludes that Scopus can be used as a sole data source for citation-based research and evaluation in HCI, especially when citations in conference proceedings are sought, and that researchers should manually calculate h scores instead of relying on system calculations.

Object

Web of Science

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 59(2008) no.11, S.1711-1726

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Abstract

The classic problem within the information quality (IQ) research and practice community has been the problem of defining IQ. It has been found repeatedly that IQ is context sensitive and cannot be described, measured, and assured with a single model. There is a need for empirical case studies of IQ work in different systems to develop a systematic knowledge that can then inform and guide the construction of context-specific IQ models. This article analyzes the organization of IQ assurance work in a large-scale, open, collaborative encyclopedia - Wikipedia. What is special about Wikipedia as a resource is that the quality discussions and processes are strongly connected to the data itself and are accessible to the general public. This openness makes it particularly easy for researchers to study a particular kind of collaborative work that is highly distributed and that has a particularly substantial focus, not just on error detection but also on error correction. We believe that the study of those evolving debates and processes and of the IQ assurance model as a whole has useful implications for the improvement of quality in other more conventional databases.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 59(2008) no.6, S.983-1001

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Abstract

Consumer empowerment and the role of the expert patient in their own healthcare, enabled through timely access to quality information, have emerged as significant factors in better health and lifestyle outcomes. Governments, medical researchers, healthcare providers in the public and private sector, drug companies, health consumer groups, and individuals are increasingly looking to the Internet to both access and distribute health information, communicate with each other, and form supportive or collaborative online communities. Evaluating the accuracy, provenance, authority, and reliability of Web-based health information is a major priority. The Breast Cancer Knowledge Online Portal project (BCKOnline) explored the individual and changing information and decision support needs of women with breast cancer and the issues they face when searching for relevant and reliable health information on the Internet. Its user-sensitive research design integrated multidisciplinary methods including user information-needs analysis, knowledge-domain mapping, metadata modeling, and systems-development research techniques. The main outcomes were a personalized information portal driven by a metadata repository of user-sensitive resource descriptions, the BCKOnline Metadata Schema, richer understandings of the concepts of quality, relevance, and reliability, and a user-sensitive design methodology. This article focuses on the innovative, metadata-based quality reporting feature of the BCKOnline Portal, and concludes that it is timely to consider the inclusion of quality elements in resource discovery metadata schema, especially in the health domain.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 60(2009) no.9, S.1792-1807

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Abstract

Charts the history and development of the UK's Resource Discovery Network, which brings together under a common business, technical and service framework a range of subject gateways and other services for the academic and research community. Considers its future relationship to other services, and position within the information ecology

Date

22. 6.2002 19:36:13

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Abstract

The emergence of information portal systems in the past few years has led to a greatly enhanced Web-based environment for users seeking information online. While considerable research has been conducted an user information-seeking behavior in regular IR environments over the past decade, this paper focuses specifically an how users in a medical science and clinical setting carry out their daily information seeking through a customizable information portal system (MyWelch). We describe our initial study an analyzing Web usage data from MyWelch to see whether the results conform to the features and patterns established in current information-seeking models, present several observations regarding user information-seeking behavior in a portal environment, outline possible long-term user information-seeking patterns based an usage data, and discuss the direction of future research an user information-seeking behavior in the MyWelch portal environment.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 55(2004) no.8, S.670-684

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Abstract

In the late 1950s Dr. J.C.R Licklider observed that most of his time as a researcher was spent an getting into a position to think, and not an creative thinking as such. "Much more time went into finding or obtaining information than into digesting it." (see Howard Reingold: "Tools for Thought-The History and Future of Mind-Expanding Technology", The MIT Press, Cambridge Massachusetts 2000, p133). A few years later Licklider became the director of ARPA, the research organization that initiated the forerunner to todays Internet, the ARPAnet. Licklider's observation might be seen as a general justification for the development of any research infrastructure, including the Internet. The overriding goal of a research infrastructure is to facilitate the maximization of the time spent an digesting and thinking over the time spent an finding and accessing. However, even today nearly 50 years after Licklider's observation and about 10 years after the invention of the World Wide Web, comparative social science research in Europe is hampered by the fragmentation of the scientific information space. Data, information and knowledge are scattered in space and divided by language and institutional barriers. As a consequence too much of the research are based an data from a single nation, carried out by a single-nation team of researcher and communicated to a single-nation audience. The state of affairs is preventing the development of a comparative and cumulative research process integrating and nurturing the entire European Research Area. Yesterday's answers to these challenges would probably have been formulated in terms of centralization and establishment of large-scale European-wide institutions. Today's answers should rather focus an the power of emerging information technologies to encourage communication, sharing and collaboration across spatially dispersed but scientifically related communities.

Source

Gaining insight from research information (CRIS2002): Proceedings of the 6th International Conference an Current Research Information Systems, University of Kassel, August 29 - 31, 2002. Eds: W. Adamczak u. A. Nase

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Series

Software: Der große Lexikon-Ratgeber