Search (43 results, page 1 of 3)

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Abstract

Recent Web-searching and -mining tools are combining text and link analysis to improve ranking and crawling algorithms. The central assumption behind such approaches is that there is a correiation between the graph structure of the Web and the text and meaning of pages. Here I formalize and empirically evaluate two general conjectures drawing connections from link information to lexical and semantic Web content. The link-content conjecture states that a page is similar to the pages that link to it, and the link-cluster conjecture that pages about the same topic are clustered together. These conjectures are offen simply assumed to hold, and Web search tools are built an such assumptions. The present quantitative confirmation sheds light an the connection between the success of the latest Web-mining techniques and the small world topology of the Web, with encouraging implications for the design of better crawling algorithms.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 55(2004) no.14, S.1261-1269

Theme

Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval

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Abstract

A common task in both Webmetrics and Web information retrieval is to identify a set of Web pages or sites that are similar in content. In this paper we assess the extent to which links, colinks and couplings can be used to identify similar Web sites. As an experiment, a random sample of 500 pairs of domains from the UK academic Web were taken and human assessments of site similarity, based upon content type, were compared against ratings for the three concepts. The results show that using a combination of all three gives the highest probability of identifying similar sites, but surprisingly this was only a marginal improvement over using links alone. Another unexpected result was that high values for either colink counts or couplings were associated with only a small increased likelihood of similarity. The principal advantage of using couplings and colinks was found to be greater coverage in terms of a much larger number of pairs of sites being connected by these measures, instead of increased probability of similarity. In information retrieval terminology, this is improved recall rather than improved precision.

Source

Information processing and management. 40(2004) no.3, S.515-526

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Abstract

In this research, we aim to identify factors that significantly affect the clickthrough of Web searchers. Our underlying goal is determine more efficient methods to optimize the clickthrough rate. We devise a clickthrough metric for measuring customer satisfaction of search engine results using the number of links visited, number of queries a user submits, and rank of clicked links. We use a neural network to detect the significant influence of searching characteristics on future user clickthrough. Our results show that high occurrences of query reformulation, lengthy searching duration, longer query length, and the higher ranking of prior clicked links correlate positively with future clickthrough. We provide recommendations for leveraging these findings for improving the performance of search engine retrieval and result ranking, along with implications for search engine marketing.

Date

22. 3.2009 17:49:11

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 60(2009) no.3, S.557-570

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Abstract

Because of the increasing presence of scientific publications an the Web, combined with the existing difficulties in easily verifying and retrieving these publications, research an techniques and methods for retrieval of scientific Web publications is called for. In this article, we report an the initial steps taken toward the construction of a test collection of scientific Web publications within the subject domain of plant biology. The steps reported are those of data gathering and data analysis aiming at identifying characteristics of scientific Web publications. The data used in this article were generated based an specifically selected domain topics that are searched for in three publicly accessible search engines (Google, AlITheWeb, and AItaVista). A sample of the retrieved hits was analyzed with regard to how various publication attributes correlated with the scientific quality of the content and whether this information could be employed to harvest, filter, and rank Web publications. The attributes analyzed were inlinks, outlinks, bibliographic references, file format, language, search engine overlap, structural position (according to site structure), and the occurrence of various types of metadata. As could be expected, the ranked output differs between the three search engines. Apparently, this is caused by differences in ranking algorithms rather than the databases themselves. In fact, because scientific Web content in this subject domain receives few inlinks, both AItaVista and AlITheWeb retrieved a higher degree of accessible scientific content than Google. Because of the search engine cutoffs of accessible URLs, the feasibility of using search engine output for Web content analysis is also discussed.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 55(2004) no.14, S.1239-1249

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Abstract

Web Analytics bezeichnet die Sammlung, Analyse und Auswertung von Daten der Website-Nutzung mit dem Ziel, diese Informationen zum besseren Verständnis des Besucherverhaltens sowie zur Optimierung der Website zu nutzen. Je nach Ziel der eigenen Website - z.B. die Vermittlung eines Markenwerts oder die Vermehrung von Kontaktanfragen, Bestellungen oder Newsletter-Abonnements - können Sie anhand von Web Analytics herausfinden, wo sich Schwachstellen Ihrer Website befinden und wie Sie Ihre eigenen Ziele durch entsprechende Optimierungen besser erreichen. Dabei ist Web Analytics nicht nur für Website-Betreiber und IT-Abteilungen interessant, sondern wird insbesondere auch mehr und mehr für Marketing und Management nutzbar. Mit diesem Buch lernen Sie, wie Sie die Nutzung Ihrer Website analysieren. Sie können z. B. untersuchen, welche Traffic-Quelle am meisten Umsatz bringt oder welche Bereiche der Website besonders häufig genutzt werden und vieles mehr. Auf diese Weise werden Sie Ihre Besucher, ihr Verhalten und ihre Motivation besser kennen lernen, Ihre Website darauf abstimmen und somit Ihren Erfolg steigern können. Um aus Web Analytics einen wirklichen Mehrwert ziehen zu können, benötigen Sie fundiertes Wissen. Marco Hassler gibt Ihnen in seinem Buch einen umfassenden Einblick in Web Analytics. Er zeigt Ihnen detailliert, wie das Verhalten der Besucher analysiert wird und welche Metriken Sie wann sinnvoll anwenden können. Im letzten Teil des Buches zeigt Ihnen der Autor, wie Sie Ihre Auswertungsergebnisse dafür nutzen, über Conversion-Messungen die Website auf ihre Ziele hin zu optimieren. Ziel dieses Buches ist es, konkrete Web-Analytics-Kenntnisse zu vermitteln und wertvolle praxisorientierte Tipps zu geben. Dazu schlägt das Buch die Brücke zu tangierenden Themenbereichen wie Usability, User-Centered-Design, Online Branding, Online-Marketing oder Suchmaschinenoptimierung. Marco Hassler gibt Ihnen klare Hinweise und Anleitungen, wie Sie Ihre Ziele erreichen.

BK

85.20 / Betriebliche Information und Kommunikation

Classification

85.20 / Betriebliche Information und Kommunikation

Footnote

Rez. in Mitt. VÖB 63(2010) H.1/2, S.147-148 (M. Buzinkay): "Webseiten-Gestaltung und Webseiten-Analyse gehen Hand in Hand. Leider wird das Letztere selten wenn überhaupt berücksichtigt. Zu Unrecht, denn die Analyse der eigenen Maßnahmen ist zur Korrektur und Optimierung entscheidend. Auch wenn die Einsicht greift, dass die Analyse von Webseiten wichtig wäre, ist es oft ein weiter Weg zur Realisierung. Warum? Analyse heißt kontinuierlicher Aufwand, und viele sind nicht bereit beziehungsweise haben nicht die zeitlichen Ressourcen dazu. Ist man einmal zu der Überzeugung gelangt, dass man seine Web-Aktivitäten dennoch optimieren, wenn nicht schon mal gelegentlich hinterfragen sollte, dann lohnt es sich, Marco Hasslers "Web Analytics" in die Hand zu nehmen. Es ist definitiv kein Buch für einen einzigen Lese-Abend, sondern ein Band, mit welchem gearbeitet werden muss. D.h. auch hier: Web-Analyse bedeutet Arbeit und intensive Auseinandersetzung (ein Umstand, den viele nicht verstehen und akzeptieren wollen). Das Buch ist sehr dicht und bleibt trotzdem übersichtlich. Die Gliederung der Themen - von den Grundlagen der Datensammlung, über die Definition von Metriken, hin zur Optimierung von Seiten und schließlich bis zur Arbeit mit Web Analyse Werkzeugen - liefert einen roten Faden, der schön von einem Thema auf das nächste aufbaut. Dadurch fällt es auch leicht, ein eigenes Projekt begleitend zur Buchlektüre Schritt für Schritt aufzubauen. Zahlreiche Screenshots und Illustrationen erleichtern zudem das Verstehen der Zusammenhänge und Erklärungen im Text. Das Buch überzeugt aber auch durch seine Tiefe (bis auf das Kapitel, wo es um die Zusammenstellung von Personas geht) und den angenehm zu lesenden Schreibstil. Von mir kommt eine dringende Empfehlung an alle, die sich mit Online Marketing im Allgemeinen, mit Erfolgskontrolle von Websites und Web-Aktivitäten im Speziellen auseindersetzen."

RSWK

Electronic Commerce / Web Site / Verbesserung / Kennzahl

Subject

Electronic Commerce / Web Site / Verbesserung / Kennzahl

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Abstract

This article argues that individual Web sites form hyperlink-affiliations with others for the purpose of strengthening their individual trust, expertness, and safety. It describes the hyperlink-affiliation network structure of Korea's top 152 Web sites. The data were obtained from their Web sites for October 2000. The results indicate that financial Web sites, such as credit card and stock Web sites, occupy the most central position in the network. A cluster analysis reveals that the structure of the hyperlink-affiliation network is influenced by the financial Web sites with which others are affiliated. These findings are discussed from the perspective of Web site credibility.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 53(2002) no.7, S.592-601

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Abstract

Changes in the topography of the Web can be expressed in at least four ways: (1) more sites on more servers in more places, (2) more pages and objects added to existing sites and pages, (3) changes in traffic, and (4) modifications to existing text, graphic, and other Web objects. This article does not address the first three factors (more sites, more pages, more traffic) in the growth of the Web. It focuses instead on changes to an existing set of Web documents. The article documents changes to an aging set of Web pages, first identified and "collected" in December 1996 and followed weekly thereafter. Results are reported through February 2001. The article addresses two related phenomena: (1) the life cycle of Web objects, and (2) changes to Web objects. These data reaffirm that the half-life of a Web page is approximately 2 years. There is variation among Web pages by top-level domain and by page type (navigation, content). Web page content appears to stabilize over time; aging pages change less often than once they did

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 53(2002) no.2, S.162-171

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Abstract

This article addresses the question of whether the Web can serve as an information source for research. Specifically, it analyzes by way of content analysis the Web pages retrieved by the major search engines on a particular date (June 7, 1998), as a result of the query 'informetrics OR informetric'. In 807 out of the 942 retrieved pages, the search terms were mentioned in the context of information science. Over 70% of the pages contained only indirect information on the topic, in the form of hypertext links and bibliographical references without annotation. The bibliographical references extracted from the Web pages were analyzed, and lists of most productive authors, most cited authors, works, and sources were compiled. The list of reference obtained from the Web was also compared to data retrieved from commercial databases. For most cases, the list of references extracted from the Web outperformed the commercial, bibliographic databases. The results of these comparisons indicate that valuable, freely available data is hidden in the Web waiting to be extracted from the millions of Web pages

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 51(2000) no.5, S.432-443

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Abstract

In this article, I investigate the reliability, in the social science sense, of collecting informetric data about the World Wide Web by Web crawling. The investigation includes a critical examination of the practice of Web crawling and contrasts the results of content crawling with the results of link crawling. It is shown that Web crawling by search engines is intentionally biased and selective. I also report the results of a [arge-scale experimental simulation of Web crawling that illustrates the effects of different crawling policies an data collection. It is concluded that the reliability of Web crawling as a data collection technique is improved by fuller reporting of relevant crawling policies.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 55(2004) no.14, S.1228-1238

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Abstract

"Dokumente im World Wide Web liegen durchschnittlich 19 Mausklicks voneinander entfernt - angesichts von schätzungsweise mehr als einer Milliarde Seiten erstaunlich nahe. Albert-Lazlo Barabai vom Institut für Physik der University von Notre Dame (US-Staat Indiana) stellt seine Studie in der britischen Fachzeitschrift Physics World (Juli 2001, S. 33) vor. Der Statistiker konstruierte im Rechner zunächst Modelle von großen Computernetzwerken. Grundlage für diese Abbilder war die Analyse eines kleinen Teils der Verbindungen im Web, die der Wissenschaftler automatisch von einem Programm hatte prüfen lassen. Um seine Ergebnisse zu erklären, vergleicht Barabai das World Wide Web mit den Verbindungen internationaler Fluglinien. Dort gebe es zahlreiche Flughäfen, die meist nur mit anderen Flugplätzen in ihrer näheren Umgebung in Verbindung stünden. Diese kleineren Verteiler stehen ihrerseits mit einigen wenigen großen Airports wie Frankfurt, New York oder Hongkong in Verbindung. Ähnlich sei es im Netz, wo wenige große Server die Verteilung großer Datenmengen übernähmen und weite Entfernungen überbrückten. Damit seien die Online-Wege vergleichsweise kurz. Die Untersuchung spiegelt allerdings die Situation des Jahres 1999 wider. Seinerzeit gab es vermutlich 800 Millionen Knoten."

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Abstract

Although time has been recognized as an important dimension in the co-citation literature, to date it has not been incorporated into the analogous process of link analysis an the Web. In this paper, we discuss several aspects and uses of the time dimension in the context of Web information retrieval. We describe the ideal casewhere search engines track and store temporal data for each of the pages in their repository, assigning timestamps to the hyperlinks embedded within the pages. We introduce several applications which benefit from the availability of such timestamps. To demonstrate our claims, we use a somewhat simplistic approach, which dates links by approximating the age of the page's content. We show that by using this crude measure alone it is possible to detect and expose significant events and trends. We predict that by using more robust methods for tracking modifications in the content of pages, search engines will be able to provide results that are more timely and better reflect current real-life trends than those they provide today.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 55(2004) no.14, S.1270-1281

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Abstract

Vaughn, and Shaw look at the relationship between traditional citation and Web citation (not hyperlinks but rather textual mentions of published papers). Using English language research journals in ISI's 2000 Journal Citation Report - Information and Library Science category - 1209 full length papers published in 1997 in 46 journals were identified. Each was searched in Social Science Citation Index and on the Web using Google phrase search by entering the title in quotation marks, and followed for distinction where necessary with sub-titles, author's names, and journal title words. After removing obvious false drops, the number of web sites was recorded for comparison with the SSCI counts. A second sample from 1992 was also collected for examination. There were a total of 16,371 web citations to the selected papers. The top and bottom ranked four journals were then examined and every third citation to every third paper was selected and classified as to source type, domain, and country of origin. Web counts are much higher than ISI citation counts. Of the 46 journals from 1997, 26 demonstrated a significant correlation between Web and traditional citation counts, and 11 of the 15 in the 1992 sample also showed significant correlation. Journal impact factor in 1998 and 1999 correlated significantly with average Web citations per journal in the 1997 data, but at a low level. Thirty percent of web citations come from other papers posted on the web, and 30percent from listings of web based bibliographic services, while twelve percent come from class reading lists. High web citation journals often have web accessible tables of content.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 54(2003) no.14, S.1313-1324

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Abstract

Purpose - The essential purpose of this paper is to measure the amount of web resources used for scholarly contributions in the area of library and information science (LIS) in India. It further aims to make an analysis of the nature and type of web resources and studies the various standards for web citations. Design/methodology/approach - In this study, the result of analysis of 292 web citations spread over 95 scholarly papers published in the proceedings of the National Conference of the Society for Information Science, India (SIS-2005) has been reported. All the 292 web citations were scanned and data relating to types of web domains, file formats, styles of citations, etc., were collected through a structured check list. The data thus obtained were systematically analyzed, figurative representations were made and appropriate interpretations were drawn. Findings - The study revealed that 292 (34.88 per cent) out of 837 were web citations, proving a significant correlation between the use of Internet resources and research productivity of LIS professionals in India. The highest number of web citations (35.6 per cent) was from .edu/.ac type domains. Most of the web resources (46.9 per cent) cited in the study were hypertext markup language (HTML) files. Originality/value - The paper is the result of an original analysis of web citations undertaken in order to study the dependence of LIS professionals in India on web sources for their scholarly contributions. This carries research value for web content providers, authors and researchers in LIS.

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Abstract

Webometrics is an information science field concerned with measuring aspects of the World Wide Web (WWW) for a variety of information science research goals. It came into existence about five years after the Web was formed and has since grown to become a significant aspect of information science, at least in terms of published research. Although some webometrics research has focused on the structure or evolution of the Web itself or the performance of commercial search engines, most has used data from the Web to shed light on information provision or online communication in various contexts. Most prominently, techniques have been developed to track, map, and assess Web-based informal scholarly communication, for example, in terms of the hyperlinks between academic Web sites or the online impact of digital repositories. In addition, a range of nonacademic issues and groups of Web users have also been analyzed.

Source

Encyclopedia of library and information sciences. 3rd ed. Ed.: M.J. Bates

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Abstract

This article explores the associations that message features and Web structural features have with perceptions of Web site credibility. In a within-subjects experiment, 84 participants actively located health-related Web sites an the basis of two tasks that differed in task specificity and complexity. Web sites that were deemed most credible were content analyzed for message features and structural features that have been found to be associated with perceptions of source credibility. Regression analyses indicated that message features predicted perceived Web site credibility for both searches when controlling for Internet experience and issue involvement. Advertisements and structural features had no significant effects an perceived Web site credibility. Institutionaffiliated domain names (.gov, org, edu) predicted Web site credibility, but only in the general search, which was more difficult. Implications of results are discussed in terms of online credibility research and Web site design.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.1, S.114-127

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Source

Journal of information science. 27(2001) no.1, S.1-7

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Abstract

All known previous Web link studies have used the Web page as the primary indivisible source document for counting purposes. Arguments are presented to explain why this is not necessarily optimal and why other alternatives have the potential to produce better results. This is despite the fact that individual Web files are often the only choice if search engines are used for raw data and are the easiest basic Web unit to identify. The central issue is of defining the Web "document": that which should comprise the single indissoluble unit of coherent material. Three alternative heuristics are defined for the educational arena based upon the directory, the domain and the whole university site. These are then compared by implementing them an a set of 108 UK university institutional Web sites under the assumption that a more effective heuristic will tend to produce results that correlate more highly with institutional research productivity. It was discovered that the domain and directory models were able to successfully reduce the impact of anomalous linking behavior between pairs of Web sites, with the latter being the method of choice. Reasons are then given as to why a document model an its own cannot eliminate all anomalies in Web linking behavior. Finally, the results from all models give a clear confirmation of the very strong association between the research productivity of a UK university and the number of incoming links from its peers' Web sites.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 53(2002) no.12, S.995-1005

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Abstract

The number and type of Web citations to journal articles in four areas of science are examined: biology, genetics, medicine, and multidisciplinary sciences. For a sample of 5,972 articles published in 114 journals, the median Web citation counts per journal article range from 6.2 in medicine to 10.4 in genetics. About 30% of Web citations in each area indicate intellectual impact (citations from articles or class readings, in contrast to citations from bibliographic services or the author's or journal's home page). Journals receiving more Web citations also have higher percentages of citations indicating intellectual impact. There is significant correlation between the number of citations reported in the databases from the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI, now Thomson Scientific) and the number of citations retrieved using the Google search engine (Web citations). The correlation is much weaker for journals published outside the United Kingdom or United States and for multidisciplinary journals. Web citation numbers are higher than ISI citation counts, suggesting that Web searches might be conducted for an earlier or a more fine-grained assessment of an article's impact. The Web-evident impact of non-UK/USA publications might provide a balance to the geographic or cultural biases observed in ISI's data, although the stability of Web citation counts is debatable.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 56(2005) no.10, S.1075-1087

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Abstract

Web links have been studied by information scientists for at least six years but it is only in the past two that clear evidence has emerged to show that counts of links to scholarly Web spaces (universities and departments) can correlate significantly with research measures, giving some credence to their use for the investigation of scholarly communication. This paper reports an a study to investigate the factors that influence the creation of links to journal Web sites. An empirical approach is used: collecting data and testing for significant patterns. The specific questions addressed are whether site age and site content are inducers of links to a journal's Web site as measured by the ratio of link counts to Journal Impact Factors, two variables previously discovered to be related. A new methodology for data collection is also introduced that uses the Internet Archive to obtain an earliest known creation date for Web sites. The results show that both site age and site content are significant factors for the disciplines studied: library and information science, and law. Comparisons between the two fields also show disciplinary differences in Web site characteristics. Scholars and publishers should be particularly aware that richer content an a journal's Web site tends to generate links and thus the traffic to the site.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 54(2003) no.1, S.29-38

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Abstract

The study examined Web co-links to Canadian university Web sites. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) was used to analyze and visualize co-link data as was done in co-citation analysis. Co-link data were collected in ways that would reflect three different views, the global view, the French Canada view, and the English Canada view. Mapping results of the three data sets accurately reflected the ways Canadians see the universities and clearly showed the linguistic and cultural differences within Canadian society. This shows that Web co-linking is not a random phenomenon and that co-link data contain useful information for Web data mining. It is proposed that the method developed in the study can be applied to other contexts such as analyzing relationships of different organizations or countries. This kind of research is promising because of the dynamics and the diversity of the Web.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.9, S.1178-1193