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Abstract

After his death, the students of A. Canonne collected his notes on classification systems and published them under the above title. Some 100 notes on the main classification systems are presented here

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Abstract

A system of library classification that flashed across the inquiring mind of young Melvil Louis Kossuth Dewey (known as Melvil Dewey) in 1873 is still the most popular classification scheme.. The modern library classification begins with Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). Melvil Dewey devised DDC in 1876. DDC has is credit of 128 years of boudless success. The DDC is being taught as a practical subject throughout the world and it is being used in majority of libraries in about 150 countries. This is the result of continuous revision that 22nd Edition of DDC has been published in July 2003. No other classification scheme has published so many editions. Some welcome changes have been made in DDC 22. To reduce the Christian bias in 200 religion, the numbers 201 to 209 have been devoted to specific aspects of religion. In the previous editions these numbers were devoted to Christianity. to enhance the classifier's efficiency, Table 7 has been removed from DDC 22 and the provision of adding group of persons is made by direct use of notation already available in schedules and in notation -08 from Table 1 Standard Subdivision. The present book is an attempt to explain, with suitable examples, the salient provisions of DDC 22. The book is written in simple language so that the students may not face any difficulty in understanding what is being explained. The examples in the book are explained in a step-by-step procedure. It is hoped that this book will prove of great help and use to the library professionals in general and library and information science students in particular.

Content

1. Introduction to DDC 22 2. Major changes in DDC 22 3. Introduction to the schedules 4. Use of Table 1 : Standard Subdivisions 5. Use of Table 2 : Areas 6. Use of Table 3 : Subdivisions for the arts, for individual literatures, for specific literary forms 7. Use to Table 4 : Subdivisions of individual languages and language families 8. Use of Table 5 : Ethic and National groups 9. Use of Table 6 : Languages 10. Treatment of Groups of Persons

Object

DDC-22

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Footnote

Zugleich Dissertation Univ. Düsseldorf. - Rez. in: ZfBB. 22(1975) S.53-57 (H.-A. Koch)

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Object

DDC-22

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Content

Enthält die Beiträge: STRACHAN, P.D.: UDC revision work in FID; SCIBOR, E. u. I.S. SHCHERBINA-SAMOJLOVA: A strategic approach to to revising the UDC; MCILWAINE, I.: The work of the system development task force; WILLIAMSON, N.J.: The UDC: its future; HAARALA, A.-R.: FID pre-conference seminar on computer applications of the UDC; LOTH, K. u. H. FUNK: Subject search on ETHICS on the basis of the UDC; KURHULA, P.: Use and usability of the UDC in classification practice and online retrieval; RINNE, B.: HELECON system: economics databases; NAKAMURA, Y. u. T. ISHIKAWA: Expert systems for automatic UDC number assignment; RIESTHUIS, G.J.A. u. S. BLIEDUNG: Thesaurification of UDC: preliminary report

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Abstract

Die Dewey-Dezimalklassifikation (DDC) ist Ende 2003 in der 22. Ausgabe der Standard Edition auf Englisch erschienen und wird genau zwei Jahre später nun auch auf Deutsch veröffentlicht. Nach Übersetzungen ins Französische, Italienische, Russische und Spanische ist unter Beteiligung der drei deutschsprachigen Länder und mit Unterstützung durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft die Voraussetzung dafür geschaffen worden, dass diese international weit verbreitete Klassifikation auch in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz heimisch werden kann. Die hier vorgelegten Übersichten, die die drei obersten Ebenen oder 1 000 Klassen der DDC umfassen, ermöglichen einen Einblick in die Gliederung der gesamten Klassifikation und sind in dieser Form für Bibliotheken und wissenschaftliche Einrichtungen frei verfügbar, während die tieferen Ebenen der DDC durch das Urheberrecht geschützt sind. Die vollständige Ausgabe der DDC 22 Deutsch erscheint 2005 im Verlag K. G. Saur. Mit dem Webservice Melvil bietet Die Deutsche Bibliothek ab Januar 2006 eine deutsche Version von WebDewey an, ergänzt um ein Recherchetool für das Retrieval DDC-erschlossener Daten. Die DDC 22 ist von einer an der Fachhochschule Köln angesiedelten Arbeitsgruppe ins Deutsche übersetzt worden, unterstützt von einemTeam von Fachreferentinnen und Fachreferenten an zahlreichen Bibliotheken des deutschen Sprachraums und fachlich beraten von der Expertengruppe DDC Deutsch. Die organisatorische Leitung des Projekts DDC Deutsch lag bei Der Deutschen Bibliothek als federführendem Mitglied des Konsortiums DDC Deutsch. Ab 2006 wird die Deutsche Nationalbibliografie vollständige DDC-Notationen mitliefern, bereits seit Bibliografiejahrgang 2004 folgen die Sachgruppen der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie einer auf den beiden obersten Ebenen der DDC basierenden Gliederung. Die hier vorgelegte Übersetzung der DDC wurde mit der Herausgeberin der DDC, Joan Mitchell (OCLC, Dublin/Ohio) und ihren Mitherausgebern an der Library of Congress abgestimmt, denen wir für ihre Unterstützung und Beratung herzlich danken. Die kurze Einführung in die Dewey-Dezimalklassifikation, die hier folgt, stellt das gesamte System der DDC vor, das mit seinen Haupt- und Hilfstafeln mehr als 60 000 Klassen umfasst. Die Möglichkeiten zur Erschließung differenzierterThemen gehen daher weit über die hier vorgelegten obersten Klassen der DDC hinaus und berücksichtigen viele moderne Teildisziplinen, die man in den Übersichten vielleicht vermisst. Bei der Verwendung der Übersichten ist zu beachten, dass aus drucktechnischen Gründen in einigen Fällen Klassen nur verkürzt wiedergegeben werden können und nur durch ihre Position innerhalb einer Folge von Klassen genau zu verstehen sind. Daher sollten für die Erschließung auch die vollständigen Klassenbenennungen herangezogen werden, die unter www.ddc-deutsch.de im Netz zur Verfügung stehen.

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Date

22. 4.2007 12:31:34

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Abstract

This book is an extension and total revision of the author's earlier Guide to the use of UDC. The original was written in 1993 and in the intervening years much has happened with the classification. In particular, a much more rigorous approach has been undertaken in revision to ensure that the scheme is able to handle the requirements of a networked world. The book outlines the history and development of the Universal Decimal Classification, provides practical hints on its application and works through all the auxiliary and main tables highlighting aspects that need to be noted in applying the scheme. It also provides guidance on the use of the Master Reference File and discusses the ways in which the classification is used in the 21st century and its suitability as an aid to subject description in tagging metadata and consequently for application on the Internet. It is intended as a source for information about the scheme, for practical usage by classifiers in their daily work and as a guide to the student learning how to apply the classification. It is amply provided with examples to illustrate the many ways in which the scheme can be applied and will be a useful source for a wide range of information workers

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Footnote

Rez. in: ZfBB 37(1990) S.435-437 (W. Traiser); International classification 17(1990) S.107-108 (M.P. Satija); Cataloging & classification quarterly 10(1990) S.105-108 (K.L. Henderson); Outlook on research libraries 11(1989) S.4-9 (R. Sweeney); International catalogiong & bibliographic control 19, S.46-47 (B. Bankole); BuB 41(1989) S.835f. (H. Vogeler)

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Abstract

Summary: The book examines the history, management and technical aspects of the Dewey Decimal Classification system (DDC), the world's most popular library classification. The main emphasis is on explaining the structure and number building techniques in the DDC. The book concentrates on all aspects of subject analysis and number building by the latest edition of the DDC. Key Features: Contains a brief history of the system Describes the governance, revision machinery and updating process Describes the structure of knowledge as represented in the DDC Explains the structure of the four volumes of the DDC Explains the process of subject analysis with respect to the system Explains in a graded way with numerous examples the process of number building in the DDC The Author: Dr M P Satija is a Professor of Library and Information Science in Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India. He has been writing about the DDC and other related areas in knowledge organization for the last two decades in international journals. He has collaborated with the successive two chief editors of the DDC, and is the Indian Coordinator of the International Society for Knowledge Organization.Readership: Prac Contents: A brief history of the DDC Layout of the DDC22 Subject analysis of documents in context of the DDC Locating simple class numbers in the DDC Number building using the schedules and internal tables Number building using each of the six tables of the DDC (a chapter on each table) Multiple synthesis using schedules and tables Order of precedence and citation order Use of the relative index Appendix Answers to exercises Glossary of terms

Footnote

Rez. in: Mitt VÖB 61(2008) H.1, S.99-103 (M. Sandner): "In der Schriftenreihe "Information Professional Series" möchte der Verlag vielbeschäftigten Angehörigen der Bibliothekszunft leicht lesbares, sehr praxisorientiertes, durch ausgewiesene Autoritäten ihres Faches abgesichertes und aktuelles State-of-the-art-Wissen anbieten. - Der Verfasser des vorliegenden Bandes gilt als solch ein arrivierter Experte in Sachen Wissensorganisation, Klassifikation im Allgemeinen und DDC, Kolonklassifikation und UDK im Besonderen. Er ist Vorstand des Departments für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft an einer indischen Universität. Seinem Text stellt er einige tiefe Verbeugungen voran: die erste gilt dem 1991 verstorbenen Herausgeber der 20. Ausgabe der DDC, den er als geistigen Koautor mit herein nimmt, die zweite gilt Melvil Dewey und dessen phänomenaler Erfindung (The sun never sets on its ever-spreading empire.), die dritte, den ganzen Text begleitende, gilt - unausgesprochen - dem Konzept der Facettierung von Ranganathan. Satijas erklärte Absicht ist es, Anfängern die DDC22 verständlich zu machen und Anwendern zu nützlichen Einsichten zu verhelfen. Einerseits, so kündigt er im Vorwort an, werde er den philosophischen Hintergrund immer wieder beleuchten, andererseits stelle das Buch einen kompletten Kurs dar: anhand didaktisch ausgewählter Beispiele solle nämlich Schritt für Schritt jeder wichtige Bereich des Klassifikationssystems angesprochen und würden alle Methoden für dessen Anwendung erklärt werden. - Keine geringen Ansprüche, die sich Verlag und Verfasser selbst stellen! Das Äußere des Buches wirkt erfrischend und modern - gerne greift man zu dem einladend bunten Band, der laut Inhaltsverzeichnis klar strukturiert scheint. Nur: wo versteckt sich wohl der angekündigte DDC-Kursteil? ... Fazit: sollte dieses Buch, liebe Leserin, lieber Leser, Ihre erste Lektüre über die DDC sein, dann lesen Sie es nicht allein und vor allem, lesen Sie nicht allein dieses! Sollten Sie aber schon einige Erfahrung mit der Dewey haben, dann werden Sie gewiss mit Gewinn all das heraushören, was ein erfahrener Professor aus der Schule zu plaudern vermag, und das, was nur Satija aus seinem Blick auf die DDC Ihnen eröffnen kann."
Weitere Rez in: KO 36(2009) nos.2/3, S.181-182 (M Hudon): " ... M.P. Satija's latest contribution to the small bank of textbooks available to classification instructors and learners is, without doubt, a good one. However, some parts of the document are not accessible to novices. These sections are too technical, stressing on the rare exceptions to the common rules of class number identification and building. It at times appears as if the author has reviewed each and every class number provided in the schedules! In this respect, the recently published Essential Dewey by John Bowman can be considered more accessible to true beginners. Very few references are made to WebDewey and to the increasing flexibility and usefulness of the electronic version of the classification. One can't help but wonder how and why the choice was made to present the DDC not as a system, but rather in reference to the four printed volumes only, and this without any discussion pertaining to its physical presentation.

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Footnote

Levie's focus is not exclusively on Otlet's contributions to bibliography and information science per se, but aims at offering a very complete, chronological overview of the life and work of Paul Otlet. Levie succeeds very well at documenting Otlet's personal and familial life, and offers ample socio-historical and political contextualisation of Otlet's activities (e.g. the interaction between Otlet's internationalist endeavours and the expansionist politics of King Leopold II (p. 59), and Otlet's ardent pacifism during World War I are relevantly highlighted (pp. 161176)). Levie begins by exploring Otlet's childhood days and by bringing into perspective some of the traits which are relevant to understand his later work. She shows how his father Edouard, an internationally active railway contractor, awoke a mondial awareness in the young Otlet (pp. 20-21) and how his encyclopaedic spirit for the first time found expression in a systematic inventory of the small Mediterranean isle his father bought (L'île du Levant, 1882) (p. 31). From the age of 16 Otlet suffered from a disorder of his literal memory (Otlet's personal testimony in the Cahier Blue, on p. 47), which might perhaps explain his lifelong obsession with completeness and accuracy. Of special interest to the readers of this journal are chapter 4, in which Otlet's and Henri Lafontaine's adaptation of Melvil Dewey's Decimal Classification and the origin of the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) is discussed in extenso (pp. 5170; also see chapter 6, p. 98 for Otlet's attempt at a universal iconographical index) and chapter 17, in which Traité de documentation (1934) is presented
(pp. 267-277). In chapter 5 (pp. 75-89), Levie discusses Otlet's interest in urbanism (also see, p. 147 ff) and recounts how in Westende he built from scratch a complete coastal village, a kind of miniutopia, in close collaboration with the architects Octave Van Rysselberghe and Henry Van de Velde (unfortunately, it was destroyed in 1914). In close connection to their pacifist ideals, Otlet and his Nobelprize winning co-worker Lafontaine sought to realize a World City and in 1911 saw their ambitions shared by the joint work of the French architect Ernest Hébrard and the American-Norwegian sculptor Hendrik Anderson (pp. 128-141). Later, in the late 1920s, Otlet joined forces with Le Corbusier to establish such a world-centre (pp. 229-247, a 1930 letter of Le Corbusier to Otlet on this matter is reproduced on pages 234-235). In his later moments of desperation, Otlet called on virtually every major political leader, including Mussolini, Franco, and Hitler to achieve this goal (pp. 217-218, p. 294). In these chapters related to architecture, Levie draws extensively on previously unstudied correspondence and adds much detail to our knowledge of Otlet's explorations in this area. In several other chapters, Levie documents in great detail the less unknown rise and downfall of Otlet's "Mondial Palace" (which was inaugurated in 1919) (chapters 12-14 and 16). Looking back on Otlet's endeavours it is not difficult to realize that many of his "utopian" ideas were realized in the course of history. Levie's unique work represents a most welcome update of our knowledge of Otlet. It bears direct relevance for historians of information science and bibliography and historians of architecture, but will, no doubt, attract many scholars from other disciplines, as it places Otlet against the background of several important historical trends and as it is very accessibly written. I take it that publishers are already preparing an English edition of this work - or else, they should be. I wholeheartedly agree with Levie's conclusion that we haven't finished discovering Otlet's work (p. 318)."

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Footnote

Changes DDC22 is the second edition prepared by Joan S. Mitchell who took over as editor in 1993. It carries forward the policies and improvements started in DDC21, especially the onslaught an the Christian and western cultural blas in the schedules and tables. The plan for reducing Christian blas in 200 Religion, initiated in DDC21, has now been completed, with some additional provisions in 296 and 297. An outstanding change has been the abrogation of Table 7 Persons. The functions of Table 7 are now filled by using T1-08 and whatever notation is appropriate from 011-999. There are at least six places in the tables and 12 places in the schedules where the use of T7 was prescribed; what good the abolition of T7 has produced is not clear. In fact, it does make number building in some cases a bit circuitous, especially while using Table 3C. It has also resulted in the reuse of many DDC 21 numbers with new meanings. However, some numbers remain the same e.g., Social customs of artists 390.47 (both in DDC21 and DDC22). A few numbers have also become shorter in length. In compliance with the recommendations of D'Elia's survey, all works relating to directories of travel facilities such as hotels, lodges, Motels, inns, have been shifted to 910.46 and to 913/919 whereas 647.94 continues to be in place for general information about hotels. A common practice in previous editions, that is full class or extensive revisions (phoenix schedules), appear to have been discontinued in the preparation of DDC22. But minor changes are numerous. There are more than one thousand relocations and discontiuations of class numbers. Some 40 numbers have been reused. ... However, all these changes are not those projected as slated changes for DDC22 in the DDC21 (1996), namely in 520 Astronomy, 355-359 Military science, 636-639 Animal husbandry and 690 Buildings. Obviously the switch over to the DDC 22 will put less strain an libraries. There has been considerable improvement in the manual, now shifted to volume 1 of the print edition (pp. 1-182). Notes in the manual have been shortened by removing redundant information and by dividing them into smaller sections. Some information from the manual has been transferred to the schedules and tables, in the form of notes. The manual is now clearer and easier to read. Flow Charts, built-in numbers, and see also references should help classifiers achieve greater consistency. The relative index has been beefed up. With its 928 pages, it is 333 pages longer than the previous one, including new built-in numbers and many additional terms. The entry vocabulary is wide-based and current. DDC 22, the first edition of this millennium, has kept pace with the fast changing information environment to map and organize it squarely. To quote our friends at OCLC: knowledge is a big world, and they have organized it."

Object

DDC-22

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Content

"The contents of the book cover: This book is intended as an introduction to the Dewey Decimal Classification, edition 22. It is not a substitute for it, and I assume that you have it, all four volumes of it, by you while reading the book. I have deliberately included only a short section an WebDewey. This is partly because WebDewey is likely to change more frequently than the printed version, but also because this book is intended to help you use the scheme regardless of the manifestation in which it appears. If you have a subscription to WebDewey and not the printed volumes you may be able to manage with that, but you may then find my references to volumes and page numbers baffling. All the examples and exercises are real; what is not real is the idea that you can classify something without seeing more than the title. However, there is nothing that I can do about this, and I have therefore tried to choose examples whose titles adequately express their subject-matter. Sometimes when you look at the 'answers' you may feel that you have been cheated, but I hope that this will be seldom. Two people deserve special thanks. My colleague Vanda Broughton has read drafts of the book and made many suggestions. Ross Trotter, chair of the CILIP Dewey Decimal Classification Committee, who knows more about Dewey than anyone in Britain today, has commented extensively an it and as far as possible has saved me from error, as well as suggesting many improvements. What errors remain are due to me alone. Thanks are also owed to OCLC Online Computer Library Center, for permission to reproduce some specimen pages of DDC 22. Excerpts from the Dewey Decimal Classification are taken from the Dewey Decimal Classification and Relative Index, Edition 22 which is Copyright 2003 OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. DDC, Dewey, Dewey Decimal Classification and WebDewey are registered trademarks of OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc."

Object

DDC-22

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Content

This work is a comprehensive guide to Edition 21 of the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC 21). The previous edition was edited by John Phillip Comaromi, who also was the editor of DDC 20 and thus was able to impart in its pages information about the inner workings of the Decimal Classification Editorial Policy Committee, which guides the Classification's development. The manual begins with a brief history of the development of Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) up to this edition and its impact internationally. It continues on to a review of the general structure of DDC and the 21st edition in particular, with emphasis on the framework ("Hierarchical Order," "Centered Entries") that aids the classifier in its use. An extensive part of this manual is an in-depth review of how DDC is updated with each edition, such as reductions and expansions, and detailed lists of such changes in each table and class. Each citation of a change indicates the previous location of the topic, usually in parentheses but also in textual explanations ("moved from 248.463"). A brief discussion of the topic moved or added provides substance to what otherwise would be lists of numbers. Where the changes are so dramatic that a new class or division structure has been developed, Comparative and Equivalence Tables are provided in volume 1 of DDC 21 (such as Life sciences in 560-590); any such list in this manual would only be redundant. In these cases, the only references to changes in this work are those topics that were moved from other classes. Besides these citations of changes, each class is introduced with a brief background discussion about its development or structure or both to familiarize the user with it. A new aspect in this edition of the DDC study manual is that it is combined with Marty Bloomberg and Hans Weber's An Introduction to Classification and Number Building in Dewey (Libraries Unlimited, 1976) to provide a complete reference for the application of DDC. Detailed examples of number building for each class will guide the classifier through the process that results in classifications for particular works within that class. In addition, at the end of each chapter, lists of book summaries are given as exercises in number analysis, with Library of Congress-assigned classifications to provide benchmarks. The last chapter covers book, or author, numbers, which-combined with the classification and often the date-provide unique call numbers for circulation and shelf arrangement. Guidelines in the application of Cutter tables and Library of Congress author numbers complete this comprehensive reference to the use of DDC 21. As with all such works, this was a tremendous undertaking, which coincided with the author completing a new edition of Conversion Tables: LC-Dewey, Dewey-LC (Libraries Unlimited, forthcoming). Helping hands are always welcome in our human existence, and this book is no exception. Grateful thanks are extended to Jane Riddle, at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Library, and to Darryl Hines, at SANAD Support Technologies, Inc., for their kind assistance in the completion of this study manual.

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Date

22. 3.2008 17:56:19