Search (107 results, page 1 of 6)

  • × theme_ss:"Internet"
  • × type_ss:"a"
  • × year_i:[2010 TO 2020}
  1. Joint, N.: Web 2.0 and the library : a transformational technology? (2010) 0.19 
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    Abstract
    Purpose - This paper is the final one in a series which has tried to give an overview of so-called transformational areas of digital library technology. The aim has been to assess how much real transformation these applications can bring about, in terms of creating genuine user benefit and also changing everyday library practice. Design/methodology/approach - The paper provides a summary of some of the legal and ethical issues associated with web 2.0 applications in libraries, associated with a brief retrospective view of some relevant literature. Findings - Although web 2.0 innovations have had a massive impact on the larger World Wide Web, the practical impact on library service delivery has been limited to date. What probably can be termed transformational in the effect of web 2.0 developments on library and information work is their effect on some underlying principles of professional practice. Research limitations/implications - The legal and ethical challenges of incorporating web 2.0 platforms into mainstream institutional service delivery need to be subject to further research, so that the risks associated with these innovations are better understood at the strategic and policy-making level. Practical implications - This paper makes some recommendations about new principles of library and information practice which will help practitioners make better sense of these innovations in their overall information environment. Social implications - The paper puts in context some of the more problematic social impacts of web 2.0 innovations, without denying the undeniable positive contribution of social networking to the sphere of human interactivity. Originality/value - This paper raises some cautionary points about web 2.0 applications without adopting a precautionary approach of total prohibition. However, none of the suggestions or analysis in this piece should be considered to constitute legal advice. If such advice is required, the reader should consult appropriate legal professionals.
    Date
    22. 1.2011 17:54:04
  2. Oliveira Machado, L.M.; Souza, R.R.; Simões, M. da Graça: Semantic web or web of data? : a diachronic study (1999 to 2017) of the publications of Tim Berners-Lee and the World Wide Web Consortium (2019) 0.11 
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    Abstract
    The web has been, in the last decades, the place where information retrieval achieved its maximum importance, given its ubiquity and the sheer volume of information. However, its exponential growth made the retrieval task increasingly hard, relying in its effectiveness on idiosyncratic and somewhat biased ranking algorithms. To deal with this problem, a "new" web, called the Semantic Web (SW), was proposed, bringing along concepts like "Web of Data" and "Linked Data," although the definitions and connections among these concepts are often unclear. Based on a qualitative approach built over a literature review, a definition of SW is presented, discussing the related concepts sometimes used as synonyms. It concludes that the SW is a comprehensive and ambitious construct that includes the great purpose of making the web a global database. It also follows the specifications developed and/or associated with its operationalization and the necessary procedures for the connection of data in an open format on the web. The goals of this comprehensive SW are the union of two outcomes still tenuously connected: the virtually unlimited possibility of connections between data-the web domain-with the potentiality of the automated inference of "intelligent" systems-the semantic component.
    Theme
    Semantic Web
  3. Villela Dantas, J.R.; Muniz Farias, P.F.: Conceptual navigation in knowledge management environments using NavCon (2010) 0.11 
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    Abstract
    This article presents conceptual navigation and NavCon, an architecture that implements this navigation in World Wide Web pages. NavCon architecture makes use of ontology as metadata to contextualize user search for information. Based on ontologies, NavCon automatically inserts conceptual links in Web pages. By using these links, the user may navigate in a graph representing ontology concepts and their relationships. By browsing this graph, it is possible to reach documents associated with the user desired ontology concept. This Web navigation supported by ontology concepts we call conceptual navigation. Conceptual navigation is a technique to browse Web sites within a context. The context filters relevant retrieved information. The context also drives user navigation through paths that meet his needs. A company may implement conceptual navigation to improve user search for information in a knowledge management environment. We suggest that the use of an ontology to conduct navigation in an Intranet may help the user to have a better understanding about the knowledge structure of the company.
  4. Nejdl, W.; Risse, T.: Herausforderungen für die nationale, regionale und thematische Webarchivierung und deren Nutzung (2015) 0.11 
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    Abstract
    Das World Wide Web ist als weltweites Informations- und Kommunikationsmedium etabliert. Neue Technologien erweitern regelmäßig die Nutzungsformen und erlauben es auch unerfahrenen Nutzern, Inhalte zu publizieren oder an Diskussionen teilzunehmen. Daher wird das Web auch als eine gute Dokumentation der heutigen Gesellschaft angesehen. Aufgrund seiner Dynamik sind die Inhalte des Web vergänglich und neue Technologien und Nutzungsformen stellen regelmäßig neue Herausforderungen an die Sammlung von Webinhalten für die Webarchivierung. Dominierten in den Anfangstagen der Webarchivierung noch statische Seiten, so hat man es heute häufig mit dynamisch generierten Inhalten zu tun, die Informationen aus verschiedenen Quellen integrieren. Neben dem klassischen domainorientieren Webharvesting kann auch ein steigendes Interesse aus verschiedenen Forschungsdisziplinen an thematischen Webkollektionen und deren Nutzung und Exploration beobachtet werden. In diesem Artikel werden einige Herausforderungen und Lösungsansätze für die Sammlung von thematischen und dynamischen Inhalten aus dem Web und den sozialen Medien vorgestellt. Des Weiteren werden aktuelle Probleme der wissenschaftlichen Nutzung diskutiert und gezeigt, wie Webarchive und andere temporale Kollektionen besser durchsucht werden können.
  5. Klic, L.; Miller, M.; Nelson, J.K.; Germann, J.E.: Approaching the largest 'API' : extracting information from the Internet with Python (2018) 0.11 
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    Abstract
    This article explores the need for libraries to algorithmically access and manipulate the world's largest API: the Internet. The billions of pages on the 'Internet API' (HTTP, HTML, CSS, XPath, DOM, etc.) are easily accessible and manipulable. Libraries can assist in creating meaning through the datafication of information on the world wide web. Because most information is created for human consumption, some programming is required for automated extraction. Python is an easy-to-learn programming language with extensive packages and community support for web page automation. Four packages (Urllib, Selenium, BeautifulSoup, Scrapy) in Python can automate almost any web page for all sized projects. An example warrant data project is explained to illustrate how well Python packages can manipulate web pages to create meaning through assembling custom datasets.
  6. Perez, M.: Web 2.0 im Einsatz für die Wissenschaft (2010) 0.09 
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    Abstract
    In diesem Artikel geht es darum, was Web 2.0 für die Wissenschaft bedeutet und welchen Nutzen Web 2.0-Dienste für Wissenschaftler haben. Im Rahmen dieses Themas wird eine Studie vorgestellt, bei der Wissenschaftler unterschiedlicher Fachbereiche unter anderem gefragt wurden, welche Web 2.0-Dienste sie kennen und warum sie Web 2.0-Dienste nutzen. Nach einer kurzen Einleitung zu Web 2.0 und dem bisherigen Forschungsstand folgen die Ergebnisse der Studie, die zeigen werden, dass Web 2.0-Dienste bekannt sind und für private Zwecke und zur Unterhaltung genutzt werden, sie sich allerdings noch nicht als Werkzeuge für die Wissenschaft etabliert haben.
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  7. Boss, C.: Konzeption und Aufbereitung kuratierter Twitter-Listen als Recherchewerkzeug (2017) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Meist reicht ein Blick in die Nachrichten und es wird schnell klar - Inhalte aus sozialen Medien haben einen festen Platz in der Berichterstattung eingenommen. Redakteure binden Fotos von Facebook oder Instagram in Beiträge ein, zeigen Videos von YouTube oder Snapchat und zitieren Tweets. So genannte "Netzreaktionen" und User Generated Content sind seit Langem fester Bestandteil journalistischer Formate. Soziale Netzwerke dienen aber nicht nur der Anreicherung von Beiträgen mit Bildmaterial. Worüber das Netz diskutiert, was gerade "viral" ist und sich überdurchschnittlich schnell in den Communities des World Wide Web verbreitet , dient auch als Trendbarometer und Fundus für die Themenfindung. Aber nicht alles ist bekanntlich Gold, was glänzt. Denn während soziale Netzwerke einerseits wie eine schier unerschöpfliche Quelle quotenträchtiger Stoffe anmuten, so bergen sie doch andererseits einige Hindernisse und Stolpersteine auf dem Weg zum vermeintlich strahlenden Content. Da wäre zum einen die schiere Masse an Posts und Tweets, an Snaps und Live­Videos. So offenbart allein die Nutzerstatistik der Plattform Twitter aus dem Jahr 2016 eine Bilanz von etwa 500 Millionen Tweets - täglich. Zum anderen müssen authentische Inhalte von Spam und Fakes getrennt werden. Journalisten - und alle, die sie bei ihrer Tätigkeit unterstützen - stehen also vor der nicht zu unterschätzenden Herausforderung, soziale Medien effizient zu beobachten, in ihnen zu recherchieren sowie interessante und gleichzeitig echte Inhalte zu selektieren. An die Kuration (lat. curare = sorgen, sich kümmern) von Webinhalten werden bestimmte Erwartungen gestellt. Sie erfordert Expertenwissen auf den abgedeckten Gebieten, ein gutes Informationsmanagement, eine enge Vernetzung mit Quellen und Kanälen sowie die Fähigkeit, den Überblick zu behalten.
  8. Gorgeon, A.; Swanson, E.B.: Web 2.0 according to Wikipedia : capturing an organizing vision (2011) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Is Web 2.0 more than a buzzword? In recent years, technologists and others have heatedly debated this question, even in Wikipedia, itself an example of Web 2.0. From the perspective of the present study, Web 2.0 may indeed be a buzzword, but more substantially it is also an example of an organizing vision that drives a community's discourse about certain new Information Technology (IT), serving to advance the technology's adoption and diffusion. Every organizing vision has a career that reflects its construction over time, and in the present study we examine Web 2.0's career as captured in its Wikipedia entry over a 5-year period, finding that it falls into three distinct periods termed Germination, Growth, and Maturation. The findings reveal how Wikipedia, as a discourse vehicle, treats new IT and its many buzzwords, and more broadly captures the careers of their organizing visions. Too, they further our understanding of Wikipedia as a new encyclopedic form, providing novel insights into its uses, its community of contributors, and their editing activities, as well as the dynamics of article construction.
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    Web 2.0
  9. Olson, N.; Nolin, J.M.; Nelhans, G.: Semantic web, ubiquitous computing, or internet of things? : a macro-analysis of scholarly publications (2015) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate concepts that are used in depicting future visions of society, as afforded by technology, to map the extent of their use, examine the level of their dominance in different research areas and geographic boundaries, identify potential overlaps, analyse their longitudinal growth, and examine whether any of the identified concepts has assumed an overarching position. Design/methodology/approach - In total, 14 concepts, each of which is used to depict visions of future information infrastructures, were identified. More than 20,000 scholarly documents related to 11 of these concepts (those with 20 or more documents) are analysed by various qualitative/quantitative methods. Findings - The concepts most referred to are semantic web and ubiquitous computing (all years), and internet of things (Year 2013). Publications on some newer concepts (e.g. digital living, real world internet) are minimal. There are variations in the extent of use and preferred concepts based on geographic and disciplinary boundaries. The overlap in the use of these terms is minimal and none of these terms has assumed an overarching umbrella position. Research limitations/implications - This study is limited to scholarly publications; it would be relevant to also study the pattern of usage in governmental communications and policy documents. Social implications - By mapping multiplicity of concepts and the dispersion of discussions, the authors highlight the need for, and facilitate, a broader discussion of related social and societal implications. Originality/value - This paper is the first to present a collective of these related concepts and map the pattern of their occurrence and growth.
  10. Benjamin, V.; Chen, H.; Zimbra, D.: Bridging the virtual and real : the relationship between web content, linkage, and geographical proximity of social movements (2014) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    As the Internet becomes ubiquitous, it has advanced to more closely represent aspects of the real world. Due to this trend, researchers in various disciplines have become interested in studying relationships between real-world phenomena and their virtual representations. One such area of emerging research seeks to study relationships between real-world and virtual activism of social movement organization (SMOs). In particular, SMOs holding extreme social perspectives are often studied due to their tendency to have robust virtual presences to circumvent real-world social barriers preventing information dissemination. However, many previous studies have been limited in scope because they utilize manual data-collection and analysis methods. They also often have failed to consider the real-world aspects of groups that partake in virtual activism. We utilize automated data-collection and analysis methods to identify significant relationships between aspects of SMO virtual communities and their respective real-world locations and ideological perspectives. Our results also demonstrate that the interconnectedness of SMO virtual communities is affected specifically by aspects of the real world. These observations provide insight into the behaviors of SMOs within virtual environments, suggesting that the virtual communities of SMOs are strongly affected by aspects of the real world.
  11. Schillinger, T.; Winterschladen, S.: Was die Welt zusammenhält : Sieben Menschen schützen das Internet (2010) 0.05 
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    Content
    "Die Geschichte klingt wie eine Verschwörungstheorie oder ein Endzeit-Thriller. Es geht um das Internet. Es geht um sieben Menschen. Es geht um sieben Schlüssel, mit denen die Hüter das World Wide Web retten können. Der Plot geht so: Im Falle eines Cyberangriffs kommen die Bewahrer an einem geheimen Ort in den USA zusammen, um dort das Internet neu zu starten. So fiktiv es sich anhört: Seit vergangener Woche, mit Einführung des Online-Sicherheitssystems DNSSEC (Domain Name System Security), gibt es dieses geheimnisvolle Team tatsächlich. Das Internet ist ein verführerisches Ziel für Attacken. Mehr als zwei Drittel aller Deutschen sind online, weltweit jeder Fünfte. Online-Banking, Internetauktionen, soziale Netzwerke wie Facebook und Twitter - ein großer Teil unseres Lebens spielt sich in der virtuellen Welt ab. "Wenn das Internet weltweit lahm gelegt ist, ist die Welt lahm gelegt", sagt Isabell Unseld vom Anti-Viren-Spezialisten McAfee. Kaum vorstellbar, wenn Kriminelle diese Schwäche ausnutzen könnten. An diesem Punkt der Geschichte kommen die sieben Herrscher über das Internet wieder ins Spiel. Sie leben in Tschechien, Kanada, China, Trinidad Tobago, Burkina Faso, USA und Großbritannien. Einer von ihnen hat sich jetzt verraten. Paul Kane, ein Engländer, hat erzählt, dass er seinen Schlüssel in einer bombensicheren Tasche in einem Tresor aufbewahre.
    "Am Anfang war der Schock Ohne Satelliten gäbe es womöglich gar kein Internet. Denn als Antwort auf den Sputnik-Schock gründet die US-Regierung 1957 ihre neues Forschungszentrum Arpa (Advanced Research Projects Agency). Nachdem die Wissenschaftler in 18 Monaten den ersten US-Satelliten gebaut haben, entwicklen sie Computernetzwerke. Die Dezentralität ist ihnen besonders wichtig. Die verschickten Informationen werden in Pakete zerteilt und über verschiedene Wege zum Empfänger geschickt. Fällt unterwegs ein Knoten aus, etwa im Krieg, suchen sich die Teile der Botschaft den unbeschädigten Weg. Die Kommunikation ist so kaum zu unterbinden. Das Arpanet gilt als die Geburtsstunde des Internet. Die Universität Los Angeles (UCLA) verbindet sich 1969 mit dem Rechner von Stanford. Als erste Botschaft ist das Wort "login" verabredet. Doch nach dem L und dem O ist Schluss. Die Verbindung ist zusammengebrochen, die Revolution hat begonnen. Über das rasant wachsende Netz tauschen sich Forscher aus. Damals lässt sich das Netz aber nur von Profis nutzen. Erst mit der Entwicklung des World Wide Web am Kernforschungszentrum Cern bekommt das Netz Anfang der 90er Jahre das Gesicht, das wir heute kennen."
  12. Huang, C.; Fu, T.; Chen, H.: Text-based video content classification for online video-sharing sites (2010) 0.05 
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    Abstract
    With the emergence of Web 2.0, sharing personal content, communicating ideas, and interacting with other online users in Web 2.0 communities have become daily routines for online users. User-generated data from Web 2.0 sites provide rich personal information (e.g., personal preferences and interests) and can be utilized to obtain insight about cyber communities and their social networks. Many studies have focused on leveraging user-generated information to analyze blogs and forums, but few studies have applied this approach to video-sharing Web sites. In this study, we propose a text-based framework for video content classification of online-video sharing Web sites. Different types of user-generated data (e.g., titles, descriptions, and comments) were used as proxies for online videos, and three types of text features (lexical, syntactic, and content-specific features) were extracted. Three feature-based classification techniques (C4.5, Naïve Bayes, and Support Vector Machine) were used to classify videos. To evaluate the proposed framework, user-generated data from candidate videos, which were identified by searching user-given keywords on YouTube, were first collected. Then, a subset of the collected data was randomly selected and manually tagged by users as our experiment data. The experimental results showed that the proposed approach was able to classify online videos based on users' interests with accuracy rates up to 87.2%, and all three types of text features contributed to discriminating videos. Support Vector Machine outperformed C4.5 and Naïve Bayes techniques in our experiments. In addition, our case study further demonstrated that accurate video-classification results are very useful for identifying implicit cyber communities on video-sharing Web sites.
    Object
    Web 2.0
  13. Schaarwächter, M.: InetBib: Etabliert (2010) 0.05 
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    Abstract
    Die 1994 gegründete Mailingliste hat zurzeit 6500 Teilnehmer / Fachbeiträge, turbulente Diskussionen und jede Menge Stellenanzeigen InetBib ist seit 1994, also seit der Steinzeit des breit genutzten Word Wide Web, eine Gruppe von Personen, die auf elektronischen Wegen über Internetnutzung in Bibliotheken diskutieren. Steinzeit? Ist InetBib ein Fossil? Laut Wikipedia ist ein Fossil ein Zeugnis vergangenen Lebens aus der Erdgeschichte. Das Attribut vergangen passt aber in keiner Weise auf InetBib: Obwohl schon oft totgesagt erfreut sich dieser Mailverteiler immer größerer Beliebtheit. Zurzeit etwa 6500 Teilnehmer lesen und schreiben über neue Projekte, Ideen und Stellenangebote rund um Bibliotheken im Allgemeinen und Informationsvermittlung im Besonderen.
  14. Pereira, D.A.; Ribeiro-Neto, B.; Ziviani, N.; Laender, A.H.F.; Gonçalves, M.A.: ¬A generic Web-based entity resolution framework (2011) 0.05 
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    Abstract
    Web data repositories usually contain references to thousands of real-world entities from multiple sources. It is not uncommon that multiple entities share the same label (polysemes) and that distinct label variations are associated with the same entity (synonyms), which frequently leads to ambiguous interpretations. Further, spelling variants, acronyms, abbreviated forms, and misspellings compound to worsen the problem. Solving this problem requires identifying which labels correspond to the same real-world entity, a process known as entity resolution. One approach to solve the entity resolution problem is to associate an authority identifier and a list of variant forms with each entity-a data structure known as an authority file. In this work, we propose a generic framework for implementing a method for generating authority files. Our method uses information from the Web to improve the quality of the authority file and, because of that, is referred to as WER-Web-based Entity Resolution. Our contribution here is threefold: (a) we discuss how to implement the WER framework, which is flexible and easy to adapt to new domains; (b) we run extended experimentation with our WER framework to show that it outperforms selected baselines; and (c) we compare the results of a specialized solution for author name resolution with those produced by the generic WER framework, and show that the WER results remain competitive.
  15. Dalip, D.H.; Gonçalves, M.A.; Cristo, M.; Calado, P.: ¬A general multiview framework for assessing the quality of collaboratively created content on web 2.0 (2017) 0.05 
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    Date
    16.11.2017 13:04:22
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  16. Majica, M.: ¬Eine ganz große Nummer : dem User eröffnet die Umstellung viele ungekannte Möglicchkeiten - zumindest in Zukunft (2012) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    An diesem Mittwoch ändert sich die Architektur des World Wide Web: Provider, Betreiber von Webseiten und Hersteller von Computern und Smartphones stellen auf den neuen Adressstandard IPv6 um.
  17. Krabo, U.; Knitel, M.: Library linked data : Technologien, Projekte, Potentiale (2011) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    Das Semantic Web und seine Auswirkungen auf Bibliotheken rücken immer mehr in den Fokus informationswissenschaftlicher Forschung. Dieser Artikel erläutert grundlegende funktionale wie technische Konzepte des Semantic Web, um darauf aufbauend in das Thema Library Linked Data einzuführen. Dafür werden einige kürzlich entstandene Projekte und Initiativen vorgestellt. Neben den Visionen und Zielen der jeweiligen Initiatoren, wie bessere Sichtbarkeit von bibliographischen Daten und Entwicklung neuer Applikationen, werden auch offene technische und rechtliche Fragestellungen bzw. Probleme kurzangerissen. In einem letzten Punkt werden mögliche praktische Linked Data-Anwendungsfalle für den österreichischen Kontext vorgestellt.
    Content
    Inhalt 1. Einleitung 2. Das Semantic Web 3. Technologien und Standards 4. Linked Data 5. Library Linked Data: Projekte und Erwartungen 6. Herausforderungen 7. LLD-Anwendungen in Österreich 8. Fazit
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  18. Griesbaum, J.: Social Web : Überblick Einordnung informationswissenschaftliche Perspektiven (2010) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    Der Beitrag behandelt informationswissenschaftliche Perspektiven des Social Web. Hierzu wird zunächst anhand technologischer und sozialer Entwicklungstendenzen des Internets eine begriffliche Annäherung vorgenommen und die sich daraus ergebenden Phänomene mittels einer exemplarischen Darstellung wichtiger Dienste und Anwendungen veranschaulicht. Darauf aufsetzend wird das Social Web aus gesellschaftlicher Perspektive als eine globale Architektur der Partizipation eingeordnet, die in langfristiger Sicht das Potential für strukturelle Umbrüche in vielfältigen Bereichen und Handlungsfeldern in sich birgt. Dabei lassen sich aus informationswissenschaftlicher Perspektive insbesondere Auswirkungen auf die Ausprägung individueller und kollektiver Informations-, Wissens- und Kommunikationsprozesse als für die Disziplin relevante Aspekte begreifen. So bereichert das Social Web zentrale Themenfelder wie das Information Retrieval, die Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion oder das Wissensmanagement um neuartige Facetten. Zugleich werden neue Forschungsfelder virulent. Der Artikel skizziert beispielhaft einige dieser Aspekte, die derzeit in Hildesheim, insbesondere mit der neu geschaffenen Juniorprofessur "Social Networks and Collaborative Media", zu einer Erweiterung des informationswissenschaftlichen Lehr- und Forschungsportfolios führen. Ziel des Beitrags ist es zu verdeutlichen, dass die derzeitigen Entwicklungstendenzen des Internets die Bedeutung der Informationswissenschaft als wichtige zukunftsorientierte Lehr- und Forschungsdisziplin unterstreichen und zugleich Chancen und Bedarf für eine offensive Profilierung der Disziplin schaffen.
    Object
    Web 2.0
  19. Johnson, E.H.: S R Ranganathan in the Internet age (2019) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    S R Ranganathan's ideas have influenced library classification since the inception of his Colon Classification in 1933. His address at Elsinore, "Library Classification Through a Century", was his grand vision of the century of progress in classification from 1876 to 1975, and looked to the future of faceted classification as the means to provide a cohesive system to organize the world's information. Fifty years later, the internet and its achievements, social ecology, and consequences present a far more complicated picture, with the library as he knew it as a very small part and the problems that he confronted now greatly exacerbated. The systematic nature of Ranganathan's canons, principles, postulates, and devices suggest that modern semantic algorithms could guide automatic subject tagging. The vision presented here is one of internet-wide faceted classification and retrieval, implemented as open, distributed facets providing unified faceted searching across all web sites.
  20. Davison, R.M.; Ou, C.X.J.; Martinsons, M.G.; Zhao, A.Y.; Du, R.: ¬The communicative ecology of Web 2.0 at work : social networking in the workspace (2014) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    Social media have transformed social interactions and now look set to transform workplace communications. In this exploratory study, we investigate how employees use and get value from a variety of social networking technologies. The context of this research is 4 software firms located in China. Notwithstanding differences in corporate attitudes toward social networking, we identify common themes in the way Web 2.0 technologies are leveraged as value is created by employees at all levels. We draw on the communication ecology framework to analyze the application of various technologies. We inductively develop 5 propositions that describe how social networking technologies contribute directly to horizontal and vertical communication in organizations, and ultimately to individual, team, and organizational performance. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

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