-
Chung, Y.-M.; Noh, Y.-H.: Developing a specialized directory system by automatically classifying Web documents (2003)
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- Abstract
- This study developed a specialized directory system using an automatic classification technique. Economics was selected as the subject field for the classification experiments with Web documents. The classification scheme of the directory follows the DDC, and subject terms representing each class number or subject category were selected from the DDC table to construct a representative term dictionary. In collecting and classifying the Web documents, various strategies were tested in order to find the optimal thresholds. In the classification experiments, Web documents in economics were classified into a total of 757 hierarchical subject categories built from the DDC scheme. The first and second experiments using the representative term dictionary resulted in relatively high precision ratios of 77 and 60%, respectively. The third experiment employing a machine learning-based k-nearest neighbours (kNN) classifier in a closed experimental setting achieved a precision ratio of 96%. This implies that it is possible to enhance the classification performance by applying a hybrid method combining a dictionary-based technique and a kNN classifier
-
Wyly, B.: What lies ahead for classification in information networks? : report of a panel discussion (1995)
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- Abstract
- Ia McIlwaine, head of the Classification Research Group and editor of the UDC, noticed that the session's title invited crystal ball gazing, a talent she denied possessing. However, she admitted that she had asked the Classification Research Group to engage in such an exercise with her. The Group found, like the participants at the Allerton Institute were finding, that the contemplation of classification's future provided more questions than answers, but the questions were well worth considering. Her talk focused around a problem which originates in the difference between classifiers' uses and users' uses for classification systems. For users, who speak with the paraphrased self-confidence of Humpty Dumpty, a subject is a subject because they say it is. McIlwaine pointed out that this process of "saying" is at the heart of the users' needs which should be addressed by classification systems. Users use words to approach information systems and their associated classification systems. Classifiers need to recognize that this is the use to which their systems will be put. A body of users external to the classification process will make very different demands upon the system as compared to the users of the classification system who are also the creators of the system. Users desire information grouped for individual usefulness, and the groupings need to be according to words through which users can approach the system.
- Footnote
- Paper presented at the 36th Allerton Institute, 23-25 Oct 94, Allerton Park, Monticello, IL: "New Roles for Classification in Libraries and Information Networks: Presentation and Reports"
- Source
- Cataloging and classification quarterly. 21(1995) no.2, S.75-82
-
McIlwaine, I.: Knowledge classifications, bibliographic classifications and the Internet (1998)
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- Abstract
- The advent of the Internet has intensified problems of classification and nomenclature in a range of disciplines that have been the concern of librarians and scientists for over a century. Biology and Medicine are selected as examples, and the work of specialists both in scientific systematics and taxonomy and in bibliographic classification is examined in order to suggest some solutions to current difficulties in information retrieval
-
Lin, Z.Y.: Classification practice and implications for subject directories of the Chinese language Web-based digital library (2000)
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-
Morgan, E.L.: Possible solutions for incorporating digital information mediums into traditional library cataloging services (1996)
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- Series
- Cataloging and classification quarterly; vol.22, nos.3/4
- Source
- Electronic resources: selection and bibliographic control. Ed.: L.-Y.W. Pattie, u. B.J. Cox
-
Dillon, M.; Jul, E.: Cataloging Internet resources : the convergence of libraries and Internet resources (1996)
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- Series
- Cataloging and classification quarterly; vol.22, nos.3/4
- Source
- Electronic resources: selection and bibliographic control. Ed.: L.-Y.W. Pattie, u. B.J. Cox
-
Engel, G.: User instruction for access to catalogs and databases on the Internet (1991)
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- Abstract
- Online library catalogues and other information resources accessible through network connections offer students and scholars a variety of useful data, but present special problems to remote users. Issues facing the user of Internet-accessible systems include: knowing how to reach a system; finding out what a system contains; mastering commands and menu structures; using appropriate kinds of search terms; and choosing among systems to meet information needs effectively. These issues should be addressed by bibliographic instruction librarians and others who develop instructional units for access to systems on the Internet
- Date
- 8. 1.2007 17:22:52
- Source
- Cataloging and classification quarterly. 13(1991) nos.3/4, S.141-156
-
Lee, H.-L.; Carlyle, A.: Academic library gateways to online information : a taxonomy of organizational structures (2003)
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- Abstract
- Reports a preliminary analysis of organizational schemes applied by academic libraries worldwide to arrange their electronic resources an their Web-based information gateways. The unsystematic sample consists of 41 academic libraries in 10 countries representing 4 languages, Chinese, English, German, and Spanish. The study reveals a widely accepted practice in applying 6 simplistic methods to organizing online information: by resource type, alphabetical by title, alphabetical by subject (mostly discipline and genre), by vendor/publisher, by broad classification, and random. In addition, it notes a marked difference between libraries in the English-speaking world and those in other countries in that the former present significantly more systematic characteristics.
-
Johnson, E.H.: S R Ranganathan in the Internet age (2019)
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- Abstract
- S R Ranganathan's ideas have influenced library classification since the inception of his Colon Classification in 1933. His address at Elsinore, "Library Classification Through a Century", was his grand vision of the century of progress in classification from 1876 to 1975, and looked to the future of faceted classification as the means to provide a cohesive system to organize the world's information. Fifty years later, the internet and its achievements, social ecology, and consequences present a far more complicated picture, with the library as he knew it as a very small part and the problems that he confronted now greatly exacerbated. The systematic nature of Ranganathan's canons, principles, postulates, and devices suggest that modern semantic algorithms could guide automatic subject tagging. The vision presented here is one of internet-wide faceted classification and retrieval, implemented as open, distributed facets providing unified faceted searching across all web sites.
-
Frost, C.O.; Janes, J.: ¬An empirical test of gopher searching using three organizational schemes : background and methods (1994)
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- Abstract
- This paper describes the background underlying and the methods to be used in an investigation of use of the gopher protocol for browsing and searching for information via the Internet. Networked information resources are notoriously difficult to find; gopher is one attempt to facilitate the processes of organization and retrieval in that environment. Our project will design classification schemes based on traditional library models (i.e. Dewey and Library of Congress) and compare use of these to use of an existing gopher. We describe the project, the research questions, literature on related issues, the construction of the classification schemes, and the experimental methodology used
-
Dunsire, G.: ¬The Internet as a tool for cataloguing and classification, a view from the UK (2000)
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- Abstract
- The use of various Internet services by library cataloguers and subject classifiers is discussed, with special reference to Scotland and the remainder of the United Kingdom. Services include e-mail, FTP, and Websites
-
Cordeiro, M.I.: Knowledge organization from libraries to the Web : strong demands on the weakest side of international librarianship (2003)
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- Abstract
- This paper reflects on some major aspects related to library subject access systems in the era of networked information. The main argument builds on the fact that we nowadays witness the strongest demand and expectation on subject access tools, coming from far beyond the traditional library world, but the field remains the weakest side of international librarianship. While the emergence to cope with the practical challenges of a wider environment is emphasized, the need to reinforce the internationalization of knowledge organization as a professional library matter is stressed, not only at the pragmatic level but also, more importantly, in theoretical terms.
- Content
- Beitrag eines Themenheftes "Knowledge organization and classification in international information retrieval"
- Source
- Cataloging and classification quarterly. 37(2003) nos.1/2, S.65-79
-
Long, C.E.: ¬The Internet's value to catalogers : results of a survey (1997)
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- Abstract
- Reports results of a questionnaire survey of cataloguers, conducted over the AUTOCAT Internet discussion group, to determine those areas of cataloguing for which the Internet is a valuable tool and those areas for which it is not as useful. Respondents indicated 4 areas in which cataloguers use the Internet: searching the OPACs of other libraries, communicating with colleagues, accessing online cataloguing documentation and publications, and authority work. Cataloguers who found access to other libraries' OPACs did so for the following reasons: assigning call numbers and subject headings; finding full cataloguing copy from other libraries; enriching their local catalogue with notes present in records in other libraries; finding copy for foreign language items that cannot be read by library staff; and resolving difficult problems when important parts of the item are missing ar are in disarray. Some cataloguers also related processes for which they have found the Internet to not be efficient
- Date
- 29. 8.1997 19:46:22
- Source
- Cataloging and classification quarterly. 23(1997) nos.3/4, S.65-74
-
Vizine-Goetz, D.: Dewey as an Internet subject guide (1998)
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- Abstract
- This paper describes how the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) is being prepared for use as an Internet subject guide. These preparations are being carried out in three phases 1) adding supplemental terminology to the DDC to better lead Internet users to relevant DDC categories, 2) revising the Dewey captions for currency and expressiveness, and 3) prototyping a Web-accessible Dewey Subject Guide that incorporates the outcomes from the earlier phases. Phases 1 and 2 are addressed in detail in this paper
-
Ardö, A.; Godby, J.; Houghton, A.; Koch, T.; Reighart, R.; Thompson, R.; Vizine-Goetz, D.: Browsing engineering resources on the Web : a general knowledge organization scheme (Dewey) vs. a special scheme (EI) (2000)
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- Abstract
- Under the auspices of the Desire II project, researchers at NetLab and OCLC are providing searching and browsing of a test collection of engineering documents on the Web. The goal of the project is to explore simple methods of automatic classification to provide subject browsing of a robot-generated engineering index. At NetLab the documents are automatically classified and organized using an engineering-specific scheme, the Engineering Index (Ei) Thesaurus and Classification; at OCLC the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), a general knowledge organization scheme, is being used
-
Hudon, M.: Innovation and tradition in knowledge organization schemes on the Internet, or, Finding one's way in the virtual library (2000)
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- Abstract
- Because of the nature, number, and extreme mobility of resources available on electronic networks, access instruments that will allow information seekers to find relevant Web pages or sites are essential. While virtual libraries without clear collection development policies continue to be established, ad hoc knowledge organization schemes also continue to be conceived and implemented; these so-called innovative classification tools are generally structured around loose categories representing a mix of disciplines, subjects, forms of presentation, and audiences. This paper discusses a few examples of Web-based organization schemes, suggesting that their degree of intuitiveness, user-friendliness and efficiency is very possibly overrated
-
Hsieh-Yee, I.: Search tactics of Web users in searching for texts, graphics, known items and subjects : a search simulation study (1998)
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- Abstract
- Reports on a study of the search tactics used in searching the WWW and in dealing with difficulties such as too many postings and no relevant postings. Describes how the study was carried out, the analytical techniques used in it, and the results. Notes that with regard to tactics used to address search difficulties, no differences were found between searchers for texts and those for graphic information, and between those for known items and subject searches. Comments on the similarities and differences between the tactics used and and those used in online searching, including online catalogue searching
- Date
- 25.12.1998 19:22:31
-
Bates, M.J.: Indexing and access for digital libraries and the Internet : Human, database, and domain factors (1998)
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- Abstract
- Discussion in the research community and among the general public regarding content indexing (especially subject indexing) and access to digital resources, especially on the Internet, has underutilized research on a variety of factors that are important in the design of such access mechanisms. Some of these factors and issues are reviewed and implications drawn for information system design in the era of electronic access. Specifically the following are discussed: Human factors: Subject searching vs. indexing, multiple terms of access, flok classification, basic level terms, and folk access; Database factors: Bradford's law, vocabulary scalability, the Resnikoff-Dolby 30:1 Rule; Domain factors: Role of domain in indexing
-
MacLennan, A.: Classification and the Internet (2000)
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- Source
- The future of classification. Ed. R. Marcella u. A. Maltby
-
Jansen, B.J.: Searching for digital images on the web (2008)
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- Abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the way in which end user searching on the web has become the primary method of locating digital images for many people. This paper seeks to investigate how users structure these image queries. Design/methodology/approach - This study investigates the structure and formation of image queries on the web by mapping a sample of web queries to three known query classification schemes for image searching (i.e. Enser and McGregor, Jörgensen, and Chen). Findings - The results indicate that the features and attributes of web image queries differ relative to image queries utilized on other information retrieval systems and by other user populations. This research points to the need for five additional attributes (i.e. collections, pornography, presentation, URL, and cost) in order to classify web image queries, which were not present in any of the three prior classification schemes. Research limitations/implications - Patterns in web searching for image content do emerge that inform the design of web-based multimedia systems, namely, that there is a high interest in locating image collections by web searchers. Objects and people images are the predominant interest for web searchers. Cost is a factor for web searching. This knowledge of the structure of web image queries has implications for the design of image information retrieval systems and repositories, especially in the area of automatic tagging of images with metadata. Originality/value - This is the first research that examines whether or not one can apply image query classifications schemes to web image queries.
