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Abstract

The speed of scientific communication - the rate of ideas affecting other researchers' ideas - is increasing dramatically. The factor driving this is free, unrestricted access to research papers. Measurements of user activity in mature eprint archives of research papers such as arXiv have shown, for the first time, the degree to which such services support an evolving network of texts commenting on, citing, classifying, abstracting, listing and revising other texts. The Open Citation project has built tools to measure this activity, to build new archives, and has been closely involved with the development of the infrastructure to support open access on which these new services depend. This is the story of the project, intertwined with the concurrent emergence of the Open Archives Initiative (OAI). The paper describes the broad scope of the project's work, showing how it has progressed from early demonstrators of reference linking to produce Citebase, a Web-based citation and impact-ranked search service, and how it has supported the development of the EPrints.org software for building OAI-compliant archives. The work has been underpinned by analysis and experiments on the semantics of documents (digital objects) to determine the features required for formally perfect linking - instantiated as an application programming interface (API) for reference linking - that will enable other applications to build on this work in broader digital library information environments.

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Abstract

In the present work we discuss opportunities, problems, tools and techniques encountered when interconnecting discipline-specific subject classifications, primarily organized as search devices in bibliographic databases, with general classifications originally devised for book shelving in public libraries. We first state the fundamental distinction between topical (or subject) classifications and object classifications. Then we trace the structural limitations that have constrained subject classifications since their library origins, and the devices that were used to overcome the gap with genuine knowledge representation. After recalling some general notions on structure, dynamics and interferences of subject classifications and of the objects they refer to, we sketch a synthetic overview on discipline-specific classifications in Mathematics, Computing and Physics, on one hand, and on general classifications on the other. In this setting we present The Scientific Classifications Page, which collects groups of Web pages produced by a pool of software tools for developing hypertextual presentations of single or paired subject classifications from sequential source files, as well as facilities for gathering information from KWIC lists of classification descriptions. Further we propose a concept-oriented methodology for interconnecting subject classifications, with the concrete support of a relational analysis of the whole Mathematics Subject Classification through its evolution since 1959. Finally, we recall a very basic method for interconnection provided by coreference in bibliographic records among index elements from different systems, and point out the advantages of establishing the conditions of a more widespread application of such a method. A part of these contents was presented under the title Mathematics Subject Classification and related Classifications in the Digital World at the Eighth International Conference Crimea 2001, "Libraries and Associations in the Transient World: New Technologies and New Forms of Cooperation", Sudak, Ukraine, June 9-17, 2001, in a special session on electronic libraries, electronic publishing and electronic information in science chaired by Bernd Wegner, Editor-in-Chief of Zentralblatt MATH.

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Date

5. 1.2008 19:22:48

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Abstract

Noch ist nicht entschieden mit welcher Vehemenz das sogenannte Web 2.0 die Bibliotheken verändern wird. Allerdings wird hier und da bereits mit Bezugnahme auf das sogenannte Semantic Web von einer dritten und mancherorts von einer vierten Generation des Web gesprochen. Der Vortrag hinterfragt kritisch, welche Konzepte sich hinter diesen Bezeichnungen verbergen und geht der Frage nach, welche Herausforderungen eine Übernahme dieser Konzepte für die Bibliothekswelt mit sich bringen würde. Vgl. insbes. Folie 22 mit einer Darstellung von der Entwicklung vom Web 1.0 zum Web 4.0

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Abstract

"Zweimal täglich googeln" empfiehlt Mathias Bröckers in seinem Buch "Verschwörungen, Verschwörungstheorien und die Geheimnisse des 11.9.". Der Band gilt den gutbürgerlichen Medien von FAZ bis Spiegel als Musterbeispiel krankhafter Verschwörungstheorie. Dabei wollte der Autor - nach eigenem Bekunden - keine Verschwörungstheorie zum 11. September vorlegen, sondern lediglich auf Widersprüche und Fragwürdigkeiten in den amtlichen Darstellungen und Erklärungen der US-Regierung zu jenem Terroranschlag hinweisen. Unabhängig davon, wie ernst diese Einlassungen des Autors zu nehmen sind, ist der "Fall Bröckers" für die Erforschung von Verschwörungstheorien unter zwei Aspekten interessant: Erstens geht der Band auf ein [[extern] ] konspirologisches Tagebuch zurück, das der Autor zwischen dem 13. September 2001 und dem 22. März 2002 für das Online-Magazin Telepolis verfasst hat; zweitens behauptet Bröckers in der Einleitung zum Buch, dass er für seine Arbeit ausschließlich über das Netz zugängliche Quellen genutzt habe. Hierbei hätte ihm Google unverzichtbare Dienste geleistet: Um an die Informationen in diesem Buch zu kommen, musste ich weder über besondere Beziehungen verfügen, noch mich mit Schlapphüten und Turbanträgern zu klandestinen Treffen verabreden - alle Quellen liegen offen. Sie zu finden, leistete mir die Internet-Suchmaschine Google unschätzbare Dienste. Mathias Bröckers

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Date

21. 4.2002 10:22:31

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Date

24.10.2008 14:19:22