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Parrochia, D.: Mathematical theory of classification (2018)
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Tennis, J.T.: Never facets alone : the evolving thought and persistent problems in Ranganathan's theories of classification (2017)
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Bergman, M.K..: Hierarchy in knowledge systems (2022)
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Ranganathan, S.R.: Facet analysis: fundamental categories (1985)
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- Abstract
- Among the theorists in the field of subject analysis in the twentieth century, none has been more influential than S. R. Ranganathan (1892-1972) of India, a mathematician by training who turned to librarianship and made some of the most far-reaching contributions to the theory of librarianship in general and subject analysis in particular. Dissatisfied with both the Dewey Decimal Classification and the Universal Decimal Classification, Ranganathan set out to develop his own system. His Colon Classification was first published in 1933 and went through six editions; the seventh edition was in progress when Ranganathan died in 1972. In the course of developing the Colon Classification, Ranganathan formulated a body of classification theory which was published in numerous writings, of which the best known are Elements of Library Classification (1945; 3rd ed., 1962) and Prolegomena to Library Classification (1967). Among the principles Ranganathan established, the most powerful and influential are those relating to facet analysis. Ranganathan demonstrated that facet analysis (breaking down subjects into their component parts) and synthesis (recombining these parts to fit the documents) provide the most viable approach to representing the contents of documents. Although the idea and use of facets, though not always called by that name, have been present for a long time (for instance, in the Dewey Decimal Classification and Charles A. Cutter's Expansive Classification), Ranganathan was the person who systematized the ideas and established principles for them. For his Colon Classification, Ranganathan identified five fundamental categories: Personality (P), Material (M), Energy (E), Space (S) and Time (T) and the citation order PMEST based an the idea of decreasing concreteness.
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Hjoerland, B.: ¬The classification of psychology : a case study in the classification of a knowledge field (1998)
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Campbell, G.: ¬A queer eye for the faceted guy : how a universal classification principle can be applied to a distinct subculture (2004)
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Hjoerland, B.: ¬The methodology of constructing classification schemes : a discussion of the state-of-the-art (2003)
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Olson, H.; Nielsen, J.; Dippie, S.R.: Encyclopaedist rivalry, classificatory commonality, illusory universality (2003)
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McIlwaine, I.C.: Where have all the flowers gone? : An investigation into the fate of some special classification schemes (2003)
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Bliss, H.E.: ¬A bibliographic classification : principles and definitions (1985)
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Vickery, B.C.: Systematic subject indexing (1985)
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Feibleman, J.K.: Theory of integrative levels (1985)
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Putkey, T.: Using SKOS to express faceted classification on the Semantic Web (2011)
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Broughton, V.; Slavic, A.: Building a faceted classification for the humanities : principles and procedures (2007)
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Beghtol, C.: Response to Hjoerland and Nicolaisen (2004)
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Foskett, D.J.: Classification and integrative levels (1985)
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Classification Research Group: ¬The need for a faceted classification as the basis of all methods of information retrieval (1985)
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Fairthorne, R.A.: Temporal structure in bibliographic classification (1985)
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