Search (141 results, page 1 of 8)

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Source

Information und Märkte: 50. Deutscher Dokumentartag 1998, Kongreß der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Dokumentation e.V. (DGD), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 22.-24. September 1998. Hrsg. von Marlies Ockenfeld u. Gerhard J. Mantwill

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Date

18. 5.2002 17:29:00

Theme

Verbale Doksprachen im Online-Retrieval
Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval

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Abstract

Moderne Verfahren des Information Retrieval verlangen nach aussagekräftigen und detailliert relationierten Dokumentationssprachen. Der selektive Transfer einzelner Modellierungsstrategien aus dem Bereich semantischer Technologien für die Gestaltung und Relationierung bestehender Dokumentationssprachen wird diskutiert. In Form einer Taxonomie wird ein hierarchisch strukturiertes Relationeninventar definiert, welches sowohl hinreichend allgemeine als auch zahlreiche spezifische Relationstypen enthält, die eine detaillierte und damit aussagekräftige Relationierung des Vokabulars ermöglichen. Das bringt einen Zugewinn an Übersichtlichkeit und Funktionalität. Im Gegensatz zu anderen Ansätzen und Überlegungen zur Schaffung von Relationeninventaren entwickelt der vorgestellte Vorschlag das Relationeninventar aus der Begriffsmenge eines bestehenden Gegenstandsbereichs heraus.

Date

2. 3.2013 12:29:05

Source

Wissensspeicher in digitalen Räumen: Nachhaltigkeit - Verfügbarkeit - semantische Interoperabilität. Proceedings der 11. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation, Konstanz, 20. bis 22. Februar 2008. Hrsg.: J. Sieglerschmidt u. H.P.Ohly

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Abstract

This article provides an overview of recent developments relating to the application of thesauri in information organisation and retrieval on the World Wide Web. It describes some recent thesaurus projects undertaken to facilitate resource description and discovery and access to wide-ranging information resources on the Internet. Types of thesauri available on the Web, thesauri integrated in databases and information retrieval systems, and multiple-thesaurus systems for cross-database searching are also discussed. Collective efforts and events in addressing the standardisation and novel applications of thesauri are briefly reviewed.

Theme

Internet

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Date

15. 3.2000 10:22:37

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Abstract

The latest thesaurus guidelines, ISO 2788 and ANSI/NISO Z39.19-1993, were published before many recent changes in the nature of databases, and before the full impact of the Internet on information storage and retrieval. The major changes are addressed in light of implications for reconsideration and possible revision of the guidelines

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Abstract

The information retrieval thesaurus emerged in the 1950s, settled down to a more-or-less standard format in the 1970s and has continued to evolve marginally since then. Throughout its whole lifetime, doubts have been expressed about its efficacy with emphasis latterly on cost-effectiveness. Prolonged testing of different styles of index language in the 1970s failed to settle the doubts. The arena occupied by the debate has moved from small isolated databases in the post-war era to diverse situations nowadays with the whole Internet at one extreme and small in-house collections at the other. Sophisticated statistical techniques now dominate the retrieval landscape on the Internet but leave opportunities for the thesaurus and other knowledge organization techniques in niches such as image libraries and corporate intranets. The promise of an ontology-driven semantic web with linked data resources opens another opportunity. Thus much scope remains for research to establish the usefulness of the thesaurus in these places and to inspire its continuing evolution.

Content

Beitrag in einem Special issue: The Great Debate: "This House Believes that the Traditional Thesaurus has no Place in Modern Information Retrieval." [19 February 2015, 14:00-17:30 preceded by ISKO UK AGM and followed by networking, wine and nibbles; vgl.: http://www.iskouk.org/content/great-debate].

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Abstract

Neuentwicklungen in der realen Welt ziehen Veränderungen in der Begriffswelt nach sich. So haben wir es derzeit beispielsweise nicht mehr nur mit Bibliotheken zu tun, vielmehr hat sich das Anwendungsspektrum des Begriffs in neuer Zeit so erweitert, daß wir von der elektronischen, der virtuellen und der digitalen Bibliothek sprechen, wobei diese Bezeichnungen nicht etwa identisch sind, sondern das jeweils Spezifische zu ihrer Entstehungszeit kennzeichnen. Die genaue Reflektion und Einordnung der modernen Thesaurusentwicklungen auf dem Gebiet der Information und Dokumentation zwingt ebenso zu eindeutigen begrifflichen Abgrenzungen und Benennungen. Bislang hat dies u.a. zu den Begriffen 'Information Retrieval Thesaurus', 'Metathesaurus', 'Macrothesaurus' und nicht zuletzt 'semantischer Thesaurus' geführt, die den Begriff des dokumentarischen Thesaurus jeweils spezifizieren. Mit dem Begriff des semiotischen Thesaurus, der den semantischen, den syntaktischen und insbesondere auch den pragmatischen Aspekt berücksichtigt, kennzeichnen wir nun eine neue Entwicklung, die den Thesaurus stärker auf das Begriffssystem des Endnutzers apliziert und damit einen bisher völlig vernachlässigten Bereich der Thesaurusforschung in das Zentrum der Betrachtung rückt. Angeregt von der Bezeichnung 'semantischer Thesaurus' hat uns die Morris'sche Dreistrahligkeit des Zeichenbegriffs zu dieser Benennung geführt, und wir haben den Begriff des pragmatischen Thesaurus aus der semiotischen Perspektive hergeleitet

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Abstract

When consumers search for health information, a major obstacle is their unfamiliarity with the medical terminology. Even though medical thesauri such as the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and related tools (e.g., the MeSH Browser) were created to help consumers find medical term definitions, the lack of direct and explicit integration of these help tools into a health retrieval system prevented them from effectively achieving their objectives. To explore this issue, we conducted an empirical study with two systems: One is a simple interface system supporting query-based searching; the other is an augmented system with two new components supporting MeSH term searching and MeSH tree browsing. A total of 45 subjects were recruited to participate in the study. The results indicated that the augmented system is more effective than the simple system in terms of improving user-perceived topic familiarity and question-answer performance, even though we did not find users spend more time on the augmented system. The two new MeSH help components played a critical role in participants' health information retrieval and were found to allow them to develop new search strategies. The findings of the study enhanced our understanding of consumers' search behaviors and shed light on the design of future health information retrieval systems.

Date

25. 1.2016 18:43:29

Theme

Verbale Doksprachen im Online-Retrieval

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Abstract

Part of a special issue on hypertext and information retrieval. Conventional information retrieval systems provide little support for browsing. Browsing is the major method of searching in hypertext system but users can become disoriented even when browsing small information space. If hypertext is to be used to support browsing in bibliographic databases navigational assistance will be required. Examines the role of thesauri as navigational aids for subject domains of Bibliographic databases. Presents the design of an experimental hypertext-based browsing inference for a thesaurus and its implementation using a commercially available hypertext program. Examines strategies for linking the thesaurus to a database

Source

Information processing and management. 29(1993) no.3, S.345-357

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Abstract

The benefits of a well constructed thesaurus to an information retrieval system have long been recognised by both researchers and practitioners in the field. Examines both early and current approaches to automatic thesaurus construction and describes an approach to the automatic generation of global thesauri based on the term discrimination value model of Salton Yang, and Yu and on an appropriate clustering algorithm. This method has been implemented and applied to 2 document collections. Preliminary results indicate that this method, which produces improvements in retrieval performance in excess of 10 and 15% in the test collections, is viable and worthy of continued investigation.

Date

22. 4.1996 3:39:53

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Abstract

Thesauri have been important information and knowledge organisation tools for more than three decades. The recent emergence and phenomenal growth of the World Wide Web has created new opportunities to introduce thesauri as information search and retrieval aids to end user communities. While the number of web-based and hypertextual thesauri continues to grow, few investigations have yet been carried out to evaluate how end-users, for whom all these efforts are ostensibly made, interact with and make use of thesauri for query building and expansion. The present paper reports a pilot study carried out to determine the extent to which a thesaurus-enhanced search interface to a web-based database aided end-users in their selection of search terms. The study also investigated the ways in which users interacted with the thesaurus structure, terms, and interface. Thesaurusbased searching and browsing behaviours adopted by users while interacting with the thesaurus-enhanced search interface were also examined. 1. Introduction The last decade has witnessed the emergence of a broad range of applications for knowledge structures in general and thesauri in particular. A number of researchers have predicted that thesauri will increasingly be used in retrieval rather than for indexing (Milstead, 1998; Aitchison et al., 1997) and that their application in information retrieval systems will become more diverse due to the growth of fulltext databases accessed over the Internet (Williamson, 2000). Some researchers have emphasised the need for tailoring the structure and content of thesauri as tools for end-user searching (Bates, 1986; Strong and Drott, 1986; Anderson and Rowley, 1991; Lopez-Huertas, 1997) while others have suggested thesaurus-enhanced user interfaces to support query formulation and expansion (Pollitt et.al., 1994; Jones et.al., 1995; Beaulieu, 1997). The recent phenomenal growth of the World Wide Web has created new opportunities to introduce thesauri as information search and retrieval aids to end user communities. While the number of web-based and hypertextual thesauri continues to grow, few investigations have been carried out to evaluate the ways in which end-users interact with and make use of online thesauri for query building and expansion. The work reported here expands an a pilot study (Shiri and Revie, 2001) carried out to investigate user - thesaurus interaction in the domains of biology and veterinary medicine.

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Abstract

Die verstärkte Diskussion über qualitativ bessere Such- und Erschließungsmethoden im Internet führt auch dazu, dass Thesauri und Klassifikation bei Fachanbietern und im wissenschaftlich-bibliothekarischen Bereich verstärkt wieder Thema und auch Gegenstand von Projekten geworden sind. Solche Konjunkturschwankungen sind ein bekanntes Phänomen, denn schon immer haben fachlich-methodische Instrumente in Zeiten technologischer Schübe schlechte Konjunktur. Wenn die technologischen Machbarkeiten dann kritisch überdacht werden müssen und die Probleme der Qualitätssicherung ins Auge fallen, rückt das Problem der Vermittlung technologischer Verfahren mit sach- und inhaltsbezogenen Anforderungen unweigerlich wieder stärker in den Mittelpunkt des Interesses'. Meine Ausführungen richten sich vor allem auf aktuelle Probleme der Produktion und Wiedergewinnung von Informationen oder präziser: von Fachinformationen, Fragen der Qualitätssicherung und die Rolle, die Klassifikationen und Thesauri in diesem Zusammenhang spielen oder spielen könnten. Insbesondere der Aspekt der Nutzerakzeptanz wird hier stärker thematisiert. Der Punkt nettere Ansätze wird etwas eingehender am Beispiel der Vernetzung verschiedener Thesauri und Klassifikationen mittels sogenannter Cross-Konkordanzen erläutert. Im Folgenden beziehe ich mich vor allem auf die Sozialwissenschaften und insbesondere die Erziehungswissenschaft. Dies ist der fachliche Background des Fachinformationssystem Bildung, und des Deutschen Bildungsservers in deren Kontext ich mit den hier angesprochenen Problemen befasst bin

Theme

Klassifikationssysteme im Online-Retrieval
Internet

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Abstract

Thesauri have triumphed in many domains that require precise and exhaustive information because of their representational power, their capability to integrate the concept-based and alphabetical approaches to organizing information, and their standardization and, more recently, formalization. Nevertheless, there is room to improve their relevance in the digital age by embracing the open linked data initiatives and by taking advantage of their structural and functional proximity to some of the big collaborative knowledge repositories in the Internet, notably the Wikipedia environment. With a focus on its implications for enhanced interoperability, this structural proximity is analysed, and the benefits of such collaboration for the different potential stakeholders are considered. It is proposed that better devices for ensuring semantic browsing are provided when necessary, and that an open hub for thesauri interconnection is developed, perhaps using existing big open Internet semantic facilities, such as Wikipedia.

Content

Beitrag in einem Special issue: The Great Debate: "This House Believes that the Traditional Thesaurus has no Place in Modern Information Retrieval." [19 February 2015, 14:00-17:30 preceded by ISKO UK AGM and followed by networking, wine and nibbles; vgl.: http://www.iskouk.org/content/great-debate].

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Abstract

Thesauri are knowledge models commonly used for information classication and retrieval whose structure is dened by standards that describe the main features the concepts and relations must have. However, following these standards requires a deep knowledge of the field the thesaurus is going to cover and experience in their creation. To help in this task, this paper describes a software processing chain that provides dierent validation components that evaluates the quality of the main thesaurus features.

Series

Information Systems and Applications, incl. Internet/Web, and HCI; 10151

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Source

Searcher. 3(1995) no.8, S.18-22

Theme

Verbale Doksprachen im Online-Retrieval

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Abstract

Shows that it is possible to construct a lexical database by combining material from a number of machine-readable sources. Discusses the kind of lexical information required for applications in information retrieval and in other natural language processing areas, such as database interfaces and automatic filing systems. Describes the organization of the lexical database which is stored in an Oracle relational database management system and the design of the tables that comprise the database. In addition to the traditional alphabetic listing, access is privided from roots to derived forms and from derived forms to roots, and also through lexical and semantic relations between words, so that the database functions as a thesaurus as well as a dictionary. The database is designed to be open-ended and self-defined. Every attribute of every table is defined in the database itself. The lexical database can easily be extended through an SQL forms interface that facilitates additions to the tables

Source

Information processing and management. 29(1993) no.5, S.415-431

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Abstract

This paper provides a review of the literature related to the application of domain-specific thesauri in the search and retrieval process. Focusing an studies that adopt a user-centred approach, the review presents a survey of the methodologies and results from empirical studies undertaken an the use of thesauri as sources of term selection for query formulation and expansion during the search process. It summarises the ways in which domain-specific thesauri from different disciplines have been used by various types of users and how these tools aid users in the selection of search terms. The review consists of two main sections: first, studies an thesaurus-aided search term selection; and second, studies dealing with query expansion using thesauri. Both sections are illustrated with case studies that have adopted a user-centred approach.

Source

Knowledge organization. 29(2002) no.1, S.1-19

Theme

Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval

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Abstract

Darstellung zur Entwicklung eines Thesaurus für die Bibliothek des Hauses der Geschichte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und seiner Anwendung auf die vorhandene Literatur (1300 Deskriptoren und 300 Modifikatoren)

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Abstract

A thesaurus in the controlled vocabulary environment is a tool designed to support effective infonnation retrieval (IR) by guiding indexers and searchers consistently to choose the same terms for expressing a given concept or combination of concepts. Terms in the thesaurus are linked by relationships of three well-known types: equivalence, hierarchical, and associative. The functions and properties of these three basic types and some subcategories are described, as well as some additional relationship types conunonly found in thesauri. Progressive automation of IR processes and the capability for simultaneous searching of vast networked resources are creating some pressures for change in the categorization and consistency of relationships.

Date

22. 9.2007 15:45:57