Search (14 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

The MPEG-7 standard supports the description of both the structure and the semantics of multimedia; however, the generation and consumption of MPEG-7 structural and semantic descriptions are outside the scope of the standard. This article presents two research prototype systems that demonstrate the generation and consumption of MPEG-7 structural and semantic descriptions in retrieval applications. The active system for MPEG-4 video object simulation (AMOS) is a video object segmentation and retrieval system that segments, tracks, and models objects in videos (e.g., person, car) as a set of regions with corresponding visual features and spatiotemporal relations. The region-based model provides an effective base for similarity retrieval of video objects. The second system, the Intelligent Multimedia Knowledge Application (IMKA), uses the novel MediaNet framework for representing semantic and perceptual information about the world using multimedia. MediaNet knowledge bases can be constructed automatically from annotated collections of multimedia data and used to enhance the retrieval of multimedia.

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Date

14. 2.2001 19:09:22

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Abstract

Die Menge an Daten im Internet steigt weiter rapide an. Damit wächst auch der Bedarf an qualitativ hochwertigen Information Retrieval Diensten zur Orientierung und problemorientierten Suche. Die Entscheidung für die Benutzung oder Beschaffung von Information Retrieval Software erfordert aussagekräftige Evaluierungsergebnisse. Dieser Beitrag stellt neuere Entwicklungen bei der Evaluierung von Information Retrieval Systemen vor und zeigt den Trend zu Spezialisierung und Diversifizierung von Evaluierungsstudien, die den Realitätsgrad derErgebnisse erhöhen. DerSchwerpunkt liegt auf dem Retrieval von Fachtexten, Internet-Seiten und Multimedia-Objekten.

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Abstract

This article provides an overview of our experiments in using MPEG-7 in a television news retrieval application. Our study is based on a survey of professional users in the Television Suisse Romande (TSR) television news production environment. We present here two main issues. First, we describe the way the generic and voluminous MPEG-7 Schema can be exploited in the context of a specific application domain. Second, we discuss the problem of how to search MPEG-7 descriptions, which are detailed and complex by nature, via a high-level user-oriented retrieval model.

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Abstract

Traditional query methods are good at retrieving items an the basis of a precise specification, but they are not useful when the user wants to explore an information base in order to find interesting items. Dynamic Taxonomies were recently proposed for guided browsing and retrieval from heterogeneous information bases. We discuss their application to multimedia information bases and provide an example of interaction.

Theme

Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval

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Abstract

This paper presents an overview of the nature and the characteristics of the numerous problems encountered when a user tries to access a collection of images in a multilingual environment. The authors identify major research questions to be investigated to improve image retrieval effectiveness in a multilingual environment.

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Abstract

A database management system is a general-purpose software system that facilitates the processes of defining, constructing, and manipulating databases for various applications. This article investigates the role of data management in multimedia digital libraries, and its implications for the design of database management systems. The notions of content abstraction and content independence are introduced, which clearly expose the unique challenges (for database architecture) of applications involving multimedia search. A blueprint of a new class of database technology is proposed, which supports the basic functionality for the management of both content and structure of multimedia objects

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Abstract

Multimedia retrieval is a complex and to some extent still unexplored area. Based on a full year of e-mail requests addressed to a large film archive this study analyses what types of information needs real users have and how these needs are expressed. The findings include that the requesters make use of a broad range of need attributes in specifying their information needs. These attributes relate to the production, content, subject, context and screening of films. However, a few attributes - especially title, production year and director - account for the majority of the attribute instances. Further, as much as 43 per cent of the requests contain no information about the context that gives rise to the request. The current indexing of the archived material is restricted to production-related attributes, and access to the material is, thus, frequently dependent on the archivists' extensive knowledge of the archived material and films in general.

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Abstract

In this article, we introduce a user preference model contained in the User Interaction Tools Clause of the MPEG-7 Multimedia Description Schemes, which is described by a UserPreferences description scheme (DS) and a UsageHistory description scheme (DS). Then we propose a user preference learning algorithm by using a Bayesian network to which weighted usage history data on multimedia consumption is taken as input. Our user preference learning algorithm adopts a dynamic learning method for learning real-time changes in a user's preferences from content consumption history data by weighting these choices in time. Finally, we address a user preference-based television program recommendation system on the basis of the user preference learning algorithm and show experimental results for a large set of realistic usage-history data of watched television programs. The experimental results suggest that our automatic user reference learning method is well suited for a personalized electronic program guide (EPG) application.

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Abstract

Web search engines are beginning to offer access to multimedia searching, including audio, video and image searching. In this paper we report findings from a study examining the state of multimedia search functionality on major general and specialized Web search engines. We investigated 102 Web search engines to examine: (1) how many Web search engines offer multimedia searching, (2) the type of multimedia search functionality and methods offered, such as "query by example", and (3) the supports for personalization or customization which are accessible as advanced search. Findings include: (1) few major Web search engines offer multimedia searching and (2) multimedia Web search functionality is generally limited. Our findings show that despite the increasing level of interest in multimedia Web search, those few Web search engines offering multimedia Web search, provide limited multimedia search functionality. Keywords are still the only means of multimedia retrieval, while other methods such as "query by example" are offered by less than 1% of Web search engines examined.

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Abstract

Allowing the description of the structure of documents has been one of the key factors for the success of the hypertext markup language (HTML) family of markup languages. This capability has motivated the phenomenon that has become known as the World Wide Web (the "Web"). The next generation of the Web, known as the Semantic Web (Berners-Lee, Hendler. & Lassila, 2001), aims at describing the meaning rather than the structure of data, adding more intelligent search, retrieval, and other agent functionalities to the Web, and tools that make the implementation of this Semantic Web possible are greatly needed. The increasing availability of multimedia on the World Wide Web makes metadata description efforts for multimedia a pressing need, yet with the volume of content being created, often only a rudimentary description of the multimedia content is available. In addition, the digital mode entails a host of other descriptive needs, such as the format, factors such as compression and transmission, and issues such as copyright restrictions and terns for usage. Thus, new and efficient ways of describing multimedia content and meaning are needed as well as a structure that is capable of carrying such descriptions. Several attempts have been made to grapple with this issue using descriptive metadata, one of the earliest of which was the revision of the Dublin Core to ascertain essential features necessary to resource discovery of visual items in a networked environment (Weibel & Miller, 1997). Other metadata schemes, such as the Visual Resources Association Core Categories (http://www.vraweb.org/vracore3.htm), also include format information necessary to the use and display of digital images.

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Content

Das leidige Problem: Die Programme von Premiere World sind über den iesy-Dekoder nicht zu empfangen. Umgekehrt können die hessischen Premiere-Abonnenten mit ihrer d-box die iesy-Angebote nicht sehen. Denn statt des umstrittenen Digitalkastens aus München hat sich eKabel für eine Settop-Box des US-Herstellers Motorola entschieden. Sie arbeitet mit einer Software des amerikanischen Unternehmens Liberate und entschlüsselt alle Digitaldienste mit dem Motorola-System MediaCipher. Wer iesy-TV und die Premiere Aboprogramme der Münchner Kirch-Gruppe empfangen will, müsste sich also zwei digitale Empfangsgeräte anschaffen - eine für den Zuschauer missliche Situation. "Mit der Einspeisung der Premiere-Programme in unsere Netze verdienen wir fast nichts. Gespräche mit Kirch über ein neues Geschäftsmodell waren aber bisher erfolglos. Außerdem holt die d-box das Internet nicht auf den Fernsehschirm", begründet Geschäftsführer Günter Maier das Vorgehen von eKabel. Kirch-Sprecher Hartmut Schultz erklärt zu dem Thema lapidar, es gebe zwar Kontakte zu allen Kabelgesellschaften, aber noch keine konkreten Geschäftsmodelle". Obwohl die Kirch-Gruppe kürzlich angedeutet hatte, ihre Pay-TV-Pakete demnächst auch über andere Digitaldekoder als die d-box zu vermarkten, scheint das zumindest in Hessen noch in weiter Ferne zu liegen. Doch was bietet eKabel seinen Kunden? Zunächst ein Basispaker mit 33 analogen Fernsehprogrammen und 40 Radiosendern Die dafür zu entrichtende Kabelgrundgebühr schwankt in Hessen zwischen 15,60 Mark und 26,90 Mark. Neu ist das digitale Paket Basis plus, das Kunden für 19,60 Mark im Monat extra abonnieren können. Für sein Geld erhält der Zuschauer eine Settop-Box ins Haus gestellt, die an den Fernseher angeschlossen wird und die technische Voraussetzung für den Empfang von Digitaldiensten schafft. Mit dem Dekoder können im Basis plusPaket zehn neue digitale Spartenkanäle empfangen werden. Dabei handelt es sich um Special-interest-Sender wie Eurosportnews (Sportnachrichten), Wine & Dine (Gastronomie), Leonardo (Wissen) oder Marco Polo (Reise). Eine elektronische Programmzeitschrift, im Branchenjargon EPG - Electronic Program Guide. genannt - liefert auf Knopfdruck eine Ubersicht der neuen Programminhalte am Bildschirm. Vor allem ermöglicht die digitale Box das Versenden von E-Mails und das Abrufen von ausgewählten Internetseiten auf dem Fernsehgerät. Hierfür stellt eKabel Nutzern ein drahtloses Keyboard zur Verfügung, mit dem Webadressen und Texte der elektronischen Post eingegeben werden können. Im Basis plus-Tarif istjeweils eine Mailadresse pro Familienmitglied enthalten. Demnächst soll auch der elektronische Einkauf ("Homeshopping") am Fernseher Realität werden; insgesamt fünf Shoppingkanäle werden Zuschauern dann ihre Produkte zur Direktbestellung anpreisen. Laut eKabel-Geschäftsführer Maier ist das nur der erste Schritt zum weiteren Ausbau der iesy-TV-Angebote. Zusätzliche Digitalsender - darunter auch Spezialbouquets für ausländische Zuschauer - werden die Basispakete ergänzen, in einigen Monate sollen das Abonnement einzelner Kanäle (Pay-per-channel) sowie das Bestellen einzelner Spielfilme (Video on Demand) möglich werden. Auch für einen Hochgeschwindigkeitszugang ins Internet für den PC via Modem (iesy Net) sowie die Möglichkeit, über das Kabelnetz preiswert zu telefonieren (iesy Phone), will das Untemehmen so rasch wie möglich eine große Zahl von Kunden begeistern. Allerdings wird es rund vier Jahre dauern, bis die neuen Multimediadienste im gesamten Netz verfügbar sein werden, an dem heute 1,3 Millionen der 2,7 Millionen hessischen Haushalte hängen. Um die Strippen technisch aufzurüsten, will eKabel, das von dem britischen Telekom-Untemehmen National Transcommunications Limited (NTL) kontrolliert wird, 1,8 Milliarden Mark investieren. Langfristig will das Unternehmen 40 Prozent des Umsatzes mit Fernsehangeboten, etwa 30 Prozent mit Kabeltelefonie und ebenso viel mit Intemetdiensten und Geschäftskunden erwirtschaften. eKabel hatte vor einem Jahr 65 Prozent der zuvor im Alleinbesitz der Deutschen Telekom befindlichen Kabelanlagen erworben und dafür nach Schätzungen zwischen zwei und drei Milliarden Mark bezahlt.