-
Peritz, B.C.: On the informativeness of titles (1984)
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- Abstract
- The frequency of non-informative titles of journal articles was assessed for two fields: library and information science and sociology. The percentage of non informative titles was 21% in the formaer and 15% in the latter. In both fields, the non-informative titles, were concentratein only a few journals. The non-informative titles in library science were derived mainly from non-research journals. IN sociology the reasons for non-informative titles may be more complex; some of these journals are highly cited. For the improvement of retrievaleffiency the adoption of a policy encouraging informative titles (as in journals of chemistry) is recommended.
- Field
- Informationswissenschaft
Bibliothekswesen
- Source
- International classification. 11(1984) no.2, S.87-89
-
Fuhr, N.; Niewelt, B.: ¬Ein Retrievaltest mit automatisch indexierten Dokumenten (1984)
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- Date
- 20.10.2000 12:22:23
- Pages
- S.319-339
- Source
- Deutscher Dokumentartag 1983, Göttingen, 3.-7.10.1983: Fachinformation und Bildschirmtext. Bearb.: H. Strohl-Goebel
-
Biebricher, P.; Fuhr, N.; Niewelt, B.: ¬Der AIR-Retrievaltest (1986)
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- Abstract
- Der Beitrag enthält eine Darstellung zur Durchführung und zu den Ergebnissen des Retrievaltests zum AIR/PHYS-Projekt. Er zählt mit seinen 309 Fragen und 15.000 Dokumenten zu den größten Retrievaltests, die bisher zur Evaluierung automatisierter Indexierungs- oder Retrievalverfahren vorgenommen wurden.
- Pages
- S.127-143
- Source
- Automatische Indexierung zwischen Forschung und Anwendung, Hrsg.: G. Lustig
-
Jochum, F.; Weissmann, V.: Struktur und Elemente des Information Retrieval Experiments (1985)
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- Abstract
- Eine fundierte Untersuchung der Anforderungen an Experimente im Information Retrieval bedarf einer geeigneten Sprache, die es erlaubt, alle relevanten Aspekte adäquat zu beschreiben. Der Beitrag versucht, ein solches Begriffsgerüst zu entwickeln. Als grundlegende Begriffe dienen die 4 Kategorien: experimentelle Faktoren, situative Faktoren; Experimentalobjekte und Beobachtungsvariablen. Das Begriffsgerüst wird anhand praktischer Beispiele illustriert
- Pages
- S.76-87
- Source
- Anwendungen in der Klassifikation. I. Proc. 8. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Klassifikation, Hofgeismar, 10.-13.4.1984. Hrsg.: R.G. Henzler
-
Evans, L.: ¬An experiment : search strategy variations in SDI (1981)
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- Pages
- S.285-315
-
Saracevic, T.: On a method for studying the structure and nature of requests in information retrieval (1983)
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- Pages
- S.22-25
- Source
- Productivity in the information age : proceedings of the 46th ASIS annual meeting, 1983. Ed.: Raymond F Vondra
-
Hodges, P.R.: Keyword in title indexes : effectiveness of retrieval in computer searches (1983)
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- Abstract
- A study was done to test the effectiveness of retrieval using title word searching. It was based on actual search profiles used in the Mechanized Information Center at Ohio State University, in order ro replicate as closely as possible actual searching conditions. Fewer than 50% of the relevant titles were retrieved by keywords in titles. The low rate of retrieval can be attributes to three sources: titles themselves, user and information specialist ignorance of the subject vocabulary in use, and to general language problems. Across fields it was found that the social sciences had the best retrieval rate, with science having the next best, and arts and humanities the lowest. Ways to enhance and supplement keyword in title searching on the computer and in printed indexes are discussed.
- Date
- 14. 3.1996 13:22:21
- Source
- Special libraries. 74(1983) no.1, S. 56-60
-
Belkin, N.J.: Ineffable concepts in information retrieval (1981)
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- Pages
- S.44-58
-
Ongering, H.; Riesthuis, G.J.A.: ¬De ontsluiting in het ADION-systeem : precision en recall (1989)
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- Source
- Open. 21(1989) nos.7/8, S.261-264
-
Croft, W.B.; Thompson, R.H.: Support for browsing in an intelligent text retrieval system (1989)
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- Source
- International journal of man-machine studies. 30(1989), S.639-668
-
Madelung, H.-O.: Subject searching in the social sciences : a comparison of PRECIS and KWIC indexes indexes to newspaper articles (1982)
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- Abstract
- 89 articles from a small, Danish left-wing newspaper were indexed by PRECIS and KWIC. The articles cover a wide range of social science subjects. Controlled test searches in both indexes were carried out by 20 students of library science. The results obtained from this small-scale retrieval test were evaluated by a chi-square test. The PRECIS index led to more correct answers and fewer wrong answers than the KWIC index, i.e. it had both better recall and greater precision. Furthermore, the students were more confident in their judgement of the relevance of retrieved articles in the PRECIS index than in the KWIC index; and they generally favoured the PRECIS index in the subjective judgement they were asked to make
- Source
- Journal of librarianship. 14(1982), S.45-58
-
MacCain, K.W.; White, H.D.; Griffith, B.C.: Comparing retrieval performance in online data bases (1987)
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- Abstract
- This study systematically compares retrievals on 11 topics across five well-known data bases, with MEDLINE's subject indexing as a focus. Each topic was posed by a researcher in the medical behavioral sciences. Each was searches in MEDLINE, EXCERPTA MEDICA, and PSYCHINFO, which permit descriptor searches, and in SCISEARCH and SOCIAL SCISEARCH, which express topics through cited references. Searches on each topic were made with (1) descriptors, (2) cited references, and (3) natural language (a capabiblity common to all five data bases). The researchers who posed the topics judged the results. In every case, the set of records judged relevant was used to to calculate recall, precision, and novelty ratios. Overall, MEDLINE had the highest recall percentage (37%), followed by SSCI (31%). All searches resulted in high precision ratios; novelty ratios of data bases and searches varied widely. Differences in record format among data bases affected the success of the natural language retrievals. Some 445 documents judged relevant were not retrieved from MEDLINE using its descriptors; they were found in MEDLINE through natural language or in an alternative data base. An analysis was performed to examine possible faults in MEDLINE subject indexing as the reason for their nonretrieval. However, no patterns of indexing failure could be seen in those documents subsequently found in MEDLINE through known-item searches. Documents not found in MEDLINE primarily represent failures of coverage - articles were from nonindexed or selectively indexed journals
- Source
- Information processing and management. 23(1987), S.539-553
-
Kilgour, F.G.: Retrieval on information from computerized book texts (1989)
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- Pages
- S.31-39
- Source
- Academic librarianship past, present, and future. A festschrift in honor of David Kaser: Ed. by J. Richardson u. J.Y. Davis
-
Lochbaum, K.E.; Streeter, A.R.: Comparing and combining the effectiveness of latent semantic indexing and the ordinary vector space model for information retrieval (1989)
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- Abstract
- A retrievalsystem was built to find individuals with appropriate expertise within a large research establishment on the basis of their authored documents. The expert-locating system uses a new method for automatic indexing and retrieval based on singular value decomposition, a matrix decomposition technique related to the factor analysis. Organizational groups, represented by the documents they write, and the terms contained in these documents, are fit simultaneously into a 100-dimensional "semantic" space. User queries are positioned in the semantic space, and the most similar groups are returned to the user. Here we compared the standard vector-space model with this new technique and found that combining the two methods improved performance over either alone. We also examined the effects of various experimental variables on the system`s retrieval accuracy. In particular, the effects of: term weighting functions in the semantic space construction and in query construction, suffix stripping, and using lexical units larger than a a single word were studied.
- Source
- Information processing and management. 25(1989) no.6, S. 665-676
-
Feng, S.: ¬A comparative study of indexing languages in single and multidatabase searching (1989)
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- Abstract
- An experiment was conducted using 3 data bases in library and information science - Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA), Information Science Abstracts and ERIC - to investigate some of the main factors affecting on-line searching: effectiveness of search vocabularies, combinations of fields searched, and overlaps among databases. Natural language, controlled vocabulary and a mixture of natural language and controlled terms were tested using different fields of bibliographic records. Also discusses a comparative evaluation of single and multi-data base searching, measuring the overlap among data bases and their influence upon on-line searching.
- Source
- Canadian Journal of Information Science. 14(1989) no.2, S.26-46
-
Cleverdon, C.W.; Mills, J.: ¬The testing of index language devices (1985)
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- Abstract
- A landmark event in the twentieth-century development of subject analysis theory was a retrieval experiment, begun in 1957, by Cyril Cleverdon, Librarian of the Cranfield Institute of Technology. For this work he received the Professional Award of the Special Libraries Association in 1962 and the Award of Merit of the American Society for Information Science in 1970. The objective of the experiment, called Cranfield I, was to test the ability of four indexing systems-UDC, Facet, Uniterm, and Alphabetic-Subject Headings-to retrieve material responsive to questions addressed to a collection of documents. The experiment was ambitious in scale, consisting of eighteen thousand documents and twelve hundred questions. Prior to Cranfield I, the question of what constitutes good indexing was approached subjectively and reference was made to assumptions in the form of principles that should be observed or user needs that should be met. Cranfield I was the first large-scale effort to use objective criteria for determining the parameters of good indexing. Its creative impetus was the definition of user satisfaction in terms of precision and recall. Out of the experiment emerged the definition of recall as the percentage of relevant documents retrieved and precision as the percentage of retrieved documents that were relevant. Operationalizing the concept of user satisfaction, that is, making it measurable, meant that it could be studied empirically and manipulated as a variable in mathematical equations. Much has been made of the fact that the experimental methodology of Cranfield I was seriously flawed. This is unfortunate as it tends to diminish Cleverdon's contribu tion, which was not methodological-such contributions can be left to benchmark researchers-but rather creative: the introduction of a new paradigm, one that proved to be eminently productive. The criticism leveled at the methodological shortcomings of Cranfield I underscored the need for more precise definitions of the variables involved in information retrieval. Particularly important was the need for a definition of the dependent variable index language. Like the definitions of precision and recall, that of index language provided a new way of looking at the indexing process. It was a re-visioning that stimulated research activity and led not only to a better understanding of indexing but also the design of better retrieval systems." Cranfield I was followed by Cranfield II. While Cranfield I was a wholesale comparison of four indexing "systems," Cranfield II aimed to single out various individual factors in index languages, called "indexing devices," and to measure how variations in these affected retrieval performance. The following selection represents the thinking at Cranfield midway between these two notable retrieval experiments.
- Footnote
- Original in: Aslib proceedings 15(1963) no.4, S.106-130.
- Pages
- S.221-246
-
MacCain, K.W.: Descriptor and citation retrieval in the medical behavioral sciences literature : retrieval overlaps and novelty distribution (1989)
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- Abstract
- Search results for nine topics in the medical behavioral sciences are reanalyzed to compare the overall perfor-mance of descriptor and citation search strategies in identifying relevant and novel documents. Overlap per- centages between an aggregate "descriptor-based" database (MEDLINE, EXERPTA MEDICA, PSYCINFO) and an aggregate "citation-based" database (SCISEARCH, SOCIAL SCISEARCH) ranged from 1% to 26%, with a median overlap of 8% relevant retrievals found using both search strategies. For seven topics in which both descriptor and citation strategies produced reasonably substantial retrievals, two patterns of search performance and novelty distribution were observed: (1) where descriptor and citation retrieval showed little overlap, novelty retrieval percentages differed by 17-23% between the two strategies; (2) topics with a relatively high percentage retrieval overlap shoed little difference (1-4%) in descriptor and citation novelty retrieval percentages. These results reflect the varying partial congruence of two literature networks and represent two different types of subject relevance
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 40(1989), S.110-114
-
Blair, D.C.: Full text retrieval : Evaluation and implications (1986)
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- Abstract
- Recently, a detailed evaluation of a large, operational full-text document retrieval system was reported in the literature. Values of precision and recall were estimated usind traditional statistical sampling methods and blind evaluation procedures. The results of this evaluation demonstrated that the system tested was retrieving less then 20% of the relevant documents when the searchers believed it was retrieving over 75% of the relevant documents. This evaluation is described including some data not reported in the original article. Also discussed are the implications which this study has for how the subjects of documents should be represented, as well as the importance of rigorous retrieval evaluations for the furtherhance of information retrieval research
- Footnote
- Vgl.: Blair, D.C., M.E. Maron: An evaluation ... Comm. ACM 28(1985) S.280-299; Salton, G.: Another look ... Comm. ACM 29(1986) S.648-656; Blair, D.C., M.E. Maron: Full-text information retrieval ... Inf. Proc. Man. 26(1990) S.437-447.
- Source
- International classification. 13(1986), S.18-23
-
Fidel, R.: Online searching styles : a case-study-based model of searching behavior (1984)
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- Abstract
- The model of operationalist and conceptualist searching styles describes searching behavior of experienced online searchers. It is based on the systematic observation of five experienced online searchers doing their regular, job-related searches, and on the analysis of 10 to 13 searches conducted by each of them. Operationalist searchers aim at optimal strategies to achieve precise retrieval; they use a large range of system capabilities in their interaction. They preserve the specific meaning of the request, and the aim of their interactions is an answer set representing the request precisely. Conceptualist searchers analyze a request by seeking to fit it into a faceted structure. They first enter the facet that represents the most important aspect of the request. Their search is then centered on retrieving subsets from this primary set by introducing additional facets. In contrast to the operationalists, they are primarily concerned with recall. During the interaction they preserve the faceted structure, but may change the specific meaning of the request. Although not comprehensive, the model aids in recognizing special and individual characteristics of searching behavior which provide explanations of previous research and guidelines for further investigations into the search process
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 35(1984), S.211-221
-
Gordon, M.; Kochen, M.: Recall-precision trade-off : a derivation (1989)
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- Abstract
- The inexact nature of documnet retrieval gives rise to a fundamental recall precision trade-off: generally, recall improves at the expense of precision, or precision improves at the expense of recall. This trade-off os borne out emipically and has qualitatively intuitive explanations. In this article, we explore this realtionship mathematically to explain it further. We see that the recall-precision trade-off hinges on a declaration in the proportion of relevant documents which are retrieved, successively, over time. Futher we examine several mathematical functions sharing this property and conclude that the equation that best modealls recall as a function of time is a logarhitm of a quadratic function. Our conclusion meets the following requirements: the function we derive predicts non-decreasing recall over time until the last relevant document is retrieved (regardless of the density of relevant documents in the collection) without imposing any artificial restrictions on either what percentage of the collection would need to be examined to achieve perfect recall or what the level of precision would be at that time. Other models examined fail to meet oner or more of these criteria.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 40(1989) no.3, S.145-151
