Search (35 results, page 1 of 2)

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Abstract

Beim Corporate Semantic Web betrachtet man Semantic Web-Anwendungen, die innerhalb eines Unternehmens oder einer Organisation - kommerziell und nicht kommerziell - eingesetzt werden, von Mitarbeitern, von Kunden oder Partnern. Die Autoren erläutern prägende Erfahrungen in der Entwicklung von Semantic Web-Anwendungen. Sie berichten über Software-Architektur, Methodik, Technologieauswahl, Linked Open Data Sets, Lizenzfragen etc. Anwendungen aus den Branchen Banken, Versicherungen, Telekommunikation, Medien, Energie, Maschinenbau, Logistik, Touristik, Spielwaren, Bibliothekswesen und Kultur werden vorgestellt. Der Leser erhält so einen umfassenden Überblick über die Semantic Web-Einsatzbereiche sowie konkrete Umsetzungshinweise für eigene Vorhaben.

Content

Kapitel 1; Corporate Semantic Web; 1.1 Das Semantic Web; 1.2 Semantische Anwendungen im Unternehmenseinsatz; 1.3 Bereitstellen von Linked Data reicht nicht; 1.4 Eine global vernetzte Wissensbasis -- Fiktion oder Realität?; 1.5 Semantik)=)RDF?; 1.6 Richtig vorgehen; 1.7 Modellieren ist einfach (?!); 1.8 Juristische Fragen; 1.9 Semantische Anwendungen stiften Nutzen in Unternehmen -- nachweislich!; 1.10 Fazit; Literatur; Kapitel 2; Einordnung und Abgrenzung des Corporate Semantic Webs; 2.1 Grundlegende Begriffe; 2.2 Corporate Semantic Web 2.3 Public Semantic Web2.4 Social Semantic Web 3.0; 2.5 Pragmatic Web; 2.6 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick "Ubiquitous Pragmatic Web 4.0"; Literatur; Kapitel 3; Marktstudie: Welche Standards und Tools werden in Unternehmen eingesetzt?; 3.1 Einleitung; 3.2 Semantische Suche in Webarchiven (Quantinum AG); 3.2.1 Kundenanforderungen; 3.2.2 Technische Umsetzung; 3.2.3 Erfahrungswerte; 3.3 Semantische Analyse und Suche in Kundenspezifikationen (Ontos AG); 3.3.1 Kundenanforderungen; 3.3.2 Technische Umsetzung; 3.3.3 Erfahrungswerte 3.4 Sicherheit für Banken im Risikomanagement (VICO Research & Consulting GmbH)3.4.1 Kundenanforderungen; 3.4.2 Technische Umsetzung; 3.4.3 Erfahrungswerte; 3.5 Interaktive Fahrzeugdiagnose (semafora GmbH); 3.5.1 Kundenanforderungen; 3.5.2 Technische Umsetzung; 3.5.3 Erfahrungswerte; 3.6 Quo Vadis?; 3.7 Umfrage-Ergebnisse; 3.8 Semantic Web Standards & Tools; 3.9 Ausblick; Literatur; Kapitel 4; Modellierung des Sprachraums von Unternehmen; 4.1 Hintergrund; 4.2 Eine Frage der Bedeutung; 4.3 Bedeutung von Begriffen im Unternehmenskontext; 4.3.1 Website-Suche bei einem Industrieunternehmen 4.3.2 Extranet-Suche bei einem Marktforschungsunternehmen4.3.3 Intranet-Suche bei einem Fernsehsender; 4.4 Variabilität unserer Sprache und unseres Sprachgebrauchs; 4.4.1 Konsequenzen des Sprachgebrauchs; 4.5 Terminologiemanagement und Unternehmensthesaurus; 4.5.1 Unternehmensthesaurus; 4.5.2 Mut zur Lücke: Arbeiten mit unvollständigen Terminologien; 4.6 Pragmatischer Aufbau von Unternehmensthesauri; 4.6.1 Begriffsanalyse des Anwendungsbereichs; 4.6.2 Informationsquellen; 4.6.3 Häufigkeitsverteilung; 4.6.4 Aufwand und Nutzen; Literatur; Kapitel 5 Schlendern durch digitale Museen und Bibliotheken5.1 Einleitung; 5.2 Anwendungsfall 1: Schlendern durch das Digitale Museum; 5.3 Anwendungsfall 2: Literatur in Bibliotheken finden; 5.4 Herausforderungen; 5.5 Die Anforderungen treiben die Architektur; 5.5.1 Semantic ETL; 5.5.2 Semantic Logic; 5.5.3 Client; 5.6 Diskussion; 5.7 Empfehlungen und Fazit; Literatur; Kapitel 6; Semantische Suche im Bereich der Energieforschungsförderung; 6.1 Das Projekt EnArgus®; 6.2 Die Fachontologie; 6.2.1 Semantische Suche; 6.2.2 Repräsentation der semantischen Relationen in der Fachontologie

LCSH

Information systems
Information storage and retrieval system
Information System

Subject

Information systems
Information storage and retrieval system
Information System

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Abstract

Informationswissenschaft und Informatik nähern sich auf vielen Gebieten bei ihren Projekten und in ihren Zielsetzungen immer stärker an. Ganz besonders deutlich wird dies vor dem Hintergrund von Semantic Web und Linked Data. Die Textanalyse und Fixierung der Essenz einer Publikation in Form ihrer belastbaren Aussagen und zugrunde liegender Daten sowie deren Speicherung und Aufbereitung für die Nutzung gehören zu den professionellen Aktivitäten der in der DGI organisierten Informationsfachleute. Das Semantic Web versprocht, bei entsprechender intellektueller Vorarbeit, diese Tätigkeiten künftig zu erleichtern. Der Tgaungsband macht an vielen Beispielen anschaulich klar, wie die in Informationswissenschaft und -praxis über Jahrzehnte erarbeiteten Grundlagen und Werkzeuge jetzt für den Aufbau der zukünftigen Informationsinfrastrukturen eingesetzt werden können. Er vereint die Textfassungen der Beiträge, die durch das Programmkomitee für die 1. DGI-Konferenz angenommen worden sind, dazu gehören u.a. wissensbasierte Anwendungen in der Wirtschaft, Aufbau von Ontologien mittels Thesauri, Mehrsprachigkeit und Open Data.

Content

Enthält die Beiträge: ONTOLOGIEN UND WISSENSREPRÄSENTATIONEN: DIE VERLINKUNG ZWISCHEN INFORMATIONSSUCHENDEN UND INFORMATIONSRESSOURCEN Die Verwendung von SKOS-Daten zur semantischen Suchfragenerweiterung im Kontext des individualisierbaren Informationsportals RODIN / Fabio Ricci und Rene Schneider - Aufbau einer Testumgebung zur Ermittlung signifikanter Parameter bei der Ontologieabfrage / Sonja Öttl, Daniel Streiff, Niklaus Stettler und Martin Studer - Anforderungen an die Wissensrepräsentation im Social Semantic Web / Katrin Weller SEMANTIC WEB & LINKED DATA: WISSENSBASIERTE ANWENDUNGEN IN DER WIRTSCHAFT Semantic Web & Linked Data für professionelle Informationsangebote. Hoffnungsträger oder "alter Hut" - Eine Praxisbetrachtung für die Wirtschaftsinformationen / Ruth Göbel - Semantische wissensbasierte Suche in den Life Sciences am Beispiel von GoPubMed / Michael R. Alvers Produktion und Distribution für multimedialen Content in Form von Linked Data am Beispiel von PAUX / Michael Dreusicke DAS RÜCKRAT DES WEB DER DATEN: ONTOLOGIEN IN BIBLIOTHEKEN Linked Data aus und für Bibliotheken: Rückgratstärkung im Semantic Web / Reinhard Altenhöner, Jan Hannemann und Jürgen Kett - MODS2FRBRoo: Ein Tool zur Anbindung von bibliografischen Daten an eine Ontologie für Begriffe und Informationen im Bereich des kulturellen Erbes / Hans-Georg Becker - Suchmöglichkeiten für Vokabulare im Semantic Web / Friederike Borchert
LINKED DATA IM GEOINFORMATIONSBEREICH - CHANCEN ODER GEFAHR? Geodaten - von der Verantwortung des Dealers / Karsten Neumann - Computergestützte Freizeitplanung basierend auf Points Of Interest / Peter Bäcker und Ugur Macit VON LINKED DATA ZU VERLINKTEN DIALOGEN Die globalisierte Semantic Web Informationswissenschaftlerin / Dierk Eichel - Kommunikation und Kontext. Überlegungen zur Entwicklung virtueller Diskursräume für die Wissenschaft / Ben Kaden und Maxi Kindling - Konzeptstudie: Die informationswissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Zukunft / Lambert Heller und Heinz Pampel SEMANTIC WEB & LINKED DATA IM BILDUNGSWESEN Einsatz von Semantic Web-Technologien am Informationszentrum Bildung / Carola Carstens und Marc Rittberger - Bedarfsgerecht, kontextbezogen, qualitätsgesichert: Von der Information zum Wertschöpfungsfaktor Wissen am Beispiel einer Wissenslandkarte als dynamisches System zur Repräsentation des Wissens in der Berufsbildungsforschung / Sandra Dücker und Markus Linten - Virtuelle Forschungsumgebungen und Forschungsdaten für Lehre und Forschung: Informationsinfrastrukturen für die (Natur-)Wissenschaften / Matthias Schulze
OPEN DATA - OPENS PROBLEMS? Challenges and Opportunities in Social Science Research Data Management / Stefan Kramer - Aktivitäten von GESIS im Kontext von Open Data und Zugang zu sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschungsergebnissen / Anja Wilde, Agnieszka Wenninger, Oliver Hopt, Philipp Schaer und Benjamin Zapilko NUTZER UND NUTZUNG IM ZEITALTER VON SEMANTIC WEB & LINKED DATA Die Erfassung, Nutzung und Weiterverwendung von statistischen Informationen - Erfahrungsbericht / Doris Stärk - Einsatz semantischer Technologien zur Entwicklung eines Lerntrajektoriengenerators in frei zugänglichen, nicht personalisierenden Lernplattformen / Richard Huber, Adrian Paschke, Georges Awad und Kirsten Hantelmann OPEN DATA: KONZEPTE - NUTZUNG - ZUKUNFT Zur Konzeption und Implementierung einer Infrastruktur für freie bibliographische Daten / Adrian Pohl und Felix Ostrowski - Lösung zum multilingualen Wissensmanagement semantischer Informationen / Lars Ludwig - Linked Open Projects: Nachnutzung von Projektergebnissen als Linked Data / Kai Eckert AUSBLICK INFORMATIONSKOMPETENZ GMMIK ['gi-mik] - Ein Modell der Informationskompetenz / Aleksander Knauerhase WORKSHOP Wissensdiagnostik als Instrument für Lernempfehlungen am Beispiel der Facharztprüfung / Werner Povoden, Sabine Povoden und Roland Streule

RSWK

Semantic Web / Indexierung <Inhaltserschließung> / Information Retrieval / Kongress / Frankfurt <Main, 2010>

Series

Tagungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Informationswissenschaft und Informationspraxis ; Bd. 14) (DGI-Konferenz ; 1

Subject

Semantic Web / Indexierung <Inhaltserschließung> / Information Retrieval / Kongress / Frankfurt <Main, 2010>

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Footnote

Rez. in: iwp 62(2011) H.4, S.205-206 (C. Carstens): "Welche Arten der Wissensrepräsentation existieren im Web, wie ausgeprägt sind semantische Strukturen in diesem Kontext, und wie können soziale Aktivitäten im Sinne des Web 2.0 zur Strukturierung von Wissen im Web beitragen? Diesen Fragen widmet sich Wellers Buch mit dem Titel Knowledge Representation in the Social Semantic Web. Der Begriff Social Semantic Web spielt einerseits auf die semantische Strukturierung von Daten im Sinne des Semantic Web an und deutet andererseits auf die zunehmend kollaborative Inhaltserstellung im Social Web hin. Weller greift die Entwicklungen in diesen beiden Bereichen auf und beleuchtet die Möglichkeiten und Herausforderungen, die aus der Kombination der Aktivitäten im Semantic Web und im Social Web entstehen. Der Fokus des Buches liegt dabei primär auf den konzeptuellen Herausforderungen, die sich in diesem Kontext ergeben. So strebt die originäre Vision des Semantic Web die Annotation aller Webinhalte mit ausdrucksstarken, hochformalisierten Ontologien an. Im Social Web hingegen werden große Mengen an Daten von Nutzern erstellt, die häufig mithilfe von unkontrollierten Tags in Folksonomies annotiert werden. Weller sieht in derartigen kollaborativ erstellten Inhalten und Annotationen großes Potenzial für die semantische Indexierung, eine wichtige Voraussetzung für das Retrieval im Web. Das Hauptinteresse des Buches besteht daher darin, eine Brücke zwischen den Wissensrepräsentations-Methoden im Social Web und im Semantic Web zu schlagen. Um dieser Fragestellung nachzugehen, gliedert sich das Buch in drei Teile. . . .
Insgesamt besticht das Buch insbesondere durch seine breite Sichtweise, die Aktualität und die Fülle an Referenzen. Es ist somit sowohl als Überblickswerk geeignet, das umfassend über aktuelle Entwicklungen und Trends der Wissensrepräsentation im Semantic und Social Web informiert, als auch als Lektüre für Experten, für die es vor allem als kontextualisierte und sehr aktuelle Sammlung von Referenzen eine wertvolle Ressource darstellt." Weitere Rez. in: Journal of Documentation. 67(2011), no.5, S.896-899 (P. Rafferty)

LCSH

Knowledge representation (Information theory)

Series

Knowledge and information; vol.3

Subject

Knowledge representation (Information theory)

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Abstract

Dieses Lehrbuch bietet eine umfassende Einführung in Grundlagen, Potentiale und Anwendungen Semantischer Technologien. Es richtet sich an Studierende der Informatik und angrenzender Fächer sowie an Entwickler, die Semantische Technologien am Arbeitsplatz oder in verteilten Applikationen nutzen möchten. Mit seiner an praktischen Beispielen orientierten Darstellung gibt es aber auch Anwendern und Entscheidern in Unternehmen einen breiten Überblick über Nutzen und Möglichkeiten dieser Technologie. Semantische Technologien versetzen Computer in die Lage, Informationen nicht nur zu speichern und wieder zu finden, sondern sie ihrer Bedeutung entsprechend auszuwerten, zu verbinden, zu Neuem zu verknüpfen, und so flexibel und zielgerichtet nützliche Leistungen zu erbringen. Das vorliegende Buch stellt im ersten Teil die als Semantische Technologien bezeichneten Techniken, Sprachen und Repräsentationsformalismen vor. Diese Elemente erlauben es, das in Informationen enthaltene Wissen formal und damit für den Computer verarbeitbar zu beschreiben, Konzepte und Beziehungen darzustellen und schließlich Inhalte zu erfragen, zu erschließen und in Netzen zugänglich zu machen. Der zweite Teil beschreibt, wie mit Semantischen Technologien elementare Funktionen und umfassende Dienste der Informations- und Wissensverarbeitung realisiert werden können. Hierzu gehören etwa die Annotation und das Erschließen von Information, die Suche in den resultierenden Strukturen, das Erklären von Bedeutungszusammenhängen sowie die Integration einzelner Komponenten in komplexe Ablaufprozesse und Anwendungslösungen. Der dritte Teil beschreibt schließlich vielfältige Anwendungsbeispiele in unterschiedlichen Bereichen und illustriert so Mehrwert, Potenzial und Grenzen von Semantischen Technologien. Die dargestellten Systeme reichen von Werkzeugen für persönliches, individuelles Informationsmanagement über Unterstützungsfunktionen für Gruppen bis hin zu neuen Ansätzen im Internet der Dinge und Dienste, einschließlich der Integration verschiedener Medien und Anwendungen von Medizin bis Musik.

Content

Inhalt: 1. Einleitung (A. Dengel, A. Bernardi) 2. Wissensrepräsentation (A. Dengel, A. Bernardi, L. van Elst) 3. Semantische Netze, Thesauri und Topic Maps (O. Rostanin, G. Weber) 4. Das Ressource Description Framework (T. Roth-Berghofer) 5. Ontologien und Ontologie-Abgleich in verteilten Informationssystemen (L. van Elst) 6. Anfragesprachen und Reasoning (M. Sintek) 7. Linked Open Data, Semantic Web Datensätze (G.A. Grimnes, O. Hartig, M. Kiesel, M. Liwicki) 8. Semantik in der Informationsextraktion (B. Adrian, B. Endres-Niggemeyer) 9. Semantische Suche (K. Schumacher, B. Forcher, T. Tran) 10. Erklärungsfähigkeit semantischer Systeme (B. Forcher, T. Roth-Berghofer, S. Agne) 11. Semantische Webservices zur Steuerung von Prooduktionsprozessen (M. Loskyll, J. Schlick, S. Hodeck, L. Ollinger, C. Maxeiner) 12. Wissensarbeit am Desktop (S. Schwarz, H. Maus, M. Kiesel, L. Sauermann) 13. Semantische Suche für medizinische Bilder (MEDICO) (M. Möller, M. Sintek) 14. Semantische Musikempfehlungen (S. Baumann, A. Passant) 15. Optimierung von Instandhaltungsprozessen durch Semantische Technologien (P. Stephan, M. Loskyll, C. Stahl, J. Schlick)

Footnote

Auch als digitale Ausgabe verfügbar. Auf S. 5 befindet sich der Satz: "Wissen ist Information, die in Aktion umgesetzt wird".

RSWK

Semantic Web / Information Extraction / Suche / Wissensbasiertes System / Aufsatzsammlung

Subject

Semantic Web / Information Extraction / Suche / Wissensbasiertes System / Aufsatzsammlung

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Abstract

Was wir online lesen und sehen, auf Webseiten, in Blogs und sozialen Netzwerken, das ist immer öfter verfremdet und manipuliert. Gefälschte Inhalte werden genutzt, um versteckte Werbung zu platzieren und Einnahmen zu generieren, aber auch um die öffentliche Meinung zu Gunsten von Interessensverbänden und der Politik zu steuern. Neue Technologien der digitalen Welt befeuern den Trend zu rein künstlich generiertem Content. Wir sind an einem Punkt angelangt, an dem wir uns entscheiden müssen: Zwischen einem "freien" oder einem von kommerziellen Interessen beherrschten World Wide Web. Das Buch deckt auf verständliche Weise die unterschiedlichen Methoden der Manipulation auf. Es zeigt, wie fremdgesteuerte Inhalte alle Internetnutzer betreffen, geht aber gleichzeitig auf mögliche Auswege und Lösungsmöglichkeiten ein. Als Plädoyer für ein nachhaltig unabhängiges Internet.

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Abstract

Indexing consists of both novel and more traditional techniques. Cutting-edge indexing techniques, such as automatic indexing, ontologies, and topic maps, were developed independently of older techniques such as thesauri, but it is now recognized that these older methods also hold expertise. Indexing describes various traditional and novel indexing techniques, giving information professionals and students of library and information sciences a broad and comprehensible introduction to indexing. This title consists of twelve chapters: an Introduction to subject readings and theasauri; Automatic indexing versus manual indexing; Techniques applied in automatic indexing of text material; Automatic indexing of images; The black art of indexing moving images; Automatic indexing of music; Taxonomies and ontologies; Metadata formats and indexing; Tagging; Topic maps; Indexing the web; and The Semantic Web.

Date

24. 8.2016 14:03:22

Series

Chandos information professional series

Theme

Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus

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Abstract

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th Metadata and Semantics Research Conference, MTSR 2016, held in Göttingen, Germany, in November 2016. The 26 full papers and 6 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 67 submissions. The papers are organized in several sessions and tracks: Digital Libraries, Information Retrieval, Linked and Social Data, Metadata and Semantics for Open Repositories, Research Information Systems and Data Infrastructures, Metadata and Semantics for Agriculture, Food and Environment, Metadata and Semantics for Cultural Collections and Applications, European and National Projects.

Series

Communications in computer and information science; 672

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Abstract

Metadata and semantics are integral to any information system and significant to the sphere of Web data. Research focusing on metadata and semantics is crucial for advancing our understanding and knowledge of metadata; and, more profoundly for being able to effectively discover, use, archive, and repurpose information. In response to this need, researchers are actively examining methods for generating, reusing, and interchanging metadata. Integrated with these developments is research on the application of computational methods, linked data, and data analytics. A growing body of work also targets conceptual and theoretical designs providing foundational frameworks for metadata and semantic applications. There is no doubt that metadata weaves its way into nearly every aspect of our information ecosystem, and there is great motivation for advancing the current state of metadata and semantics. To this end, it is vital that scholars and practitioners convene and share their work.
The MTSR 2013 program and the contents of these proceedings show a rich diversity of research and practices, drawing on problems from metadata and semantically focused tools and technologies, linked data, cross-language semantics, ontologies, metadata models, and semantic system and metadata standards. The general session of the conference included 18 papers covering a broad spectrum of topics, proving the interdisciplinary field of metadata, and was divided into three main themes: platforms for research data sets, system architecture and data management; metadata and ontology validation, evaluation, mapping and interoperability; and content management. Metadata as a research topic is maturing, and the conference also supported the following five tracks: Metadata and Semantics for Open Repositories, Research Information Systems and Data Infrastructures; Metadata and Semantics for Cultural Collections and Applications; Metadata and Semantics for Agriculture, Food and Environment; Big Data and Digital Libraries in Health, Science and Technology; and European and National Projects, and Project Networking. Each track had a rich selection of papers, giving broader diversity to MTSR, and enabling deeper exploration of significant topics.

Date

17.12.2013 12:51:22

Series

Communications in computer and information science; vol.390

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Content

Introduction.- Ontology Development.- Compliance using Metadata.- Variety Management for Big Data.- Text Mining in Economics.- Generation of Natural Language Texts.- Sentiment Analysis.- Building Concise Text Corpora from Web Contents.- Ontology-Based Modelling of Web Content.- Personalized Clinical Decision Support for Cancer Care.- Applications of Temporal Conceptual Semantic Systems.- Context-Aware Documentation in the Smart Factory.- Knowledge-Based Production Planning for Industry 4.0.- Information Exchange in Jurisdiction.- Supporting Automated License Clearing.- Managing cultural assets: Implementing typical cultural heritage archive's usage scenarios via Semantic Web technologies.- Semantic Applications for Process Management.- Domain-Specific Semantic Search Applications.

LCSH

Information storage and retrieval
Management information systems
Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet)
Management of Computing and Information Systems
Information Storage and Retrieval

RSWK

Information Retrieval

Subject

Information Retrieval
Information storage and retrieval
Management information systems
Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet)
Management of Computing and Information Systems
Information Storage and Retrieval

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Content

The papers are organized in several sessions and tracks: general track on ontology evolution, engineering, and frameworks, semantic Web and metadata extraction, modelling, interoperability and exploratory search, data analysis, reuse and visualization; track on digital libraries, information retrieval, linked and social data; track on metadata and semantics for open repositories, research information systems and data infrastructure; track on metadata and semantics for agriculture, food and environment; track on metadata and semantics for cultural collections and applications; track on European and national projects.

LCSH

Information storage and retrieval systems

Series

Communications in computer and information science; 544

Subject

Information storage and retrieval systems

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Abstract

New technologies will underpin the future generation of library catalogues. To facilitate their role providing information, serving users, and fulfilling their mission as cultural heritage and memory institutions, libraries must take a technological leap; their standards and services must be transformed to those of the Semantic Web. Bibliographic Information Organization in the Semantic Web explores the technologies that may power future library catalogues, and argues the necessity of such a leap. The text introduces international bibliographic standards and models, and fundamental concepts in their representation in the context of the Semantic Web. Subsequent chapters cover bibliographic information organization, linked open data, methodologies for publishing library metadata, discussion of the wider environment (museum, archival and publishing communities) and users, followed by a conclusion.

Series

Chandos information professional series

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Abstract

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th Metadata and Semantics Research Conference, MTSR 2014, held in Karlsruhe, Germany, in November 2014. The 23 full papers and 9 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 57 submissions. The papers are organized in several sessions and tracks. They cover the following topics: metadata and linked data: tools and models; (meta) data quality assessment and curation; semantic interoperability, ontology-based data access and representation; big data and digital libraries in health, science and technology; metadata and semantics for open repositories, research information systems and data infrastructure; metadata and semantics for cultural collections and applications; semantics for agriculture, food and environment.

Content

Metadata and linked data.- Tools and models.- (Meta)data quality assessment and curation.- Semantic interoperability, ontology-based data access and representation.- Big data and digital libraries in health, science and technology.- Metadata and semantics for open repositories, research information systems and data infrastructure.- Metadata and semantics for cultural collections and applications.- Semantics for agriculture, food and environment.

LCSH

Information storage and retrieval systems

Series

Communications in computer and information science; 478

Subject

Information storage and retrieval systems

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LCSH

Information storage and retrieval systems

Series

Communications in computer and information science; vol.240

Subject

Information storage and retrieval systems

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Abstract

The birth of the Web has brought an exponential growth to the amount of the information that is freely available to the Internet population, overloading users and entangling their efforts to satisfy their information needs. Web search engines such Google, Yahoo, or Bing have become popular mainly due to the fact that they offer an easy-to-use query interface (i.e., based on keywords) and an effective and efficient query execution mechanism. The majority of these search engines do not consider information stored on the deep or hidden Web [9,28], despite the fact that the size of the deep Web is estimated to be much bigger than the surface Web [9,47]. There have been a number of systems that record interactions with the deep Web sources or automatically submit queries them (mainly through their Web form interfaces) in order to index their context. Unfortunately, this technique is only partially indexing the data instance. Moreover, it is not possible to take advantage of the query capabilities of data sources, for example, of the relational query features, because their interface is often restricted from the Web form. Besides, Web search engines focus on retrieving documents and not on querying structured sources, so they are unable to access information based on concepts.

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Abstract

The Web is a surprisingly extensive source of information: it offers a huge number of sites containing data about a disparate range of topics. Although Web pages are built for human fruition, not for automatic processing of the data, we observe that an increasing number of Web sites deliver pages containing structured information about recognizable concepts, relevant to specific application domains, such as movies, finance, sport, products, etc. The development of scalable techniques to discover, extract, and integrate data from fairly structured large corpora available on the Web is a challenging issue, because to face the Web scale, these activities should be accomplished automatically by domain-independent techniques. To cope with the complexity and the heterogeneity of Web data, state-of-the-art approaches focus on information organized according to specific patterns that frequently occur on the Web. Meaningful examples are WebTables, which focuses on data published in HTML tables, and information extraction systems, such as TextRunner, which exploits lexical-syntactic patterns. As noticed by Cafarella et al., even if a small fraction of the Web is organized according to these patterns, due to the Web scale, the amount of data involved is impressive. In this chapter, we focus on methods and techniques to wring out value from the data delivered by large data-intensive Web sites.

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Abstract

The book covers multimedia ontology in heritage preservation with intellectual explorations of various themes of Indian cultural heritage. The result of more than 15 years of collective research, Multimedia Ontology: Representation and Applications provides a theoretical foundation for understanding the nature of media data and the principles involved in its interpretation. The book presents a unified approach to recent advances in multimedia and explains how a multimedia ontology can fill the semantic gap between concepts and the media world. It relays real-life examples of implementations in different domains to illustrate how this gap can be filled. The book contains information that helps with building semantic, content-based search and retrieval engines and also with developing vertical application-specific search applications. It guides you in designing multimedia tools that aid in logical and conceptual organization of large amounts of multimedia data. As a practical demonstration, it showcases multimedia applications in cultural heritage preservation efforts and the creation of virtual museums. The book describes the limitations of existing ontology techniques in semantic multimedia data processing, as well as some open problems in the representations and applications of multimedia ontology. As an antidote, it introduces new ontology representation and reasoning schemes that overcome these limitations. The long, compiled efforts reflected in Multimedia Ontology: Representation and Applications are a signpost for new achievements and developments in efficiency and accessibility in the field.

Footnote

Rez. in: Annals of Library and Information Studies 62(2015) no.4, S.299-300 (A.K. Das)

LCSH

Information storage and retrieval systems

Subject

Information storage and retrieval systems

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Abstract

Search is the preferred method to access information in today's computing systems. The Web, accessed through search engines, is universally recognized as the source for answering users' information needs. However, offering a link to a Web page does not cover all information needs. Even simple problems, such as "Which theater offers an at least three-stars action movie in London close to a good Italian restaurant," can only be solved by searching the Web multiple times, e.g., by extracting a list of the recent action movies filtered by ranking, then looking for movie theaters, then looking for Italian restaurants close to them. While search engines hint to useful information, the user's brain is the fundamental platform for information integration. An important trend is the availability of new, specialized data sources-the so-called "long tail" of the Web of data. Such carefully collected and curated data sources can be much more valuable than information currently available in Web pages; however, many sources remain hidden or insulated, in the lack of software solutions for bringing them to surface and making them usable in the search context. A new class of tailor-made systems, designed to satisfy the needs of users with specific aims, will support the publishing and integration of data sources for vertical domains; the user will be able to select sources based on individual or collective trust, and systems will be able to route queries to such sources and to provide easyto-use interfaces for combining them within search strategies, at the same time, rewarding the data source owners for each contribution to effective search. Efforts such as Google's Fusion Tables show that the technology for bringing hidden data sources to surface is feasible.

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Abstract

We are witnessing a smooth evolution of the Web from a worldwide information space of linked documents to a global knowledge base, where resources are identified by means of uniform resource identifiers (URIs, essentially string identifiers) and are semantically described and correlated through resource description framework (RDF, a metadata data model) statements. With the size and availability of data constantly increasing (currently around 7 billion RDF triples and 150 million RDF links), a fundamental problem lies in the difficulty users face to find and retrieve the information they are interested in. In general, to access semantic data, users need to know the organization of data and the syntax of a specific query language (e.g., SPARQL or variants thereof). Clearly, this represents an obstacle to information access for nonexpert users. For this reason, keyword search-based systems are increasingly capturing the attention of researchers. Recently, many approaches to keyword-based search over structured and semistructured data have been proposed]. These approaches usually implement IR strategies on top of traditional database management systems with the goal of freeing the users from having to know data organization and query languages.

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Abstract

The modern Web has grown from a publishing place of well-structured data and HTML pages for companies and experienced users into a vivid publishing and data exchange community in which everyone can participate, both as a data consumer and as a data producer. Unavoidably, the data available on the Web became highly heterogeneous, ranging from highly structured and semistructured to highly unstructured user-generated content, reflecting different perspectives and structuring principles. The full potential of such data can only be realized by combining information from multiple sources. For instance, the knowledge that is typically embedded in monolithic applications can be outsourced and, thus, used also in other applications. Numerous systems nowadays are already actively utilizing existing content from various sources such as WordNet or Wikipedia. Some well-known examples of such systems include DBpedia, Freebase, Spock, and DBLife. A major challenge during combining and querying information from multiple heterogeneous sources is entity linkage, i.e., the ability to detect whether two pieces of information correspond to the same real-world object. This chapter introduces a novel approach for addressing the entity linkage problem for heterogeneous, uncertain, and volatile data.

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LCSH

Information storage and retrieval

Series

Lecture Notes in Computer Scienc;10370 )(Information Systems and Applications, incl. Internet/Web, and HCI

Subject

Information storage and retrieval