Search (7 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

The current web consists of documents that are highly heterogeneous and hard for machines to understand. The Semantic Web is a progressive movement of the Word Wide Web, aiming at converting the current web of unstructured documents to the web of data. In the Semantic Web, web documents are annotated with metadata using standardized ontology language. These annotated documents are directly processable by machines and it highly improves their usability and usefulness. In Ericsson, similar problems occur. There are massive documents being created with well-defined structures. Though these documents are about domain specific knowledge and can have rich relations, they are currently managed by a traditional search engine, which ignores the rich domain specific information and presents few data to users. Motivated by the Semantic Web, we aim to find standard ways to process these documents, extract rich domain specific information and annotate these data to documents with formal markup languages. We propose this project to develop a domain specific search engine for processing different documents and building explicit relations for them. This research project consists of the three main focuses: examining different domain specific documents and finding ways to extract their metadata; integrating a text search engine with an ontology server; exploring novel ways to build relations for documents. We implement this system and demonstrate its functions. As a prototype, the system provides required features and will be extended in the future.

Theme

Semantic Web

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Abstract

Bibliografische Daten, Normdaten und Metadaten im Semantic Web - Konzepte der Bibliografischen Kontrolle im Wandel. Der Titel dieser Arbeit zielt in ein essentielles Feld der Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft, die Bibliografische Kontrolle. Als zweites zentrales Konzept wird der in der Weiterentwicklung des World Wide Webs (WWW) bedeutsame Begriff des Semantic Webs genannt. Auf den ersten Blick handelt es sich hier um einen ungleichen Wettstreit. Auf der einen Seite die Bibliografische Kontrolle, welche die Methoden und Mittel zur Erschließung von bibliothekarischen Objekten umfasst und traditionell in Form von formal-inhaltlichen Surrogaten in Katalogen daherkommt. Auf der anderen Seite das Buzzword Semantic Web mit seinen hochtrabenden Konnotationen eines durch Selbstreferenzialität "bedeutungstragenden", wenn nicht sogar "intelligenten" Webs. Wie kamen also eine wissenschaftliche Bibliothekarin und ein Mitglied des World Wide Web Consortiums 2007 dazu, gemeinsam einen Aufsatz zu publizieren und darin zu behaupten, das semantische Netz würde ein "bibliothekarischeres" Netz sein? Um sich dieser Frage zu nähern, soll zunächst kurz die historische Entwicklung der beiden Informationssphären Bibliothek und WWW gemeinsam betrachtet werden. Denn so oft - und völlig zurecht - die informationelle Revolution durch das Internet beschworen wird, so taucht auch immer wieder das Analogon einer weltweiten, virtuellen Bibliothek auf. Genauer gesagt, nahmen die theoretischen Überlegungen, die später zur Entwicklung des Internets führen sollten, ihren Ausgangspunkt (neben Kybernetik und entstehender Computertechnik) beim Konzept des Informationsspeichers Bibliothek.

Theme

Semantic Web

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Abstract

After the launch of the World Wide Web, it became clear that searching documentson the Web would not be trivial. Well-known engines to search the web, like Google, focus on search in web documents using keywords. The documents are structured and indexed to ensure keywords match documents as accurately as possible. However, searching by keywords does not always suice. It is oen the case that users do not know exactly how to formulate the search query or which keywords guarantee retrieving the most relevant documents. Besides that, it occurs that users rather want to browse information than looking up something specific. It turned out that there is need for systems that enable more interactivity and facilitate the gradual refinement of search queries to explore the Web. Users expect more from the Web because the short keyword-based queries they pose during search, do not suffice for all cases. On top of that, the Web is changing structurally. The Web comprises, apart from a collection of documents, more and more linked data, pieces of information structured so they can be processed by machines. The consequently applied semantics allow users to exactly indicate machines their search intentions. This is made possible by describing data following controlled vocabularies, concept lists composed by experts, published uniquely identifiable on the Web. Even so, it is still not trivial to explore data on the Web. There is a large variety of vocabularies and various data sources use different terms to identify the same concepts.
This PhD-thesis describes how to effectively explore linked data on the Web. The main focus is on scenarios where users want to discover relationships between resources rather than finding out more about something specific. Searching for a specific document or piece of information fits in the theoretical framework of information retrieval and is associated with exploratory search. Exploratory search goes beyond 'looking up something' when users are seeking more detailed understanding, further investigation or navigation of the initial search results. The ideas behind exploratory search and querying linked data merge when it comes to the way knowledge is represented and indexed by machines - how data is structured and stored for optimal searchability. Queries and information should be aligned to facilitate that searches also reveal connections between results. This implies that they take into account the same semantic entities, relevant at that moment. To realize this, we research three techniques that are evaluated one by one in an experimental set-up to assess how well they succeed in their goals. In the end, the techniques are applied to a practical use case that focuses on forming a bridge between the Web and the use of digital libraries in scientific research. Our first technique focuses on the interactive visualization of search results. Linked data resources can be brought in relation with each other at will. This leads to complex and diverse graphs structures. Our technique facilitates navigation and supports a workflow starting from a broad overview on the data and allows narrowing down until the desired level of detail to then broaden again. To validate the flow, two visualizations where implemented and presented to test-users. The users judged the usability of the visualizations, how the visualizations fit in the workflow and to which degree their features seemed useful for the exploration of linked data.
The ideas behind exploratory search and querying linked data merge when it comes to the way knowledge is represented and indexed by machines - how data is structured and stored for optimal searchability. eries and information should be aligned to facilitate that searches also reveal connections between results. This implies that they take into account the same semantic entities, relevant at that moment. To realize this, we research three techniques that are evaluated one by one in an experimental set-up to assess how well they succeed in their goals. In the end, the techniques are applied to a practical use case that focuses on forming a bridge between the Web and the use of digital libraries in scientific research.

Theme

Semantic Web

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Abstract

Exploration of heterogeneous data sources increases the value of information by allowing users to answer questions through exploration across multiple sources; Users can use information that has been posted across the Web to answer questions and learn about new domains. We have conducted research that lowers the interrogation time of faceted data, by combining related information from different sources. The work contributes methodologies in combining heterogenous sources, and how to deliver that data to a user interface scalably, with enough performance to support rapid interrogation of the knowledge by the user. The work also contributes how to combine linked data sources so that users can create faceted browsers that target the information facets of their needs. The work is grounded and proven in a number of experiments and test cases that study the contributions in domain research work.

Theme

Semantic Web

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Theme

Semantic Web

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Theme

Semantic Web

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Semantic Web